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1996 and 1997 chess matches
Deep Blue vs. Kasparov Garry Kasparov, then-world champion in chess, played a pair of six-game matches against Deep Blue, a supercomputer by IBM. Kasparov
Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov
Deep_Blue_versus_Garry_Kasparov
Computer vs. human chess match
against a human being. It was the first game played in the 1996 Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match, and the first time that a chess-playing computer defeated
Deep Blue versus Kasparov, 1996, Game 1
Deep_Blue_versus_Kasparov,_1996,_Game_1
Chess-playing computer made by IBM
was first renamed Deep Thought, then again in 1989 to Deep Blue. In 1996, it was used to compete against world champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match
Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)
Chess game between human and computer
between Deep Blue and Garry Kasparov. Deep Blue had been further upgraded from the previous year's match and was unofficially nicknamed "Deeper Blue". Before
Deep Blue versus Kasparov, 1997, Game 6
Deep_Blue_versus_Kasparov,_1997,_Game_6
1997, an IBM supercomputer beat Garry Kasparov, the then world chess champion, in the famous Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match, ushering the game into
History_of_chess
Russian chess grandmaster (born 1963)
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born Garik Kimovich Weinstein on 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, political activist and writer, who was the World
Garry_Kasparov
Game of chess
Kasparov versus the World was a game of chess played in 1999 over the Internet. It was a consultation game, in which a World Team of thousands decided
Kasparov_versus_the_World
2016 Go match between AI and human
AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol is comparable to the 1997 chess match when Garry Kasparov lost to IBM computer Deep Blue. Kasparov's loss to Deep Blue is considered
AlphaGo_versus_Lee_Sedol
System for rating game players
sections and prizes. Human–computer chess matches between 1997 (Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov) and 2006 demonstrated that chess computers are capable of
Elo_rating_system
Free and open-source chess engine
Retrieved 5 March 2022. AlphaZero Leela Chess Zero Deep Blue (chess computer) Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov Computer chess Chess engine Artificial intelligence
Stockfish_(chess)
American computer scientist and electrical engineer (born 1959)
ChessBase.com Arimaa Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov Deep Blue - Kasparov, 1996, Game 1 Deep Blue - Kasparov, 1997, Game 6 Game Over: Kasparov and the Machine
Feng-hsiung_Hsu
Their most famous success was the victory of Deep Blue over then World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, but there was some controversy over whether
Human–computer_chess_matches
Chess game played by Garry Kasparov
Kasparov's immortal is a chess game played by Garry Kasparov as White against Veselin Topalov as Black at the Hoogovens Wijk aan Zee Chess Tournament 1999
Kasparov's_Immortal
Russian chess grandmaster (born 1951)
number one is the third-longest of all time, behind Magnus Carlsen and Garry Kasparov. Karpov is also an elected Member of the State Duma in Russia. Since
Anatoly_Karpov
Chronological list of notable chess games
classical time controls. 1997: Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov, Game 6. The last game of the 1997 rematch. Deep Blue won, making it the first computer
List_of_chess_games
Computer hardware and software capable of playing chess
assumption even then; Garry Kasparov tried it via using the non-standard Mieses Opening at the 1997 Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov Game 1 match, but lost
Computer_chess
Chess opening
aggressive 5.Ng5!?. The famous last game of the Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov rematch where Kasparov committed a known blunder and lost was played in
Caro–Kann_Defence
Human methods against game-playing computers
In the 1997 Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match, Kasparov played an anti-computer tactic move at the start of the game to get Deep Blue out of its opening
Anti-computer_tactics
Traditional board game for two players
