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Theory that regions of the brain are specialized for functions
neuroscience and neuropsychology, functional specialization is a theory which suggests that different areas in the brain are specialized for different functions
Functional specialization (brain)
Functional_specialization_(brain)
Specialization of some cognitive functions in one side of the brain
different from specialization, as lateralization refers only to the function of one structure divided between two hemispheres. Specialization is much easier
Lateralization of brain function
Lateralization_of_brain_function
Condition of the human brain
Physiology or Medicine for his contributions in hemispheric specialization. Sperry initiated split-brain research and his colleague, Michael Gazzaniga, helped
Split-brain
American art teacher and author (born 1926)
ISBN 978-1-58542-920-2. Dual-coding theory Functional specialization (brain) Lateralization of brain function Roger Sperry Split-brain Edwards, Betty (1999). The New
Betty_Edwards
The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional, connective, and developmental regions are listed
List of regions in the human brain
List_of_regions_in_the_human_brain
principle and functional specialization within the brain. Functional specialization is the idea that functions are localized within the brain and can only
Mass action principle (neuroscience)
Mass_action_principle_(neuroscience)
Term in human neuroanatomy referring to several things
the left and right sides of the brain Lateralized functional differences: lateralization of brain function Neuroanatomical differences themselves exist
Brain_asymmetry
Any disorder of the nervous system
any accepted diagnosis, that higher-level brain/mental activity is causing symptoms, referred to as functional symptoms, rather than the symptoms originating
Neurological_disorder
reproduction. Not to be confused with functional specialization, which examines the specific parts of the brain that are engaged during specific behaviors
Cognitive_specialization
Overview of and topical guide to brain mapping
at Emory University. Specialization includes delineating abnormal brain function in patients with major depression using functional neuroimaging. Geraint
Outline_of_brain_mapping
Semipermeable capillary interface between blood and the brain
appears to be functional by the time of birth. P-glycoprotein, a transporter, exists already in the embryonal endothelium. Measurement of brain uptake of
Blood–brain_barrier
Medical specialty of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system
and functional MRI. Using stereotaxy neurosurgeons can approach a minute target in the brain through a minimal opening. This is used in functional neurosurgery
Neurosurgery
tasks associated with functionally close brain structures, interference occurs and performance is affected. The concept of functional cerebral distance is
Functional_cerebral_distance
Injury of the brain from an external source
A traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as an intracranial injury, is an injury to the brain caused by an external force. TBI can be classified based
Traumatic_brain_injury
Scientific field
functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions
Cognitive_neuroscience
Theory of brain development
Interactive Specialization is a theory of brain development proposed by the British developmental cognitive neuroscientist Mark Johnson, formerly head
Interactive_specialization
Scientific study of the nervous system
the body. Carl Wernicke further developed the theory of the specialization of specific brain structures in language comprehension and production. In 1894
Neuroscience
Inability to comprehend or formulate language
"Early functional magnetic resonance imaging activations predict language outcome after stroke". Brain. 133 (4): 1252–1264. doi:10.1093/brain/awq021.
