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Digital communications algorithm
form of instantaneous companding. The best-known encoding laws are the μ-law and A-law encoding laws defined in the ITU-T standard G.711 for use in digital
Encoding_law
System of enforceable rules
influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history, and society in various ways
Law
Audio companding algorithm
μ-law. The μ-law algorithm may be described in an analog form and in a quantized digital form. For a given input x, the equation for μ-law encoding is
Mu-law_algorithm
Simple audio file format
format now supports many audio encoding formats, it remains associated with the μ-law logarithmic encoding. This encoding was native to the SPARCstation
Au_file_format
Standard RGB color space
version IEC 61966-2-1:1999, introducing the sYCC encoding for YCbCr color spaces, an extended-gamut RGB encoding bg-sRGB, and a CIELAB transformation. Daniele
SRGB
Audio companding in communications
reason for this encoding is that the wide dynamic range of speech does not lend itself well to efficient linear digital encoding. A-law encoding effectively
A-law_algorithm
Image luminance mapping function
{\displaystyle \gamma <1} is sometimes called an encoding gamma, and the process of encoding with this compressive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma compression;
Gamma_correction
Decipher Decode Decrypt DECT Standard Cipher Descrambler Dncipher Encode Encoding law Encrypt End-to-end encryption group IMSI-catcher – an eavesdropping
List of telecommunications encryption terms
List_of_telecommunications_encryption_terms
Character encoding used on NeXT workstations
The NeXT character set (often aliased as NeXTSTEP encoding vector, WE8NEXTSTEP or next-multinational) was used by the NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP operating systems
NeXT_character_set
Attempts to block certain educational content for students
place in state legislatures; Idaho, Utah, Tennessee, and Oklahoma have encoded laws that specifically relate to educational research databases. Several states
Censorship of educational research databases
Censorship_of_educational_research_databases
Italian software company
algorithms to encode the telephonic speech signal and set-up the European regulation CCITT known as encoding A-law (8-bit logarithm encoding law "A" for audio
Loquendo
Compact encoding of digital data
data compression, source coding, or bit-rate reduction is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation. Any particular
Data_compression
Bus encoding refers to converting/encoding a piece of data to another form before launching on the bus. While bus encoding can be used to serve various
Bus_encoding
Truncated binary encoding is an entropy encoding typically used for uniform probability distributions with a finite alphabet. It is parameterized by an
Truncated_binary_encoding
Typographical symbol (™)
Trademark law – International laws Australian trademark law Canadian trademark law Chinese trademark law British trademark law United States trademark law Indian
Trademark_symbol
Lossy audio coding technique
Sun's Au file format for sound is a popular example of mu-law encoding. Using 8-bit mu-law encoding would cut the per-channel bitrate of CD audio down to
Sub-band_coding
Writing system
Kurdish, and Moksha. Other character encoding systems for Cyrillic: CP866 – 8-bit Cyrillic character encoding established by Microsoft for use in MS-DOS
Cyrillic_script
transformations like Content-Encoding, matching exactly what travels across the network. [RFC 9110, permanent] The type of encoding used on the data. See HTTP
List_of_HTTP_header_fields
Standard for HDTV image encoding and signal characteristics
(ITU-R) for image encoding and signal characteristics of high-definition television (HDTV). The standard specifies a scheme for digital encoding of colors as
Rec._709
Character encoding for Unicode compatible with EBCDIC
UTF-EBCDIC is a character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid character code points in Unicode using 1 to 5 bytes (in contrast to a maximum
UTF-EBCDIC
with Encoding Detection". 10 April 2016. "SDL Documentation". Honerman, Tom (January 2, 2021). "Clarify guidance for use of a BOM as a UTF-8 encoding signature"
List_of_file_signatures
Indian-American microbiologist and academic administrator
