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Method for modulation of data
Continuous phase modulation (CPM) is a method for modulation of data commonly used in wireless modems. In contrast to other coherent digital phase modulation
Continuous_phase_modulation
Process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform
ASK[citation needed] Continuous phase modulation (CPM) methods Minimum-shift keying (MSK) Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) Continuous-phase frequency-shift
Signal_modulation
ternary continuous phase modulation 3-PSK can be seen as falling between "binary phase-shift keying" (BPSK), which uses two phases, and "quadrature phase-shift
Ternary_signal
Type of radar where a known stable frequency continuous wave radio energy is transmitted
{\displaystyle f_{d}\approx 2v{\frac {f_{t}}{c'}}} Continuous-wave radar without frequency modulation (FM) only detects moving targets, as stationary targets
Continuous-wave_radar
Electromagnetic wave that is not pulsed
pulses soft, appearing more rounded, or to use other modulation methods (e.g. phase modulation). Certain types of power amplifiers used in transmission
Continuous_wave
Electronic method of transmitting information with a carrier wave
angle modulation, in which either the frequency of the carrier wave is varied, as in frequency modulation, or its phase, as in phase modulation. AM was
Amplitude_modulation
Mathematical technique for manipulating signals
with modulation can be decomposed into, or synthesized from, two amplitude-modulated sinusoids that are in quadrature phase, i.e., with a phase offset
In-phase and quadrature components
In-phase_and_quadrature_components
Wireless technique of sending and receiving messages through water
pulse-position modulation (FPPM and PPM) Multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK) Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM)
Underwater acoustic communication
Underwater_acoustic_communication
Software-defined radio
amplitude-shift keying (ASK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK), continuous phase modulation (CPM), gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) Sensitivity
AN/PRC-117
Type of continuous-phase frequency-shift keying
In digital modulation, minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a type of continuous-phase frequency-shift keying that was developed in the late 1950s by Collins
Minimum-shift_keying
Topics referred to by the same term
Motorola/Freescale QUICC processors Compressed pattern matching Continuous phase modulation Cpm, a process capability index Crucible Particle Metallurgy
CPM
Representation of a signal as a rectangular wave with varying duty cycle
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), also known as pulse-duration modulation (PDM) or pulse-length modulation (PLM), is any method of representing a signal as
Pulse-width_modulation
Electrical engineering concept
frequency of a signal "as the time derivative of the signal's phase angle." In frequency modulation, instantaneous frequency describes the frequency varying
Instantaneous phase and frequency
Instantaneous_phase_and_frequency
Type of data encoding
Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a constant frequency carrier wave. The
Phase-shift_keying
Electronic method of transmitting information with a carrier wave
modulation; phase modulation is often used as an intermediate step to achieve frequency modulation. These methods contrast with amplitude modulation,
Frequency_modulation
Transmitting information with a carrier wave
with varying power levels and phase shifts. These signals combine in the airspace to create a pattern of varying modulation depths that correspond to different
Space_modulation
Alternative Morse code transmission technique
Frequency modulation (F2A, F2B) — e.g. FM broadcast radio Phase modulation (G2B) Single-sideband modulation with full carrier (H2A, H2B) Single-sideband with
Modulated_continuous_wave
Characteristic of an optical system
full modulation from black to white. The 'modulation transfer function' (just a term for the magnitude of the optical transfer function with phase ignored)
Optical_transfer_function
Technology of power electronics
methods that are generally accepted are ON/OFF Control, Phase-Angle Control, and Pulse-Width Modulation AC Chopper Control (PWM AC Chopper Control). All three
Power_electronics
Method for power limiting
as the value that will be pulsed on and off is continuous. PFC differs from pulse-width modulation (PWM) in that it addresses supplies that output a
Phase-fired_controller
Four-stage model of physiological responses to sexual stimulation
sexual response cycle model. The excitement phase (also known as the arousal phase or initial excitement phase) is the first stage of the human sexual response
Human_sexual_response_cycle
AC to DC conversion circuit
The Warsaw rectifier is a unidirectional, three-phase, three-switch two-level pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier. This topology uses three insulated-gate
Warsaw_rectifier
sideband transmission, also called amplitude modulation equivalent (AME) Frequency modulation (FM) Phase modulation (PM) Digital voice modes encode speech into
List_of_amateur_radio_modes
German longwave time signal radio station
electrical detuning of the antenna resonance circuit and hence a measurable phase modulation of the received signal. When the maladjustment is too large, the transmitter
DCF77
Procedure used in oil well drilling
