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Reactionary German paramilitants
Freikorps were German paramilitary militias formed in the aftermath of World War I and during the German Revolution of 1918–19. Freikorps units consisted
Freikorps
German Freikorps unit (1919–1920)
Freikorps Epp or Freikorps Ritter von Epp, also called the Bayerisches Schützenkorps (English: Bavarian Rifle Corps), was a paramilitary Freikorps of the
Freikorps_Epp
Volunteer military force (Freikorps) in Germany from 1918 to 1933
1920 Freikorps Roßbach was re-deployed to Upper Silesia alongside units such as Freikorps Heydebreck, Freikorps von Arnim, Freikorps Horadam, Freikorps von
Freikorps_Roßbach
Anti-communist paramilitary organizations of Germany in Baltic states
The Freikorps in the Baltic were German paramilitary units that formed after the German Empire's defeat in World War I. Their aim was to prevent the advance
Freikorps_in_the_Baltic
German paramilitary organization
military leadership, and the Freikorps broke its ties with the Thule Society shortly after its formation. The Freikorps Oberland initially consisted of
Freikorps_Oberland
war, and purged of any mention of the Freikorps Caspari or Division Gerstenberg. Freikorps Lichtschlag Freikorps Oberland Marinebrigade Ehrhardt Schwarzwälder
Freikorps_Caspari
Nazi paramilitary for Czechoslovak border operations
The Sudetendeutsches Freikorps (SFK) (Sudeten German Free Corps, also known as the Freikorps Sudetenland, Freikorps Henlein and Sudetendeutsche Legion)
Sudetendeutsches_Freikorps
Military unit
the Freikorps was deployed in 2017 during the storming of separatist positions in Donetsk, became a platoon commander of the Freikorps. The Freikorps organization
Freikorps_(Ukraine)
Military unit
the Freikorps to his service, as they often completed tasks, missions, etc. with them in the final months of the war. Hoffmann saw the Freikorps Sauerland
Freikorps_Sauerland
European volunteer military units
Kleist Freikorps included infantry, jäger, dragoons and hussars. The French Volontaires de Saxe combined uhlans and dragoons. The first Freikorps appeared
Free_corps
Military unit
Oskar von Watter began to establish Freikorps units out of troops returning from the Western Front. Thus the Freikorps Lichtschlag was created in the area
Freikorps_Lichtschlag
1918–1930s armed German civilian groups
forces at the 100,000 man limit, that the Freikorps were officially disbanded in the spring of 1920. Some Freikorps members were then accepted into the Reichswehr
Weimar_paramilitary_groups
Weimarian military unit (April–May 1919)
Freikorps Werdenfels was a small paramilitary and Freikorps of the Weimar Republic which was raised in April 1919 to help suppress the Bavarian Soviet
Freikorps_Werdenfels
Foreign Waffen-SS unit
The British Free Corps (abbr. BFC; German: Britisches Freikorps) was a unit of the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany during World War II, made up of British and
British_Free_Corps
Unrest in the German revolution of 1918–1919
the counterrevolutionaries were five formations: the Freikorps Reinhard, Freikorps Lützow, Freikorps Hülsen, Guards Cavalry Rifle Division and German Protection
Berlin_March_Battles
1920s German extra-legal paramilitary
Freikorps, then removed almost all of its members from the Reichswehr and limited Freikorps access to government funding and equipment. The Freikorps'
Black_Reichswehr
other Freikorps awards were declared obsolete with World War I service thereafter recognized by a single award, known as the Honour Cross. Freikorps awards
Awards of the German Freikorps
Awards_of_the_German_Freikorps
1920 left-wing workers' revolt in Germany
Army near Wetter defeated the vanguard of the Freikorps Lichtschlag, a pro-Kapp Putsch unit of the Freikorps, killing its commanding officer Captain Otto
Ruhr_uprising
Volunteer military force (Freikorps) in Germany from 1919 to 1920
Freikorps Tüllmann, also called Detachment Tüllmann or Freiwilligen-Regiment Tüllmann, was a Freikorps paramilitary unit of the Weimar Republic that fought
Freikorps_Tüllmann
Baltic-German anti-communist military formation
Freikorps, collapsed. The division was forced to retreat. In mid-December, the last units crossed the German border at Memel. The remaining Freikorps
Eiserne_Division
German paramilitary organization
