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Changing of names from other languages into Estonian
early 20th century. The Estonianization of names stopped almost completely after the Soviet occupation and annexation of Estonia in 1940. Paul Berg → Paul
Estonianization
Country in Northern Europe
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland
Estonia
Schneider. After Estonia gained independence due to the collapse of the Russian Empire, the government carried out the campaign of Estonianization of surnames
Estonian_name
Topics referred to by the same term
region in northern Europe Estonians, people from Estonia, or of Estonian descent Estonian language Estonian cuisine Estonian culture All pages with titles
Estonian
Finnic ethnic group
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily Estonia. Estonians
Estonians
Finnic language
Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsʲti ˈkeːl] ) is a Finnic language and the official language of Estonia. It is written in the Latin script and is the first language
Estonian_language
Soviet republic from 1940 to 1991
The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (Estonian SSR, ESSR), also known as Soviet Estonia, was a de facto administrative subunit (union republic) of the
Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic
Town in Harju County, Estonia
Keila (Estonian: Keila) is a town and an urban municipality in Harju County in north-western Estonia, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Tallinn. As of 2025,
Keila
Sport plays an important role in Estonian culture. Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee
Sport_in_Estonia
Car-passenger ferry sunk in the Baltic Sea in 1994
MS Estonia was a car-passenger ferry built in 1980 for the Finnish shipping company Rederi Ab Sally by Meyer Werft, in Papenburg, West Germany. She was
MS_Estonia
Men's association football team
The Estonia men's national football team (Estonian: Eesti Jalgpallikoondis) represents Estonia in international football matches and is controlled by the
Estonia national football team
Estonia_national_football_team
War between Estonia and Soviet Russia in 1918–1920
The Estonian War of Independence, also known as the Estonian Liberation War, and War of Freedom in Estonia, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army
Estonian_War_of_Independence
Estonian neopaganism, or the Estonian native faith, spans various contemporary revivals of the indigenous religion of the Estonian people, adapted from
Estonian_neopaganism
The demographics of Estonia in the 21st century result from historical trends over more than a thousand years, as with most European countries, but have
Demographics_of_Estonia
Estonian statesman and president (1874–1956)
and the infrastructure, industry, and education were developed. The Estonianization of personal names was supported, the most prominent example being Minister
Konstantin_Päts
Association football club in Estonia
simply Trans, is an Estonian professional football club based in Narva that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. Although
JK_Narva_Trans
This is a list of notable people from Estonia, or of Estonian ancestry. Andres Alver (born 1953) Dmitri Bruns (1929–2020) Karl Burman (1882–1965) Eugen
List_of_Estonians
The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe. Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the
History_of_Estonia
Country in Northern Europe
region of northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east
Latvia
Ethnic Russians living in Estonia
disinformation Russification Estonianization Estonians in Russia "Rv067: Population by Ethnic Nationality and Sex, 1 January". Russians of Estonia are known in Russian:
Russians_in_Estonia
Nordic filled breads
is a traditional sweet roll made in various forms in Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, and Latvia, associated with
Semla
1994 maritime disaster on Baltic Sea
MS Estonia, a cruiseferry operated by Estline, sank on Wednesday, 28 September 1994, between about 00:50 and 01:50 CEST (UTC+2) as the ship was crossing
Sinking_of_the_MS_Estonia
First-level administrative subdivisions of Estonia
The counties of Estonia (maakond) are the state administrative subdivisions of Estonia. Estonian territory is composed of 15 counties, including 13 on
Counties_of_Estonia
Estonian art is art that comes from Estonia, from Estonian artists or art pieces relating to Estonia. Starting from prehistoric art, there are no caves
Estonian_art
Telecommunications in Estonia describes the infrastructure, market, and regulatory environment for telecommunication services in the country. Since regaining
Telecommunications_in_Estonia
Cannabis in Estonia is illegal, but possession of up to 7.5 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts
Cannabis_in_Estonia
Estonian Academy of Arts (Eesti Kunstiakadeemia), Tallinn Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre (Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia), Tallinn Estonian
List of universities in Estonia
List_of_universities_in_Estonia
The national flag of Estonia (Eesti lipp) is a tricolour featuring three equal horizontal bands of blue at the top, black in the middle, and white at
Flag_of_Estonia