digital modulation scheme with a continuous phase can be used to impose the information on a carrier signal. The most widely used modulation scheme is
Measurement_while_drilling
American radar engineer
Jakabosky, P.M. McCormick, S.D. Blunt, and E.S. Perrins, “A continuous-phase modulation based power-efficient tunable joint radar/communications system
Shannon_Blunt
Gas chromatography technique
thermal modulation. However, with thermal modulation, cold jet and hot jet pulse duration, length of the second dimension column and modulation time also
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography
Comprehensive_two-dimensional_gas_chromatography
Set of telecommunications standards
became available with the newer Phase II modulation protocol. The older protocol known as P25 became P25 Phase I. P25 Phase II (or P25II) products use the
Project_25
Technique in radio direction finding
phase difference of the signal measured on two (or more) separated antennas or more typically from displaced phase centers of an array antenna. Phase-comparison
Phase-comparison_monopulse
Data communications modulation protocol
Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is encoded on a carrier signal by periodically shifting the
Frequency-shift_keying
Process of extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave
signal modulated with an angular modulation, we must use a frequency modulation (FM) demodulator or a phase modulation (PM) demodulator. Different kinds
Demodulation
Classification of radio frequency signals
transmission by frequency modulation of a radio frequency carrier with an audio frequency FSK subcarrier. Often called AFSK/FM. J2B Phase-shift keying such as
Types_of_radio_emissions
Fluctuations in the luminance of a light
type of light regulation technology applied (e.g. pulse-width modulation). If the modulation frequency is below the flicker fusion threshold and if the magnitude
Flicker_(light)
Feature of wireline modems
modems. ITU-T Answer Tone Typical 2,100Hz answer tone with phase reversals and amplitude modulation. Problems playing this file? See media help. The answer
Answer_tone
Type of amplitude-shift keying modulation
keying (OOK) denotes the simplest form of amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulation that represents digital data as the presence or absence of a carrier wave
On–off_keying
Technique in spectroscopy
2000). "Homonuclear dipolar decoupling in solid-state NMR using continuous phase modulation". Chemical Physics Letters. 319 (3–4): 253–260. Bibcode:2000CPL
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance
Solid-state_nuclear_magnetic_resonance
Measure of frequency stability in clocks and oscillators
In order to address the inability to separate white phase modulation from flicker phase modulation using traditional Allan variance estimators, an algorithmic
Allan_variance
Quantum states light can be in
thus is a modulation mode that is carried by the light beam. – In many experiments, one is interested in a continuous spectrum of many modulation modes carried
Squeezed_states_of_light
Rate in telecommunications
same as the modulation rate expressed in bauds. Signal processors, such as four-phase modems, cannot change the DSR, but the modulation rate depends
Data_signaling_rate
Laser source with equal intervals of spectral lines
obtaining an optical frequency comb, including periodic modulation (in amplitude and/or phase) of a continuous-wave laser, four-wave mixing in nonlinear media
Frequency_comb
Object detection system using radio waves
a breadboard test unit, operating at 50 cm (600 MHz) and using pulsed modulation which gave successful laboratory results. In January 1931, a writeup on
Radar
Method of measuring ultrashort laser pulses
{\displaystyle \Phi (\omega )} . The phase modulation procedure of the physical process is generally a continuous function. Thus, the SHG signal can be
Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan
Multiphoton_intrapulse_interference_phase_scan
Pulse-width modulation rectifier
The Vienna rectifier is a three-phase AC pulse-width modulation rectifier, invented in 1993 by Johann W. Kolar at TU Wien, a public research university
Vienna_rectifier
French longwave time signal radio station
transmitted by phase-modulating the carrier by ±1 radian in 0.1 s every second except the 59th second of each minute. This modulation pattern is repeated
ALS162_time_signal
Computation of radiowave attenuation in the atmosphere Continuous phase modulation Continuous wave Convective heat transfer Coriolis frequency Coronal
Index_of_wave_articles
into a frequency modulation (FM) radar waveform Phase-attached radar/communication (PARC), where FM and continuous phase modulation (CPM) are merged into
Electromagnetic radio frequency convergence
Electromagnetic_radio_frequency_convergence
frequency electromagnetic waves. Examples of modulation include: amplitude modulation frequency modulation Phase-shift keying Communication channel Data link
Node-to-node_data_transfer
3–30 kHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum
antenna. The three types of modulation that have been used in VLF transmitters are: Continuous Wave (CW), Interrupted Continuous Wave (ICW), or On-Off Keying
Very_low_frequency
Visual phenomenon
occurs when continuous rotational or other cyclic motion is represented by a series of short or instantaneous samples (as opposed to a continuous view) at
Stroboscopic_effect
Frequency swept signal
inherently lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Chirp modulation, or linear frequency modulation for digital communication, was patented by Sidney Darlington
