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The culture of violence theory addresses the pervasiveness of specific violent patterns within a societal dimension. The concept of violence being ingrained
Culture_of_violence_theory
Theory of human desire by René Girard
theory of desire, an explanation of human behavior in relation to culture, originated with the French historian, literary critic, and philosopher of social
Mimetic_theory
Use of physical force or psychological power with the intent to inflict harm
concern for the lives and the well-being of individual persons at its moral center. Ahimsa Culture of violence theory De-escalation Deradicalization Fight-or-flight
Violence
Society in which rape is pervasive and normalised
Rape culture is a setting, as described by some sociological theories, in which rape is pervasive and normalized due to that setting's attitudes about
Rape_culture
Relationship between race and crime in the US
mainstream American culture. As to the origins of this subculture of violence among African Americans, sociologists promoting the theory have pointed towards
Race and crime in the United States
Race_and_crime_in_the_United_States
Term coined by the 20th-century French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu
individual habitus. Bourdieu's theory of symbolic violence further elaborates and develops Max Weber's thoughts on the role of legitimation in domination
Symbolic_violence
Theories attempting to explain sexual violence
Sexual violence refers to a range of completed or attempted sexual acts in which the affected party does not or is unable to consent. Theories on the
Causes_of_sexual_violence
responsibility Cultural genocide Culture of violence theory Cumulative radicalization Death march Death squad Domicide Democide Denial of atrocities against indigenous
Outline_of_genocide_studies
Supposed links between fictional and actual violence
The study of violence in mass media analyzes the degree of correlation between themes of violence in media sources (particularly violence in video games
Effects of violence in mass media
Effects_of_violence_in_mass_media
Violence motivated by conflict between sects of ideology or religion
violence include the inter-group contact theory and the democratic peace theory. A sect, in one of its oldest definitions by Max Weber, is a form of social-religious
Sectarian_violence
Criminological theory
In criminology, the broken windows theory states that visible signs of crime, antisocial behavior and civil disorder create an urban environment that
Broken_windows_theory
Cultural attribute of the southern United States
accepting improper conduct by others. A theory as to why the American South had or may have had this culture is an assumed regional belief in retribution
Culture of honor (Southern United States)
Culture_of_honor_(Southern_United_States)
French anthropologist and philosopher (1923–2015)
mimetic theory, which posits that human desire is fundamentally imitative, leading to rivalry, violence and the scapegoat mechanism as foundations of religion
René_Girard
Theory in criminology
subcultural theory emerged from the work of the Chicago School on gangs and developed through the symbolic interactionism school into a set of theories arguing
Subcultural_theory
Colloquium on Violence and Religion (COV&R) is an international organization dedicated to “exploring, critiquing, and developing” the mimetic theory proposed
Colloquium on Violence & Religion
Colloquium_on_Violence_&_Religion
Abuse of members of the same household
non-subordination theory over other theories, like formal equality, substantive equality, and difference theory, because sexual violence and other forms of violence against
Domestic_violence
Conspiracy theory about race and culture
theory or great replacement theory, is a debunked white nationalist far-right conspiracy theory coined by French author Renaud Camus. Camus's theory states
Great Replacement conspiracy theory
Great_Replacement_conspiracy_theory
Aphorism used by Martin Luther King Jr.
