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Information-theoretic measure
In information theory, the cross-entropy between two probability distributions p {\displaystyle p} and q {\displaystyle q} , over the same underlying
Cross-entropy
Monte Carlo method for importance sampling and optimization
The cross-entropy (CE) method is a Monte Carlo method for importance sampling and optimization. It is applicable to both combinatorial and continuous
Cross-entropy_method
Generalization of the standard Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy
In physics, the Tsallis entropy is a generalization of the standard Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy. It is proportional to the expectation of the q-logarithm
Tsallis_entropy
Principle in Bayesian statistics
The principle of maximum entropy states that, among all probability distributions consistent with a given set of constraints (such as normalization or
Principle_of_maximum_entropy
Average uncertainty in variable's states
In information theory, the entropy of a random variable quantifies the average level of uncertainty or information associated with the variable's potential
Entropy_(information_theory)
Mathematical statistics distance measure
statistics, the Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence (also called relative entropy and I-divergence), denoted D KL ( P ∥ Q ) {\displaystyle D_{\text{KL}}(P\parallel
Kullback–Leibler_divergence
Mathematical functions
binary cross-entropy compares the observed y ∈ { 0 , 1 } {\displaystyle y\in \{0,1\}} with the predicted probabilities. The average binary cross-entropy for
Hyperbolastic_functions
Quantum benchmarking protocol
Cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB) is a statistical measure used to evaluate the performance in random circuit sampling experiments. It quantifies how strongly
Cross-entropy_benchmarking
Machine translation using artificial neural networks
of the factors’ logarithms and flipping the sign yields the classic cross-entropy loss: θ ∗ = a r g m i n θ − ∑ i T log ∑ j = 1 J ( i ) P ( y j ( i
Neural_machine_translation
Statistics and machine learning technique
correlation for regression tasks or using information measures such as cross entropy for classification tasks. Theoretically, one can justify the diversity
Ensemble_learning
Concept in information theory
probability distribution. It is then defined as the exponentiation of the cross entropy of the two distributions. The smaller the perplexity, the better the
Perplexity
Generalization of gamma distribution to multiple dimensions
_{p}\left({\frac {n}{2}}\right)+{\frac {np}{2}}\end{aligned}}} The cross-entropy of two Wishart distributions p 0 {\displaystyle p_{0}} with parameters
Wishart_distribution
Method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model, given observations
the relationship between maximizing the likelihood and minimizing the cross-entropy, URL (version: 2019-11-06): https://stats.stackexchange.com/q/364237
Maximum_likelihood_estimation
Statistical model for a binary dependent variable
p_{k}-(1-y_{k})\ln(1-p_{k}).} This expression is more formally known as the cross-entropy of the predicted distribution ( p k , ( 1 − p k ) ) {\displaystyle {\big
Logistic_regression
Machine learning method to transfer knowledge from a large model to a smaller one
original training set or consist of new, possibly unlabeled data. A cross-entropy loss function is typically used, computed between the output of the
Knowledge_distillation
Probability distribution
expression is identical to the negative of the cross-entropy (see section on "Quantities of information (entropy)"). Therefore, finding the maximum of the
Beta_distribution
Scientific study of digital information
theory is entropy. In Shannon's formulation entropy is equal to the lack of information about an event. In the above coin flip example, the entropy in the
Information_theory
Technique in neural networks for learning joint representations of text and images
into a probability distribution over which text is the matching one. Cross-entropy is then computed against the one-hot target that assigns probability
Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training
Contrastive_Language–Image_Pre-training
Language models designed for reasoning tasks
ORM is usually trained with logistic regression, i.e. by minimizing cross-entropy loss. Given a PRM, an ORM can be constructed by multiplying the total
Reasoning_model
Sequential model-based optimization of expensive black-box functions
explicit probabilistic models of selected candidate solutions. The cross-entropy method and CMA-ES also update parametric sampling distributions, with
Bayesian_optimization
Optimization algorithm for artificial neural networks