related to Freikorps. Axis History Factbook; Freikorps section – By Marcus Wendel and contributors; site also contains an apolitical forum Freikorps Master
List_of_Freikorps_members
Military unit
Lützow Free Corps (German: Lützowsches Freikorps pronounced [ˈlʏtso:vʃəs ˈfraɪˌkɔɒ̯ps]) was a free corps of the Prussian Army during the Napoleonic Wars
Lützow_Free_Corps
Military unit
The Serbian Free Corps (German: Serbische Freikorps), known simply as frajkori (Serbian Cyrillic: фрајкори), was a volunteer militia composed of ethnic
Serbian_Free_Corps
German nationalist politician (1893–1967)
1919, his Freikorps Roßbach made an extremely long march from Berlin across Eastern Europe to rescue the Eiserne Division (another Freikorps) from destruction
Gerhard_Roßbach
Freikorps. Between 1919 and 1922, historians have attributed at least 354 politically motivated murders to right-wing extremists, primarily Freikorps
Political violence in Germany (1918–1933)
Political_violence_in_Germany_(1918–1933)
Failed 1923 Nazi coup attempt in Munich, Germany
of the Freikorps and Nazi Party. Wilhelm Ehrlich [de], bank clerk and World War I veteran, born 8 August 1894 in Głowno. Member of the Freikorps and Nazi
Beer_Hall_Putsch
German writer
September 1902 – 9 August 1972) was a German novelist and screenwriter. A Freikorps member after WWI, he later joined the terror group Organisation Consul
Ernst_von_Salomon
1920 failed coup in the Weimar Republic
Freikorps units were expected to be disbanded. After the suppression of the leftist uprisings, the government had no further need for the Freikorps units
Kapp_Putsch
German Freikorps commander
German nationalist Freikorps leader during the Weimar Republic. As head of the Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, he was among the best-known Freikorps leaders in the
Hermann_Ehrhardt
German military officer and war criminal (1895–1945)
the post-World War I conflicts in Germany as a minor commander in the Freikorps militia movement, with the troops he led then also characterized by excessive
Oskar_Dirlewanger
Pro-German rebellion against Czechoslovak government
(2013). Boj o pohraničí : Sudetoněmecký Freikorps v roce 1938 [Conflict in Borderlands: Sudetendeutsches Freikorps in 1938] (in Czech). Prague: Nakladatelství
Sudeten_German_uprising
German fighter pilot
organized a Freikorps and fought in the Latvian War of Independence. Upon return in 1920, Berthold refused to disarm and together with his Freikorps joined
Rudolf_Berthold
German general and Nazi politician (1868–1947)
German Empire, Epp was a commanding officer in the Freikorps and the Reichswehr. His unit, the Freikorps Epp, was responsible for numerous massacres during
Franz_Ritter_von_Epp
Russian warlords in the Baltic during the Russian Civil War
free corps. Freikorps Plehwe (Captain von Plehwe [de]): about 3,000 soldiers (the former 2nd Guard Reserve Regiment), before Libau Freikorps Diebitsch:
West_Russian_Volunteer_Army
President of Germany from 1919 to 1925
leadership of the military under General Wilhelm Groener and the right-wing Freikorps. With their help, the Reich government, which Ebert headed, crushed a
Friedrich_Ebert
1919 unrecognized socialist state in Germany
him the services of 20,000 men of the Freikorps under Lt. General Burghard von Oven [de]. Oven and the Freikorps, along with loyalist elements of the German
Bavarian_Soviet_Republic
German terrorist organization (1920–1922)
Republic from 1920 to 1922. It was formed by members of the disbanded Freikorps group Marinebrigade Ehrhardt and was responsible for political assassinations
Organisation_Consul
1919 failed Communist takeover in Berlin, Germany
and calls went out for the formation of more Freikorps units. Since early December 1918, such Freikorps units had been forming from former frontline soldiers
Spartacist_uprising
German Nazi veterinary official (1892–1955)
War, he served in the Royal Bavarian Army, and later was a member of a Freikorps unit. In October 1922, under the Weimar Republic, he became the leader
Friedrich Weber (veterinarian)
Friedrich_Weber_(veterinarian)
German Nazi and SA general (1892–1934)
professional military officer who fought in the First World War and in the Freikorps. He became a police officer in the Weimar Republic and also served in
Hans_Ramshorn
Discontinued German paramilitary award
