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Limiting magnetic field strength for superconductivity
For a given temperature, the critical field refers to the maximum magnetic field strength below which a material remains superconducting. Superconductivity
Critical_field
Critical field resistance is a term that is associated with a shunt DC generator. In a DC shunt generator, the voltage induced across the armature, Va
Critical_field_resistance
Material that can form magnetic vortices
above a certain critical field strength Hc1. The vortex density increases with increasing field strength. At a higher critical field Hc2, typically of
Type-II_superconductor
Parameter describing physics near critical points
superconductivity, in percolation and in turbulent fluids. The critical dimension above which mean field exponents are valid varies with the systems and can even
Critical_exponent
Approach to social philosophy
Critical theory is a social, historical, and political school of thought and philosophical perspective which centers on analyzing and challenging systemic
Critical_theory
Analysis of facts to form a judgment
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing available facts, evidence, observations, and arguments to reach sound conclusions or informed choices. It
Critical_thinking
Phenomenon related to superconductivity
possible. At higher magnetic fields (above lower critical field Hc,1 but below upper critical field Hc,2 ) the superconductor allows magnetic flux to
Flux_pinning
Temperature and pressure point where phase boundaries disappear
liquid–liquid critical points in mixtures, and the ferromagnet–paramagnet transition (Curie temperature) in the absence of an external magnetic field. The liquid–vapor
Critical point (thermodynamics)
Critical_point_(thermodynamics)
Critical current at which a superconductor loses its superconductivity
specimen and is related to whether the magnetic field produced by the current exceeds the critical field at the surface of the superconductor. The effect
Silsbee_effect
Type of superconductor with a single critical magnetic field
from type-II superconductors which exhibit two critical magnetic fields. The first, lower critical field occurs when magnetic flux vortices penetrate the
Type-I_superconductor
Conceptual framework
Critical race theory (CRT) is a conceptual framework developed to understand the relationships between social conceptions of race and ethnicity in the
Critical_race_theory
Intermetallic chemical compound
is a superconductor with a critical temperature of 23.2 K. Sputtered films have been reported to have an upper critical field of 37 teslas at 4.2 K. Nb3Ge
Niobium–germanium
Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance
model, is important in quantum field theory and cosmology. Also in 1950, Maxwell and Reynolds et al. found that the critical temperature of a superconductor
Superconductivity
Dimensionality of space at which the character of the phase transition changes
upper critical dimension the critical exponents of the theory become the same as that in mean field theory. An elegant criterion to obtain the critical dimension
Critical_dimension
Term in condensed matter physics
resulting quantum critical fluctuations dominate the physical properties of this material at nonzero temperatures and away from the critical field. The resistivity
Quantum_critical_point
Physics associated with critical points
phase transitions, although not exclusively. The critical behavior is usually different from the mean-field approximation which is valid away from the phase
Critical_phenomena
provides predictions of upper critical field (Hc2) in type-II superconductors. The theory predicts the upper critical field (Hc2) at 0 K from Tc and the
Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg theory
Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg_theory
Philosophy of education
Critical pedagogy is a philosophy of education and social movement that developed and applied concepts from critical theory and related traditions to the
Critical_pedagogy
Theoretical model for magnetic behaviour of some superconductors
assumed lossless transport with a critical current density Jc(B) (Jc(B→0) = const. and Jc(B→∞) = 0). An external magnetic field is shielded in the Meissner
Bean's_critical_state_model
Photograph area
photograph, the area of critical focus is the portion of the picture that is optically in focus. This does not relate to depth of field which describes apparent
Critical_focus
Vortex of supercurrent within a type-II superconductor
magnetic field H {\displaystyle H} larger than the lower critical field H c 1 {\displaystyle H_{c1}} (but smaller than the upper critical field H c 2 {\displaystyle
Abrikosov_vortex
Perspective on psychology
attempts to apply psychological understandings in different ways. The field of critical psychology does not fall under a monolithic category[clarification
Critical_psychology
South African American football player (born 1959)
kicker to convert every field goal and extra point in the regular season. During the postseason, however, he missed a critical field goal in the 1998 NFC
Gary_Anderson_(placekicker)
Variant of social science that seeks to interpret and change the world
liberation. Agger (1998) identifies a number of features of critical social theory practiced in fields like geography, which include: a rejection of positivism;
Critical_geography
American safety systems researcher