Violence begets violence is a concept described in the Gospel of Matthew, verse 26:52. The passage depicts a disciple (identified in the Gospel of John
Violence_begets_violence
School of sociology and critical theory
The Frankfurt School is a school of thought in sociology and critical theory. It is associated with the Institute for Social Research, founded on February
Frankfurt_School
Branch of the discipline of sociology
(87%), arson (86%), and family violence (83%). According to Michael Kimmel, hegemonic masculinity creates a culture of entitlement, silence, and protection
Sociology_of_gender
Criminological theory
criminology, the focal concerns theory, posited in 1962 by Walter B. Miller, attempts to explain the behavior of "members of adolescent street corner groups
Focal_concerns_theory
LGBTQ people who have not disclosed their sexual orientation or gender identity
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. The Epistemology of the Closet. Rasmussen, Mary Lou (2004). "The Problem of Coming Out". Theory into Practice. 43 (2): 144–150. doi:10
Closeted
Field of critical theory
Queer theory is a field of post-structuralist critical theory which is broadly associated with the study and theorization of gender and sexual practices
Queer_theory
1908 French-language book by Georges Sorel
Reflections on Violence (French: Réflexions sur la violence), published in 1908, is a book by the French revolutionary syndicalist Georges Sorel on class
Reflections_on_Violence
Form of violence
Structural violence is a form of violence where in some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic
Structural_violence
Sexual and gender minorities
against incitement to hatred and violence against LGBTQ people. Laws that affect LGBTQ people include: legal recognition of same-sex marriage laws concerning
LGBTQ_people
Judging another culture by the values and standards of one's own culture
application of one's own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors, beliefs, and people, instead of using the
Ethnocentrism
Experimental cultural theorist collective
by Suzanne Livingston Turbulence: A Cartography of Postmodern Violence by Steve Goodman Abstract Culture on the CCRU's website (no homepage) Alternate history
Cybernetic Culture Research Unit
Cybernetic_Culture_Research_Unit
French author and conspiracy theorist (born 1946)
France as a gay writer, he later became the originator of the Great Replacement conspiracy theory circulated in the Western far-right which claims a global
Renaud_Camus
Sexual self-perception
Processes of personal identity formation and evaluation. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. L. Vignoles(Eds), Handbook of identity theory and research
Sexual_identity
Anthropological view of crime
opposed to other theories, cultural criminology views crime in the context of an offenders culture as a motive to commit crime. The theory gives motives
Cultural_criminology
American legal academic (born 1959)
American civil rights advocate and a scholar of critical race theory. She is a professor at the UCLA School of Law and Columbia Law School, where she specializes
Kimberlé_Crenshaw
use of violence has changed radically since the crusades were fought. The just war theory prevailing for most of the last two centuries—that violence is
Christianity_and_violence
parades. Although they claimed a risk of violence, the court ruled that their decision "effectively approved of and supported groups who had called for
LGBTQ_history_in_Russia
1961 book by Frantz Fanon
section is entitled "On Violence". It is a detailed explanation of violence in relation to both the colonial world and the process of decolonisation. Fanon
The_Wretched_of_the_Earth
Theory of discrimination
segments of the population, such as those reporting domestic violence or disabled victims of abuse. According to intersectional theory, the practice of domestic
Intersectionality
Sociological theory
Labeling theory posits that self-identity and the behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them
Labeling_theory
of Communication Studies and Humanities, with a focus on personal relationships, intimate partner violence, feminist theory, and the intersections of
Julia_T._Wood
Theory examining long-term effects of TV
effects of television violence on American audiences. Measuring the effect of violence underscored the larger part of Gerbner's work on cultivation theory. Therefore
Cultivation_theory
Outdated term referring to homosexuality
is a theory of homosexuality popular primarily in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Sexual inversion was believed to be an inborn reversal of gender
Sexual_inversion_(sexology)
American feminist and queer philosopher (born 1956)
Butler has also spoken and written on war, non-violence, ethics, public mourning, democratic theory and other contemporary political questions, including
Judith_Butler
not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies". Books and articles written about transgender people or culture are often outdated by the time
Outline_of_transgender_topics
Perceiving the world to be more dangerous than it really is
violent conduct and skew people's perceptions of violence and crime. The findings of the cultivation theory study led Gerbner and Larry Gross to further
Mean_world_syndrome
Interdisciplinary paradigm
criminology reacts against single theory or methodology approaches, and adopts an interdisciplinary paradigm for the study of criminology and penology. Integration
Integrative_criminology
Social theory asserting that value systems perpetuate poverty
The culture of poverty is a concept in social theory that asserts that the values of people experiencing poverty play a significant role in perpetuating
Culture_of_poverty
Theory aiming to explain cultural differences based on perceived collective danger
full of conflict and danger, while people in a peaceful and safe environment will prefer an egalitarian and tolerant culture, according to this theory. The