paramilitary award of the German Freikorps which was issued in the 1920s. Awarded under the authority of local Freikorps commander Major Kobe von Keppenfels
Bug_Star
Freikorps fight the Red Army in the Baltic, eventually retreat in chaos; first Silesian uprising, in which many Freikorps see combat. Many Freikorps were
Early_timeline_of_Nazism
German soldier and political activist (1880–1970)
paramilitary activity in both the Weimar Republic and in Austria. As a Freikorps officer, Captain Pabst gained notoriety for ordering the summary executions
Waldemar_Pabst
German symbol for skull and crossbones
of the Iron Division Freikorps (1919) Armed Freikorps troops in Berlin in 1919 A Garford-Putilov Armoured Car used by the Freikorps in 1919 Flag at a meeting
Totenkopf
German military personnel (1865–1946)
of the demoralised German soldiers were being withdrawn from Latvia, a Freikorps unit called the "Iron Division" (German: Eiserne Division) was formed
Rüdiger_von_der_Goltz
German politician (1897–1974)
wounded. Strasser returned to Germany in 1919, where he served in the Freikorps that in May 1919 put down the Bavarian Soviet Republic, which was organized
Otto_Strasser
Volunteer military force (Freikorps) in Germany from 1919 to 1920
The Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, also known as the Ehrhardt Brigade, was a Freikorps unit of the early Weimar Republic. It was formed on 17 February 1919 as
Marinebrigade_Ehrhardt
Military rearmament in Germany 1918–1939
paramilitary Freikorps grew rapidly with the support of the republican government and its first Defense minister, Gustav Noske. The Freikorps units, often
German_rearmament
German police official and politician (1896–1944)
war, he was a member of the right-wing Freikorps, seeing service with both the Freikorps Lutzow and Freikorps Roßbach in 1919 and 1920. From 1920 to 1924
Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorff
Wolf-Heinrich_Graf_von_Helldorff
Chancellor of Germany since 2025
Empire State Socialism Völkisch movement George-Kreis Leipzig school Freikorps Monarchism in Bavaria after 1918 Perceived Weimar decadence Conservative
Friedrich_Merz
Award
the Freikorps' participation at the Battle of Annaberg, it was also awarded with oak leaves, swords, or both. This medal was one of the few Freikorps awards
Silesian_Eagle
German politician, Higher SS and Police Leader, SS-Obergruppenführer
Josias, Hereditary Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (German: Josias Georg Wilhelm Adolf Erbprinz zu Waldeck und Pyrmont) (13 May 1896 – 30 November 1967)
Josias, Hereditary Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Josias,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Waldeck_and_Pyrmont
Far-right political party in Germany (1920–1945)
extremist German nationalist ("Völkisch nationalist"), racist, and populist Freikorps paramilitary culture, which fought against communist uprisings in post–World
Nazi_Party
Imperial German Army officer (1894–1923)
March 1919, he joined the Baden Freikorps and fought against the Bolsheviks as a part of Walter von Medem's Baltic Freikorps during the capture of Riga in
Albert_Leo_Schlageter
Combined military forces of Germany 1921–1935
1920 against the Ruhr uprising in the demilitarised Rhineland – to the Freikorps, which continued to operate even though it had been officially disbanded
Reichswehr
German Nazi SS officer (1891–1934)
1921, Sembach took part in combat in the Baltic States as a member of a Freikorps, ultimately serving as an Hauptmann on the staff of the Austrian detachment
Emil_Sembach
Separatist uprisings in 1919–1921
The most violent and the most aggressive of the Freikorps units sent into Upper Silesia was the Freikorps Oberland from Bavaria, which seemed to have been
Silesian_Uprisings
German Nazi politician (1897–1934)
Heines became involved in the Freikorps movement. From 1919 to December, 1922, Heines served as leader of a unit in Freikorps Roßbach, which fought in West
Edmund_Heines
German general
that region, he was also in charge of all the Freikorps in the area. He was called "Father of the Freikorps" as he relied heavily on these paramilitary
Walther_von_Lüttwitz
German Nazi politician (1886–1944)
Freikorps, which was the conservative and nationalist reply to the German Revolution. He joined the Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, a unit of the Freikorps,