Aphasia
Totality of psychological phenomena
evolution, the brains of vertebrates tended to grow and the specialization of different brain areas tended to increase. These developments are closely related
Mind
Hypothesis in cognitive neuroscience
is not. Functional specialization Coarser imaging methods can be used to study this. It consists of examining the functional specialization of reading
Neuronal_recycling_hypothesis
British psychiatrist, neurologist, and eugenicist (1840–1938)
eugenicist. He is known for studies on the relationship of mental illness to brain injury and for the development of public health policies in relation to
James_Crichton-Browne
Collection of neurological symptoms
their functional specializations except in domains that depend on the interconnections between the two regions. Callosal syndrome, or split-brain, is an
Disconnection_syndrome
Study of the brain related to specific psychological processes and behaviors
mind and brain by studying people with brain injuries or neurological illnesses. One model of neuropsychological functioning is known as functional localization
Neuropsychology
carried out with functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and through observation of people who have suffered brain damage. The brain contains areas
Neuroscience of multilingualism
Neuroscience_of_multilingualism
Network of the brain used for somatosensory-informed coordination of movement
(2019-11-01). "Towards a Universal Taxonomy of Macro-scale Functional Human Brain Networks". Brain Topography. 32 (6): 926–942. doi:10.1007/s10548-019-00744-6
Sensorimotor_network
Process that distinguishes sensory information from an organism's body and environment
Hernandez-Ribas R, Deus J, et al. (2008). "Consistency and functional specialization in the default mode brain network". Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sensory_processing
Medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system
conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves. Neurological practice relies
Neurology
European technology company
WeAreBrain is a European technology company and venture studio specializing in Cloud, Mobile, SaaS and AI. Founded in 2015, the company is headquartered
WeAreBrain
Cognitive processes necessary for control of behavior
research on network energy in brain functional connectivity reveals that energy is selectively allocated to relevant brain networks during cognitive tasks
Executive_functions
Cognitive process
executive functions and their interactions revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging, Cognitive Brain Research, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres
Inhibitory_control
American neurosurgeon
"deciphering the functional blueprint of speech in the human cerebral cortex, pioneering advanced clinical methods for human brain mapping and spearheading
Edward_Chang_(neurosurgeon)
Approach to understanding the human brain
structural and functional connectivities, respectively. Brain networks can be mapped at multiple scales using both structural connectivity and functional connectivity
Network_neuroscience
Interpretation of sensory information
enough to make this process unnecessary. The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the
Perception
Controlling biological cells with light
light-sensitive ion channels, pumps or enzymes in the target brain cells. A specialization of this field is nano-optogenetics. On the level of individual
Optogenetics
Body parts responsible for vision
doctrine and brain localization, which related to the neuron being the basic unit of the nervous system and functional localisation in the brain, respectively
Visual_system
Russian neuropsychologist (1902–1977)
function system", which he described in a book titled Functional Recovery From Military Brain Wounds, (Moscow, 1948, Russian only.) A second book titled
Alexander_Luria
Area of the prefrontal cortex of primates
output The study confirmed that microstructural properties mirror functional specialization: Connectivity defines function: Dorsal dlPFC regions "listen"
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Dorsolateral_prefrontal_cortex
American neuroscientist (1916–2007)
Sensory Experience – A Functional Role for the Somatosensory Specific Projection System in Man". Brain. 102 (1): 193–224. doi:10.1093/brain/102.1.193. PMID 427530
Benjamin_Libet
Distorted model of the body corresponding to sensory and motor nerve density
corresponding signals from the brain stem and spinal cord. Along the length of the primary motor and sensory cortices, the areas specializing in different parts of
Cortical_homunculus
Cognitive ability to interpret visual information
the PPA is due to the specialization of certain visual tasks and their relation to other visual processing patterns in the brain. In particular, existing
Visual_processing
Cognitive functions linked to specific neural systems
functional impairment and provides aetiological specifiers (e.g., due to Alzheimer's disease, vascular disease, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury
Neurocognition
Dutch neuroscientist
initial roadmap towards whole brain emulation. Koene organizes neural engineering efforts to obtain and replicate functional and structural information from
Randal_A._Koene
Comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain
connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its "wiring diagram". These maps are available in varying levels of detail. A functional connectome shows
Connectome
Portion of the parietal lobe of the brain
lobule exhibits an evolved specialization related to tool use. It is not currently known if this functional specialization is unique to humans as complementary
Inferior_parietal_lobule
Speech production region in the dominant hemisphere of the hominid brain
JA, Lewin JS (September 1998). "Brain activation during silent word generation evaluated with functional MRI". Brain and Language. 64 (2): 231–56. doi:10
Broca's_area
Theory about how the brain sculpts itself and becomes specialized over time