machine. In 1997, Deep Blue became the first computer to win a match against a reigning World Champion when it defeated Garry Kasparov. Modern chess engines
Chess
2022. "Karpov v Kasparov: The Guardian's coverage of an epic world chess championship match". The Guardian. 22 September 2009. "Kasparov and Karpov in chess
List_of_sports_rivalries
1988 chess-playing computer
a two-game match with Garry Kasparov in 1989 as well as in a correspondence match with Michael Valvo. It was named after Deep Thought, a fictional computer
Deep_Thought_(chess_computer)
in 1988; rebranded as Deep Blue, it beat the reigning human world chess champion in 1997 (see Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov). By the 2010s, chess engines
Progress in artificial intelligence
Progress_in_artificial_intelligence
American chess player and coach (born 1958)
of Kasparov's coaching team during the 1995 and 2000 World Championship matches and during the 1996 and 1997 matches versus IBM's computer Deep Blue. In
Michael_Khodarkovsky
Chess opening
use of this opening was in the third game in the Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match in 1997. Kasparov believed that the computer would play the opening
Mieses_Opening
beat professional human players, such as the historic 1997 Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match. Since then, machine learning agents have shown ever
Machine learning in video games
Machine_learning_in_video_games
Chess opening
Nxd4. This variation was played in the fifth game of the 1996 Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match. The usual continuation is 7...d5 8.exd5 cxd5 9.0-0 0-0
Four_Knights_Game
Fictional chess game from Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey
book's publication was concurrent with Deep Blue's two matches against the Russian grandmaster Garry Kasparov in 1996 and 1997; the human player won the
Poole_versus_HAL_9000
Chess Match
Fritz to aid him in his overnight analysis of the position. Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov Analysis of Game 6 Archived October 7, 2007, at the Wayback
Brains_in_Bahrain
Chess game played in London in 1851
cannot play 18...Bxd6? 19.Nxd6+ Kd8 20.Nxf7+ Ke8 21.Nd6+ Kd8 22.Qf8#." Garry Kasparov comments that the world of chess would have lost one of its "crown jewels"
Immortal_Game
American chess grandmaster (1943–2008)
of Fischer, and had handed Fischer his only loss at the Interzonal. Garry Kasparov later wrote that no player had ever shown a superiority over his rivals
Bobby_Fischer
1948 chess program
Conference. This version was used in a match with chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, who gave a keynote at the conference. Turochamp simulates a game of
Turochamp
Overview of and topical guide to chess
Human–computer chess matches Deep Blue (chess computer) Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov Deep Blue – Kasparov, 1996, Game 1 Deep Blue – Kasparov, 1997, Game 6 Pre-1850
Outline_of_chess
Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York
1997 chess match of Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov, in which IBM supercomputer Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov, took place at Equitable
Axa_Equitable_Center
February 23: 1997 Empire State Building shooting. May 11: Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov chess match held. May 30: Jonathan Levin a Bronx teacher and
Timeline_of_New_York_City
named Deep Blue was released from the team at IBM. The engine was completed in 1996, and in the same year faced chess champion Garry Kasparov for the
History_of_chess_engines
Chess opening
Evgeny Vasiukov. More recently, Deep Blue played it in game 1 of its 1996 match against then-world champion Garry Kasparov. Nowadays its strongest practitioners
Sicilian_Defence
Game of chess via postal system or e-mail
Berliner was also an OTB International Master. In 1999, Garry Kasparov played a chess game "Kasparov versus the World" over the Internet, hosted by the MSN Gaming
Correspondence_chess
Chess rule
threefold repetition with 25...Qb5. Kasparov vs. Deep Blue, 1997 In the game between Garry Kasparov and Deep Blue in New York 1997, the game ended with
Threefold_repetition
Chess opening
