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Loss of genetic variation in a new population
In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of
Founder_effect
Concept in genetics
southern elephant seal, which were not so aggressively hunted. The founder effect is a special case of a population bottleneck, occurring when a small
Genetic_drift
Topics referred to by the same term
laminitis Founder effect, genetic effect of expansion of isolated small populations Founder (IRC), management status for Internet Relay Chat To founder (or
Founder
Evolutionary process
isolated from gene flow. One possible cause of genetic divergence is the founder effect, which is when a few individuals become isolated from their original
Genetic_divergence
DNA analysis of Arabian populations
brochures referenced above. Preface: The founder effect disease causing mutations where "The founder effect refers to the concept that a given gene appeared
Genetic_studies_on_Arabs
Total number of individuals in a defined group or area
the underlying cause of effects like population bottlenecks and the founder effect. Genetic drift is the major source of decrease of genetic diversity
Population_size
Austronesian ethnolinguistic group
population experienced a founder effect and genetic drift due to the small number of ancestors. As a result of the founder effect, Polynesians are distinctively
Polynesians
Animals that procreate a new breed
subsequent generations designated F2 and so on. Related concepts include: Founder effect - the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is
Foundation_stock
Non-technical overview of the subject of biological evolution
generations. One example of the founder effect is found in the Amish migration to Pennsylvania in 1744. Two of the founders of the colony in Pennsylvania
Introduction_to_evolution
Principle in genetics
gene flow, meiotic drive, genetic hitchhiking, population bottleneck, founder effect, inbreeding, and outbreeding depression. In the simplest case of a single
Hardy–Weinberg_principle
Science fiction media franchise
Mass Effect is a military science fiction media franchise created by Casey Hudson. The franchise depicts a distant future where humanity and several alien
Mass_Effect
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
and reaches its maximum frequency in the Dinaric Alps (Balkans) via founder effect, related to the migrations of the Early Slavs to the Balkan peninsula
Haplogroup_I-M438
Gene known for its role in breast cancer
to date have been inherited, suggesting the possibility of a large "founder" effect in which a certain mutation is common to a well-defined population
BRCA2
Marrying within a specific ethnic group, class, or social group
Assortative mating Consanguinity Ethnic nationalism Ethnoreligious group Founder effect Genealogical DNA test Interfaith marriage Jāti Miscegenation Cousin
Endogamy
Subregion of Oceania
larger than previously thought. The Polynesian population experienced a founder effect and genetic drift. The Polynesian may be distinctively different both
Polynesia
Reproduction by closely related organisms
population, all individuals can have this trait. This is called the founder effect. In the well established breeds, that are commonly bred, a large gene
Inbreeding
Statistically expected level of heterozygosity in a population
drift, founder effect, bottleneck, genetic hitchhiking, meiotic drive, mutation, gene flow, inbreeding, natural selection, or the Wahlund effect, but it
F-statistics
Genetic effect in animal breeding
generations through a phenomenon known as the founder effect. Diseases attributed to the popular sire effect include copper toxicosis in Bedlington Terriers
Popular_sire_effect
DNA analysis of Jewish populations
of these communities. The study also found evidence of the historic founder effect of Ashkenazi Jewry, with a third of the individuals sampled found to
Genetic_studies_of_Jews
Mode of speciation in evolutionary biology
1982. It is related to the founder effect, where small living populations may undergo selection bottlenecks. The founder effect is based on models that suggest
Peripatric_speciation
Ashkenazi Jewish ethnic subgroup
Gefilte Fish Line. The Lithuanian Jewish population may exhibit a genetic founder effect. The utility of these variations has been the subject of debate. One
Litvaks
Gene known for its role in breast cancer
to date have been inherited, suggesting the possibility of a large "founder" effect in which a certain mutation is common to a well-defined population
BRCA1
Vowel sound change
Tao; Hui Li (2012). "Comment on "Phonemic Diversity Supports a Serial Founder Effect Model of Language Expansion from Africa"". Science. 335 (6069): 657
Monophthongization
Forbush effect (cosmic rays) (solar phenomena) Forer effect (cognitive biases) (history of astrology) (psychological theories) Founder effect (ecology)
List_of_effects
Founder(s) maintaining disproportionate control
decision-making Founder's dilemma Illusion of control Management style Micromanagement Organizational culture Overconfidence effect Peter principle Greathouse
Founder's_syndrome
Rare, severe disease of lysosomal storage