S2CID 4324041. Johnson, M.H. (2000). "Functional brain development in infants: elements of an interactive specialization framework". Child Development. 71
Neuroconstructivism
Learning disability affecting reading
their brain is more specialized for language processing. With regard to the mechanism of dyslexia, fMRI studies suggest that this specialization is less
Dyslexia
Neuropsychology term
Knickmeyer, Rebecca C.; Gao, Wei (March 2018). "Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 19 (3):
Dissociation (neuropsychology)
Dissociation_(neuropsychology)
Paired structure within the brain temporal lobe
Zaniewski H, et al. (13 October 2023). "A marmoset brain cell census reveals regional specialization of cellular identities". Science Advances. 9 (41)
Amygdala
Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviour
body. Another debate arose about localization of function or functional specialization versus equipotentiality which played a significant role in the
Behavioral_neuroscience
Loss of visual motion perception
selective, and most are directionally selective. Evidence of functional specialization of V5 was first found in primates. Patients with akinetopsia tend
Akinetopsia
How humans use words to communicate
B, Reser D, Durham A, Kustov A, Rauschecker JP (April 2001). "Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex". Science. 292 (5515): 290–3
Language processing in the brain
Language_processing_in_the_brain
British-Canadian neuroscientist and neuropsychologist (born 1918)
the first to demonstrate convincingly that damage to the brain can lead to dramatic functional reorganization. Using mostly prize money from her numerous
Brenda_Milner
American neuropsychologist
function of the frontal lobes, hemispheric specialization, memory, cognitive aging, and general theory of functional cortical organization. Among the early
Elkhonon_Goldberg
British neurobiologist (born 1940)
demonstration of functional specialization in human visual cortex. J. Neurosci. 11:641–649. Zeki, S. and Stutters, J. (2013). Functional specialization and generalization
Semir_Zeki
Neuroscience and linguistics-related studies
Joanette, Yves (2011). "Functional near-infrared spectroscopy: Looking at the brain and language mystery from a different angle". Brain and Language. 121 (2
Neurolinguistics
Austrian neuroscientist (1919–2015)
of cognitive psychology, cognitive science, neuropsychology, holonomic brain theory, and holographic consciousness. He was a professor at Georgetown
Karl_H._Pribram
Medical specialty that focuses on the design and application of orthoses
structural and functional characteristics of the neuromuscular and skeletal systems." Orthotists are medical professionals who specialize in designing orthotic
Orthotics
Philosophy of neuroscience
function (same as functional specialization). Localization of function means that many cognitive functions can be localized to specific brain regions. An example
Neurophilosophy
Surgical procedure for epilepsy
July 2000). "Cerebral specialization and interhemispheric communication: Does the corpus callosum enable the human condition?". Brain. 123 (7): 1293–1326
Corpus_callosotomy
Conscious subjective experience
positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging scans to study the affective picture processes in the brain. From a mechanistic perspective
Emotion
Portion of the mammalian cerebral cortex
the brain into a limbic lobe.[citation needed] As a paralimbic cortex, the insular cortex is considered to be a relatively old structure. Functional imaging
Insular_cortex
Brazilian neuroscientist (born 1963)
image and stimulate the human brain (magneto- and electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and brain stimulation). Research milestones
Anna_Christina_Nobre
Cadiology
applied to simulation neuroscience: Computer Modeling of the brain that integrates functional groups together. The roots of integrative neuroscience originated
Integrative_neuroscience
Process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles
problem-solving impediments include confirmation bias, mental set, and functional fixedness. The term problem solving has a slightly different meaning depending
Problem_solving
Preference most humans show for one side of their body over the other
such as left and right handedness and footedness as well as specialization of one brain hemisphere over the other for certain functions such as language
Laterality
Cognitive process of visually interpreting the human face
hemispheric specialization". UCLA Educator. 17: 24–32. Bradshaw JL, Nettleton NC; Nettleton (1981). "The nature of hemispheric specialization in man". Behavioral
Face_perception
German neuroscientist and cognitive psychologist
brain-state dependent signal propagation within specific brain-wide functional networks and to study how temporal (oscillations) and spatial (brain-wide
Alexander_T._Sack
Overview of animal and human brain evolution
show specific adaptations, functional specializations and evolutionary events that were changes in how the hominoid brain is organized. In early prediction
Evolution_of_the_brain
Study of the neural mechanisms of emotion
Rauch, Scott L (2003). "Brain habituation during repeated exposure to fearful and neutral faces: A functional MRI study". Brain Research Bulletin. 59 (5):
Affective_neuroscience
Vertebrate brain region
(2003). "Memory and hippocampal specialization in food-storing birds: challenges for research on comparative cognition". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 62
Hippocampus
Auditory test to assess selective attention
results, a Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used by Jancke et al. (2001) to determine the activation of parts of the brain in charge of
Dichotic_listening
State of being awoken
involves activation of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) in the brain, which mediates wakefulness, the autonomic nervous system, and the endocrine
Arousal
Part of the human visual system that is specialized for facial recognition