Bartlett, Douglas H. (1997). "Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding single-stranded-DNA-binding protein (SSB) from four marine Shewanella strains
Lakshmi_Chilukuri
ITU-T recommendation
PCMU, G711u and G711MU are also used for G.711 μ-law, and PCMA and G711A for G.711 A-law. A-law encoding thus takes a 13-bit signed linear audio sample
G.711
Writing systems used for transcribing Hmongic languages
success, with villagers reporting that they had seen Pa Chai's script, encoded laws, and writing methods during the French colonial rule. It is unknown what
Hmong_writing
WIPO standard
In patent law, a kind code, or WIPO Standard ST.16 code, is a code used on patent documents published by intellectual property offices to distinguish
Kind_code
Files on Jeffrey Epstein and his affiliates
convert emails into the PDF format, the released files contain numerous encoding artifacts, such as the = sign. In November 2025, artist Riley Walz and
Epstein_files
Digital text encoding
(earlier it was known by FreeDOS as Code page 57781). Kamenický encoding Mazovia encoding "CWI-2". Computerworld Számítástechnika. 1.0. 3 (13). 1988-06-29
CWI-2
Markup language and file format
discussion that are novel in XML included the algorithm for encoding detection and the encoding header, the processing instruction target, the xml:space
XML
Lossy compression method for reducing the size of digital images
This encoding mode is called baseline sequential encoding. Baseline JPEG also supports progressive encoding. While sequential encoding encodes coefficients
JPEG
uncertainty (Hirchman uncertainty) entropy encoding entropy (information theory) Fisher information Hick's law Huffman coding information bottleneck method
Index of information theory articles
Index_of_information_theory_articles
Natural number
calculus and computability theory, natural numbers are represented by Church encoding as functions, where the Church numeral for 1 is represented by the function
1
Statistical law in machine learning
In machine learning, a neural scaling law is an empirical scaling law that describes how neural network performance changes as key factors are scaled
Neural_scaling_law
Digital representation of sampled analog signals
in contrast to PCM encodings in which quantization levels vary as a function of amplitude (as with the A-law algorithm or the μ-law algorithm). Though
Pulse-code_modulation
Brevity codes used by law enforcement
usually numerical or alphanumerical, used to transmit information between law enforcement over police radio systems in the United States. Examples of police
Police_radio_code
Character encoding of Latin script
to as Latin-1, is a character encoding in the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings. It encodes 191 characters from the Latin
ISO/IEC_8859-1
Type of machine learning model
embedding is associated with the integer index. Algorithms include byte-pair encoding (BPE) and WordPiece. There are also special tokens serving as control characters
Large_language_model
Library of multimedia codecs
only) MP2 MP3 (native decoder, encoding through LAME) Nellymoser Asao Codec in Flash Opus (native encoder and decoder, encoding through libopus) QCELP (decoding
Libavcodec
Sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
⟨f⟩, since English is a Germanic language and thus has undergone Grimm's law; a native English word with an initial /p/ would reflect Proto-Indo-European
P
2018 open and royalty-free video coding format
than VP9 and about 50% lower than x264 at similar visual quality, though encoding was much slower. Like VP9, but unlike H.264 (AVC) and H.265 (HEVC), AV1
AV1
Technique used to encode voices in telephony
is encoded as 8000 analog samples per second, of 8 bits each, giving a 64 kbit/s digital signal known as DS0. The default signal compression encoding on
Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation
Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation
Metadata standard in digital images
recorded by digital cameras. The specification uses the following existing encoding formats with the addition of specific metadata tags: JPEG lossy coding
Exif
Monetary symbol used in many national currencies
may have been specifically assigned, by law or custom, to a specific currency. The Unicode computer encoding standard defines a single code for both.