This is a list of supermarket chains in Estonia. Based on the reports for the 2020 financial year, the market leader was Coop Eesti with 24.4 percent
List of supermarket chains in Estonia
List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Estonia
Estonian mythology is a complex of myths belonging to the Estonian folk heritage and literary mythology. Information about the pre-Christian and medieval
Estonian_mythology
Football tournament held between the national teams of Baltic states
The Baltic Cup (Estonian: Balti turniir, Latvian: Baltijas kauss, Lithuanian: Baltijos taurė) is an international football competition contested by the
Baltic_Cup_(football)
the Estonian Defence League List of active Estonian Navy ships List of Estonian Navy ships Estonian Air Force Equipment List of historic Estonian Air
List of equipment of the Estonian Defence Forces
List_of_equipment_of_the_Estonian_Defence_Forces
The following is a list of the 47 cities and towns in Estonia. Before the Republic of Estonia became an independent nation in 1918, many of these locations
List of cities and towns in Estonia
List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Estonia
Capital and largest city of Estonia
Tallinn is the capital and most populous city of Estonia. Located on a bay in northern Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea
Tallinn
Estonian footballer (born 1985)
October 1985) is an Estonian former professional footballer who played as a defender. He is regarded as one of the greatest Estonian footballers of all
Ragnar_Klavan
Christian organization based in Estonia
Estonian Methodist Church (formerly also United Methodist Church in Estonia; Estonian: Eesti Metodisti Kirik) is a Methodist church organisation in Estonia
Estonian_Methodist_Church
An election for the Members of the European Parliament from Estonia as part of the 2024 European Parliament election took place on 9 June. Early voting
2024 European Parliament election in Estonia
2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia
Gambling in Estonia is relatively young. While Estonia was a part of the USSR, all types of gambling activities were banned. Despite the prohibition, illegal
Gambling_in_Estonia
Estonian footballer
(Estonian: [ˈkɑrol mets]; born 16 May 1993) is an Estonian professional footballer who plays as a centre back or defensive midfielder for the Estonia national
Karol_Mets
Television in Estonia was introduced in 1955, following the Soviet government's decision to establish a television station in 1953. The National television
Television_in_Estonia
final legislature of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic's legislative chamber
List of members of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia, 1990–1992
List_of_members_of_the_Supreme_Council_of_the_Republic_of_Estonia,_1990–1992
Estonia has an advanced developed economy. It is a member of the European Union, the eurozone, and the OECD. The economy is heavily influenced by developments
Economy_of_Estonia
number of war crimes trials were held during the Soviet occupation of Estonia (1944–1991). The best-known trial was brought in 1961, by the Soviet authorities
War crimes trials in Soviet Estonia
War_crimes_trials_in_Soviet_Estonia
Political party in Estonia
Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives (Estonian: Eesti Rahvuslased ja Konservatiivid, abbr. ERK) is a nationalist political party in Estonia founded
Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives
Estonian_Nationalists_and_Conservatives
The Estonian Air Force had more than 130 aircraft in the middle of the 1930s. Estonian engineers had previously designed and constructed several trainer
List of historic Estonian Air Force aircraft
List_of_historic_Estonian_Air_Force_aircraft
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Estonia, estonia, Estónia, or Estônia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Estonia is a country in Northern Europe. The same country, or larger
Estonia_(disambiguation)
Estonian linguist (1880–1973)
December [O.S. 26 November] 1880 – 18 March 1973) was an Estonian linguist and innovator of the Estonian language. Aavik was born at the Nurga farm in Randvere
Johannes_Aavik
films produced in Estonia and in the Estonian language in chronological order. List of Estonian films made in Governorate of Estonia and Governorate of
List of Estonian films before 1991
List_of_Estonian_films_before_1991
Vassal state of the Holy See
the Livonian Crusade, and its territories were composed of present-day Estonia and Latvia. It was established on 2 February 1207, as a principality of
Terra_Mariana
Former currency of Estonia
The kroon (sign: KR; code: EEK) was the official currency of Estonia for two periods in history: 1928–1940 and 1992–2011. Between 1 January and 14 January
Estonian_kroon
Head of state of Estonia
president of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi President) is the head of state of the Republic of Estonia. The current president is Alar
President_of_Estonia
County of Estonia
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast
Harju_County
This is an incomplete list of music festivals held yearly in Estonia: List of festivals in Estonia
List of music festivals in Estonia
List_of_music_festivals_in_Estonia
