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Type of electrode
In vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes, a hot cathode or thermionic cathode is a cathode electrode which is heated to make it emit electrons due to thermionic
Hot_cathode
Electrode where reduction takes place
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device such as a lead–acid battery. This definition can be
Cathode
The hot-filament ionization gauge, sometimes called a hot-filament gauge or hot-cathode gauge, is the most widely used low-pressure (vacuum) measuring
Hot-filament_ionization_gauge
Type of electrode and part of cold cathode fluorescent lamp
tube. The other type of cathode is a hot cathode, which is heated by electric current passing through a filament. A cold cathode does not necessarily operate
Cold_cathode
Beam of electrons observed in vacuum tubes
Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied
Cathode_ray
Vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays
in 1913. The Coolidge tube, also called a hot cathode tube, uses thermionic emission, where a tungsten cathode is heated to a sufficiently high temperature
X-ray_tube
10−8 - 10−1 Pa) Most ion gauges come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version, an electrically heated filament produces an
Pressure_measurement
Vacuum tube used to display images
by the hot cathode, and no longer had to have a very high voltage to induce electron emission from the cold cathode. The technology of a cathode ray tube
Cathode_ray_tube
Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
as hot cathodes. However, cold cathode tubes have cathodes that emit electrons only due to the large voltage between the electrodes. The cathodes will
Fluorescent_lamp
Electronic numeric display device
not depend on thermionic emission of electrons from a hot cathode. It is hence a cold cathode tube (a form of gas-filled tube), and is a variant of the
Nixie_tube
Device that controls current between electrodes
or thermionic valve utilizes thermionic emission of electrons from a hot cathode for fundamental electronic functions such as signal amplification and
Vacuum_tube
Assembly of electrodes at either end of an insulated tube filled with gas
ceramics, and military tubes often use glass-lined metal. Both hot cathode and cold cathode type devices are encountered. Hydrogen is used in tubes used
Gas-filled_tube
Electrical conductor used to make contact with nonmetallic parts of a circuit
Electron versus electron hole Electron microscope Tafel equation Hot cathode Cold cathode Reversible charge injection limit Wikimedia Commons has media related
Electrode
Electrical component producing a narrow electron beam
electrostatic thermionic electron gun is formed from several parts: a hot cathode, which is heated to create a stream of electrons via thermionic emission;
Electron_gun
Device for generating a directed flow of plasma
but the hot water can itself be utilized. Furthermore, transferred DC torches can be used in a twin-torch setup, where one torch is cathodic and the other
Plasma_torch
Photon emission under the impact of an electron beam
with a "cold cathode" generating an electron beam by a corona discharge tube, the other one produces a beam using a "hot cathode". Cold-cathode CL microscopes
Cathodoluminescence
Thermally induced flow of charge carriers from a surface
emit electrons from a hot cathode into an enclosed vacuum and may steer those emitted electrons with applied voltage. The hot cathode can be a metal filament
Thermionic_emission
Space that is empty of matter
used in ultrahigh vacuum. They come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version an electrically heated filament produces an
Vacuum
Chemical compound
temperature of 0.45 K. The principal use of lanthanum hexaboride is in hot cathodes, either as a single crystal or as a coating deposited by physical vapor
Lanthanum_hexaboride
Type of discharge tube
English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869–1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. Developed from the earlier
Crookes_tube
Chemical element with atomic number 57 (La)
Lanthanum oxide and the boride are used in electronic vacuum tubes as hot cathode materials with strong emissivity of electrons. Crystals of LaB 6 are
Lanthanum
Form of electromagnetic radiation
used a hot cathode that caused an electric current to flow in a vacuum. This idea was quickly applied to X-ray tubes, and hence heated-cathode X-ray tubes
X-ray
Circuit that produces electrical noise
One common noise source was a thermally-limited (saturated-emission) hot-cathode vacuum tube diode. These sources could serve as white noise generators
Noise_generator
Corrosion prevention technique
Cathodic protection (CP; /kæˈθɒdɪk/ ) is a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell
Cathodic_protection
Medium for transmitting moving images and sound
using a cathode-ray tube as a receiver, the concept of using one as a transmitter was novel. The first cathode-ray tube to use a hot cathode was developed
Television
Gas-filled tube, electrical switch, rectifier
thyratron. A thyratron consists of a hot cathode, an anode, and one or more control grids between the anode and cathode in an airtight glass or ceramic envelope
Thyratron
Single-grid amplifying vacuum tube having three active electrodes
implementations but all are essentially triode devices. All triodes have a hot cathode electrode heated by a filament, which releases electrons, and a flat
Triode
American inventor (1905–1985)
discovered an unusual effect while experimenting with a Coolidge tube (hot cathode tube), a type of X-ray vacuum tube with two asymmetrical electrodes.