Specialization". arXiv:1702.07038 [q-bio.NC]. Gauthier I, Skudlarski P, Gore JC, Anderson AW (Feb 2000). "Expertise for cars and birds recruits brain
Fusiform_face_area
Iranian-born American neurosurgeon
Center for Functional and Restorative Neurosurgery, from 1998 until 2000. At NYU, he was involved with the early use of brain implants and deep brain stimulation
Ali_Rezai
Theory of brain function
environment strengthen the brain’s internal models of sensory regularities (for more information on the sophistication and specialization of neural connections
Predictive_coding
Asymmetrical representation of emotional control and processing in the brain
of emotional control and processing in the brain. There is evidence for the lateralization of other brain functions as well. Emotions are complex and
Emotional_lateralization
Irish neurosurgeon
neurosurgeon in Ireland. She specializes in complex spinal neurosurgery, functional neurosurgery (including deep brain stimulation), and general neurosurgery
Catherine_Moran_(surgeon)
visual object recognition Domain specificity Face perception Functional specialization (brain) Modularity of mind N170 Principles of grouping Structural
Neural processing for individual categories of objects
Neural_processing_for_individual_categories_of_objects
Neuroplasticity that arise from use of cognitive functions
during increased neuronal activity. The brain's ability to adapt toward active functions allows humans to specialize in specific processes based on relative
Activity-dependent_plasticity
Relation of brain structure to psychological processes
tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These techniques make it possible to identify the areas of the brain responsible for performing
Cognitive_neuropsychology
Three parallel gyri of the occipital lobe of the brain
Carlson S, VanMeter J, Rauschecker JP (October 2010). "Preserved functional specialization for spatial processing in the middle occipital gyrus of the early
Occipital_gyri
Region of the brain that processes visual information
monkey". Brain Research. 35 (2): 528–532. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(71)90494-X. PMID 5002708.. Maunsell JH, Van Essen DC (May 1983). "Functional properties
Visual_cortex
Functional diversity encapsulates the cognitive resource diversity theory, which is the idea that diversity of cognitive resources promotes creativity
Functional diversity (organizational)
Functional_diversity_(organizational)
Neural structure
sensory neurons, V1R and V2R, respectively. This appears as a clear functional specialization, given the differential role of the two populations of sensory
Olfactory_bulb
Branch of psychology
corresponds to the idea of the ETS, considering sex dimorphism as a functional specialization of a species. Sex differentiation, according to the ETS, creates
Evolutionary_psychology
Croatian neuroscientist
brain. His work has also established that acute administration of LSD in healthy volunteers induces patterns of resting-state fMRI-based functional connectivity
Alan_Anticevic
Gyrus of the temporal and occipital lobes of the brain
PMC 4143420. PMID 24962370. Zilles, Weiner (2015). "The anatomical and functional specialization of the fusiform gyrus". Neuropsychologia. 83: 48–62. doi:10.1016/j
Fusiform_gyrus
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
"Contributions of the basal ganglia and functionally related brain structures to motor learning". Behavioural Brain Research. 199 (1): 61–75. doi:10.1016/j
Memory
Biological processes that may contribute to autism
developmental factors that affect many or all functional brain systems. Some factors may disturb the timing of brain development rather than the final product
Mechanism_of_autism
Fold in the surface of the brain
secondary sulci. The more constantly found sulci are those related to functional specialization. Tertiary sulci develop primarily after birth. The development
Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)
Stage of human development
Logerstedt, David; Micheli, Lyle J. (2015). "Sport Specialization, Part I: Does Early Sports Specialization Increase Negative Outcomes and Reduce the Opportunity
Preadolescence
Branch of medicine
Dementia Dyslexia Epilepsy Hemispatial Neglect Psychosis Stroke Traumatic brain injury While descriptions of behavioral syndromes go back to the ancient
Behavioral_neurology
American neurologist, neuropsychiatrist, author and professor
on various aspects of the human brain; two were on The New York Times Best Sellers List. His first bestseller, The Brain (1984), was also the first companion
Richard_Restak
Perception caused by wavelengths of light
(June 2005). "The Ferrier Lecture 1995 behind the seen: the functional specialization of the brain in space and time". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
Color
American neuropsychologist, neurobiologist and Nobel laureate
Nils Wiesel, won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work with split-brain research. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked
Roger_Wolcott_Sperry
Colombian neuroscientist (born 1934)
pain and brain abnormalities. Academic Press-Elsevier (2014). ISBN 9780123983893 Llinas, RR. Oscillation in the inferior olive neurons: Functional implication
Rodolfo_Llinás
Retention of juvenile traits into adulthood
studies of the brain, aerobic glycolysis activity has been detected at high levels in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which has functionality regarding
Neoteny_in_humans
Ability to identify objects
proposed functional specialization have been observed in functional imaging studies. The brain regions most consistently found to display functional specialization
Object recognition (cognitive science)
Object_recognition_(cognitive_science)
Spanish neuroscientist
laws of nervous excitability and a model of brain dynamics where the cortex is conceived as a dynamic functional unit with specificity in gradation, providing
Justo_Gonzalo
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
Boy/Male
French
Fictional swordsman: (ambitious and filled with religious aspirations) from Alexander Dumas's...