Dollar_sign
Petition to review age-of-consent laws
psychologists calling for reforms to or the abolition of the French age-of-consent law. A January 1977 petition published in Le Monde criticized the Affaire de
French petitions against age-of-consent laws
French_petitions_against_age-of-consent_laws
same as in binary encoding, but the Hamming distance in Gray encoding is always 1. Other encoding techniques include output-based encoding, MUSTANG, and NOVA
State_encoding_for_low_power
Census Bureau's Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER®) database. The boundaries of the states and
List of states and territories of the United States
List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States
AI regulation activist
consistently opposed federal preemption of state AI safety laws. In December 2024, Encode filed an amicus brief in Musk v. Altman to oppose the for-profit
Sneha_Revanur
Laws ruling electric bicycles
given in the code of the law and thus the court will have to consider a factor of conversion that is not directly encoded in the law. Industry standard conversion
Electric_bicycle_laws
Oral constitution of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy
Tuscarora) being added in 1722. The laws were first recorded and transmitted by means of wampum, shell-bead belts that encoded the message in a sequence of pictograms
Great_Law_of_Peace
University". owl.purdue.edu. Retrieved August 1, 2024. "Basic Legal Citation". www.law.cornell.edu. Retrieved June 13, 2025. Consolidated Listing of FAA Certificated
List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations
List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations
Guidelines and laws to regulate AI
practices and codes of conduct. (e.g., soft law principles). Prominent youth organizations focused on AI, namely Encode AI, have also issued comprehensive agendas
Regulation of artificial intelligence
Regulation_of_artificial_intelligence
Data item stored in a browser by a website
that prompted European and U.S. lawmakers to take action in 2011. European law requires that all websites targeting European Union member states gain "informed
HTTP_cookie
Multimedia framework
and ShutterEncoder. FFmpeg is used by ffdshow, FFmpegInterop, the GStreamer FFmpeg plug-in, LAV Filters and OpenMAX IL to expand the encoding and decoding
FFmpeg
Romanization scheme for Standard Chinese
has caused an issue where the input methods and font files use different encoding standards, and thus the input and output of both characters are mixed up
Pinyin
Computer security vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to the file system
decoding operations. "CAPEC-120: Double Encoding". capec.mitre.org. Retrieved 23 July 2022. This[double encoding] may allow the adversary to bypass filters
Directory_traversal_attack
UK government coding system
Law enforcement in the United Kingdom Law Courts Prisons Topics Agencies by jurisdiction England and Wales Northern Ireland Scotland police forces defunct
Self_defined_ethnicity
4401–4433 US Reserved in accordance with FAA Order JO 7110.67 (Federal Law Enforcement). 4434–4437 US Weather reconnaissance, as appropriate. 4440,4441
List_of_transponder_codes
2024 mobile operating system
automatically generated and visible at the top of the screen. Support for encoding and decoding the ISO 21496-1 gain map standard for HDR images was added
IOS_18
2021 film by Shawn Levy
letter to her from Keys: during the development of Life Itself, Keys had encoded what he knew about her tastes into an AI routine in the game, which was
Free_Guy
Universal encoding scheme for positive integers
Elias delta (δ) coding – Universal code encoding positive integers Elias omega (ω) coding – Universal code encoding positive integers Posit (number format) –
Elias_gamma_coding
Transmission of language with brief pulses
the single unofficial punctuation encoding SX ( ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄ ). Ampersand ( & ) The suggested unofficial encoding of the ampersand & sign listed above
Morse_code
Philosophical problem-solving principle
Interpreting this as minimising the total length of a two-part message encoding model followed by data given model gives us the minimum message length
Occam's_razor
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
of 2003. That law bans photographic child pornography and cartoon images and drawings of children that are obscene under American law. Sanger also expressed
Wikipedia
AI that generates content
Science & Business Media. Kingma, Diederik P.; Max Welling (2013). "Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes". arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6114. arXiv:1312.6114. Goodfellow
Generative_AI
Image-generating machine learning model
and image encodings inside its operations. This differs from previous versions of DiT, where the text encoding affects the image encoding, but not vice
Stable_Diffusion
Medical condition
and newborns started being tested if the mother was a carrier. In 2004, a law was passed requiring couples planning to marry to undergo free premarital
Sickle_cell_disease
Brevity codes used by a variety of US professionals
standardization of message traffic. They have historically been widely used by law enforcement officers in North America, but in 2006, due to the lack of standardization
Ten-code
Process in quantum computing
apply a unitary encoding circuit to rotate the global state into a subspace of a larger Hilbert space. This highly entangled, encoded state corrects for
Quantum_error_correction
Device or program that encodes/decodes audio data in some bitstream format
is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream (a codec) that encodes or decodes audio. In software, an audio codec
Audio_codec
Jamaican-British Marxist sociologist, cultural theorist, and activist (1932–2014)
of the encoding/decoding model of communication. The first way of encoding is the dominant (i.e. hegemonic) code. This is the code the encoder expects
Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)
Stuart_Hall_(cultural_theorist)
Part of the genetic makeup of a cell which determines one of its characteristics
reference allele a {\textstyle a} . The following table details the different encoding. Endophenotype Nucleic acid sequence Sequence (biology) "What is genotype
Genotype
Instructions a computer can execute
copyright law that vests the owner with the exclusive right to copy the code. The underlying ideas or algorithms are not protected by copyright law, but are
Software
American multinational software company
encrypted, such as email addresses and physical addresses, though data privacy laws in 44 states require this information to be encrypted. In late 2013 a 3.8
Adobe_Inc.
Technology made by American organization
certain issues encoding vocabulary with word tokens by using byte pair encoding. This permits representing any string of characters by encoding both individual
Products and applications of OpenAI
Products_and_applications_of_OpenAI
Public servant and a whistleblower from Papua New Guinea
motivated the Department of Labour and Industrial Relations (DLIR) to encode laws to clarify the administration of work visas. Nadile fostered collaboration
Rona_Nadile
Multimedia project
MP3 encoding can license the code from RealNetworks for a fee. There is also an add-on package for Helix DNA Producer SDK with AAC or aacPlus encoding support
Helix_(multimedia_project)
communication for a specialised set of people known as jurists. Encoding (semiotics) Encoding/decoding model of communication Models of communication Semiotic
Decoding_(semiotics)
1996) It Is So Beautiful To Be (Marlin, RCA, 1977) Point of Presence (N2K Encoded Music, 1997) The Hunter (MCA, 1983) Did You Feel That? (Warner Bros, 1994)
Steve_Gadd_discography
Country in North Africa
Mediterranean. Morocco is represented in the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 geographical encoding standard by the symbol MA. This code was used as the basis for Morocco's
Morocco
Dispute Over the Ownership of James Bond". Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal. 18: 387–436. Shprintz, Janet (29 March 1999). "Big Bond-holder"
List_of_James_Bond_films
storage) are also accepted, such as ProRes. YouTube provides recommended encoding settings. Each video is identified by an eleven-character case-sensitive
List_of_YouTube_features
EAS protocol used to activate ENDECs, weather-alert radios, and other devices
Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) is a protocol used for framing and classification of broadcasting emergency warning messages. It was developed by
Specific Area Message Encoding
Specific_Area_Message_Encoding
Time to make a decision as a result of the possible choices
the two marks on the paper gave the reaction time. Although the 4-bit encoding could represent up to 16 states (15 lamp positions plus "all clear"), Hick
Hick's_law
Digital watermark tracking code produced by many printers
codes became public only in 2004. In the mid-1980s, Xerox pioneered an encoding mechanism for a unique number represented by tiny dots spread over the
Printer_tracking_dots
Power spectrum of a noise signal
at both ends. Pink noise is the only power-law spectral density that has this property: all steeper power-law spectra are finite if integrated to the high-frequency
Colors_of_noise
Theorem in probability and statistics
In probability theory and statistics, the law of the unconscious statistician, or LOTUS, is a theorem which expresses the expected value of a function
Law of the unconscious statistician
Law_of_the_unconscious_statistician
Erroneous AI-generated content
slowed down BigLaw's AI bet. If anything, the industry is doubling down. — Fortune, May 12, 2026 The adoption of generative AI by law firms for legal
Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
Hallucination_(artificial_intelligence)
1956 psychology paper by George Miller on working memory capacity
short-term memory is 7 ± 2. This has occasionally been referred to as Miller's law. In his article, Miller discussed a coincidence between the limits of one-dimensional
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
The_Magical_Number_Seven,_Plus_or_Minus_Two
text in Nepal. The current digitization of this font follows the "Preeti" encoding and is not Unicode-compliant. Road UA [uk] (Example/Приклад) is used in
Traffic_signs_by_country
Web browser developed by Google
arXiv:2503.01000v2 [cs.CY]. Robins-Early, Nick (August 6, 2024). "Google broke law to maintain online search monopoly, US judge rules". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077
Google_Chrome
American commercial broadcast television network
other networks decode compressed satellite network video feeds and then re-encode them for final over-the-air transmission.[citation needed] After Fox began
Fox_Broadcasting_Company
Second letter of the Latin alphabet
(debitum, dubito, subtilis). As /b/ is one of the sounds subject to Grimm's Law, words which have ⟨b⟩ in English and other Germanic languages may find their
B
Data compression approach allowing perfect reconstruction of the original data
The adaptive encoding uses the probabilities from the previous sample in sound encoding, from the left and upper pixel in image encoding, and additionally
Lossless_compression
Romanian journalist and communist militant (1911–1988)
least a month. Upon his release, protected and housed by his brother-in-law, Colonel Zlotescu, Ivașcu requested to be integrated as a civil servant in
George_Ivașcu
Approach to understanding the human brain
connectivity between detection of salient stimuli as well as "self referential encoding" which results in "misidentification with neutral stimuli as well as a
Network_neuroscience
Founder of Islam (c. 570–632)