Thomas_Townsend_Brown
Type of energy
In thermionic electron guns, the work function and temperature of the hot cathode are critical parameters in determining the amount of current that can
Work_function
American physicist and engineer
invention. In 1913 he invented the Coolidge tube (hot cathode tube), an X-ray tube with an improved cathode for use in X-ray machines that allowed for more
William_D._Coolidge
Use of high-energy electrons to treat an object
material being processed (the "workpiece"). In operation, the gun's hot cathode emits electrons that are both accelerated and shaped into a collimated
Electron-beam_processing
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
from the propellant gas's atoms. These electrons can be provided by a hot cathode filament and accelerated through the potential difference towards an
Ion_thruster
Type of electrical rectifier with a liquid cathode
efficient rectifier. Hot-cathode, gas discharge tubes such as the thyratron may also achieve similar levels of efficiency but heated cathode filaments are delicate
Mercury-arc_valve
Type of particle accelerator
particle that is being accelerated. Electrons are generated by a cold cathode, a hot cathode, a photocathode, or radio frequency ion sources. Protons are generated
Linear_particle_accelerator
1914 confirmation of the atom's quantum nature
hot cathode; a metal mesh grid; and an anode. The grid's voltage is positive relative to the cathode, so that electrons emitted from the hot cathode are
Franck–Hertz_experiment
using a cathode ray tube as a receiver, the concept of using one as a transmitter was novel. The first cathode ray tube to use a hot cathode was developed
History_of_television
Electrode in the electron gun assembly of some thermionic devices
which is usually a tungsten filament or Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) hot cathode with a V-shaped (or otherwise pointed) tip. This bias voltage creates
Wehnelt_cylinder
Display used in consumer electronics
consists of a hot cathode (filaments), grids and anodes (phosphor) encased in a glass envelope under a high vacuum condition. The cathode is made up of
Vacuum_fluorescent_display
Electrode used to control electron flow within a vacuum tube
the first amplifying vacuum tube, the Audion (triode). In a valve, the hot cathode emits negatively charged electrons, which are attracted to and captured
Control_grid
Lighting to aid plant growth
tube. The other type of cathode is a hot cathode, which is heated by electric current passing through a filament. A cold cathode does not necessarily operate
Grow_light
Gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction with its environment
protecting metals from corrosion (oxidation) including painting, hot-dip galvanization, cathodic protection, and combinations of these. The materials most resistant
Corrosion
Chemical compound
high-current hot cathodes. Hexaborides show low work function, around 2.5 eV. They are also somewhat resistant to cathode poisoning. Cerium boride cathodes show
Cerium_hexaboride
Form of illumination used in liquid crystal displays
diodes (LEDs) An electroluminescent panel (ELP) Cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) Hot cathode fluorescent lamps (HCFLs) External electrode fluorescent
Backlight
Type of display device
Bertrand Johnson implemented the hot cathode to drastically reduce the voltage requirements for the device. The Cathode Ray Oscillograph was subsequently
Vector_monitor
Fast, high sensitivity, low noise electronic photon detector
(McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc.; 1954). J. Slepian, Westinghouse Electric, "Hot Cathode Tube" U.S. patent 1,450,265, Issued April 3, 1923 (Filed 1919) Iams,
Photomultiplier_tube
Machine for shuffling playing cards
using electrical devices. Signals from electrical noise sources (like a hot cathode gas discharge tube or a resistor) would typically be sent through filters
Shuffling_machine
Long conducting wires which can act as electrical motors or generators
Prewett, P.D., and Allen, J.E., "The double sheath Associated with a Hot Cathode," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A, Vol. 348, No.