loss function or "cost function" For classification, this is usually cross-entropy (XC, log loss), while for regression it is usually squared error loss
Backpropagation
Machine learning technique
supervised model. In particular, it is trained to minimize the following cross-entropy loss function: L ( θ ) = − 1 ( K 2 ) E ( x , y w , y l ) [ log ( σ
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Models used to produce word embeddings
is trained by gradient descent to minimize the cross-entropy loss. In full formula, the cross-entropy loss is: − ∑ i ln e v w i ′ ⋅ ( ∑ j ∈ N v w j
Word2vec
Competitive algorithm for searching a problem space
The cross-entropy (CE) method generates candidate solutions via a parameterized probability distribution. The parameters are updated via cross-entropy minimization
Genetic_algorithm
Optimization method
Battiti, G. Tecchiolli (1994), recently reviewed in the reference book cross-entropy method by Rubinstein and Kroese (2004) random search by Anatoly Zhigljavsky
Stochastic_optimization
Degradation of AI models trained on synthetic data
standard cross-entropy objective maximises the likelihood of observed outputs without preserving alternatives, methods incorporating entropy regularisation
Model_collapse
Deep learning software
the mean squared error criterion implemented in MSECriterion and the cross-entropy criterion implemented in ClassNLLCriterion. What follows is an example
Torch_(machine_learning)
Estimates values in an N-dimensional matrix
perform biproportion. We have also the entropy maximization, information loss minimization (or cross-entropy) or RAS which consists of factoring the
Iterative proportional fitting
Iterative_proportional_fitting
Probability distribution that has the most entropy of a class
In statistics and information theory, a maximum entropy probability distribution has entropy that is at least as great as that of all other members of
Maximum entropy probability distribution
Maximum_entropy_probability_distribution
Smooth approximation of one-hot arg max
classifier. Such networks are commonly trained under a log loss (or cross-entropy) regime, giving a non-linear variant of multinomial logistic regression
Softmax_function
Probabilistic optimization technique and metaheuristic
The cross-entropy method (CE) generates candidate solutions via a parameterized probability distribution. The parameters are updated via cross-entropy minimization
Simulated_annealing
the joint entropy is simply the sum of their individual entropies. (Note: The joint entropy should not be confused with the cross entropy, despite similar
Quantities_of_information
through the internet it is known as quantum computing within the cloud. Cross-entropy benchmarking (also referred to as XEB), is quantum benchmarking protocol
Glossary_of_quantum_computing
Power law growth of entropy of language or a stochastic process
relations describing how performance of a large language model, measured by cross entropy, improves with data size, model parameters, or computation. Yet another
Hilberg's_hypothesis
Mathematical discipline
Bayesian optimization Coordinate descent and adaptive coordinate descent Cross-entropy method Differential evolution, including multi-objective variants DONE
Derivative-free_optimization
Field of machine learning
relying on gradient information. These include simulated annealing, cross-entropy search or methods of evolutionary computation. Many gradient-free methods
Reinforcement_learning
Concept in machine learning
cross-entropy loss (Log loss) are in fact the same (up to a multiplicative constant 1 log ( 2 ) {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{\log(2)}}} ). The cross-entropy
Loss functions for classification
Loss_functions_for_classification
Dutch-Australian mathematician and statistician
rare-event simulation. He is, with Reuven Rubinstein, a pioneer of the Cross-Entropy (CE) method. Born in Wapenveld (municipality of Heerde), Dirk Kroese
Dirk_Kroese
Statistical value representing the center or average of a distribution
interpreted geometrically by using entropy to measure variation: the MLE minimizes cross-entropy (equivalently, relative entropy, Kullback–Leibler divergence)
Central_tendency
Probability distribution
defines a proper probabilistic counterpart for the commonly used binary cross entropy loss, which is often applied to continuous, [ 0 , 1 ] {\displaystyle
Continuous Bernoulli distribution
Continuous_Bernoulli_distribution
Optimization algorithm
ACO-type algorithms are closely related to stochastic gradient descent, Cross-entropy method and estimation of distribution algorithm. They proposed an umbrella
Ant colony optimization algorithms
Ant_colony_optimization_algorithms
Influence of thermodynamics on evolution
Research concerning the relationship between the thermodynamic quantity entropy and both the origin and evolution of life began around the turn of the