Regality_theory
Late 19th-century European cultural phenomenon
siècle is commonly applied to French art and artists, as the traits of the culture first appeared there, but the movement affected many European countries
Fin_de_siècle
Domestic violence is an issue that affects people of any sexuality, but there are issues that affect victims of same-sex domestic violence specifically
Domestic violence in same-sex relationships
Domestic_violence_in_same-sex_relationships
Entertainer dressed and acting with exaggerated masculinity
performing in 1965, and as of 2025 was still performing, earning her the Guinness World Record for Oldest Drag King. Drag king culture in Australia flourished
Drag_king
Norwegian sociologist and peace scholar (1930–2024)
theory of the Conflict Triangle, a framework used in the study of peace and conflict, with the purpose of defining the three key elements of violence
Johan_Galtung
Violence against and bullying of LGBTQ people
(LGBTQ+). It includes both violence against LGBTQ people and LGBTQ bullying. The term covers violence against and bullying of people who are LGBTQ, as well
Gay_bashing
Overview of and topical guide to domestic violence
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to domestic violence: Domestic violence – pattern of abusive behaviors by one or both partners
Outline_of_domestic_violence
Variety of communities and subcultures
Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures are subcultures and communities composed of people who have shared experiences, backgrounds, or interests
Sexuality and gender identity–based cultures
Sexuality_and_gender_identity–based_cultures
Theory in criminology
defeat theory is a way of looking at criminal justice policy. It suggests that the criminal justice system's intentions are the very opposite of common
Pyrrhic_defeat_theory
Oppression and discrimination towards femininity
access, trivialization of femininity, and the exclusion from external identity. This bias can take many forms, including violence, social exclusion, bullying
Femmephobia
Theory regarding causes of crime
In the fields of sociology and criminology, strain theory is a theoretical perspective that aims to explain the relationship between social structure
Strain_theory_(sociology)
Common culture shared by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people
LGBTQ culture or queer culture is the shared culture, experiences, values, and expressions of LGBTQ people, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender
LGBTQ_culture
violence deals with the debate in Christian communities about the recognition and response to domestic violence, which is complicated by a culture of
Christianity and domestic violence
Christianity_and_domestic_violence
Italian criminologist (1835–1909)
trait of human nature. Instead, using concepts drawn from physiognomy, degeneration theory, psychiatry, and Social Darwinism, Lombroso's theory of anthropological
Cesare_Lombroso
Violence within a marginalised community
Lateral violence or horizontal hostility is a hypothesized form of intra-group conflict where members of a group perceived as oppressed displace their
Lateral_violence
Annual outdoor drag festival in Manhattan
New York (state) portal LGBTQ portal Drag culture in New York City LGBTQ culture in New York City List of LGBTQ people from New York City NYC Drag March
Wigstock
Process of revealing one's sexual orientation or other attributes
out of the closet remains a challenge for most of the world's LGBTQ population and can lead to a backlash of heterosexist discrimination and violence against
Coming_out
significant reduction of crime in communities. Communities with high levels of collective efficacy have been found to have lower rates of violence and homicide
Collective_efficacy
Action or behavior that violates social norms
of society. Durkheim's theory attributes social deviance to extremes of social integration and social regulation. He stated four different types of suicide
Deviance_(sociology)
Responses aimed at combating sexual violence
As sexual violence affects all parts of society, the responses that arise to combat it are comprehensive, taking place on the individual, administrative
Initiatives to prevent sexual violence
Initiatives_to_prevent_sexual_violence
Field of studies related to crimes
neighborhoods to be isolated from the mainstream of society and become prone to violence. Strain theory, also known as Mertonian Anomie, advanced by American
Criminology
Process of self-exploration
suicide and gender nonconformity, early awareness of sexual orientation, stress, violence, lack of support, school dropout, family problems, homelessness
Questioning (sexuality and gender)
Questioning_(sexuality_and_gender)
1986 UNESCO scientists' averment
The Seville Statement on Violence is a statement on violence that was adopted by an international meeting of scientists, convened by the Spanish National
Seville_Statement_on_Violence
Japanese term meaning "girl boss" or "delinquent girl"
equivalent to the male banchō in Japanese culture. The usage of the word sukeban refers to either the leader of a girl gang or the entire gang itself
Sukeban
The purpose of the conspiracy theory is to justify a commitment to a white nationalist agenda in support of calls to violence. The theory was popularized
White genocide conspiracy theory
White_genocide_conspiracy_theory
Psychosocial examination of crime
which may cause a higher level of violence. The predictions of the theory was confirmed in a cross-cultural examination of traditional farming and herding
Biosocial_criminology
Changes in sexuality or sexual identity
Although no single theory on the cause of sexual orientation has yet gained widespread support, scientists favor biological theories, especially for explaining
Sexual_fluidity
During the Stonewall Riots, when violence erupted, the women and transmasculine people held at the New York Women's House of Detention down the street joined
Transgender culture of New York City