Electrodynamic_tether
Vacuum tube used for amplifying radio waves
is extracted from the catcher cavity. At one end of the tube is the hot cathode which produces electrons when heated by a filament. The electrons are
Klystron
Analytical technique based on determining mass to charge ratio of ions
In electron ionization (EI), energetic electrons are produced by a hot cathode: a wire filament heated by running electric current through it, producing
Mass_spectrometry
American physicist and electrical engineer (1880–1966)
protect thermionic cathodes from rapid disintegration under ion bombardment. This discovery enabled the successful development of hot-cathode thyratrons (gaseous
Albert_W._Hull
following methods: bombarding the propellant with electrons emitted by a hot cathode or by an electron gun. a steady state electrical discharge between two
Electrodeless_plasma_thruster
Small mass spectrometer
in the surrounding vacuum chamber due to the high temperatures of the hot-cathode source (> 1300 °C). Electron Stimulated Desorption (ESD) is noted by
Residual_gas_analyzer
Treatment of cancer with ionized radiation
using an X-ray tube, in which electrons travel through a vacuum from a hot cathode to a cold anode, which also acts as the target. However, it is impractical
External_beam_radiotherapy
Artificial light sources powered by ionized gas electric discharge
families based on the pressure of gas, and whether or not the cathode is heated. Hot cathode lamps have electrodes that operate at a high temperature and
Gas-discharge_lamp
Class of chemical compounds
arranged in cuboctahedra. LaB6 is an inert refractory compound, used in hot cathodes because of its low work function which gives it a high rate of thermionic
Boride
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
can use metallic lithium for the anode and oxides or sulfides for the cathode, thereby enhancing energy density. The solid electrolyte acts as an ideal
Solid-state_battery
components that are responsible for its operation. These include the hot cathode, the intermediate electrode, and the anode. The intermediate electrode's
Duoplasmatron
Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
filament means that it runs hotter, which results in a more efficient light source. Electrical filaments are also used in hot cathodes of fluorescent lamps and
Incandescent_light_bulb
causes normal cathode coatings to fail prematurely. Dual modular redundancy "Definition of hot spare". PCMAG. Retrieved 2025-09-09. "Hot Spare". NETWORK
Hot_spare
Plug-in vacuum tube holder
bottoms of the pins, also keeping the bayonet pin engaged. The first hot-cathode CRT, the Western Electric 224-B, had a standard four-pin bayonet base
Tube_socket
First commercially viable UV-visible light absorbance instrument
As described in July 1941, the Beckman spectrophotometer could use a "hot cathode hydrogen discharge tube" or a tungsten light source interchangeably.
DU_spectrophotometer
Device that creates charged atoms and molecules (ions)
duoplasmatron is a type of glow discharge ion source that consists of a hot cathode or cold cathode that produces a plasma that is used to ionize a gas. They can
Ion_source
arc-mode caesium vapor thermionic converter by V. Wilson. Electrons from a hot cathode act as a working fluid which condenses on a cold anode and produces an
Timeline of heat engine technology
Timeline_of_heat_engine_technology
Synchrotron radiation facility at Lund University in Sweden
two electron sources below ground level, one thermionic source with a hot cathode, and one photoelectric source with a photocathode. The thermionic source
MAX_IV_Laboratory
Swedish scientist (1887–1970)
power and noise interference. Johnson fixed this problem by adding a hot cathode to the mechanism, creating a system which could operate at 300 volts
John_Bertrand_Johnson
Topics referred to by the same term
Immunohistochemistry Intrahepatic cholestasis Indirectly Heated Cathode, a type of hot cathode used in vacuum electronics tubes Intelligent Home Control, home
IHC
Chemical compound used in cathode-ray tubes
[citation needed] Barium oxide is used as a coating for hot cathodes, for example, those in cathode-ray tubes. It replaced lead(II) oxide in the production
Barium_oxide
Chemical compound
minutes. Barium hexaboride has been considered as a candidate for use in hot-cathode electron guns. Massidda, S.; Monnier, R.; Stoll, E. (October 2000). "Electronic
Barium_hexaboride
Two-terminal electronic component
with two electrodes, a heated cathode and a plate, in which electrons can flow in only one direction, from the cathode to the plate. Among many uses,
Diode
Electrochemical process
producing electricity. Another example is the cathodic protection of buried or submerged structures as well as hot water storage tanks. In this case, sacrificial
Galvanic_corrosion
construction alloys, e.g. brass and some brazing alloys. Tends to poison hot cathodes and form conductive deposits on surfaces. Any materials that have been
Materials_for_use_in_vacuum
cooling is provided by an air blower; heat can be recovered from the hot cathode off-gas stream to preheat the process air as needed, and for the generation
Integrated gasification fuel cell cycle
Integrated_gasification_fuel_cell_cycle
electrons emitted from the hot cathode. The operating conditions are set to avoid a space charge around the filament/cathode that would affect the electron
Noise-figure_meter
Electrochemical process for coating with metal
direct electric current. The part that needs to be coated acts as the cathode (negative electrode) of an electrolytic cell; the electrolyte is a solution
Electroplating
