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Data structure in a Unix file system
An inode (index node) is a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory. Each inode stores
Inode
Chinese tile-based game
Mahjong is a tile-based game for three to four players. Though regional variations may exclude certain tiles or add unique ones, it is typically played
Mahjong
File system structure for locating files
using GNOME, KDE Plasma 5, or ROX Desktop as the desktop environment – is "inode/directory". This is not an IANA registered media type. Historically, and
Directory_(computing)
Hierarchy/layout for directing inodes in a Unix File System
The inode pointer structure is a structure adopted by the inode of a file in the Version 6 Unix file system, Version 7 Unix file system, and Unix File
Inode_pointer_structure
Species of plant
Yucatán Peninsula) Synonyms Synonymy Corypha palmetto Walter Inodes palmetto (Walter) O.F.Cook Inodes schwarzii O.F.Cook Chamaerops palmetto (Walter) Michx.
Sabal_palmetto
File system for the Linux kernel
directory is represented by an inode. The term "inode" comes from "index node" (over time, it became i-node and then inode). The inode includes data about the
Ext2
System resource identifier in operating systems
and possibly other modes. It also indexes into a third table called the inode table that describes the actual underlying files. To perform input or output
File_descriptor
Journaling file system for Linux
bitmap tracks usage of inodes. Each bit in the bitmap represents an inode. If an inode is in use then its corresponding bit in Inode bitmap will be set;
Ext4
Shared-disk file system for Linux computer clusters
cluster. Each inode on the filesystem has two glocks associated with it. One (called the iopen glock) keeps track of which processes have the inode open. The
GFS2
File system used by many Unix and Unix-like operating systems
entries, inode 1 was the inode of the bad block file in historical UNIX versions, followed by the inode for the root directory, which is always inode 2 and
Unix_File_System
Species of palm
range Synonyms Erythea loretensis M.E.Jones Inodes exul O.F.Cook Inodes mexicana (Mart.) Standl. Inodes texana O.F.Cook Sabal exul (O.F.Cook) L.H.Bailey
Sabal_mexicana
Communications endpoint for exchanging data between processes
provide additional namespaces. Processes refer to a UDS through a file system inode, allowing two processes to communicate by opening the same socket. In addition
Unix_domain_socket
Log-structured file system for flash memory devices
holding a name and an inode number. Hard links are represented as different names with the same inode number. The special inode number 0 represents an
JFFS2
Type of data structure
block, and every node that is not a leaf (called a branch, inner node, or inode) is labelled with the cryptographic hash of the labels of its child nodes
Merkle_tree
Journaling file system for IRIX and Linux
the Linux kernel in September 2030. XFS v5 introduced "bigtime", to store inode timestamps as a 64-bit nanosecond counter instead of the traditional 32-bit
XFS
Copy-on-write file system
system does not create a new link pointing to an existing inode; instead, it creates a new inode that initially shares the same disk blocks with the original
Btrfs
File system
tree. JFS dynamically allocates space for disk inodes as necessary. Each inode is 512 bytes. 32 inodes are allocated on a 16 kB Extent. JFS allocates
JFS_(file_system)
Linux kernel security module
AppArmor. One important difference: SELinux identifies file system objects by inode number instead of path. Under AppArmor an inaccessible file may become accessible
AppArmor
Abstractions used in the NTFS file system
references file data and metadata. Entries in the MFT correspond to both inodes (index nodes) and directory entries in a typical Unix file system. In NTFS
NTFS_links
Directory entry (in a directory-based file system) that associates a name with a file
(This is because a hard link is a "name → inode" association where the inode is identified by its number, and inode numbers are only unique within their partition
Hard_link
Species of moth
Labdia inodes is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1922. It is known from India. Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching
Labdia_inodes
Signal to a computer processor emitted by hardware or software
access, file systems Boot loader Defragmentation Device file File attribute Inode Journal Partition Virtual file system Virtual tape library Supporting concepts
Interrupt
Flash memory file system
structures, F2FS has three types of nodes: inode, direct node, indirect node. F2FS assigns 4 KB to an inode block which contains 923 data block indices
F2FS
Technology for controlling access to file system items
its contained files and directories, but not to access their metadata (inode) and therefore their content, which is determined by the directory execute
File-system_permissions
Topics referred to by the same term
stat (system call), a Unix system call that returns file attributes of an inode Stat (TV series), an American sitcom that aired in 1991 Stat (website),
STAT
Linux subsystem for filesystem monitoring
inotify (inode notify) is a Linux kernel subsystem created by John McCutchan, which monitors changes to the filesystem, and reports those changes to applications
Inotify
Any file that contains a reference to another file or directory
path within the data structures used for storing file information on disk (inodes). This space stores a list of disk block addresses allocated to a file.