Many top players have relied on the Najdorf, including Bobby Fischer, Garry Kasparov, and Maxime Vachier-Lagrave. This article uses algebraic notation to
Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation
Sicilian_Defence,_Najdorf_Variation
Machine-learned bot project using the video game Dota 2
"required teamwork and collaboration". Chess champion Garry Kasparov, who lost against the Deep Blue AI in 1997, stated that despite their losing performance
OpenAI_Five
Chess opening
Viswanathan Anand, Garry Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov, Veselin Topalov, and Vladimir Kramnik, and Deep Blue played the Alapin Variation against Kasparov in their 1996
Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation
Sicilian_Defence,_Alapin_Variation
Chess opening
obtained an excellent position using the opening against Garry Kasparov, although Kasparov won the game. During the sixth round of the 2014 Chess Olympiad
Scandinavian_Defense
Chess opening
Defense; in the 1980s, Vasily Smyslov did employ the opening against Garry Kasparov, achieving a draw. Morozevich has also published a book on the Chigorin
Chigorin_Defense
Chess opening
in a draw. The Pirc has been criticized for passivity. According to Garry Kasparov, the Pirc Defence is "hardly worth using in the tournaments of the highest
Pirc_Defence
Chess opening
central tension too early and allow Black to equalise without difficulty. Garry Kasparov led a revival of the Scotch in the late 20th century, however, arguing
Scotch_Game
American chess player (born 1950)
International Computer Games Association and worked at both Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov matches (1996 and 1997). Heisman authors the award-winning
Dan_Heisman
Chess engine
situation—that no other program has." In 2003 Deep Junior played a six-game match against Garry Kasparov, which resulted in a 3–3 tie. It won a 2006 rapid
Junior_(chess_program)
Computer chess championship held from 1970 to 1994
event was canceled in 1995 as Deep Blue was preparing for the first match against world chess champion Garry Kasparov, and never resumed. Monty Newborn's
North American Computer Chess Championship
North_American_Computer_Chess_Championship
Chess opening
chess positions. Mikhail Botvinnik, Tigran Petrosian, Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, Magnus Carlsen, and Ding Liren have employed it during their world
English_Opening
Chess tournament
rivals Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov, with the former considered the favorite to win the tournament. Notable participants included: Garry Kasparov (URS)
World Blitz Chess Championship
World_Blitz_Chess_Championship
Canadian computer scientist
1989, he served as the AI expert. In the match where Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov, in February 1997, Murray was there as an IBM computer
Murray_Campbell
Computer program for chess analysis and game
chess puzzles.[irrelevant citation] In 1999, Garry Kasparov played a chess game called "Kasparov versus the World" over the Internet, hosted by the MSN
Chess_engine
Chess opening
by attacking the white pieces defending the centre. World Champion Garry Kasparov and Grandmaster Raymond Keene wrote that it "has never been fully accepted
Nimzowitsch_Defence
Open-source online chess platform
fund of $150,000. The participants of this event were Magnus Carlsen, Garry Kasparov, Fabiano Caruana, Hikaru Nakamura, Wesley So, Levon Aronian, Maxime
Lichess
Jef (2016). Better Chess Openings. Lulu. ISBN 9781326180775. Kasparov, Garry (2017). Deep Thinking: Where Machine Intelligence Ends and Human Creativity
Glossary_of_chess
Chess opening
opening, exceptionally complex, and a favourite of former world champions Garry Kasparov, Bobby Fischer, and Mikhail Tal, with prominent grandmasters (GMs) Viktor
King's_Indian_Defence
Chess opening
as the Kasparov Variation, since Garry Kasparov used it to great effect against Anatoly Karpov in their 1985 World Championship match. Kasparov played
Nimzo-Indian_Defence
Advantage of White over Black in chess
2008-06-27. Page 10 mentions the Vallejo Pons–Kasparov game. "Francisco Vallejo Pons vs. Garry Kasparov, Moscow 2004". Chessgames.com. Retrieved 2015-01-02
First-move_advantage_in_chess
Reference work on chess openings
Miroslav; Geller, Efim; Gipslis, Aivars; Gufeld, Eduard; Hort, Vlastimil; Kasparov, Garry; Korchnoi, Viktor; Krnic, Zdenko; Larsen, Bent; Matanović, Aleksandar;
Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
Encyclopaedia_of_Chess_Openings
Chess opening
after Vladimir Kramnik successfully used it as a drawing weapon against Garry Kasparov in the Classical World Chess Championship 2000. The most common continuation
Berlin_Defence
Any board used in the game chess
Technology: 328 boards were used for the event. In 2003, ex-world champion Garry Kasparov faced chess engine X3D Fritz in a series of four matches in a virtual
Chessboard
Chess opening
Classical World Championship match against Garry Kasparov, successfully using it to draw in four of Kasparov's eight games with white. The Morphy Defence
Ruy_Lopez
Chess opening
19th century, but has been in decline ever since. In the early 1990s, Garry Kasparov briefly experimented with it before switching to 3.Nc3. Black's game
French_Defence
Chess opening
including Vasily Smyslov, Viktor Korchnoi, Leonid Stein and Bobby Fischer. Garry Kasparov often used the defence, including in his World Championship matches
Grünfeld_Defence
Chess opening
11 July 2022. ChessOps The Queen's Gambit – Overview Bibliography Kasparov, Garry; Keene, Raymond (1994) [1989]. Batsford Chess Openings 2. Henry Holt
Queen's_Gambit_Declined
Chess opening
Alexei Fedorov, Mikhail Golubev, the late Tony Miles and Eduard Gufeld. Garry Kasparov used the Dragon with success as a surprise weapon against world title
Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation
Sicilian_Defence,_Dragon_Variation
Austrian-American chess player (1836–1900)
number of years as the world's top player, behind Emanuel Lasker and Garry Kasparov; and that Steinitz placed 7th in a comparison of how long players were
Wilhelm_Steinitz
Scottish chess player, writer, and entrepreneur (born 1945)
authors of the Deep Thought program won the prize when their program beat Levy. In 1996, Popular Science asked Levy about Garry Kasparov's impending match
David_Levy_(chess_player)
US periodical
1963 debut) Fischer Talks Chess Svetozar Gligorić Game of the Month Garry Kasparov (1993–1994) Irina Krush Paul Keres (1968–1975) Keres Annotates... Lisa
Chess_Life
Intelligence in machines
advanced techniques. Deep Blue became the first computer chess-playing system to beat a reigning world chess champion, Garry Kasparov, on 11 May 1997. In
Artificial_intelligence
Chess opening
similarly aggressive and uncompromising style such as Bobby Fischer and Garry Kasparov established the opening's reputation as one of Black's most dynamic
Modern_Benoni
Chess opening
by world champions Wilhelm Steinitz, Bobby Fischer, Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, and Viswanathan Anand. The only good defense for Black is 4...d5, blocking
Two_Knights_Defense
Chess opening
Companion to Chess (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-280049-3 Kasparov, Garry; Keene, Raymond (1994) [1989], Batsford Chess Openings 2, Henry Holt
Indian_Defence
Chess opening
1992, for an extensive analysis.) This variation was often used by Garry Kasparov early in his career. Black can choose between 4...Bb7 and 4...Bb4. 4
Queen's_Indian_Defense
Chess opening
today, it has been used occasionally as a surprise by players such as Garry Kasparov. John Nunn uses it to avoid Petrov's Defense (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6), and
Bishop's_Opening
Chess opening
Reshevsky. The Catalan came to prominence at the top level when both Garry Kasparov and Viktor Korchnoi played it in their Candidates Semifinal match in
Catalan_Opening
Chess opening
Classical World Chess Championship 2000 between Vladimir Kramnik and Garry Kasparov, which led White players to search for new ideas in the Italian, which
Italian_Game
Chess opening
University Press. p. 2. ISBN 0-19-280049-3. Bibliography Keene, Raymnod; Kasparov, Garry (1994) [1989]. Batsford Chess Openings 2. B.T. Batsford Ltd. ISBN 978-0-8050-3409-7
Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon
Sicilian_Defence,_Accelerated_Dragon
conditions. Kasparov recovers to win the match 4–2 (three wins, one loss, two draws). 1997 – Kasparov loses a rematch to chess supercomputer Deep Blue (2½–3½)
Timeline_of_chess
Chess opening
OCLC 176901166.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Kasparov, Garry and Keene, Raymond (1989). Batsford Chess Openings 2. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-6099-7