Use of electrons to join metal parts via melting
by the anode and control electrode voltages. The most frequently used cathode is made of a tungsten strip, about 0.05 mm thick, shaped as shown in Figure
Electron-beam_welding
Type of iron oxide
by either hot-dip galvanizing or electroplating. Zinc is traditionally used because it is cheap, adheres well to steel, and provides cathodic protection
Rust
American chemist (1868–1958)
French Legion of Honor. Coolidge also had a breakthrough in 1913 with his hot cathode X-ray tube. Ezekiel Weintraub worked on various projects alongside Coolidge
Willis_R._Whitney
Furnace that uses an electron beam to melt material
niobium, hafnium, etc.) and some exotic alloys. The EB furnaces use a hot cathode for production of electrons and high voltage for accelerating them towards
Electron-beam_furnace
Chemical compound
highly conductive, has low work function, and thus can be used as a hot cathode material. When used at elevated temperature, calcium hexaboride will
Calcium_hexaboride
Process of layering steel or iron with zinc to prevent rusting
lower coating thicknesses of zinc compared to hot-dip galvanization. Electroplating Aluminized steel Cathodic protection Corrugated galvanized iron Galvanic
Galvanization
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
move from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte. At the same time, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit
Fuel_cell
Device for generating microwaves
(called a control grid) is inserted between the cathode and the anode, the flow of electrons between the cathode and anode can be regulated by varying the voltage
Cavity_magnetron
Japanese electrical engineering researcher and professor
oscillations at wavelengths down to about 12 cm (2.5 GHz). He also developed a hot-cathode discharge device (called the Osaka tube) that had characteristics similar
Kinjiro_Okabe
Device generating calibrated broadband noise for RF and microwave measurements
avalanche breakdown. The earliest RF noise sources were saturated-emission hot-cathode vacuum diodes. In thermal saturation, all emitted electrons are collected
Radio_noise_source
Type of fuel cell
at the anode and reduction of water occurring at the cathode. Anode: 2 O2− → O2 + 4 e− Cathode: H2O + 2 e− → H2 + O2− Net Reaction: 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2
Solid_oxide_electrolyzer_cell
German physicist and television pioneer
Primary Current in Crystals." In this document, Flechsig dealt with hot cathodes and photocells. He also considered the work of Pohl assistant Bernhard
Werner_Flechsig
High-temperature fuel cells
and above, non-precious metals can be used as catalysts at the anode and cathode, reducing costs. Improved efficiency is another reason MCFCs offer significant
Molten_carbonate_fuel_cell
Chemical compound (H2SO4)
sulfate can be electrolyzed with a copper cathode and platinum/graphite anode to give spongy copper at cathode and oxygen gas at the anode. The solution
Sulfuric_acid
Main component of cathodic protection
galvanic anode, or sacrificial anode, is the main component of a galvanic cathodic protection system used to protect buried or submerged metal structures
Galvanic_anode
State of matter
bound electrons (negative) toward the anode (positive electrode) while the cathode (negative electrode) pulls the nucleus. As the voltage increases, the current
Plasma_(physics)
Skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
effective area, which then yielded 12 metres by 12 metres dimensions. A cathodic protection system is under the concrete to neutralise the sulphate and
Burj_Khalifa
Type of solid-state electric battery
plated on the cathode current collector." Goodenough went on to say in a later interview with Slashdot that the lithium plated on the cathode is on the "order
Glass_battery
Process of decreasing or eliminating a remnant magnetic field
Degaussing is also used to reduce magnetic fields in tape recorders and cathode-ray tube displays, and to destroy data held on magnetic storage. The term
Degaussing
Splitting of water using a semipermeable membrane
costs and environmental impact. The catalyst is generally applied to the cathode by spray-coating, since the carbon paper offers a relatively smooth and
Anion exchange membrane electrolysis
Anion_exchange_membrane_electrolysis
Technical standard in Japan
2118 – Aluminum alloy ingots for die castings JIS H 2121 – Electrolytic cathode copper JIS H 2141 – Silver bullion JIS H 2201 – Zinc alloy ingots for die
Japanese_Industrial_Standards
Reaction that combines atomic nuclei
via electrostatic fields. The best known is the fusor. This device has a cathode inside an anode wire cage. Positive ions fly toward the negative inner
Nuclear_fusion
Process to chlorinate swimming pools and hot tubs
Calcium and other alkali precipitate buildup will occur naturally on the cathode plate, and sometimes in the pool itself as "scaling". Regular maintenance
Salt_water_chlorination
Early radio equipment
The hot-wire barretter was a demodulating detector, invented in 1902 by Reginald Fessenden, that found limited use in early radio receivers. In effect
Hot-wire_barretter
Steel alloy resistant to corrosion
anode and corrodes faster than it would alone, while the other becomes the cathode and corrodes slower than it would alone. Stainless steel, due to having
Stainless_steel
Type of electrolyzer
diaphragm further avoids the mixing of the produced hydrogen and oxygen at the cathode and anode, respectively. The thickness of asbestos diaphragms ranges from
Alkaline_water_electrolysis
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Petemet and the lady Hemsuisi.