Transgender_culture_of_New_York_City
Concept asserting sexuality as the only social norm
(2023-06-27). "Contradictions in Experiences of Compulsory Sexuality and Pathways to Asexual Citizenship". Sexuality & Culture. 28: 187–213. doi:10.1007/s12119-023-10110-1
Allonormativity
Ability to be regarded as having an identity one does not
creating different arenas of life (depending on whether the stigma is known or not). Goffman claimed that actors develop theories about which situations
Passing_(sociology)
German British sociologist (1897–1990)
monopoly of violence and its infringements". Telos, 54 (Winter 1982–83): 134–154. "The retreat of sociologists into the present", Theory, Culture & Society
Norbert_Elias
This is a list of notable conspiracy theories. Many conspiracy theories relate to supposed clandestine government plans and elaborate murder plots. They
List_of_conspiracy_theories
Far-right antisemitic conspiracy theory
discourse in the 2010s and is now found globally. The conspiracy theory of a Marxist culture war is promoted by right-wing politicians, fundamentalist religious
Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory
Cultural_Marxism_conspiracy_theory
Subfield of sociocultural and legal anthropology
harms become visible. As an area of inquiry, it grew from post-World War II debates about universalism and culture into a consolidated program that couples
Anthropology_of_human_rights
vulnerability to sexual assault, other kinds of violence, and trouble accessing necessary medical care. While much of the available data on LGBTQ inmates comes
LGBTQ_people_in_prison
Term based on Richard Dawkins' theory of memes
process of creating and developing theories or ideologies based on an analytical study of societies, cultures, their ways of thinking and the evolution of their
Memetic_engineering
Acronym for a common strategy of abusers
interpersonal violence, like sexual assault or child abuse. DARVO is particularly likely in cases of sexual violence, with one study of women who had
DARVO
Body within anthropology and sociology
Practice theory (or praxeology, theory of social practices) is a body of social theory within anthropology and sociology that explains society and culture as
Practice_theory
Subfield of criminology
Penology (also penal theory) is a subfield of criminology that deals with the philosophy and practice of various societies in their attempts to repress
Penology
Sexual and gender-based violence committed by Hamas
to sexual violence, including rape and sexual assault, by Hamas or other Gazan militants. The militants involved in the attack are accused of having committed
Sexual and gender-based violence in the October 7 attacks
Sexual_and_gender-based_violence_in_the_October_7_attacks
Attributing events to an improbable conspiracy
A conspiracy theory is an explanation for an event or situation that asserts the existence of a conspiracy (generally by powerful sinister groups, often
Conspiracy_theory
Associative criminal group
in other countries in Central America where gang violence is less prevalent. Women in gang culture are often in environments where sexual assault is
Gang
Application of heterosexual norms to LGBTQ culture
adoption of heteronormative ideals and constructs onto LGBTQ culture and identity. It is predicated on the assumption that the norms and values of heterosexuality
Homonormativity
Crime is based on rational choices
called the rational choice theory of crime. The rational choice theory has sprung from older and more experimental collections of hypotheses surrounding what
Rational choice theory (criminology)
Rational_choice_theory_(criminology)
Sociological term for "normlessness"
Social alienation Strain theory (sociology) Suicide (Durkheim book) Societal collapse Social disorganization theory Theory of deviance Macionis, John J
Anomie
offenses violate the basic right of sexual self-determination. In Finland, sexual violence and taking advantage of a person is always a crime, even if
Sexual_violence_in_Finland
Slang term used for a feminine male
element of youth in femboy culture has raised questions on how long one can remain a femboy. For trans women, being a femboy can be a way of avoiding
Femboy
LGBTQ means lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer
orientation Epigenetic theories of homosexuality Fraternal birth order and male sexual orientation Demographics of sexual orientation Timeline of sexual orientation
Outline_of_LGBTQ_topics
Domestic violence by an intimate partner
low risk of intimate partner violence. The I³ Theory is useful when describing not only heterosexual male-to-female violence, but violence across other
Intimate_partner_violence
Aspect of history and society in India
reflecting a fluid understanding of gender and sexuality in ancient Indian culture. During the medieval period, the establishment of Islamic empires in the Indian
Homosexuality_in_India
External manifestation of gender identity
individuals that were part of the LGBTQI+ community had to deal with sexual harassment or discrimination and increased risk of violence. Conducting a study was
Gender_expression
Ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others
affecting theory of mind in humans, such as whether drug and alcohol consumption, language development, cognitive delays, age, and culture can affect
Theory_of_mind
Exploration of the Denunciation Theory of Punishment, Tulane Law Review, Vol. 65, No. 2, 1990. Bill Wringe. Rethinking expressive theories of punishment:
Denunciation_(penology)
Theory of interpersonal relationships
occurs. Relational models theory has also been used to explain interpersonal violence in the form of virtuous violence theory, describing the moral motivations
Relational_models_theory
Italian criminologist (1856–1929)
him to postulate theories calling for crime prevention methods to be the mainstay of law enforcement, as opposed to the punishment of criminals after their
Enrico_Ferri_(criminologist)
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