Slav_Defense
Chess opening
accurate lines for White and it is currently considered insufficient." Garry Kasparov and Raymond Keene, Batsford Chess Openings 2, Collier Books, 1989, p
Owen's_Defence
Chess opening
time or another, including former world champions Viswanathan Anand, Garry Kasparov, Veselin Topalov, Mikhail Tal, and Magnus Carlsen; and grandmasters
Benko_Gambit
Chess opening
It has been advocated by many distinguished grandmasters, such as Garry Kasparov. This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves. The variation
Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation
Sicilian_Defence,_Scheveningen_Variation
Chess opening
Common Opening Possible?". chess.com. Retrieved 8 April 2026. Opening Lanes Garry Lane, Chesscafe.com Barden, Leonard (2 October 2020). "Chess: Carlsen wins
Barnes_Opening
Chess opening
MCO-15), McKay Chess Library, 2008, p. 135. ISBN 978-0-8129-3682-7. Garry Kasparov; Raymond Keene (1989). Batsford Chess Openings 2. London: B.T. Batsford
Ponziani_Opening
American computer scientist, author and futurist (born 1948)
players "by the year 2000". In May 1997, IBM's Deep Blue computer defeated World Champion Garry Kasparov in a well-publicized match. Kurzweil foresaw the
Ray_Kurzweil
English chess master and Shakespearean scholar (1810–1874)
least, the English Opening (sometimes called the Staunton Opening)." Garry Kasparov considered Staunton "by the early 1840s ... superior to all his rivals"
Howard_Staunton
and lesbian employees. Deep Blue: The 32-node IBM RS/6000 SP supercomputer, Deep Blue, defeats World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov in the first known instance
History_of_IBM
2017. Retrieved 7 November 2017. Greenemeier, Larry (18 October 2017). "AI versus AI: Self-Taught AlphaGo Zero Vanquishes Its Predecessor". Scientific American
Timeline of artificial intelligence
Timeline_of_artificial_intelligence
benchmark. The remark coincides with Dreyfus's commentary on Deep Blue's victory against Garry Kasparov, which noted that the machine is only responding to the
Hubert Dreyfus's views on artificial intelligence
Hubert_Dreyfus's_views_on_artificial_intelligence
Danish chess grandmaster and author (1935–2010)
André Andersen. København, Løfbergs Forlag, 2014. ISBN 9788792772039 Kasparov, Garry (2004), My Great Predecessors, part IV, Everyman Chess, ISBN 1-85744-395-0
Bent_Larsen
Peruvian Immortal Game of the Century Deep Blue versus Kasparov, 1996, Game 1 Kasparov's Immortal Kasparov versus the World Rules Castling Cheating in
List_of_chess_grandmasters
Two-player abstract strategy board game
Omar Syed was inspired to design a new game by Garry Kasparov's defeat by the chess computer Deep Blue. His goal was to make a game that could be played
Arimaa
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (1990–1999)
Marie-José Pérec Sergey Bubka Jefferson Perez Carl Lewis Lynford Christie Garry Kasparov Naim Süleymanoğlu Pyrros Dimas Lilia Podkopayeva Vitaly Scherbo Tiger
1990s
Henry Holt & Co. ISBN 978-0-8050-2639-9. Newborn, Monty (1997). Kasparov versus Deep Blue: Computer Chess Comes of Age. Springer. ISBN 0-387-94820-1. Newborn
List_of_chess_books_(M–S)
This landmark event occurred 19 years after IBM's Deep Blue defeated chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, but Go's vastly greater complexity made AlphaGo's
History_of_Go
"Poole versus HAL 9000") Deep Blue, the IBM chess playing computer, was victorious in a 1997 match against then-world champion Garry Kasparov. Deep Thought
List_of_chess_players
Politician and celebrity support for or against Brexit during its lead-up
Monetary Fund Owen Jones, writer, columnist and political activist Garry Kasparov, chess grandmaster and political activist Max Keiser, economist and
Endorsements in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum
Endorsements_in_the_2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum
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DEEP BLUE-VERSUS-GARRY-KASPAROV
DEEP BLUE-VERSUS-GARRY-KASPAROV
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DEEP BLUE-VERSUS-GARRY-KASPAROV
DEEP BLUE-VERSUS-GARRY-KASPAROV
DEEP BLUE-VERSUS-GARRY-KASPAROV
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