Symbolic_link
Shell command that copies file
copies the content by opening it in update mode. This preserves the file's inode instead of creating a new file with default permissions. The command was
Cp_(Unix)
Computer software bug occurring in 2038
Unix time problem: File systems that use 32 bits to represent times in inodes, such as ext2, ext3, and reiserFS. Databases with 32-bit time fields. Database
Year_2038_problem
Shell command for creating a link file
that refers to a file's inode (an internal reference). A file can have multiple hard links – each referring to the same inode. Creating a hard link does
Ln_(Unix)
Family of computer operating systems
each of which performs a limited, well-defined function. A unified and inode-based filesystem and an inter-process communication mechanism known as "pipes"
Unix
Copy-on-write file system
a volume is the inode file, which contains the inodes for all other files; the inode for the inode file itself, called the root inode, is stored in a
Write_Anywhere_File_Layout
Distributed version control software system
systems solve this by giving a file a unique long-lived name (analogous to an inode number) that survives renaming. Git does not record such an identifier,
Git
difficulties of JFFS2 with larger flash-memory drives. LogFS stores the inode tree on the drive; JFFS2 does not, which requires it to scan the entire
LogFS
Journaling file system for Linux
dynamic allocation of inodes, and block sub-allocation. A directory can have at most 31998 subdirectories, because an inode can have at most 32,000
Ext3
Open-source file system
conventional Unix-style inode/file/directory design. A Tux3 inode table is a B-tree with versioned attributes at the leaves. A file is an inode attribute that
Tux3
Journaling file system
stores file metadata ("stat items"), directory entries ("directory items"), inode block lists ("indirect items"), and tails of files ("direct items") in a
ReiserFS
File system for tracking pending changes
involves three steps: Removing its directory entry. Releasing the inode to the pool of free inodes. Returning all disk blocks to the pool of free disk blocks
Journaling_file_system
Electro-mechanical data storage device
files include the File Allocation Table (FAT) in the MS-DOS file system and inodes in many UNIX file systems, as well as other operating system data structures
Hard_disk_drive
(1). Inodes updated to point to (2). Inode map blocks updated to point at (3). Unlike UFS, inodes in LFS do not have fixed locations. An inode map—a
Log-structured File System (BSD)
Log-structured_File_System_(BSD)
Shell command for reporting available file system space
metric units (e.g. 10 MB). Available in the BSD and GNU coreutils. -i Lists inode usage. Available in the BSD and GNU coreutils. -l Restricts reporting to
Df_(Unix)
File system for operating systems
actual metadata, like inode information and disk bitmaps, are accessible in the same way as any other file on the file system (as /.inodes and /.bitmap, respectively)
QNX4FS
Native file system of the Minix operating system
number of inodes and zones, the size of the two bitmaps and the starting block of the data area. The inode bitmap is a simple map of the inodes that tracks
MINIX_file_system
Copy-on-write file system developed by Apple
devices with relatively small or large amounts of storage. It uses 64-bit inode numbers, and allows for more secure storage by using a technology called
Apple_File_System
Computer file containing no data
A zero-byte file or zero-length file is a computer file containing no data. As the size (a.k.a. length) of a file is often measured in bytes, such a file
Zero-byte_file
Monotypic genus of tortrix moths
albitibiana Snellen, 1902 Argyroploce inodes Meyrick, 1911 Argyroploce conchifera Meyrick, 1931 Sycacantha inodes perspicua Diakonoff, 1968 Sycacantha
Sisona
Free Unix-like operating system kernel
create, open, read, write and close. VFS implements a generic superblock and inode block that is independent from the one that the underlying filesystem has
Linux_kernel
First or top-most directory in a hierarchy
directory below the root directory. Normally, "/.." points back to the same inode as "/", however, under MUNIX [de], this can be changed to point to a super-root
Root_directory
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
ISSN 0036-1445. JSTOR 2031144. OCLC 37699182. Edge, Jake (18 May 2022). "Snapshots, inodes, and filesystem identifiers". LWN.net. Retrieved 31 January 2026. "gen_uuid
Universally_unique_identifier
Parallel distributed file system
inode with a single RPC request, but currently they are only ever granted a read lock for the inode. The MDS manages all modifications to the inode in
Lustre_(file_system)
Sharing of data between running processes in a computer system
system as their address space. Processes reference a domain socket as an inode, and multiple processes can communicate with one socket All POSIX operating
Inter-process_communication
Open-source file system
single log for the entire file system, each inode has its own, dedicated log that records the updates to the inode. This allows for increased concurrency in
NOVA_(filesystem)
Feature of the Linux kernel that partitions kernel resources
kind:[inode_number]. These inode numbers correspond one-to-one with unique namespace objects in the kernel memory. If two processes show the same inode number
Linux_namespaces
Identifier for file formats