possibly even increase the incidence of autosomal recessive disease. Founder effect. This hypothesis states that the high incidence of the 1278insTATC chromosomes
Tay–Sachs_disease
anthology The Founder Effect (2020) "Kamekura", Collected in Robert E. Hampson and Sandra L. Medlockand in the anthology The Founder Effect (2020) Worlds
David_Weber_bibliography
Genetic diversity in human populations
negative selective effect on the organism). Finally, small migrant populations have statistical differences – called the founder effect – from the overall
Human_genetic_variation
Selective breeding of plants and animals to serve humans
Indian Ocean and those in the Pacific Ocean. The coconut experienced a founder effect, where a small number of individuals with low diversity founded the
Domestication
18th-century founders, genetic disorders that come out due to inbreeding exist in more isolated districts (an example of the founder effect). These disorders
Health_among_the_Amish
DNA analysis of Croat populations
that the very high frequency in the Western Balkan is because of a founder effect. Utevska calculated that the STR cluster divergence and its secondary
Genetic_studies_on_Croats
Medical condition
in Finland, which is estimated to be 15:100,000 individuals due to founder effect. Usually patients first experience weakness of dorsiflexion of feet
Tibial_muscular_dystrophy
test Fluorescent in situ hybridization FMET Footprinting Forensics Founder effect Fragile site Fragile X syndrome Frameshift Frameshift mutation Fraternal
Index_of_genetics_articles
Psychological effect in which a patient falls in love with a caregiver
The Florence Nightingale effect is a trope where a caregiver falls in love with their patient, even if very little communication or contact takes place
Florence_Nightingale_effect
Canadian video game developer
the development of Mass Effect: Andromeda, left in December 2015 and February 2016 respectively. Alexis Kennedy, co-founder of Failbetter Games and the
BioWare
Set of all genes in a population
biology portal Biodiversity Conservation biology Extinction vortex Founder effect Gene flow Genetic drift Small population size Australian Grains Genebank
Gene_pool
Autonomous artificial intelligence agent
born in 1992 and raised in Colorado and Beijing, joined Butterfly Effect as a co-founder of the Manus product and serves as the company's chief scientist
Manus_(AI_agent)
Leaders in the formation of the United States
Fathers of the United States, referred to as the Founding Fathers or the Founders by Americans, were a group of late-eighteenth-century American revolutionary
Founding Fathers of the United States
Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States
Statistical error
sense in the field of genetics; for example in the bottleneck effect or founder effect, when natural disasters or migrations dramatically reduce the size
Sampling_error
Theorized increase of longevity with age
Contemporary proponents of the Lindy effect include Twitter user Paul Skallas, known as LindyMan, and Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Andreessen Horowitz. Skallas
Lindy_effect
Proposed common ancestor to all human languages
Quentin D. Atkinson (2011-04-15). "Phonemic Diversity Supports a Serial Founder Effect Model of Language Expansion from Africa". Science. 332 (6027): 346–349
Proto-Human_language
Sales impact of premature product announcements
The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback
Osborne_effect
Swedish melodic death metal band
Effect is a Swedish melodic death metal supergroup formed by former members of In Flames. They are signed to the Nuclear Blast label. The Halo Effect
The_Halo_Effect_(band)
Species of bird
dark-eyed junco on the mainland due to its small population size and the founder effect. Either 14 or 15 subspecies are recognized. These subspecies are grouped
Dark-eyed_junco
Medical condition
been recorded. Many of these cases have occurred in Japan, where a founder effect has caused a higher incidence rate than in other populations.[citation
Werner_syndrome
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
subclade may occur only among Ashkenazi Jews, possibly as a result of a founder effect. Mal'ta–Buret' culture Prehistoric Asia Prehistoric Europe Genetic history
Haplogroup_R_(Y-DNA)
Business officer
A founder CEO, often written as founder / CEO and also as founder & CEO is an individual who establishes a company as a founding CEO and holds its chief
Founder_CEO
2012 video game
Mass Effect 3 is a 2012 action role-playing game developed by BioWare and published by Electronic Arts. The third major entry in the Mass Effect series
Mass_Effect_3
Interbreeding of different races or ethnic groups
founder populations", while a number of common Mendelian disorders among Romanies from all over Europe indicates "a common origin and founder effect"
Miscegenation
Medical condition
Northwest England, significantly in the Cumbria region suggesting a founder effect. Due to its genetic nature, current research is focused on therapeutic
Neuroferritinopathy
American video game designer (1970–2025)
for being a co-founder and the former studio head of Infinity Ward, the head of Respawn Entertainment, and the former CEO of Ripple Effect Studios. Vincent
Vince_Zampella