This is a list of the regions of the Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by Human Development Index as of 2023. List of countries by Human
List of regions of Baltic States by Human Development Index
List_of_regions_of_Baltic_States_by_Human_Development_Index
List of sports-related pages with the same or similar names
football team Estonia national under-19 football team Estonia national under-18 football team Estonia national under-17 football team Estonia national under-16
Estonia national youth football team
Estonia_national_youth_football_team
Unicameral legislature of Estonia
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition
Riigikogu
2020 Animated film
1962 children's book of the same name by Estonian children's author Eno Raud. On 5 June 2026, the Bank of Estonia issued a special 2-euro coin dedicated
Raggie
Mythical flower
mythology (Lithuanian: paparčio žiedas, Latvian: papardes zieds), in Estonian mythology (Estonian: sõnajalaõis) and in Slavic mythology (Ukrainian: цвіт папороті
Fern_flower
Finnish military unit mostly made up of Estonian volunteers during WW II
Estonian: Jalaväerügement 200, JR 200) or soomepoisid (Finnish Boys) was a unit in the Finnish army during World War II made up mostly of Estonian volunteers
Finnish_Infantry_Regiment_200
Finnic language spoken in South Estonia
South Estonian, or Võro-Seto, is a Finnic language spoken in south-eastern Estonia, encompassing the Tartu, Mulgi, Võro and Seto dialects. Diachronically
South_Estonian
Association football club in Estonia
simply as Flora, is an Estonian professional football club based in Tallinn that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. The club's
FC_Flora
Estonian football club
FC Viljandi was an Estonian football club from the town of Viljandi, that played in the Estonian Meistriliiga in 2011 and 2012. The club was created in
FC_Viljandi_(2011)
A municipality (Estonian: omavalitsus, plural omavalitsused) is the smallest administrative subdivision of Estonia. Each municipality is a unit of self-government
Municipalities_of_Estonia
The culture of Estonia combines an indigenous heritage, represented by the country's Finnic national language Estonian, with Nordic and German cultural
Culture_of_Estonia
Internet in Estonia has one of the highest penetration rates in the world. In the first quarter of 2010, 75% out of 1.34 million people in the country
Internet_in_Estonia
Branch of the Teutonic Order, 1237–1561
the expansion ambitions of the order in exchange for northern maritime Estonia. In 1242, the Livonian Order tried to take the city of Novgorod. However
Livonian_Order
Political party in Estonia
The Estonian Centre Party (Estonian: Eesti Keskerakond, EK) is a populist political party in Estonia. It was founded in 1991 as a direct successor of the
Estonian_Centre_Party
1919 elected organ of Estonia
The Estonian Constituent Assembly (Estonian: Asutav Kogu) was elected on 5–7 April 1919, called by the Estonian Provisional Government during the Estonian
Estonian_Constituent_Assembly
Armed forces of Estonia
The Estonian Defence Forces, EDF (Estonian: Eesti Kaitsevägi), is the unified military force of the Republic of Estonia. The Estonian Defence Forces consists
Estonian_Defence_Forces
in Estonia, known locally as the Mustlased or the Romad, are an Indo-Aryan people that represent a small minority population in Estonia. Estonian Roma
Romani_people_in_Estonia
12th–13th century Baltic Christianisation campaign
military Christianisation campaigns in medieval Livonia – modern Latvia and Estonia – during the Papal-sanctioned Northern Crusades in the 12th–13th century
Livonian_Crusade
Estonia uses Eastern European Time (EET) (UTC+02:00) during winter, and Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) (UTC+03:00) during summer. Estonia has observed
Time_in_Estonia
Northern region of the European continent
this, the Finnic languages of Finnish and Estonian are the most common first languages of Finland and Estonia respectively. The Baltic languages of Lithuanian
Northern_Europe
Estonian football club
simply Paide, is an Estonian professional football club based in Paide that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. The club's
Paide_Linnameeskond
Sofia Urban Mobility Center. 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2014. "Atlas Estonia (ee)". Svenska Spårvägssällskapet [Swedish Tramway Society]. Retrieved
List of town tramway systems in Europe
List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_Europe
list of major waterfalls in Estonia. "Aluoja Waterfalls". Baltic Trails. Retrieved 2026-06-28. "East Viru Klint". North Estonian Klint. GeoTrails; Environmental
List_of_waterfalls_in_Estonia
Symphony orchestra in Tallinn, Estonia
The Estonian National Symphony Orchestra (Estonian: Eesti Riiklik Sümfooniaorkester [ERSO]) (formerly known as the Symphony Orchestra of the Estonian Radio
Estonian National Symphony Orchestra
Estonian_National_Symphony_Orchestra
1796–1917 unit of Russia
The Governorate of Estonia, also known as the Esthonia (Estland) Governorate, was a province (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian
Governorate_of_Estonia
1988–1991 breakup of the sovereign state
union republics that served as the homelands of different ethnic groups. Estonia was the first union republic to declare state sovereignty on 16 November