Entropy_and_life
Machine learning software library
Some popular examples include mean squared error (MSE) and binary cross entropy (BCE). In order to assess the performance of machine learning models
TensorFlow
Principle in theoretical physics
bound of black hole thermodynamics, which conjectures that the maximum entropy in any region scales with the radius squared, rather than cubed as might
Holographic_principle
Israeli operations researcher (1938–2012)
the score-function method, the stochastic counterpart method, and the cross-entropy method, which have numerous applications in combinatorial optimization
Reuven_Rubinstein
Alloys with high proportions of several metals
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys that are formed by mixing equal or relatively large proportions of (usually) five or more elements. Prior to the
High-entropy_alloy
Statistical law in machine learning
upstream) performance evaluation metric of interest (e.g. prediction error, cross entropy, calibration error, AUROC, BLEU score percentage, F1 score, reward,
Neural_scaling_law
Machine learning model for vision processing
bootstrap your own latent (BYOL). The loss function used in DINO is the cross-entropy loss between the output of the teacher network ( f θ t ′ {\displaystyle
Vision_transformer
Probability distribution
{\displaystyle a} here) is learnt discriminatively by minimizing multiclass cross-entropy over a supervised calibration data set with known class labels. But
Dirichlet_distribution
Deep learning generative model to encode data representation
p_{\theta }(z|x)} . As reconstruction loss, mean squared error and cross entropy are often used. The Kullback–Leibler divergence D K L ( q ϕ ( z | x
Variational_autoencoder
Regression for more than two discrete outcomes
regression, multinomial logit (mlogit), the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) classifier, and the conditional maximum entropy model. Multinomial logistic regression is used
Multinomial logistic regression
Multinomial_logistic_regression
Property of a model
problem can be phrased as probabilistic classification, then the expected cross-entropy can instead be decomposed to give bias and variance terms with the same
Bias–variance_tradeoff
Statistical method
Principles of oblique rotation can be derived from both cross entropy and its dual entropy. Communality The sum of the squared factor loadings for all
Factor_analysis
Physical law for entropy and heat
appear below. The second law of thermodynamics establishes the concept of entropy as a physical property of a thermodynamic system. It predicts whether processes
Second_law_of_thermodynamics
NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization
optimization, river formation dynamics (see swarm intelligence), and the cross entropy method. This starts with a sub-tour such as the convex hull and then
Travelling_salesman_problem
Machine learning that combines deep learning and reinforcement learning
actions selected may be optimized using Monte Carlo methods such as the cross-entropy method, or a combination of model-learning with model-free methods.
Deep_reinforcement_learning
Type of feedforward neural network
predicting a single class of K mutually exclusive classes. Sigmoid cross-entropy loss is used for predicting K independent probability values in [ 0
Convolutional_neural_network
Statement in information theory
Put in words, the information entropy of a distribution P {\displaystyle P} is less than or equal to its cross entropy with any other distribution Q {\displaystyle
Gibbs'_inequality
Topics referred to by the same term
XEB may refer to: Cross-entropy benchmarking, a benchmarking method for quantum computing XEB-AM, a radio station XEB, a band formed by Kevin Cadogan
XEB
Image segmentation algorithm
foreground, Entropy-based methods result in algorithms that use the entropy of the foreground and background regions, the cross-entropy between the original
Thresholding (image processing)
Thresholding_(image_processing)
distribution. It provides a probabilistic counterpart to the binary cross-entropy loss. The continuous binomial (cobin) distribution, a two-parameter
List of probability distributions
List_of_probability_distributions
Machine learning-powered structure design
model corresponding to the subgraph is trained to minimize a canonical cross entropy loss. Multiple child models share parameters, ENAS requires fewer GPU-hours
Neural_architecture_search
Statistical concept
Z.I.; Kroese, D.P. (2004). "Global Likelihood Optimization Via the Cross-Entropy Method, with an Application to Mixture Models". Proceedings of the 2004
Mixture_model
Numerical computation library for Python
dot(hidden_output, W2) + b2) # Softmax output # Define the cost function (cross-entropy) cost = T.nnet.categorical_crossentropy(output, y).mean() # Compute