automation issues in a wide range of safety-critical fields such as nuclear power, aviation, space operations, critical care medicine, and software services
David Woods (safety researcher)
David_Woods_(safety_researcher)
Evaluation
service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics, science or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's
Review
Different types of superconductors
one critical field (Hc) and changing abruptly from one state to the other when it is reached. Type II superconductors: having two critical fields, Hc1
Superconductor_classification
Theoretical angular velocity that excites the natural frequency of a rotating object
In solid mechanics, in the field of rotordynamics, the critical speed is the theoretical angular velocity that excites the natural frequency of a rotating
Critical_speed
Critical historiography approaches the history of art, literature or architecture from a critical theory perspective. Critical historiography is used by
Critical_historiography
Critical practice is the methodology used by a critic or observer to understand and evaluate a field of knowledge. While sometimes the fields of knowledge
Critical_practice
Smallest amount of fissile material needed to sustain a nuclear reaction
engineering, critical mass is the minimum mass of the fissile material needed for a sustained nuclear chain reaction in a particular setup. The critical mass
Critical_mass
Quantum field theory enjoying conformal symmetry
often conformally invariant at their thermodynamic or quantum critical points. In quantum field theory, scale invariance is a common and natural symmetry
Conformal_field_theory
Form of language analysis
theory. Hermeneutics may thus be understood as a theory about critical reading. This field was until recently associated with the humanities, not with science
Critical_reading
Expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor
expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled below the critical temperature. This
Meissner_effect
Airborne command post aircraft by Boeing based on 707 airframe
000 m) Wing loading: 112.13 lb/sq ft (547.5 kg/m2) Thrust/weight: 0.281 Critical field length: 6,700 ft (2,042 m) Max effort take-off run: 5,400 ft (1,646 m)
Boeing_E-6_Mercury
Interdisciplinary research field led by autistic people
Critical autism studies (CAS) is an interdisciplinary research field within autism studies led by autistic people. This field is related to both disability
Critical_autism_studies
Attribute of a part, product or process
Critical to quality is an attribute of a part, assembly, sub-assembly, product, or process that is literally critical to quality or more precisely, has
Critical_to_quality
Energy storage technique
envisioned by burying the installation. Critical magnetic field Above a certain field strength, known as the critical field, the superconducting state is destroyed
Superconducting magnetic energy storage
Superconducting_magnetic_energy_storage
Chemical compound
superconductor with a transition temperature of around 1.4 K and a critical field of 105 Oe. Haynes, p. 4.59 Shinoda, Daizaburo; Asanabe, Sizuo (1966)
Cobalt_disilicide
2016 book by Daniel J. Levitin
A Field Guide to Lies: Critical Thinking in the Information Age is a bestselling book written by Daniel J. Levitin and originally published in 2016 by
A_Field_Guide_to_Lies
Class of materials containing oxygen and a group-V element
Pn is from group V e.g. As. Tests in magnetic fields up to 45 teslas suggest the upper critical field of LaFeAsO0.89F0.11 may be around 64 T. A different
Oxypnictide
Electromagnet made from coils of superconducting wire
their critical temperature, because the lower the temperature, the better superconductive windings work—the higher the currents and magnetic fields they
Superconducting_magnet
whose critical points are at distinct levels. One first constructs a Morse function, then uses gradient-like vector fields to move around the critical points
Gradient-like_vector_field
Interdisciplinary approach to study discourse
major contribution to this field of study. In addition to linguistic theory, the approach draws from social theory, critical theory and contributions from
Critical_discourse_analysis
At which direct and reverberant sounds have equal pressure
generates a longer critical distance. The calculation of the critical distance for a diffuse approximation of the reverberant field: d c = 1 4 γ A π ≈
Critical_distance
Collection of models with the same renormalization group flow limit
above the upper critical dimension d ∗ {\displaystyle d^{*}} the critical exponents stabilize and can be calculated by an analog of mean-field theory (this
Universality_class
Philosophical approach to understanding science
Critical realism is a philosophical approach to understanding science, and in particular social science, initially developed by Roy Bhaskar (1944–2014)
Critical realism (philosophy of the social sciences)
Critical_realism_(philosophy_of_the_social_sciences)
In the study of air pollution, a critical load is defined as "a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant
Critical_load
Field of nursing
Critical care nursing is the field of nursing with a focus on the utmost care of the critically ill or unstable patients following extensive injury, surgery
Critical_care_nursing
Sally Field is an American actress and director. She is the recipient of various accolades, including two Academy Awards, three Primetime Emmy Awards