Female
Egyptian
, the sister of the royal scribe User-hat.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Not of the hot temper, Without anger, Gentle
Female
Thai/Siamese
Thai name HOM means "fragrant."
Male
Egyptian
, the son of Pnei-hor.
Female
Vietnamese
(Pronounced HWA) Vietnamese name HOA means "flower."
Female
Egyptian
, the mother of Hor-naskht.
Male
Egyptian
, the son of Pthah-hat-ankhef.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hoyt.
Female
Egyptian
, the wife of Ameni.
Female
Norwegian
Norwegian form of Latin Agatha, Ã…GOT means "good."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a tall, thin person, from Middle English hoit ‘long stick’.
Female
English
Pet form of English Dorothy, DOT means "gift of God."
Male
Egyptian
, the father of Osirtesen.
Surname or Lastname
English, North German, Danish, and Norwegian
English, North German, Danish, and Norwegian : topographic name for someone who lived in or by a small wood, Middle English, Middle Low German, Danish, Norwegian holt, or a habitational name from one of the very many places named with this word. In England the surname is widely distributed, but rather more common in Lancashire than elsewhere.Shortened form of Dutch van Holt, a habitational name from places named Holt (see 1).
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Not Cold; Hot; Cloud; Water; Traveller
Male
English
English byname for a tall, skinny person, turned surname turned forename, from Middle English hoit, HOYT means "long stick."
Male
Greek
(Λώτ) Greek form of Hebrew Lowt, LOT means "covering, veil." In the bible, this is the name of a nephew of Abraham and father of Moab.
Male
Egyptian
, house of Horus.
Female
Egyptian
, the wife of Pakhrua.
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
Female
English
Contracted form of Spanish Adelmira, ALMIRA means "nobly famous."Â In use by the English, as is its variant Elmira.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Divided.
Girl/Female
English American
Feminine manly.
Girl/Female
Italian Latin
Bean farmer.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Light splendour
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord ganapathy
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Lovable
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil
Handsome
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish (of Norman origin)
English and Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Falaise in Calvados, France, the birthplace of William the Conqueror. The place is so named from Old French falaise ‘cliff’ (a word of Germanic origin).Scottish and northern Irish : reduced form of McFalls.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Lives at the East Cottage
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
HOT CATHODE
superl.
Acrid; biting; pungent; as, hot as mustard.
a.
More or less brittle when heated; as, hot-short iron.
p. p.
of Hote
imp. & p. p.
of Hit
a.
Ardent in temper; violent; rash; impetuous; as, hot-brained youth.
a.
Not to be injured by shot; shot-proof.
pl.
of Shot
a.
Hot.
a.
Red with heat; heated to redness; as, red-hot iron; red-hot balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a red-hot radical.
a.
Hot.
pl.
of Mot
a.
Having a fiery spirit; hot-headed.
Sing. pres. ind.
of Mot
v. i.
To use a hoe; to labor with a hoe.
a.
Having hot blood; excitable; high-spirited; irritable; ardent; passionate.
superl.
Having much sensible heat; exciting the feeling of warmth in a great degree; very warm; -- opposed to cold, and exceeding warm in degree; as, a hot stove; hot water or air.