Theano_(software)
Distribution of an uncertain quantity
minimum cross-entropy generalizes MAXENT to the case of "updating" an arbitrary prior distribution with suitable constraints in the maximum-entropy sense
Prior_probability
Deep learning method
_{G}(x)\ln(1-D(x))\right].} The integrand is just the negative cross-entropy between two Bernoulli random variables with parameters ρ ref ( x ) {\displaystyle
Generative adversarial network
Generative_adversarial_network
Metric for a quantum computer's capabilities
quantum supercomputer. Alternative benchmarks include quantum volume, cross-entropy benchmarking, Circuit Layer Operations Per Second (CLOPS) proposed by
RQOPS
Overview of and topical guide to deep learning
Stochastic gradient descent Adam optimization Learning rate Loss function Cross-entropy Mean squared error Regularization Dropout Early stopping Batch normalization
Outline_of_deep_learning
Evolutionary algorithm
retaining all principal axes. Estimation of distribution algorithms and the Cross-Entropy Method are based on very similar ideas, but generally estimate (non-incrementally)
CMA-ES
Difference between parts or different instrumental sounds
Contrast." Ask.com. Web. 28 June 2013. Laney, R., Samuels, R., Capulet, E. Cross Entropy as a Measure of Musical Contrast. In the proceedings of Mathematics
Contrast_(music)
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
clustering Correspondence analysis Cortica Coupled pattern learner Cross-entropy method Cross-validation (statistics) Crossover (genetic algorithm) Cuckoo search
Outline_of_machine_learning
algorithm Dancing Links: an efficient implementation of Algorithm X Cross-entropy method: a general Monte Carlo approach to combinatorial and continuous
List_of_algorithms
M., 2001, "Updating and Estimating a Social Accounting Matrix Using Cross Entropy Methods", Economic Systems Research 13 (1), pp. 47–64. Stone, R. and
Social_accounting_matrix
Development of entropy in a thermodynamic system
Entropy production (or generation) is the amount of entropy which is produced during heat process to evaluate the efficiency of the process. Entropy is
Entropy_production
Pseudorandom number generator file in Unix-like operating systems
secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG). The CSPRNG is seeded with entropy (a value that provides randomness) from environmental noise, collected
/dev/random
Sets whose elements have degrees of membership
305–318. doi:10.1016/0165-0114(92)90239-Z. Li, Xiang (2015). "Fuzzy cross-entropy". Journal of Uncertainty Analysis and Applications. 3. doi:10.1186/s40467-015-0029-5
Fuzzy_set
Relations between flows and forces, or gradients, in thermodynamic systems
in a general imperfect fluid, entropy is locally not conserved and its local evolution can be given in the form of entropy density s {\displaystyle s} as
Onsager_reciprocal_relations
Fighting game series
2021-11-30 – via Twitter. Romano, Sal (December 21, 2023). "BlazBlue: Entropy Effect launches January 31, 2024". Gematsu. Retrieved January 1, 2024.
BlazBlue
Total species diversity in a landscape
can be exactly decomposed in site-local values corresponding to the Cross-entropy of the site and the pooled communities. In this case, the gamma is additively
Gamma_diversity
Quantum information quantity
Reflected entropy is a quantity in quantum information theory that measures correlations in a bipartite quantum-mechanical system described by a mixed
Reflected_entropy
conditional entropy conditional quantum entropy confusion and diffusion cross-entropy data compression entropic uncertainty (Hirchman uncertainty) entropy encoding
Index of information theory articles
Index_of_information_theory_articles
Metric for a quantum computer's capabilities
problems a quantum computer can solve. Alternative benchmarks include Cross-entropy benchmarking, reliable Quantum Operations per Second (rQOPS) proposed
Quantum_volume
Theory in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropic force
Entropic gravity, also known as emergent gravity, is a theory in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropic force—a force with macro-scale homogeneity
Entropic_gravity
German physicist and mathematician (1822–1888)
the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy. In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem, which applied to heat. Clausius
Rudolf_Clausius
Restricted model of non-universal quantum computation
molecules of pharmacological interest as well. Quantum random circuits Cross-entropy benchmarking Linear optical quantum computing KLM protocol Ball, Philip
Boson_sampling
Generalization of linear assignment problem from two to multiple dimensions
(2012-10-12). "Solving the Multidimensional Assignment Problem by a Cross-Entropy method". Journal of Combinatorial Optimization. 27 (4): 808–823. doi:10