Manfred Freiherr von Killinger
Manfred_Freiherr_von_Killinger
July 1962) was a German military officer, policeman, and leader of a Freikorps militia unit named after him. Caspari was the son of Albrecht Caspari
Walter_Caspari
1921 battle of the Third Silesian Uprising
Several independent paramilitary Freikorps units were formed from the remnants of the German Imperial Army. The German Freikorps units often did not obey orders
Battle_of_Annaberg
German general
1915 and won the Iron Cross 1st Class. After the war, he fought with the Freikorps in the Baltics and in 1920 was accepted by the Reichswehr, where he served
Richard_Heidrich
within the Reichswehr and by many paramilitary organizations including the Freikorps. It would see usage by right-wing conservative and liberal political parties
Flag_of_the_German_Empire
Nazi officer (1895–1946)
Otto Max Koegel (16 October 1895 – 27 June 1946) was a Nazi officer who served as a commander at Lichtenburg, Ravensbrück, Majdanek and Flossenbürg concentration
Max_Koegel
German state (1918–1933)
firing broke out between them and the Freikorps troops; a seventh worker was taken prisoner and murdered. The Freikorps Rossbach troops left the city a few
Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Free_State_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin
German SS general and police official (1897–1946)
second class. After the war, he became a member of Gerhard Roßbach's Freikorps. In 1922, Daluege joined the Nazi Party and soon entered the Sturmabteilung
Kurt_Daluege
German workers' army behind the 1920 Ruhr uprising
agreement to end a general strike in the region failed. Reichswehr and Freikorps units put down the rebellion with considerable brutality, including summary
Ruhr_Red_Army
German state from 1918 to 1933
1920 Kapp Putsch, Seeckt refused to deploy the Reichswehr against the Freikorps involved in the putsch, but immediately afterwards had the Ruhr Red Army
Weimar_Republic
Nazi commandant of Auschwitz (1901–1947)
nationalist paramilitary groups including the Freikorps, first the East Prussian Volunteer Corps, and then Freikorps Roßbach, a unit associated with the Baltic
Rudolf_Höss
Militaristic culture present in Germany between 1815 and 1945
clubs, serving as Freikorps without government accountability, led to the intervention of those veterans in politics. Nationalist Freikorps, but also far-left
German_militarism
German politician (1862–1934)
into Freikorps. After the suppression of the soviet republic at the beginning of May, during which about 335 civilians were killed by Freikorps fighters
Gustav_Ritter_von_Kahr
German politician (1868–1946)
forces and Freikorps units to end the uprising. Around 165 people lost their lives. A few days later, on 15 January 1919, members of the Freikorps
Gustav_Noske
German officer
was appointed to lead a Freikorps, or an independent corps, with which he achieved some of his greatest successes. The Freikorps consisted of 22 squadrons
Frederick_William_von_Kleist
Award of the German Freikorps
Knight's Cross (German: Deutschritter-Kreuz) was an award of the German Freikorps which existed after the close of the First World War. The award was created
German_Knight's_Cross
1809 battle of the Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809
both part of the larger Napoleonic Wars. It was fought between Prussian freikorps under Ferdinand von Schill and French, Dutch and Dano-Norwegian troops
Battle_of_Stralsund_(1809)
German politician and officer
National People's Party. Nigel Jones, The Birth of the Nazis: How the Freikorps Blazed a Trail for Hitler, Constable & Robinson, 2004, pp. 167-169 Reichstag
Alfred_Fletcher
Waffen-SS commander (1896–1966)
Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class. In 1919, Steiner joined the paramilitary Freikorps in the East Prussian city of Memel during the German Revolution and was
Felix_Steiner
Political philosophy based on tradition
Empire State Socialism Völkisch movement George-Kreis Leipzig school Freikorps Monarchism in Bavaria after 1918 Perceived Weimar decadence Conservative
Conservatism
became leader of the newly formed Freikorps Franken and, beginning in February, published the journal Das Freikorps, Kampfblatt für die Sauberkeit und
Wilhelm_Stegmann
German general (1901–1967)