the result of genetic drift, bottle neck events and/or the founder effect.” The founder effect was defined for the low heterozygosity amongst the Quiche
Mayan_genetics
American disco and jazz-funk band
Side Effect founder Augie Johnson". SoulTracks. October 12, 2014. Retrieved January 23, 2020. Rizik, Chris (July 3, 2020). "R.I.P. Side Effect singer
Side_Effect_(band)
Famous or powerful figures facing sexual misconduct allegations
The Weinstein effect is the phenomenon in which famous or powerful figures previously thought to be immune from most consequences due to their fame are
Weinstein_effect
References system for human tooth morphology
signature also found in neutral genetic datasets as a result of a serial founder effect originating in Africa. Some dental variants listed in the ASUDAS are
ASUDAS
Genetics on the peopling of the Americas
diversity could have been reduced from generation to generation by the founder effect. Other related explanations include the Bottleneck explanation which
Genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Genetic_history_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
American geneticist
2000). "James V. Neel, M.D., Ph.D. (March 22, 1915–January 31, 2000): Founder Effect". American Journal of Human Genetics. 66 (3): 755–760. doi:10.1086/302793
James_V._Neel
Disturbance that propagates through a system
A ripple effect occurs when an initial disturbance to a system propagates outward to disturb an increasingly larger portion of the system, like ripples
Ripple_effect
Evolutionary biology hypothesis
then is that this rare variant was established in the islanders by a founder effect among a small initial colonising population, and was able to spread
Thrifty_gene_hypothesis
High levels of cholesterol in the blood
individuals. The Lithuanian Jewish population may exhibit a genetic founder effect. One variation, G197del LDLR which is implicated in familial hypercholesterolemia
High_cholesterol
Atoll in Pohnpei, Micronesia
generation six, the incidence rose to approximately 4.9%, due to the founder effect and inbreeding, with all achromats on the island nowadays tracing their
Pingelap
York: Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-49532-5. Willcox, Walter (1938) The Founder of Statistics. Review of the International Statistical Institute 5(4):321–328
Founders_of_statistics
2015 studio album by Brandon Flowers
The Desired Effect is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Brandon Flowers, co-founder of rock group the Killers. It was released on
The_Desired_Effect
Subspecies of deer
Hartl, Günther B.; Zachos, Frank E. (March 2008). "Phylogeography and founder effect of the endangered Corsican red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus)". Biodiversity
Corsican_red_deer
Ecological effect
competitors. Dynamic Nature of the Effect: Unlike a founder effect, which is dependent on initial conditions, the Early-Bird Effect is dynamic and continually
Early-bird_effect
a founder effect due to the Philippine islands being isolated from much of the world until Spanish discovery. This is very similar to the founder effect
Health_of_Filipino_Americans
American businessman and investor (1955–2011)
and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, former owner of what would become Pixar, George Lucas, his competitor Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, and President
Steve_Jobs
Medical condition
ancestry and this frequency of infliction has been attributed to the founder effect. There are five other known types of tyrosinemia, all of which derange
Tyrosinemia_type_I
Taiwanese and American businessman (born 1963)
and American business executive and electrical engineer who is the co-founder, president, and CEO of Nvidia, the world's most valuable company. As of
Jensen_Huang
founder populations". The number of common genetic disorders found among Romanies from all over Europe indicates "a common origin and founder effect"
History_of_the_Romani_people
Breed of cat
limited genetic diversity of island biogeography (an example of the founder effect and, at the sub-specific level, of the species-area curve). Kurilians
Kurilian_Bobtail
Wu Chinese dialect
Tao; Hui Li (2012). "Comment on "Phonemic Diversity Supports a Serial Founder Effect Model of Language Expansion from Africa"". Science. 335 (6069): 657
Jinhui_dialect
Species of bird
Laysan Illustration Habitat Nest Climate change Conservation biology Founder effect Genetic diversity List of threatened birds of the United States List
Laysan_finch
Nonprofit organization
Citizen Effect is a Washington, D.C.–based registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit that provides citizens with the tools they need to support a small-scale philanthropy
Citizen_Effect
Medical condition
fundus dystrophy in the British Isles: demonstration of a striking founder effect by microsatellite-generated haplotypes". Genome Research. 6 (2): 92–101
Sorsby's_fundus_dystrophy
Autosomal recessive conditions that affect ethnic Jews more frequently
initially arose in the Near East at least 4000 years ago. Because of a founder effect, the ancestors of present-day Ashkenazi Jews may have kept the low-frequency
Medical_genetics_of_Jews
Species of bird