Male
Egyptian
, Functionary of the Interior.
Male
Egyptian
, a high Egyptian functionary.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Mighty Spearman; One who Saves; The Fictional Character Jorel Father of Superman
Boy/Male
English
The fictional character Jorel father of Superman.
Male
Egyptian
, an Egyptian functionary.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Mighty Spearman; The Fictional Character Jorel Father of Superman
Boy/Male
English
Modern. The fictional character Jorel father of Superman.
Biblical
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Male
Celtic
, great justiciary, or functionary.
Boy/Male
English
The fictional character Jorel father of Superman.
Boy/Male
Australian, French
Fictional Swordsman; Ambitious and Filled with Religious Aspirations; From Alexander Dumas's Three Musketeers
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Scandinavian
Farmer; The Fictional Character Jorel Father of Superman; Earth Worker
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Brainard.
Boy/Male
English
The fictional character Jorel father of Superman.
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian, Japanese
Mysterious Function
Male
Egyptian
, the son of the functionary Heknofre.
Male
Egyptian
, an Egyptian functionary.
Male
Egyptian
, a great functionary.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, French
Mighty Spearman; The Fictional Character Jorel Father of Superman
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
Boy/Male
Arabic
Beginning; Commencement
Male
Dutch
, nobly firm.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Bestowed
Girl/Female
Hindu
Wisdom, Knowledge, Learning, Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Arabic, Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Muslim
Intelligent
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Silver.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Servant of the Most Generous
Girl/Female
Tamil
Shrigauri | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®•à¯Œà®°à¯€
Goddess Parvati
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
German, Swedish
God is Holding
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION-BRAIN
n.
The appropriate action of any special organ or part of an animal or vegetable organism; as, the function of the heart or the limbs; the function of leaves, sap, roots, etc.; life is the sum of the functions of the various organs and parts of the body.
n.
Paper fractional currency.
adv.
In a functional manner; as regards normal or appropriate activity.
a.
Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a fraction; as, fractional numbers.
a.
Pertaining to, or connected with, a function or duty; official.
pl.
of Functionary
a.
Fractional.
n.
One charged with the performance of a function or office; as, a public functionary; secular functionaries.
n.
An angle upon which the value of some function depends; -- a term used more especially in connection with elliptic functions.
a.
Pertaining to the function of an organ or part, or to the functions in general.
v. i.
Alt. of Functionate
a.
Capable of, or pertaining to, flection or inflection.
n.
The office, duties, or functions of a minister, servant, or agent; ecclesiastical, executive, or ambassadorial function or profession.
n.
The act of specializing, or the state of being spezialized.
v. t.
To supply with an organ or organs having a special function or functions.
a.
Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a fractional part of the population.
v. i.
To execute or perform a function; to transact one's regular or appointed business.
n.
The setting apart of a particular organ for the performance of a particular function.
n.
A quantity so connected with another quantity, that if any alteration be made in the latter there will be a consequent alteration in the former. Each quantity is said to be a function of the other. Thus, the circumference of a circle is a function of the diameter. If x be a symbol to which different numerical values can be assigned, such expressions as x2, 3x, Log. x, and Sin. x, are all functions of x.
a.
Relating to friction; moved by friction; produced by friction; as, frictional electricity.