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Dichotomous thinking or binary thinking in statistics is the process of seeing a discontinuity in the possible values that a p-value can take during null
Dichotomous_thinking
Failure to think in nuances
binary thinking, dichotomous thinking, black-and-white thinking, all-or-nothing thinking, or thinking in extremes, is the failure in a person's thinking to
Splitting_(psychology)
historical thinking skills are frequently described in contrast to historical content knowledge such as names, dates, and places. This dichotomous presentation
Historical_thinking
Exaggerated or irrational thought pattern
given duality to the elements of a reference class). In this model, "dichotomous reasoning", "minimization", "maximization" and "arbitrary focus" constitute
Cognitive_distortion
Spirituality as avoidance of unresolved psychological issues
need to excessively control others and oneself, shame, anxiety, dichotomous thinking, emotional confusion, exaggerated tolerance of inappropriate behavior
Spiritual_bypass
Pseudoscientific personality questionnaire
binary letter value to each of four dichotomous categories: introversion or extraversion, sensing or intuition, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving
Myers–Briggs_Type_Indicator
Personality disorder
This splitting is also evident in black-and-white or all-or-nothing dichotomous thinking. Despite a strong desire for intimacy, individuals with BPD may exhibit
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline_personality_disorder
Method of statistical inference
means test decision tree Complete spatial randomness Counternull Dichotomous thinking E-values Estimation statistics – Data analysis approach in frequentist
Statistical_hypothesis_test
Eating disorder
inflexible dietary rules. Moreover, the cognitive distortion due to dichotomous thinking leads the individual to binge. The binge subsequently should trigger
Bulimia
Eating behaviour
techniques like cognitive restructuring can be applied to reduce dichotomous thinking in relation to eating, where food items are viewed as strictly "good"
Counterregulatory_eating
Data analysis approach in frequentist statistics
information than a single point estimate or intervals, that can exacerbate dichotomous thinking according to the interval covering or not covering a "null" value
Estimation_statistics
Development of a black racial identity
"see" things clearly. In this stage, the world view is either-or, a dichotomous thinking about black and white. This most likely happens to black adolescents
Nigrescence
American drummer (born 1964)
Slug Percussion, Heritage Cajon and Alclair In-Ear Monitors. 2018: Dichotomous Thinking, Elysium 2018: Randy Forte is Chas Randall, Randy Forte 2017: I Can
John_Richardson_(drummer)
Questions with fixed responses available
2017. Retrieved 31 January 2018. Worley, Peter (29 November 2015). "Open thinking, closed questioning: Two kinds of open and closed question". Journal of
Closed-ended_question
Belgian-born American philosopher (1932–2020)
Retrieved July 28, 2013. Sharp, Hasana (2010). "Oppositional Ideas, Not Dichotomous Thinking: Reply to Rorty". Political Theory. 38 (1): 142–147. doi:10.1177/0090591709348876
Amélie_Rorty
Idea that real and nominal variables can be analysed separately
relative prices between goods. The classical dichotomy was integral to the thinking of some pre-Keynesian economists ("money as a veil") as a long-run proposition
Classical_dichotomy
Annual political forum in Visby, Sweden
conflict that happens in the United States— the partisan divide, the dichotomous thinking, the separation from each other—there is a different thing happening
Almedalen_Week
American philosopher (born 1941)
the individual members of society (or community). The tradition of dichotomous thinking in Western philosophy inclines most philosophers to dismiss Hume's
J._Baird_Callicott
American sociologist (born 1949)
ISBN 978-1-55849-153-3. England, Paula (2003). "Separative and soluble selves: dichotomous thinking in economics". In Nelson, Julie A.; Ferber, Marianne (eds.). Feminist
Paula_England
Classification of individuals based on personality traits
Jung proposed the existence of two dichotomous pairs of cognitive functions: The "rational" (judging) functions: thinking and feeling The "irrational" (perceiving)
Personality_type
Psychological classification metric
as separate categories that function independent from one another as dichotomous types. Analytical psychology – Jungian theories Keirsey Temperament Sorter –
Jungian_Type_Index
Scale for measuring sexual orientation
behavior" by illustrating that "sexuality does not fall neatly into the dichotomous categories of exclusively heterosexual or exclusively homosexual." Most
Kinsey_scale
Psychological approach
growth rather than on pathology. It has been argued that this binary, dichotomous view has fueled positive psychology's success and decline. The single-minded
Second-wave positive psychology
Second-wave_positive_psychology
Psychological theory of how thought can arise in two different ways
distinction). In response to the question as to whether there are dichotomous processing types, many have instead proposed a single-system framework
Dual_process_theory
Form of biological classification
traits but incorporates a dichotomous branching model borrowed from phenetics. It is essentially a simplified dichotomous natural key, although reversals
Evolutionary_taxonomy
Psychological theory
with categories carrying dichotomous connotations of good and bad. Lewin argues that the influence of this mode of thinking on psychology can be seen
Field_theory_(psychology)
1994 studio album by Sonic Youth
sparse, bracingly dichotomous work of 'quiet noise' that, with its wayward tonalities and laconic grooves, speaks to the future while thinking of the past."