Hans Seidemann (18 January 1901 – 21 December 1967) was a German general during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Hans_Seidemann
German officer and politician
Theodor Duesterberg (German pronunciation: [ˈdyːstɐbɛʁk]; 19 October 1875 – 4 November 1950) was a military officer in the Imperial German Army and later
Theodor_Duesterberg
German general
disturbances throughout Germany. Maercker suggested the formation of Freikorps (Free Corps) to suppress these and a number of formations formed themselves
Georg_Ludwig_Rudolf_Maercker
Military unit
'Border Guard East') is the collective name for the German military units (Freikorps, Selbstschutz, volunteer units, Upper Silesian Self-Defence Force [de]
Grenzschutz_Ost
German general and Nazi (1869–1955)
the end of the war in November 1918, Reinhard in December established a Freikorps unit named after him (Freiwilligen-Regiment Reinhard [de]). On 24 December
Wilhelm_Reinhard_(SS_officer)
German general and Knight's Cross recipient
Ferdinand Alfred Friedrich Jodl (28 November 1896 – 9 June 1956) was a German general during World War II who commanded the Mountain Corps Norway during
Ferdinand_Jodl
Overthrow of the German Empire
its cooperation with the Supreme Army Command and the Freikorps. The brutal actions of the Freikorps during the various revolts estranged many left democrats
German revolution of 1918–1919
German_revolution_of_1918–1919
German naval and paramilitary officer (1890–unknown)
the end of World War I, he became a member of Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, a Freikorps unit, and the Organisation Consul, a secret society which carried out
Eberhard_Kautter
German Communist (1892–1944)
ˈʁøː.mɐ] ; 17 November 1892 – 25 September 1944) was a member of the Freikorps Oberland, one of the paramilitary organizations that sprang up around
Beppo_Römer
Far-right political party in Weimar Germany (1922–1924)
leadership of the influential Freikorps.The DVFP was founded by its leader Gerhard Roßbach. In addition to the Freikorps troops that Roßbach brought with
German_Völkisch_Freedom_Party
Unrecognized state in Germany 1918–1919
was suppressed by the German Army with the assistance of paramilitary Freikorps troops in early May 1920. The Hoffmann government resumed power and enacted
People's_State_of_Bavaria
Nazi
Heinz Pernet (5 September 1896 – 30 June 1973) was a German military officer and Erich Ludendorff's stepson. He was a top figure in the Beer Hall Putsch
Heinz_Pernet
Political party in Sweden
least one leading member of the German counter-revolutionary Freikorps who, after the Freikorps murder of Rosa Luxemburg, had moved to Sweden. In 1929 a delegation
Fascist People's Party of Sweden
Fascist_People's_Party_of_Sweden
Karl Maria Blasius Allmendinger (3 February 1891 – 2 October 1965) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He commanded the
Karl_Allmendinger
German occultist (1875–1945)
Adam Alfred Rudolf Glauer also known as Rudolf Freiherr von Sebottendorff (or Sebottendorf; 9 November 1875 - 8 May 1945) was a German occultist, writer
Rudolf_von_Sebottendorf
German Navy Admiral (1888-1945)
Otto von Schrader (18 March 1888 – 19 July 1945) was a German admiral during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi
Otto_von_Schrader
Political party in Germany (1917–1922)
uprising was put down by regular and Freikorps troops, with an estimated 1,000 workers and about 600 Reichswehr and Freikorps soldiers killed. In the Reichstag
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
Independent_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany
German Nazi, Higher SS and Police Leader of Denmark (1899–1973)
Günther Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Pancke (1 May 1899 – 17 August 1973) was a German SS-Obergruppenführer and SS functionary during the Nazi era who served
Günther_Pancke
German Nazi SA chief of staff (1890–1943)
Viktor Lutze (28 December 1890 – 2 May 1943) was a German Nazi Party functionary and the commander of the Sturmabteilung ("SA") who succeeded Ernst Röhm
Viktor_Lutze
1918–20 conflict between the newly-declared Republic of Latvia and the Russian SFSR
the Iron Division launched an attack to capture Cēsis. Initially, the Freikorps formation captured the town of Straupe and continued their advance toward
Latvian_War_of_Independence
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