Chirp
particularly as modulation schemes become more complicated and their peak to average power ratio increases. Older modulation schemes based on phase or frequency
Envelope_tracking
Electric vehicle charging connector in North America
mating connector. The J1772 5-pin standard supports a wide range of single-phase (1φ) alternating current (AC) charging rates. They range from portable devices
SAE_J1772
Device that emits light via optical amplification
output is normally continuous can be intentionally turned on and off at some rate to create pulses of light. When the modulation rate is on time scales
Laser
Non-commercial use of the radio spectrum
suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) Frequency modulation (FM) Independent sideband (ISB) Single sideband (SSB) Phase modulation (PM) Amateur television (ATV), also
Amateur_radio
Signal able to be decoded without an outside source of synchronization
varying the phase, as in polar modulation, or adding another signal that is 90° out of phase (a sine wave), as in quadrature amplitude modulation. The result
Self-clocking_signal
Communication system technology
synchronizing the phase of the local oscillator in the demodulation circuitry. However, SECAM features continuous subcarriers which don't need their phase tracked
Pilot_signal
Transfer of data over a communication channel
communicated by a limited set of continuously varying waveforms, using a digital modulation method. Passband modulation and demodulation are carried out
Data_communication
Simultaneous flow of materials with two or more thermodynamic phases
drops or bubbles distributed within a continuous phase, whereas the latter consists of two or more continuous streams of fluids separated by interfaces
Multiphase_flow
Transmission method of conveying voice, data, image, signal or video
transmission method of conveying information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that information
Analog_transmission
Tracking and communication system developed by NASA and JPL
S-band system usually used phase modulation (PM). PM, like FM, has a constant amplitude (envelope) regardless of modulation. This allows nonlinear RF amplifiers
Unified_S-band
contain only a continuously running oscillator coupled to some antenna system. More elaborate transmitters allow better control over the modulation of the emitted
Radio_transmitter_design
Energy efficiency enhancement method for digital signal modulation
digital signal modulation that improves upon amplitude and phase-shift keying (APSK) and conventional quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) by modifying
Constellation_shaping
Concept in optics
harmonic generation cross-phase modulation and induced phase modulation. Indeed, efforts were made to explain why self-phase modulation might well result in
Supercontinuum
level is low. The most common modulation techniques, wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) and frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS), achieve this
Laser_absorption_spectrometry
British chemist
2000). "Homonuclear dipolar decoupling in solid-state NMR using continuous phase modulation". Chem. Phys. Lett. 319 (3–4): 253–260. Bibcode:2000CPL...319
Lyndon_Emsley
Physical or logical connection used for transmission of information
example Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, a linear continuous memoryless model Phase noise model Interference model, for example crosstalk (co-channel
Communication_channel
Overview of and topical guide to electrical engineering
Telephone Pulse-code modulation (PCM) Main distribution frame (MDF) Carrier system Mobile phone Wireless network Optical fiber Modulation Carrier wave Communication
Outline of electrical engineering
Outline_of_electrical_engineering
2D modulation technique
Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) is a 2D modulation technique that transforms the information carried in the Delay-Doppler coordinate system. The
Orthogonal Time Frequency Space
Orthogonal_Time_Frequency_Space
Signal used to represent data as a sequence of discrete values
transmitted physically as a pulse-code modulation (PCM) signal. In digital communications, a digital signal is a continuous-time physical signal, alternating
Digital_signal
Technical applications of optics
manipulation of light in the form of photons through emission, transmission, modulation, signal processing, switching, amplification, and sensing. Even though
Photonics
Classification of power amplifier
represents the signal by pulse-width modulation, pulse-density modulation, delta-sigma modulation or a related modulation technique before being applied to
Power_amplifier_classes
Type of radar system
returned signal has a phase difference, or phase shift, from pulse to pulse. This causes the reflector to produce Doppler modulation on the reflected signal
Pulse-Doppler_radar
Therapy for treatment of heart failure patients
contractility modulation therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac
Cardiac contractility modulation
Cardiac_contractility_modulation
Sub-discipline of electrical engineering
systems: pulse-code modulation (PCM), differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM), delta modulation (DM), digital modulation – amplitude, phase- and frequency-shift
Electronics_engineering
British UHF transmitter-receiver
open terrain RF modulation: Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Voice modulation: Continuously Variable Slope Delta