Experimental Jet Set, Trash and No Star
Experimental_Jet_Set,_Trash_and_No_Star
Biological work by Aristotle
seeking a teleological explanation in the life sciences. He criticized the dichotomous taxonomy practiced in Plato's Academy. He wrote that animals cannot be
Parts_of_Animals
Theories that aim to account for differences in individuals' learning
proposed instead that these dimensions be treated as continuous rather than dichotomous/binary variables. In an article that addressed Kolb's work through 2005
Learning_styles
Theory and technique of psychological measurement
(1993-09-01). "A Hyperbolic Cosine Latent Trait Model For Unfolding Dichotomous Single-Stimulus Responses". Applied Psychological Measurement. 17 (3):
Psychometrics
Stage prior to lucid dreaming
Stephen LaBerge (1985). Clarity: lucidity in dreams may be thought of as a dichotomous variable: one either is or is not aware that one is dreaming at any given
Pre-lucid_dream
Form of psychotherapy
As such, thoughts and feelings about self and others are split into dichotomous experiences of good or bad, black or white, all or nothing. The major
Transference-focused psychotherapy
Transference-focused_psychotherapy
Weakly optimal allocation of resources
since it is Pareto dominated by lottery 2. Another example involves dichotomous preferences. There are 5 possible outcomes (a, b, c, d, e) and 6 voters
Pareto_efficiency
Pattern-recognition performance metrics
ISBN 978-3-031-02328-6. Newman, Thomas B.; Kohn, Michael A. (2009). "2: Dichotomous Tests". Evidence-Based Diagnosis. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521875950
Precision_and_recall
American rock band
were more pop friendly while Hart wrote more experimental songs. Their dichotomous partnership during this era drew some comparisons to Lennon–McCartney
The_Olivia_Tremor_Control
2020 book
modernity. She also argues that political and criminal justice are not dichotomous, as Mamdani argues. Despite her criticism, Jabri states that the book
Neither_Settler_nor_Native
Differences in patterns over time
Initially, it was believed that one's Big Five profile was static and dichotomous in that one was either at one extreme of each trait or another For example
Personality_change
French philosopher (1930–2004)
culture", arguing that the whole philosophical tradition rests on arbitrary dichotomous categories (such as sacred/profane, signifier/signified, mind/body),
Jacques_Derrida
Personality disorder involving orderliness
world is polarised and dichotomous; there is no grey area between what is right and what is wrong. Whenever this dichotomous view of the world cannot
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
Obsessive–compulsive_personality_disorder
Canadian philosopher and communications scholar (1911–1980)
on a continuum: they are more correctly measured on a scale than as dichotomous terms. Some theorists have attacked McLuhan's definition and treatment
Marshall_McLuhan
manic-depression, represent symptoms of an underlying disease process, which is dichotomous in nature; i.e. a given subject either does or does not have the disease
Anomalous_experiences
Class of animals with milk-producing glands
College Publishing. ISBN 978-0-03-025034-7. OCLC 42285340. The Wikibook Dichotomous Key has a page on the topic of: Mammalia Wikisource has the text of the
Mammal
German-American evolutionary biologist (1904–2005)
Star Mountains of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, with a revised dichotomous key to the genus" (PDF). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology
Ernst_Mayr
Historical period of Western classical music
composers such as John Dowland and Adrian Le Roy were already thinking of a dichotomous melody and bass, filled in not with counterpoint but with chords
Transition from Renaissance to Baroque in instrumental music
Transition_from_Renaissance_to_Baroque_in_instrumental_music
Christian doctrine concerning biblical covenants
Catholic ex-priest James Carroll, accepting Jesus's divinity was, for Paul, dichotomous with being a Jew. His personal conversion and his understanding of the
Supersessionism
Distinct territorial body or political entity
different from one [place] to the next as to be impossible to fold into a dichotomous opposition as they are into a promiscuous fusion." Areas much smaller
Country
Austrian-British psychoanalyst (1882–1960)
paranoid-schizoid position is characterized by splitting the self and other into dichotomous good and evil with little ability to integrate the two or to recognize
Melanie_Klein
South Korean singer and actress (1994–2019)
affected her personally as she was often the target of online abuse for her dichotomous[clarification needed] public image. She expressed her hope that people
Sulli
Christian theology
thought, in form and content, swayed decisively the decision for the dichotomous view of man. Heard says, "the authority of Augustine decided the course
Tripartite_(theology)
American psychologist (1908–1970)
aftermath of Kuhn's Structure, but he also offered a strikingly similar dichotomous structure of science 16 years before the first edition of Structure,
Abraham_Maslow
Study of collection and analysis of data
often be loosely correlated with data type in computer science, in that dichotomous categorical variables may be represented with the Boolean data type,
Statistics
Use of violence to achieve political or ideological aims
active in recent times, the ANC perhaps represents best the traditional dichotomous view of armed struggle. Once regarded by western governments as a terrorist
Terrorism
Medical condition
approaches are not based on identifying distinct categories of disorder using dichotomous symptom profiles intended to separate the abnormal from the normal. There
Mental_disorder
Phylum of invertebrate animals
46558. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mollusca. The Wikibook Dichotomous Key has a page on the topic of: Mollusca The Living World of Molluscs
Mollusca
Kingdom of organisms
Bibcode:2001Taxon..50..345P. doi:10.2307/1223885. JSTOR 1223885. The Wikibook Dichotomous Key has a page on the topic of: Plantae Index Nominum Algarum Interactive
Plant
One's internal beliefs about oneself
self-peers, home parents and school academic. With each item scored using a dichotomous scale, scores rage from 0 to 50, with higher scores reflecting higher
Self-concept
Theory aiming to explain cultural differences based on perceived collective danger
considered the opposite condition to the regal condition, which suggests a dichotomous structure. There is little to no expected, perceived, or real collective
Regality_theory
Buddhist epistemological theory
to bridge the gap between what the Buddhists saw as the ontologically dichotomous entities of the particular (svalakṣaṇa) and the universal (sāmānyalakṣaṇa)
Apoha
Study of mental functions and behaviors
of traumatic events. Meanwhile, behaviorist researchers used simple dichotomous models (pleasure/pain, reward/punishment) and well-established principles
Psychology
Political and religious ideology
rights of Jews interfaith dialogue, since it views the world in starkly dichotomous terms" The Reformed Church in America at its 2004 General Synod found
Christian_Zionism
Nigerian poet, anthropologist, and essayist
discourse, did not exist in Africa before the colonial imposition of a dichotomous understanding of sexual difference. Her book of theoretical essays, Reinventing
Ifi_Amadiume
Renaissance art in Florence
end of the 16th. This new figurative language was linked to a new way of thinking about humankind and the world around it, based on the local culture and
Florentine_Renaissance_art
1993 play by Tom Stoppard
because the sun has been extinguished. The play's end brings all these dichotomous themes together, showing that while things may appear to contradict –
Arcadia_(play)
Political ideology advocating traditional morals and social order
worldviews upon which they are based have been widely criticized as falsely dichotomous and ahistorical by historians and philosophers for ignoring both the
Traditionalist_conservatism
Japanese singer-songwriter
should destroy that structure,' as a way of overturning the dichotomous way of thinking that had been prevalent in Western philosophy up to that point
Haru_Nemuri
Philosophical view that consiousness is a ubiquitous feature of reality
qualia, only in a very surprising place". Neutral monists reject such dichotomous views of mind-body interaction. The combination problem (which is related
Panpsychism
Fictional character from Doctor Who and Torchwood
themselves", consequently "The world of Torchwood is depicted, not as the dichotomous "us" (or United States) and "other" of Jack Bauer's 24, but as the omnipolitical
Jack_Harkness
Organized Italian crime syndicate
product is protection through intimidation. The reputation of a mafioso is dichotomous: he is either a good protector or a bad one; there is no mediocrity.
Sicilian_Mafia
Period of sociopolitical turmoil in China (1966–1976)
struggle between revolutionary and reactionary forces in a stark and dichotomous manner. Other literary trends during the period included the integration
Cultural_Revolution
Book by Herbert Simon
One analysis notes differences in Storing's and Simon's styles of thinking ("dichotomous" versus "synthetic"), levels of abstraction, and "assumed 'goodness'
Administrative_Behavior
Mental disorder
obsessions frequent among younger individuals with OCD. These act as a dichotomous tool to evaluate whether obsessions and compulsions are present or absent
Obsessive–compulsive_disorder
Approach of psychological scientific study
that account for observed differences. Emotions cannot be categorized dichotomously into positive and negative; emotions are subjective and rich in social/relational
Positive_psychology
Taxonomy of mammals
doi:10.1126/science.1123026. PMID 16497926. S2CID 46067702. The Wikibook Dichotomous Key has a page on the topic of: Mammalia Nowak, Ronald M. (1999) Walker's
Mammal_classification
American psychologist (1916–2001)
is also quite general and can be applied universally - for example: dichotomously scored multiple-choice items or polytimous attitude scales. As Cronbach's
Lee_Cronbach
To make something sexual in character
problems in regards to the sexualization of Black girls, completely dichotomous to the sexualization of Black girls is the infantilization of Black women
Sexualization
Social and linguistic theory of politeness
a new trichotomous politeness system to replace politeness theory's dichotomous politeness system; hierarchy politeness The proposed system is made up
Politeness_theory
Part of classification of expertise
embodied and knowledge that is formally and explicitly articulated. In this dichotomous formulation, knowledge exists either as codified rules and facts or as
Interactional_expertise
Form of causal modeling that fit networks of constructs to data
appears in the model (e.g. endogenous dichotomous variables create more estimation difficulties than exogenous dichotomous variables). Most SEM programs provide
Structural_equation_modeling
Social-cultural system
this tradition, even when downgraded culturally, is formative of the dichotomous Western view of religion. That is, the basic structure of theism is essentially
Religion
Order of insects including moths and butterflies
ISBN 1-55297-612-2. Wikispecies has information related to Lepidoptera. The Wikibook Dichotomous Key has a page on the topic of: Lepidoptera Wikimedia Commons has media
Lepidoptera
Umbrella term for gender-variant Indigenous North Americans
limiting, because they are based on Western language and ideas rooted in a dichotomous relationship between gender, sex, and sexuality. This language barrier
Two-spirit
Foundational text on botanical taxonomy
Excluded Middle (everything is either A or not A) used as the basis for dichotomous keys used in plant identification. Stearn, William T. (1992) [1966].
Philosophia_Botanica
2008 novel by Chris Cleave
Cleave likes both titles, believing that The Other Hand "speaks to the dichotomous nature of the novel, with its two narrators and two worlds", also referencing
The_Other_Hand
Academic field of study in international politics
weapons to examine the way in which discourses are shaped by underlying dichotomous views of masculinity and femininity. This perspective is then applied
Feminism in international relations
Feminism_in_international_relations
Perspective within feminism
wrote in her foundational piece "Radical Feminism" (1969): The first dichotomous division of this mass [mankind] is said to have been on the grounds of
Radical_feminism
Procedure and discipline in various fields
Production phase Use phase Disposal phase Each phase is explained with two dichotomous categories of tangible products to show differences in prioritizing design
Design_for_X
Use of technology in education to enhance learning and teaching
with an overly simplistic reduction in our discourse to the supposedly dichotomous notions of the "making" versus the "uses" of new technologies and that
Educational_technology
2003 book by Stephen Jay Gould
Second Look and acknowledges that the original motivating assumption of "dichotomous parsing of intellectual life into contrarian literary and scientific
The Hedgehog, the Fox, and the Magister's Pox
The_Hedgehog,_the_Fox,_and_the_Magister's_Pox
How cultures reflect and shape their psychology
This is not to imply that collectivism and individualism are completely dichotomous, but these two cultural orientations are to be understood more so as
Cultural_psychology
whether they could complete a specific task related to computers using a dichotomous yes/no scale. Following this answer, participants were then asked to
Technological_self-efficacy
Phenomena not subject to the laws of nature
use natural and supernatural explanations in a mutually exclusive or dichotomous fashion. Instead, the reconciliation of natural and supernatural explanations
Supernatural
Elizabethan play by Thomas Dekker
suggesting that the differences between citizen and noble life are not dichotomous. Scholars have argued that the physical work of women in The Shoemaker's
The_Shoemaker's_Holiday
Societal transition away from religion
not think of natural and supernatural explanations as antagonistic or dichotomous, but instead see them as coexisting and complementary. The reconciliation
Secularization
Book by Carl Linnaeus
Excluded Middle (everything is either A or not A) used as the basis for dichotomous keys used in plant identification. Full view and pdf download Stearn
Critica_Botanica
not think of natural and supernatural explanations as antagonistic or dichotomous, but instead see them as coexisting and complementary. The reconciliation
Relationship between science and religion
Relationship_between_science_and_religion
1995 film by Joseph Nobile
the viewer is left to empathize with both characters who assume the dichotomous roles of both hero and villain. Almost immediately, the perceptive viewer
Closer_to_Home_(film)
Estimation of risk associated with exposure to a given set of hazards
concentration (RfC) are used to describe the safe level of exposure in a dichotomous fashion. Newer ways of communicating the risk is the probabilistic risk
Risk_assessment
Ethnic group
prior to this [20th] century, Chinese society there is in some degree dichotomous today. In one sector of the society, adults as well as children are Indonesia-born
Chinese_Indonesians
Degree to which a system's components may be separated and recombined
be manifest in some degree, and that modularity itself is also not a dichotomous construct—something may be more or less modular: "One would thus expect—what
Modularity
American psychologist (1920–2003)
across distributions of indicator variables to create subsamples using dichotomous splits. Then, several metrics can be applied to assess if the candidate
Paul_E._Meehl
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