teal, with the molecular difference being due to genetic drift or a founder effect in the latter and possibly speckled teal introgression in the former
Green-winged_teal
Cognitive shift after seeing Earth from space
overview effect is a cognitive shift reported by some astronauts while viewing the Earth from space. Researchers have characterized the effect as "a state
Overview_effect
American missionary and naturalist (1832–1923)
populations. He developed early ideas on the founder effect and what is now known as the Baldwin effect. He coined the term "divergent evolution". Gulick
J._T._Gulick
Tendency of early colonists to dominate the gene pool
may underestimate actual rates of dispersal and invasion potential. Founder effect Peripatric speciation Genetic drift Genetic drift in a population at
Founder_takes_all
New Zealand evolutionary biologist
Hamish Gordon (1988). An investigation of the theories of speciation by founder effect (PhD). Harvard University. "Beyond Equilibria: Historical Approaches
Hamish_Spencer
Geomorphological phenomenon
become isolated from their parent species, and due to isolation, the founder effect, genetic drift and natural selection, have become separate species (see
Stream_capture
Rare disease
documented cases worldwide. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer Founder effect "Fumarase deficiency | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
Fumarase_deficiency
Founder Cells
without specification for the formation of the founder cell, the activating factors have no effect and no tissue will be formed. Specification occurs
Founder_cell
American businessman (1924–2023)
avoid all standard ways of failing". Munger used the term "Lollapalooza effect" for multiple biases, tendencies or mental models acting in compound with
Charlie_Munger
Preservation of plants or animals outside their natural habitats
potential. The loss of genetic diversity due to the founder effect can be minimized by ensuring that the founder population is large enough and genetically representative
Ex_situ_conservation
American entrepreneur and venture capitalist (born 1967)
capitalist, and conservative political activist. A co-founder of PayPal, Palantir Technologies, and Founders Fund, he was also the first outside investor in
Peter_Thiel
Statistical effects of small numbers on a population
often used in conservation strategies. Decline in amphibian populations Founder effect Functional extinction Gene pool Genetic erosion Genetic pollution Minimum
Small_population_size
Subspecies of flowering plant
S. as the Isle of Man cabbage and subsequently evolved through the founder effect and geographic isolation into a new subspecies. Vioque, Javier; Pastor
Coincya monensis subsp. recurvata
Coincya_monensis_subsp._recurvata
Biracial ethnic group from Holmes County, Florida
and Tyrosinase positive albinism, which Robinson attributes to the founder effect. Beale, Calvin L. (December 1957). "American Triracial Isolates: Their
Dominickers
Pashtun tribe
low numbers among Tanolis, Gurjars and Yusufzais. There appears to be founder effect in the O3-M122 among the Jadoon. 76.32% of Jadoon men carry O3-M122
Jadoon
Evolutionary process
exchanging genes with the main population. It is related to the concept of a founder effect, since small populations often undergo bottlenecks. Genetic drift is
Speciation
Study of island organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment
Island populations are small and exhibit low genetic variability (see founder effect), but are isolated from the predators and competitors that they initially
Island_ecology
2007 video game
Mass Effect is a 2007 action role-playing game developed by BioWare and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360. It is the first game in the
Mass_Effect_(video_game)
Species of bird
years ago in New Guinea and diversified across the Indo-Pacific through founder effect speciation, driven by island dispersal, the island’s complex geological
Dusky_lory
Pattern of similarities in human populations
those by Rosenberg et al. (2002), contributed to theories of the serial founder effect and early human migration out of Africa, and clustering methods have
Human_genetic_clustering
Genetic disorder causing redness and peeling of the skin on the palms and soles
This relatively high rate of occurrence has been attributed to the founder effect, in which a small, often consanguinous population is formed out of the
Keratolytic_winter_erythema
Medical condition
relatively rare, this disorder does occur with higher incidence within founder-effect populations due to lack of genetic variability. Observation of the inheritance
Ellis–Van_Creveld_syndrome
Speciation that occurs between geographically isolated populations
Separationstheorie. His idea was later interpreted by Ernst Mayr as a form of founder effect speciation as it focused primarily on small geographically isolated
Allopatric_speciation
Medical condition
Jeanpierre, M.; Brousse, N.; Lyonnet, S.; Munnich, A.; Smahi, A. (2008). "A founder effect at the EPCAM locus in Congenital Tufting Enteropathy in the Arabic Gulf"
Congenital tufting enteropathy
Congenital_tufting_enteropathy
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