Personal_Role_Radio
American surface-to-air missile family
equipment). Frequency modulation is applied to the broadcast on alternate scans of the ICWAR to obtain range information. AN/MPQ-62 (Phase III) Some changes
MIM-23_Hawk
Shape and form of a signal
generator Carrier wave Crest factor Continuous waveform Envelope (music) Frequency domain Phase offset modulation Spectrum analyzer Waveform monitor Waveform
Waveform
Overview of and topical guide to radio
Alexanderson alternator Antique radio Coherer Continuous wave Crystal radio Vacuum tube Amplitude modulation Old-time radio Radioteletype Table of years
Outline_of_radio
Aviation navigation system
far as the aircraft's receiver is concerned. The phase of this modulation can affect the detected phase of the sub-carrier. This effect is called "coupling"
VHF_omnidirectional_range
Mechanism of spontaneous phase separation
thermodynamic phase spontaneously separates into two phases (without nucleation). Decomposition occurs when there is no thermodynamic barrier to phase separation
Spinodal_decomposition
Electronic device that emits radio waves
inexpensive and produced continuous waves, and could be easily modulated to transmit audio (sound) using amplitude modulation (AM). This made AM radio
Transmitter
Signal processing technique
standard actually mixes CSS encoding techniques with differential phase-shift keying modulation (DPSK) to achieve better data rates. Chirp spread spectrum may
Chirp_spread_spectrum
Sensor implementation technique
Homodyne detection is a method of extracting information encoded as modulation of the phase and/or frequency of an oscillating signal, by comparing that signal
Homodyne_detection
loop – Phase – Phase distortion – Phase jitter – Phase modulation – Phase noise – Phase perturbation – Phased array – Phase-locked loop – Phase-shift keying
Index_of_electronics_articles
Sound frequency changes responsible for perceptions of loudness, pitch and timbre
modulations and the anterior STG being tuned for temporally slow varying speech sounds with high spectral modulations. One unexpected aspect of phase
Temporal envelope and fine structure
Temporal_envelope_and_fine_structure
Technique for measuring chemical composition of a gas
wavelength of the light is continuously scanned across the absorption profile, and the signal is detected at a harmonic of the modulation frequency. In FMS, the
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
Tunable_diode_laser_absorption_spectroscopy
code modulation, differential pulse-code modulation, delta modulation; digital modulation schemes-amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes, matched
Education and training of electrical and electronics engineers
Education_and_training_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineers
Particle detector experiment
to one used by DAMA/LIBRA and found a similar annual modulation, however with "a modulation phase that is almost opposite to that observed by DAMA/LIBRA"
DAMA/LIBRA
Way to produce very short laser bursts
dissipative because of the dissipative nature of the amplitude modulation; otherwise, the phase modulation would not work. This process can also be considered in
Mode_locking
Electronic systems with a continuously variable signal
information, frequency modulation (FM) changes the frequency. Other techniques, such as phase modulation or changing the phase of the carrier signal,
Analogue_electronics
Laser mode-locking method
emphasizes the modulation. With a slightly asymmetric cavity prolonging the cavity emphasizes diffraction and even makes it unstable for continuous-wave operation
Kerr-lens_modelocking
Electronic devices that generate electronic signals
often include some sort of modulation function such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or phase modulation (PM) as well as a second
Signal_generator
1985 novel by Carl Sagan
piece is found when billionaire S. R. Hadden suggests checking for phase modulation, revealing the primer. A U.S.–Soviet race to build the Machine ensues
Contact_(novel)
Type of laser diode
the modulation. An alternative approach is a phase-shifted DFB laser. In this case, both facets are anti-reflection coated, and there is a phase shift
Distributed-feedback_laser
Integral transform and linear operator
\cos(\omega t+\varphi _{m}(t))} is called angle modulation, which includes both phase modulation and frequency modulation. The instantaneous frequency is ω +
Hilbert_transform
DC-DC voltage step-down power converter
switching losses [de]. A different control technique known as pulse-frequency modulation can be used to minimize these losses. We still consider that the converter
Buck_converter
Television that uses analog signals
represented by the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the signal. The strength of an analog signal varies over a continuous range of possible values, meaning
Analog_television
Music workstation
and ring modulation. 8) The MOD-7 Waveshaping VPM Synthesizer - classic FM sounds, SysEx compatibility with Yamaha DX7, Variable Phase Modulation (VPM),
Korg_Nautilus
Type of radioteletype mode
the wider amateur radio community in December 1998. The 31 baud BPSK modulation system used in PSK31 was introduced by Pawel Jalocha (SP9VRC) in his SLOWBPSK
PSK31
to the other may be a continuous or a discontinuous change in the frequency or phase. Frequency-shift keying Frequency modulation Rudolf F. Graf (1999)
Frequency-change_signaling
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