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Sport where men carry women through an obstacle track
practised: a classic piggyback, a fireman's carry (over the shoulder), or the Estonian‑style (the 'wife' upside‑down on the carrier's back, with her legs over
Wife-carrying
September 2003 to decide whether Estonia should join the European Union (EU). Just over two-thirds of voters voted Yes and Estonia joined the EU on 1 May 2004
2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum
2003_Estonian_European_Union_membership_referendum
Estonian political party
The Estonian Radical Democratic Party (Estonian: Eesti Radikaal-Demokraatlik Erakond, ERDE) was a political party in Estonia. The party had its roots in
Estonian Radical Democratic Party
Estonian_Radical_Democratic_Party
airfields in Estonia. Airport names shown in bold indicate the facility has scheduled passenger service on a commercial airline. Transport in Estonia List of
List_of_airports_in_Estonia
Estonia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 with the song "Partners in Crime", composed by Berit Veiber, with lyrics by Hendrik Sal-Saller
Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007
Estonia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2007
Religion in Estonia (2021 census) No religion (58.6%) Eastern Orthodoxy (16.3%) Lutheranism (7.70%) Other Christians (2.70%) Islam (0.50%) Estonian Neopaganism
Religion_in_Estonia
The 1929 Estonian Football Championship was the 9th official football league season in Estonia. Six teams, five from Tallinn and one from Tartu, took
1929 Estonian Football Championship
1929_Estonian_Football_Championship
Government agency of Estonia
Post-Communist Estonia". Language Policy. 5 (s). Springer: 161–186. doi:10.1007/s10993-006-9004-9. S2CID 145589479. Rannut, Mart (2008). "Estonianization Efforts
Language_Inspectorate
International football competition
Soviet Union. The league consisting of 18 clubs from the Lithuania SSR, Estonian SSR, the Latvian SSR and a special invitee FC Progress Cherniakhovsk from
1990_Baltic_League
Family name
Oja is an Estonian and Finnish surname of Laine type meaning "stream" and "brook" in both languages, as well as "ditch" in Finnish. As of 2019, there were
Oja_(surname)
Battle of World War II
Russian: Битва за линию «Танненберг») or the Battle of the Blue Hills (Estonian: Sinimägede lahing) was a military engagement between the German Army Detachment
Battle_of_Tannenberg_Line
Since 1991 Estonia has changed from being a former Soviet republic to a member of the European Union and the European Monetary Union, making a rapid transformation
Mass_media_in_Estonia
Operation Barbarossa, Nazi Germany invaded Estonia in July–December 1941, and occupied the country until 1944. Estonia had gained independence in 1918 from
German occupation of Estonia during World War II
German_occupation_of_Estonia_during_World_War_II
Traditional Estonian cuisine has substantially been based on meat and potatoes, and on fish in coastal and lakeside areas. However, it now shows influences
Estonian_cuisine
to the next Estonian parliamentary election, various organisations are carrying out opinion polling to gauge voting intentions in Estonia. Results of
Opinion polling for the next Estonian parliamentary election
Opinion_polling_for_the_next_Estonian_parliamentary_election
Ancient Estonian county
Soopoolitse was a small landlocked ancient Estonian county in the eastern part of the territory of Estonia. Livonian Crusade Kuidas elasid inimesed vanasti
Soopoolitse
River in Estonia
The Pärnu (Estonian: Pärnu jõgi) is a river in Estonia. It drains into Pärnu Bay, which is an inlet of the Gulf of Riga. At 144 km, it is one of the longest
Pärnu_(river)
The Republic of Estonia gained its independence from the Russian Empire on 24 February 1918 and established diplomatic relations with many countries via
Foreign_relations_of_Estonia
12th- and 13th-century crusades around the Baltic Sea
Europe commissioned forays into territories that comprised modern-day Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Russia. The indigenous populations
Northern_Crusades
Village in Estonia
Võlsi is a village in Võru Parish, Võru County in Estonia. Classification of Estonian administrative units and settlements 2014[dead link] (retrieved
Võlsi
The Catholic Church in Estonia (Estonian: Katoliku kirik Eestis) is the national branch of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership
Catholic_Church_in_Estonia
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
Girl/Female
Muslim
Learned, Scholar
Girl/Female
Greek American
Loving. Can also be a Leafy foliage; green bough.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Boy/Male
Hindu
Joy, Delight
Girl/Female
English
Abbreviation of Cynthia and Lucinda.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Happy, Very pleasing
Girl/Female
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Christian, English
Chalk Port; Landing Place; Port
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Beautiful Lady
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada
Human Being Behavior
Girl/Female
Hindu
Someone who is concerned about the welfare (Hita) of others, Indian
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION