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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 8, also known as EXOSC8, is a human gene, the protein product of which is part of the exosome complex. Exosome component 8 has been shown
Exosome_component_8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
component 6 has been shown to interact with Exosome component 7,Exosome component 8 and Exosome component 1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000223496 –
Exosome_component_6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 5, also known as EXOSC5, is a human gene, which is part of the exosome complex. Biallelic pathogenic variation in EXOSC5 causes autosomal
Exosome_component_5
Protein found in humans
Exosome component 10, also known as EXOSC10, is a human gene, the protein product of which (sometimes called PM/Scl-100) is part of the exosome complex
Exosome_component_10
Protein complex that degrades RNA
The exosome complex (or PM/Scl complex, often just called the exosome) is a multi-protein intracellular complex capable of degrading various types of
Exosome_complex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 7, also known as EXOSC7, is a human gene, the protein product of which is part of the exosome complex. Exosome component 7 has been shown
Exosome_component_7
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 2, also known as EXOSC2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the EXOSC2 gene. Mammalian mRNAs contain AU-rich elements (AREs)
Exosome_component_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 4, also known as EXOSC4, is a human gene, which is part of the exosome complex. Exosome component 4 has been shown to interact with
Exosome_component_4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
encoded by the EXOSC1 gene. This gene encodes a core component of the exosome complex. The mammalian exosome is required for rapid degradation of AU rich element-containing
Exosome_component_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 3, also known as EXOSC3, is a human gene, which is part of the exosome complex. Mutations in EXOSC3 cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia
Exosome_component_3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Exosome component 9, also known as EXOSC9, is a human gene, the protein product of which (sometimes called RRP45 or PM/Scl-75) is part of the exosome
Exosome_component_9
Protein found in humans
which is involved in extracting mRNA from ribosomes and sending it to the exosome complex to be broken down. Unlike the other Ski complex members, Ski2 and
Superkiller_complex_protein_8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Brouwer R, Allmang C, Raijmakers R, et al. (2001). "Three novel components of the human exosome". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (9): 6177–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007603200
Exosome_RNA_helicase_MTR4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Y, Kurata S, Maru Y (2014). "ZFC3H1, a zinc finger protein, modulates IL-8 transcription by binding with celastramycin A, a potential immune suppressor"
Zinc finger C3H1-type containing
Zinc_finger_C3H1-type_containing
Enzyme found in humans
catalytic activity transaminase activity Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol extracellular exosome extracellular space Biological process L-alanine catabolic
Alanine_aminotransferase_1
Multiprotein and heterotrimeric complex
contact with various components of exosome, Mtr4p helps in proper addition of RNA substrates of TRAMP complex to nuclear exosome. The difference between
TRAMP_complex
Enzyme found in humans
damaged material. The RNA exosome multiprotein complex performs this function and is dependent on cofactors. The exosome was initially discovered in
Superkiller_complex_protein_2
Protein found in humans
The serum amyloid P component (SAP) is the identical serum form of the amyloid P component (AP), a 25 kDa pentameric protein first identified as the pentagonal
Serum_amyloid_P_component
Enzyme
glutathione reductase has been implicated in the oxidative burst, a component of the immune response. The oxidative burst is a defense mechanism in
Glutathione_reductase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
high level in liver and kidney as a major 2.5-kb transcript and a minor 3.8-kb transcript. Defects in the DPYS gene are linked to dihydropyrimidinuria
DPYS
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
goiters: study in a population from southeastern Spain". Arch Surg. 141 (2): 123–8. doi:10.1001/archsurg.141.2.123. PMID 16490887. Montes-Ares O, Moya-Quiles
HLA-C
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
prion form. In 2015 it was reported that the presence of this protein in exosomes in patients' blood is able to detect early pancreatic cancer with absolute
Glypican_1
Protein found in humans
to interact with CD44, CD49d, CD29 and CD49c. It also interacts with components of the mTORC1 complex. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000116977 – Ensembl
Galectin-8
Protein found in humans
involves complement component 2 protein attaching to complement component 4 protein to form the complement system. Complement component 4 is a protein involved
Complement_component_2
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
transporter activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane basolateral plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane azurophil granule
SLCO4C1
Protein found in humans
Complement component 1s (EC 3.4.21.42, C1 esterase, activated complement C1s, complement C overbar 1r, C1s) is a protein involved in the complement system
Complement_component_1s
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
consisted of 512 and 474 amino acids respectively. The β-2 subunit is a component of the ligand-gated chloride GABAA receptors which belongs to the Cys-loop
GABRB2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Major Glycoproteins of the Human Milk Fat Globule Membrane". Bioactive Components of Human Milk. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 501
MFGE8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Retrieved 2012-11-12. Wu H, Xu G, Li YP (May 2009). "Atp6v0d2 is an essential component of the osteoclast-specific proton pump that mediates extracellular acidification
ATP6V0D2
Enzyme found in humans, implicated in neuropathy
binding translation regulator activity Cellular component membrane mitochondrion extracellular exosome cytoplasm cytosol Biological process negative regulation
Alanine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Alanine–tRNA_ligase,_cytoplasmic
Protein-coding gene in humans
membrane, proteolytic cleavage generates either a free secretory component or a secretory component–pIg complex, which is released to the apical lumen. Cleavage
Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor
Polymeric_immunoglobulin_receptor
Protein-coding gene in humans
Tetraspanin-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TSPAN8 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily
TSPAN8
Enzyme found in humans
killing glioblastoma cancer stem cells with high efficiency". Oncotarget. 8 (68): 112662–74. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.22637. PMC 5762539. PMID 29348854
Acid_ceramidase
encodes one of the six subunits of type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The C-terminal portion of the protein, known as
Collagen,_type_IV,_alpha_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
double-stranded DNA binding protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm nucleosome extracellular exosome nucleolus nucleus chromosome female germ cell nucleus
H1FOO
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ontology Molecular function molecular function Cellular component extracellular region extracellular exosome extracellular space Biological process face morphogenesis
Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain-containing 1
Cysteine-rich_secretory_protein_LCCL_domain-containing_1
Addition of adenylic acids to 3' end of mature mRNA
mitochondria, plastids and as a constituent of the archaeal exosome (in those archaea that have an exosome). It can synthesise a 3′ extension where the vast majority
Polyadenylation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
VPS26, and VPS29 trimer forms the cargo recognition complex, a necessary component for the retromer's ability to regulate vesicular sorting. This is achieved
VPS35
Type of extracellular vesicle
to be larger, on average, than intracellularly-generated EVs known as exosomes. Microvesicles play a role in intercellular communication and can transport
Microvesicle
Vesicles found outside cells
200 nm. EVs can be divided according to size and synthesis route into exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. The composition of EVs varies depending
Extracellular_vesicle
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Molecular analysis of esterase D polymorphism". Hum. Genet. 93 (3): 255–8. doi:10.1007/BF00212018. PMID 7907313. S2CID 28243346. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song
ESD_(gene)
NcRNA found in eukaryotes
exoribonucleolytic degradation. Extended hTR transcripts are also degraded by the RNA exosome. The 5' ends of hTR transcripts are also additionally processed. TGS-1
Telomerase_RNA_component
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
dihydrolipoyl transacylase (E2) component of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex". Mol. Biol. Med. 8 (1): 49–63. PMID 1943690. Fregeau
DLST
Class of enzymes
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the overall chemical reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvic acid + reduced thioredoxin
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase
3-mercaptopyruvate_sulfurtransferase
Protein found in humans
transcription initiation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 262 (2): 505–8. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75806-2. PMID 3027054. Dean, Michael (2002-11-01)
P-glycoprotein
Protein found in humans
transporter sub-family C member 11, also MRP8 (Multidrug Resistance-Related Protein 8), is a membrane transporter that exports certain molecules from inside a cell
ABCC11
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, et al. (2002). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451–64. doi:10
KHSRP
Protein found in humans
cell types. Desmoglein 3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Currently, four desmoglein
Desmoglein-3
Protein found in humans
acid binding hormone receptor binding Cellular component cytosol lipid droplet extracellular exosome nucleus cytoplasm Biological process white fat cell
Adipocyte_protein_2
Protein-coding gene in humans
of the first component of complement. C1r and C1s associated with a lupus erythematosus-like disease". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 21 (8): 958–67. doi:10
Complement_component_1r
Mammalian protein involved in blood clotting
endopeptidase activity Cellular component Golgi lumen extracellular region endoplasmic reticulum lumen extracellular exosome extracellular space Biological
Protein_Z
Protein-coding gene in humans
postulated to mediate the TFIIH-dependent response to DNA damage as a component of the MMS19-XPD. Alternatively, suppressing the expression of this gene
ADP/ATP_translocase_2
Neurodegenerative disease caused by head injury
gait problems (problems with walking) seem to be early signs of CTEM. Exosome vesicles created by the brain are potential biomarkers of TBI, including
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Chronic_traumatic_encephalopathy
Protein-coding gene in Humans
vs. active), genetic predisposition—and even within only the genetic component it is rarely ever just one single gene that is the main cause for obesity
NPC1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
extracellular region myelin sheath cytoskeleton melanosome membrane extracellular exosome cytoplasm cytosol actomyosin bicellular tight junction cell junction Flemming
PDCD6IP
Protein-coding gene in humans
Matrix remodeling-associated protein 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MXRA8 gene. MXRA8 protein is a receptor for multiple arthritogenic
MXRA8
plasma membrane cell surface soma apical plasma membrane extracellular exosome plasma membrane Biological process positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation
Hepsin
Protein-coding gene in humans
binding cytochrome-c oxidase activity Cellular component mitochondrial inner membrane extracellular exosome membrane mitochondrion nucleus mitochondrial
COX4I1
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
associated with ischemic stroke: the cardiovascular health study". Stroke. 40 (2): 363–8. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.521328. PMC 2881155. PMID 19023099. v t e
TMPRSS11B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
The Joining (J) chain is a protein component that links monomers of antibodies IgM and IgA to form polymeric antibodies capable of secretion. The J chain
J_chain
Protein found in humans
repeats to bind complement. LHR-A binds preferentially to the complement component C4b: LHR-B and LHR-C bind to C3b and also, albeit with a lower affinity
Complement_receptor_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Integrin beta-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGB8 gene. This gene is a member of the integrin beta chain family and encodes a single-pass
Integrin_beta_8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1H gene. This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification
ATP6V1H
Protein-coding gene in humans
"The gene for the cell adhesion molecule M-cadherin maps to mouse chromosome 8 and human chromosome 16q24.1-qter and is near the E-cadherin (uvomorulin)
CDH15
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
dominant medullary cystic kidney disease". Journal of Nephrology. 16 (3): 321–8. PMID 12832729. Rindler MJ, Naik SS, Li N, Hoops TC, Peraldi MN (December
Uromodulin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S17P family of ribosomal
40S_ribosomal_protein_S11
phosphate isomerase (MPI), alternately phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) (EC 5.3.1.8) is an enzyme which facilitates the interconversion of fructose 6-phosphate
Mannose_phosphate_isomerase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta, also known as pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial or PDHE1-B is an enzyme that in humans is
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta
Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_(lipoamide)_beta
Protein found in humans
Complement component 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C6 gene. Complement component 6 is a protein involved in the complement system. It
Complement_component_6
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Golgi protein GP73 produces marker for hepatocellular carcinoma". Traffic. 8 (10): 1415–23. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00621.x. PMID 17662025. S2CID 27491613
GOLM1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is encoded by the ATP5PO gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the F-type ATPase found in the mitochondrial matrix. F-type ATPases
ATP5PO
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. The catalytic portion of mitochondrial
ATP5MF
Protein-coding gene in humans
the large FK506-binding protein FKBP51, an Hsp90-binding protein and a component of steroid receptor complexes". Proceedings of the National Academy of
FKBP5
Protein found in humans
as their common structural element. Collagen VI is a major structural component of microfibrils. The basic structural unit of collagen VI is a heterotrimer
Collagen,_type_VI,_alpha_1
Protein-coding gene in humans
involved in Caenorhabditis elegans vulval invagination are similar to components of a glycosylation pathway". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (3): 974–9
B3GAT3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Yong J, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Dreyfuss G (April 2000). "Gemin4: A Novel Component of the Smn Complex That Is Found in Both Gems and Nucleoli". J Cell Biol
Gem-associated_protein_4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Kinins V. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 247B. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9546-5_1 (inactive 12 July 2025). ISBN 978-1-4615-9548-9
Kallistatin
Protein found in humans
distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal phosphoprotein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein, which is a functional equivalent of the
60S acidic ribosomal protein P2
60S_acidic_ribosomal_protein_P2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Complement C4-A is a kind of the Complement component 4 protein that in humans is encoded by the C4A gene. This gene encodes the acidic form of complement
C4A
Protein found in humans
amino acids. Desmoglein-2 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate cells. Currently, four desmoglein subfamily
Desmoglein-2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
extracellular matrix structural constituent Cellular component extracellular matrix extracellular exosome extracellular space extracellular region collagen-containing
EFEMP1
Human protein-encoding gene
role in many cellular processes including exosome biogenesis. CD9 is commonly used as a marker for exosomes as it is contained on their surface. However
CD9
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
and a novel actor of DNA repair?". FEBS Lett. 446 (1): 6–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00173-8. PMID 10100603. S2CID 84807160. "Entrez Gene: ITIH1 inter-alpha
ITIH1
Protein found in the human body
1999). "Molecular cloning and characterization of human AOS1 and UBA2, components of the sentrin-activating enzyme complex". FEBS Letters. 448 (1): 185–9
NEDD8
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
43 (3): 321–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4827. PMID 9268635. "Entrez Gene: SERPINB8 serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 8". Hubberstey
SERPINB8
Protein found in humans
"Characterization of syntenin, a syndecan-binding PDZ protein, as a component of cell adhesion sites and microfilaments". Mol. Biol. Cell. 12 (2): 339–50
Syntenin-1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
hearing loss and epidermodysplasia verruciformis". Genomics. 82 (3): 300–8. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00154-X. PMID 12906855. Keresztes G, Mutai H, Heller
TMC6
Protein found in humans
structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L30P family of ribosomal
60S_ribosomal_protein_L7
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Characterization and molecular cloning of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein: a component of a complex necessary for pre-mRNA splicing". Genes & Development. 5
PTBP1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Rab27A binding domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (11): 9212–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112414200. PMID 11773082. Fukuda M, Mikoshiba K (March 2001)
SYTL1
Monovalent cation channel
channel activity Cellular component sarcoplasmic reticulum integral component of membrane nuclear membrane extracellular exosome membrane sarcoplasmic reticulum
TMEM38A
Protein-coding gene in humans
export pump". Pflügers Archiv. 453 (5): 611–620. doi:10.1007/s00424-006-0152-8. PMID 17051391. Zinchuk VS, Okada T, Akimaru K, Seguchi H (March 2002). "Asynchronous
ABCB11
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
trans-Golgi network clathrin-associated protein complex AP-1. The other components of this complex are beta-prime-adaptin, gamma-adaptin, and the small chain
AP1M1
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
detection and identification of EP-GP binding species". Biol. Chem. 378 (2): 83–8. doi:10.1515/bchm.1997.378.2.83. PMID 9088536. S2CID 23667673. Cassoni P,
Prolactin-induced_protein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
proteoglycan is a selectively enriched and widespread focal adhesion component". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5 (2): 183–192. doi:10.1091/mbc.5.2.183
Syndecan-4
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
MUC16 is thought to be cleaved at a site in the SEA modules. MUC16 is a component of the ocular surface (including the cornea and conjunctiva), the respiratory
Mucin-16
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
human translation initiation factor eIF3". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (48): 31901–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.31901. PMID 9822659. Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994).
EIF3H
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
methods used to isolate the BRCA1 gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 4 (8): 1259–66. doi:10.1093/hmg/4.8.1259. PMID 7581362. Friedman LS, Ostermeyer EA, Lynch ED, et al
VAT1
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
antibacterial host defense". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 64 (1). Wiley-Liss: 14–8. doi:10.1002/jlb.64.1.14. PMID 9665269. S2CID 36780757. Canny G, Levy O, Furuta
Bactericidal permeability-increasing protein
Bactericidal_permeability-increasing_protein
Protein-coding gene in humans
activity protein binding Cellular component extracellular exosome membrane integral component of membrane integral component of plasma membrane plasma membrane
PTPRD
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EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
EXOSOME COMPONENT-8
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