Multidimensional assignment problem
Multidimensional_assignment_problem
Ratio of regional to local species diversity in ecology
subunits in the dataset. If the gamma diversity correspond to the average cross-entropy and the alpha diversity corresponds to the average Shannon index than
Beta_diversity
Physics of heat, work, and temperature
deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation. The behavior of these
Thermodynamics
computes averages of operators in many-body quantum mechanical problems Cross-entropy method — for multi-extremal optimization and importance sampling Also
List of numerical analysis topics
List_of_numerical_analysis_topics
Type of energy transfer
Likewise, 'the entropy of the Solar System' is not defined in classical thermodynamics. It has not been possible to define non-equilibrium entropy, as a simple
Heat
α Cross-correlation Cross-covariance Cross-entropy method Cross-sectional data Cross-sectional regression Cross-sectional study Cross-spectrum Cross tabulation
List_of_statistics_articles
Belgian AI music researcher (born 1982)
deep convolutional neural network trained by ideal binary mask and cross entropy". Neural Computing and Applications. 32 (4): 1037–1050. arXiv:1812.01278
Dorien_Herremans
Computer security technique
{\displaystyle E_{s}} (entropy bits of stack top) E m {\displaystyle E_{m}} (entropy bits of mmap() base) E x {\displaystyle E_{x}} (entropy bits of main executable
Address space layout randomization
Address_space_layout_randomization
Distance between two statistical objects
function and metric. Terms from information theory include cross entropy, relative entropy, discrimination information, and information gain. A metric
Statistical_distance
American pornographic film director (born 1967)
Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2011-09-06. "The Entropy Tango". Bryn Pryor. Archived from the original on 2019-05-17. Retrieved
Eli_Cross_(director)
Family of stochastic optimization methods
convergence Dependency Structure Matrix Genetic Algorithm (DSMGA) CMA-ES Cross-entropy method Ant colony optimization algorithms Pelikan, Martin (2005-02-21)
Estimation of distribution algorithm
Estimation_of_distribution_algorithm
Device for measuring a physical quantity
multiplying the thermal potential by the amount of entropy found at that potential: temperature times entropy. Entropy can be created by friction but not annihilated
List_of_measuring_instruments
American scientist (1839–1903)
generalized Boltzmann's statistical interpretation of entropy S {\displaystyle S} by defining the entropy of an arbitrary ensemble as S = − k B ∑ i p i ln
Josiah_Willard_Gibbs
Variation of Cohen's class distribution function
Theodore E. Posch; Joe M. Moody. "Comparison of binomial, ZAM and minimum cross-entropy time-frequency distributions of intracardiac heart sounds". Signals
Cone-shape distribution function
Cone-shape_distribution_function
Statistical NM-method
NM-method. The IPF defines closeness of matrices of the same size by the cross-entropy, or the Kullback–Leibler divergence. Accordingly, the IPF compatible
NM-method
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
Boy/Male
African, Hindu, Indian
To Cross
Boy/Male
English
Literally 'cross land'.
Male
English
Scottish surname transferred to forename use, derived from the Gaelic word ros, ROSS means "headland, promontory."
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and English (of Norman origin)
Scottish and English (of Norman origin) : habitational name for someone from Rots near Caen in Normandy, probably named with the Germanic element rod ‘clearing’. Compare Rhodes. This was the original home of a family de Ros, who were established in Kent in 1130.Scottish and English : habitational name from any of various places called Ross or Roos(e), deriving the name from Welsh rhós ‘upland’ or moorland, or from a British ancestor of this word, which also had the sense ‘promontory’. This is the sense of the cognate Gaelic word ros. Known sources of the surname include Roos in Humberside (formerly in East Yorkshire) and the region of northern Scotland known as Ross. Other possible sources are Ross-on-Wye in Herefordshire, Ross in Northumbria (which is on a promontory), and Roose in LancashireEnglish and German : from the Germanic personal name Rozzo, a short form of the various compound names with the first element hrÅd ‘renown’, introduced into England by the Normans in the form Roce.German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a breeder or keeper of horses, from Middle High German ros, German Ross ‘horse’; perhaps also a nickname for someone thought to resemble a horse or a habitational name for someone who lived at a house distinguished by the sign of a horse.Jewish : Americanized form of Rose 3.
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Wood
Boy/Male
English
By the cross.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a stone cross set up by the roadside or in a marketplace, from Old Norse kross (via Gaelic from Latin crux, genitive crucis), which in Middle English quickly and comprehensively displaced the Old English form crūc (see Crouch). In a few cases the surname may have been given originally to someone who lived by a crossroads, but this sense of the word seems to have been a comparatively late development. In other cases, the surname (and its European cognates) may have denoted someone who carried the cross in processions of the Christian Church, but in English at least the usual word for this sense was Crozier.Irish : reduced form of McCrossen.In North America this name has absorbed examples of cognate names from other languages, such as French Lacroix.
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant spelling of Cross.
Boy/Male
English Norse Teutonic
By the cross.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Close 1.German : variant of Kloss.
Boy/Male
English
Literally 'cross land'.
Boy/Male
Basque
Holy cross.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Chinese, Latin, Spanish
Cross
Girl/Female
Spanish
Holy cross.
Male
Italian
Short form of Italian Crocifisso, or Croccifixio, CROSS means "cross; crucifix" or "way of the cross."
Surname or Lastname
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : nickname for a big man, from Middle High German grÅz ‘large’, ‘thick’, ‘corpulent’, German gross. The Jewish name has been Hebraicized as Gadol, from Hebrew gadol ‘large’.English : nickname for a big man, from Middle English, Old French gros (Late Latin grossus, of Germanic origin, thus etymologically the same word as in 1 above). The English vocabulary word did not develop the sense ‘excessively fat’ until the 16th century.
Boy/Male
German American Scottish Shakespearean Teutonic
Red. Surname.
Boy/Male
Armenian
Small cross.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Old French, Middle English cras ‘big’, ‘fat’ (Latin crassus).Possibly an altered spelling of German Krass.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, French, Gaelic, German, Irish, Latin, Scandinavian, Scottish, Teutonic
Red Haired; Headland; Red; Surname; Wood; Rose; Having a Big Heart
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Very Powerful
Male
Babylonian
, Nannar is shining.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Edwine, Old English Ēadwine, composed of the elements ēad ‘prosperity’, ‘fortune’ + wine ‘friend’.Indian (southern states) : name in the Christian community. It is only found as a given name in India (from the English personal name), but has come to be used as a family name among South Indian Christians in the U.S.
Boy/Male
German
Ruling Raven
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Brave; Fearless; Courageous
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
To Walk with a Proud; Swinging Gait
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, German, Jamaican, Norse, Swedish
Rich; Powerful Ruler; Dominant Ruler; Brother; Strong Power; Hardy Power; Brave Ruler; Abbreviation of Richard
Girl/Female
Russian
Christian.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Matchless Light; Flame
Female
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Cheruta, HERUTA means "freedom."
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
CROSS ENTROPY
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cross-question
imp. & p. p.
of Cross-question
n.
A line drawn across or through another line.
n.
Alt. of Cross-spall
prep.
Athwart; across.
n.
A piece of money stamped with the figure of a cross, also, that side of such a piece on which the cross is stamped; hence, money in general.
n.
A monument in the form of a cross, or surmounted by a cross, set up in a public place; as, a market cross; a boundary cross; Charing Cross in London.
n.
Same as Cross-spale.
v. t.
To cancel by marking crosses on or over, or drawing a line across; to erase; -- usually with out, off, or over; as, to cross out a name.
n.
See Cross, n.
n.
One who cross-examines or conducts a crosse-examination.
n.
See Cross, n.
v. t.
To put across or athwart; to cause to intersect; as, to cross the arms.
a.
Made in an opposite direction, or an inverse relation; mutually inverse; interchanged; as, cross interrogatories; cross marriages, as when a brother and sister marry persons standing in the same relation to each other.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cross-examine
imp. & p. p.
of Cross-examine
superl.
Whole; entire; total; without deduction; as, the gross sum, or gross amount, the gross weight; -- opposed to net.
superl.
Great; palpable; serious; vagrant; shameful; as, a gross mistake; gross injustice; gross negligence.
n.
One of the temporary wooden braces, placed horizontally across a frame to hold it in position until the deck beams are in; a cross-pawl.
v. t.
To lay or draw something, as a line, across; as, to cross the letter t.