Sally_Field_filmography
Particle physics experiment
pair. For this to happen, the field must be greater than the so-called critical field E0 = 1.32*10^16 V/cm-1, which is impossible to produce in a laboratory
NA63_experiment
Field of research
this unique field of critical data studies began in 2011 with scholars Danah Boyd and Kate Crawford posing various questions for the critical study of big
Critical_data_studies
Superconducting alloy
high field insert coils of superconducting electromagnets.[clarification needed][citation needed] Vanadium–gallium tape is used in the highest field magnets
Vanadium–gallium
for the implementation of critical language awareness in other fields such as business and professional communications. Critical language awareness has been
Critical_language_awareness
Quantized unit of magnetic flux
placed in a magnetic field with the strength between the first critical field Hc1 and the second critical field Hc2, the field partially penetrates into
Magnetic_flux_quantum
Superconductivity theory
magnetic field mixed with regions of superconducting material containing no field. In Type II superconductors, raising the applied field past a critical value
Ginzburg–Landau_theory
Macroscopic processes showing quantum behavior
magnetic field mixed with regions of superconducting material containing no field. In Type II superconductors, raising the applied field past a critical value
Macroscopic_quantum_phenomena
Interdisciplinary field and community
social justice politics and critical analysis of the underlying role played by the capitalist system. Scholars in the field seek to integrate academic
Critical_animal_studies
In telecommunications, the term critical frequency has the following meanings: In radio propagation by way of the ionosphere, the frequency at or below
Critical_frequency
Concept in physics
display SOC. Self-organized criticality is one of a number of important discoveries made in statistical physics and related fields over the latter half of
Self-organized_criticality
The Critical Zone, surface and near-surface environment, sustains nearly all terrestrial life. The critical zone is an interdisciplinary field of research
Earth's_critical_zone
(1 August 2013). "Experimental and theoretical analysis of the upper critical field in ferromagnet–superconductor–ferromagnet trilayers". Superconductor
Anatolie_Sidorenko
Microscopic theory of superconductivity
as "a key piece in the puzzle") the existence of a critical temperature and critical magnetic field implied a band gap, and suggested a phase transition
BCS_theory
Superconducting intermetallic compound
currents and magnetic fields was discovered in 1961 and started the era of large-scale applications of superconductivity. The critical temperature is 18.3
Niobium–tin
Generation of a magnetic field by an electric current
time, it is called field flashing. Even small portable generator sets may occasionally need field flashing to restart. The critical field resistance is the
Excitation_(magnetic)
Two dimensional conformal field theory
These conformal field theories are fully classified and for the most part well-understood. The modular partition function of the critical three-state Potts
Critical three-state Potts model
Critical_three-state_Potts_model
Conformal field theory of the 2D Ising model critical point
two-dimensional critical Ising model is the critical limit of the Ising model in two dimensions. It is a two-dimensional conformal field theory whose symmetry
Two-dimensional critical Ising model
Two-dimensional_critical_Ising_model
Multicomponent superconductors characterized by two or more coherence lengths
84.094515. S2CID 39470430. A. Gurevich (2007). "Limits of the upper critical field in dirty two-gap superconductors". Physica C. 456 (1–2): 160. arXiv:cond-mat/0701281
Type-1.5_superconductor
American comedy television series
and starring Nathan Fielder. It premiered on HBO on July 15, 2022, to critical acclaim. It was renewed for a second season in August 2022, which premiered
The_Rehearsal_(TV_series)
Chemical compound
type-II superconductor, i.e. increasing magnetic field gradually penetrates into it. Maximum critical current (Jc) is: 105 A/m2 at 20 T, 106 A/m2 at 18
Magnesium_diboride
Campaign of the web series Critical Role
The third campaign of the Dungeons & Dragons web series Critical Role premiered on October 21, 2021 and concluded on February 6, 2025; it is set after
Critical_Role_campaign_three
Superconductive materials not explained by existing established theories
than predicted by BCS theory. Tests at up to 45 T suggested the upper critical field of LaFeAsO0.89F0.11 to be around 64 T. Some other iron-based superconductors
Unconventional_superconductor
Superconductivity in UPd2Al3 has a critical temperature of 2.0K and a critical field around 3T. The critical field does not show anisotropy despite the
UPd2Al3
Features that do not change if length or energy scales are multiplied by a common factor
Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena. Oxford University Press. Extensive discussion of scale invariance in quantum and statistical field theories
Scale_invariance
1987 film by Michael Apted
Critical Condition is a 1987 American comedy film starring Richard Pryor and directed by Michael Apted. The film was released in the United States on January
Critical_Condition_(film)
Conformal field theory with logarithmic short distance behavior
the fields' distance. Equivalently, the dilation operator is not diagonalizable. Examples of logarithmic conformal field theories include critical percolation
Logarithmic conformal field theory
Logarithmic_conformal_field_theory
Psychiatric organization based in the United Kingdom
The Critical Psychiatry Network (CPN) is a group of psychiatrists who advocate for reform towards a more reflective, skeptical and patient-centered approach
Critical_Psychiatry_Network
Academic journal
Critical Sociology is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers six times a year in the field of sociology. The journal's editor is David
Critical_Sociology_(journal)
Argentine mathematical physicist
transport coefficients of a clean type II superconductor near the upper critical field, was supervised by Anthony Houghton. After postdoctoral research at
Hilda_Cerdeira
German physicist
of size and critical field in superconductors, introducing the concept of surface energy. Postulated the increase of the critical field with decreasing
Heinz_London
Scientific field research institute
to several weeks, volunteers, corporations, and foundations support critical field research both financially and by providing a workforce to collect data
Earthwatch_Institute
American actress (born 1946)
After her critically acclaimed stint on the show, she returned to the role in 2003 and 2006. She also starred in the 2002 series The Court. Field's directorial
Sally_Field
Protective packaging
industry standards and publications, field studies, etc. Knowledge of the product to be packaged is critical. Field experience may indicate the types of
Package_cushioning
School of sociology and critical theory
The Frankfurt School is a school of thought in sociology and critical theory. It is associated with the Institute for Social Research, founded on February
Frankfurt_School
Philosophical concept
Post-critical is a term coined by scientist-philosopher Michael Polanyi (1891–1976) in the 1950s to designate a position beyond the critical philosophical
Post-critical
Campaign of the web series Critical Role
The second campaign of the Dungeons & Dragons web series Critical Role premiered on January 11, 2018—four months after the conclusion of the first campaign—and
Critical_Role_campaign_two
American football player (born 1998)
2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023. "Bills' Damar Hamlin in critical condition after collapse on field". PBS. January 3, 2023. Archived from the original on
Damar_Hamlin
Chemical compound
a critical temperature in the range of 16–18 K. According to data reported in ASM Handbook, Volume 2, NbN exhibits a thermodynamic critical field of
Niobium_nitride
Conformal field theory on a spacetime with a boundary
to study boundary critical behavior and to solve quantum impurity models. Conformal field theory Operator product expansion Critical point Affleck, Ian
Boundary conformal field theory
Boundary_conformal_field_theory
(Fréedericksz), discovered the Fréedericksz transition, the Fréedericksz critical field in liquid crystals Yakov Frenkel, coined the term electron hole, discovered
List_of_Russian_physicists
Campaign of the web series Critical Role
The first campaign of the Dungeons & Dragons web series Critical Role premiered on March 12, 2015; it consisted of 115 episodes and concluded on October
Critical_Role_campaign_one
Family of high-temperature superconductors
the irreversibility field H*, above which magnetic vortices melt or decouple. Even though BSCCO has a higher upper critical field than YBCO it has a much
Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide
Bismuth_strontium_calcium_copper_oxide
2008 book by Joe L. Kincheloe
through his notion of "evolving criticality" and the ever-changing field of critical theory. The 182-page work is split into five chapters, including the
Critical_Pedagogy_Primer
Critical field Critical heat flux Critical ionization velocity Critical line (thermodynamics) Critical opalescence Critical phenomena Critical point (thermodynamics)
Index_of_physics_articles_(C)
Theory of continuous phase transitions
materials, and yields the mean-field critical exponent γ = 1 {\displaystyle \gamma =1} . It is noteworthy that although the critical exponents so obtained are
Landau_theory
Indian government organization
concerned organisations in the field. In the event of any threat to critical information infrastructure, the National Critical Information Infrastructure
National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre
National_Critical_Information_Infrastructure_Protection_Centre
Superconducting alloy of niobium and titanium
aluminium or copper matrix. Its critical temperature is about 10 kelvins. The high critical magnetic field and high critical supercurrent density of Nb-Ti
Niobium–titanium
Networking architecture for prioritizing traffic
provide low latency to critical network traffic such as voice or streaming media while providing best-effort service to non-critical services such as web
Differentiated_services
Chemical compound
; Miura, N.; Ikeda, S.; Matsuda, Y.H.; Shiohara, Y. (2004). "Upper critical field for optimally-doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ". Physica B: Condensed Matter. 346–347:
Yttrium_barium_copper_oxide
Geopolitical theory and academic school of thought
In the humanities discipline of critical theory, critical geopolitics is an academic school of thought centered on the idea that intellectuals of statecraft
Critical_geopolitics
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