in his biography (sīrah), are also upheld and used as sources of Islamic law. Apart from Islam, Muhammad has received praise in Sikhism as an inspirational
Muhammad
Branch of legal informatics
Center for Law of the University of Amsterdam, is used by the governments of both the United Kingdom and the Netherlands to encode their laws. In the United
Computational_law
Computer technology
differential encoding algorithms include: Delta modulation quantizes and encodes differences between consecutive audio samples by encoding the derivative
Silence_compression
Country in East Asia
Cabinet to expand martial law to the whole nation, which had previously not applied to Jeju Island. The expanded martial law closed universities, banned
South_Korea
Results of Australian science fiction, fantasy and horror award
Mond, for reviews in Locus Gillian Polack, for Story Matrices: Cultural Encoding and Cultural Baggage in Science Fiction and Fantasy (Luna) Nominations
Ditmar_Award_results
Overview of the events of 2023 in science
Karthikesalingam, Alan; Natarajan, Vivek (26 December 2022). "Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge". arXiv:2212.13138 [cs.CL]. Langford, Aisha T.; Roberts
January–March_2023_in_science
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Endowing with Goodness; Purity
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Enjoying
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Arriving; Descending; Incoming
Biblical
endowed; endowing
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Danish, French, German, Latin, Portuguese
Fortunate; Enjoying Good Luck
Boy/Male
Indian
Ending
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Covering Enclosing
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bhaswath | பாஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤Â
Never ending, Eternal
Bhaswath | பாஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤Â
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
Never Ending
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
One Enjoying Prosperity
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Enjoying
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Enjoying Person
Boy/Male
Tamil
Never ending
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sriashwin | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®…à®·à¯à®µà®¿à®¨
A good ending
Sriashwin | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®…à®·à¯à®µà®¿à®¨
Boy/Male
Tamil
Never ending
Boy/Male
Hindu
Never ending
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Never Ending
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
A Good Ending
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Enjoying Merit
Girl/Female
Biblical
Endowed, endowing.
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
Boy/Male
Celtic American Gaelic Irish
White.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Lord of Lords
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Indian, Irish, Jamaican, Teutonic
Bright Mind; Bright in Mind and Spirit; Intelligent; Heart; Soul; Mind; Spirit
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dhruvish | தà¯à®°à¯à®µà¯€à®·Â
Derived from Dhruv pole
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Ancient Guru
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Meditation
Biblical
toward the idol, or with Baal
Boy/Male
Irish
The name could come from “â€passionate, vehementâ€â€ or from nelâ€â€a cloud.â€â€ Niall of the Nine Hostages (read the legend) was a fourth-century king of Tara who gained the throne because of a test – he and his brothers had to enter the forest and find their own food and shelter. As time wore on they grew thirsty and approached a well guarded by a hideously ugly woman. Before she would allow them to have a drink she asked for a kiss. Only Niall agreed and when he had kissed her she was transformed into the most beautiful woman on earth and in turn she granted him sovereignty of Erin.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
One who Lives a Peaceful Life
Male
Finnish
Short form of Finnish Topias, TOPI means "God is good."
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
ENCODING LAW
a.
Ending in a point.
a.
Coming in; accruing.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Endow
a.
Coming in, succeeding, or following, as occupant or possessor; as, in incoming tenant.
a.
Enjoying; possessing.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Enjoy
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Erode
a.
Ending in a point.
n.
Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion; destruction; death.
a.
Eroding, or eating into, limestone.
a.
Final; conclusive; ending.
n.
Termination; ending.
n.
Conclusion; cessation; ending; end.
n.
An end or ending.
n.
Termination; ending.
n.
The act of coming in; arrival.
n.
The final syllable or letter of a word; the part joined to the stem. See 3d Case, 5.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of End
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Encore
n.
Income; gain.