context of Linux desktop environments, the unofficial top-level types inode (inodes other than normal files, such as filesystem directories, device files
Media_type
Second tallest building and fourth tallest structure in Austria
tenants include: inter alia Cirquent, Trivadis, CSC, Carlson Wagonlit, Inode (UTA), Agip and Cisco. Owner George Stumpf sold the Millennium Tower in
Millennium_Tower_(Vienna)
Species of plant
The species was first described by American botanist Orator F. Cook as Inodes causiarum in 1901. The specific epithet, causiarum means "of hats"; the
Sabal_causiarum
Compressed read-only file system for Linux
compressed read-only file system for Linux. Squashfs compresses files, inodes and directories, and supports block sizes from 4 KiB up to 1 MiB for greater
SquashFS
Small file that represents another file
information used to locate the original are: path file ID (inode number) directory ID (inode number) name file size Since any of these properties can change
Alias_(Mac_OS)
Linux file system
long-term viability: ext2 remedied issues with ext, such as the immutability of inodes and fragmentation. There are other members in the extended file system family:
Extended_file_system
extents but a slightly different implementational choice. Only for "stuffed" inodes Other block:fragment size ratios supported; 8:1 is typical and recommended
Comparison_of_file_systems
Value identifying a user account in Unix and Unix-like operating systems
The password file maps textual user names to UIDs. UIDs are stored in the inodes of the Unix file system, running processes, tar archives, and the now-obsolete
User_identifier
2017 operating system version
system in macOS for the first time with High Sierra. It supports 64‑bit inode numbers, is designed for flash memory, and is designed to speed up common
MacOS_High_Sierra
Proprietary file system developed by Microsoft
POSIX subsystem in Windows NT. Although hard links use the same MFT record (inode) which records file metadata such as file size, modification date, and attributes
NTFS
DOS File Allocation Table (FAT), the NTFS Master File Table (MFT), and an inode table in a file system for a Unix-like system. The VTOC is not used to contain
Volume_Table_of_Contents
Family of text editors
collection of text to which editing commands will be applied; The name and inode of the file the buffer is visiting (if any); The default directory, where
Emacs
Species of plant in the genus Sabal
Arecaceae Genus: Sabal Species: S. rosei Binomial name Sabal rosei (O.F.Cook) Becc. Synonyms Inodes rosei O.F.Cook Sabal uresana var. roseana I.M.Johnst.
Sabal_rosei
classes of network nodes. These are: Premises Access (MSAN) Metro Core iNode Premises nodes includes residential, small-medium enterprise (SME) and enterprise
BT_21CN
Computer filing system
by associating the file name with an index in a table of contents or an inode in a Unix-like file system. Directory structures may be flat (i.e. linear)
File_system
Wikipedia since 2008, open-source project which optimizes the consumption of inodes and thus fills hard drives. Contains an annotation space for archived documents
List of web archiving initiatives
List_of_web_archiving_initiatives
Interface to device driver that appears in filesystem
place Extent File attribute Extended file attributes File change log Fork Inode Links Hard Symbolic Access control Access-control list Filesystem-level
Device_file
place Extent File attribute Extended file attributes File change log Fork Inode Links Hard Symbolic Access control Access-control list Filesystem-level
Steganographic_file_system
E-mail format
generators. In, where n is (in hexadecimal) the UNIX inode number of this file. Unfortunately, inode numbers aren't always available through NFS. Vn, where
Maildir
Journaling filesystem based on ext3
portal List of file systems Comparison of file systems The maximum number of inodes (and hence the maximum number of files and directories) is set when the
Next3
defined for the Ctrie: structure INode { main: CNode } structure CNode { bmp: integer array: Branch[2^W] } Branch: INode | SNode structure SNode { k: KeyType
Ctrie
Linux distribution
August 18, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015. "CloudLinux Releases New Inode Limits Feature for cPanel". TheWhir.com. Retrieved September 19, 2015. "CloudLinux
CloudLinux_OS
Linked node hierarchical data structure
case it is called empty. An internal node (also known as an inner node, inode for short, or branch node) is any node of a tree that has child nodes. Similarly
Tree_(abstract_data_type)
File system from DragonFly BSD
place Extent File attribute Extended file attributes File change log Fork Inode Links Hard Symbolic Access control Access-control list Filesystem-level
HAMMER2
Unix system call for querying file metadata
Fields include: st_dev – identifier of device containing file st_ino – inode number st_mode – a bit field containing file access modes and special file
Stat_(system_call)
UnixWare file system
Partition IDs 0x63 (MBR) Structures Directory contents single inode table File allocation 16-bit inodes Limits Max filename length 14 characters Other Supported
Boot_File_System
Early commercial UNIX operating system
California, Berkeley; it also improved performance by adding buffer and inode caches. It also added support for inter-process communication using messages
UNIX_System_V
Text string used to uniquely identify a computer file
traditional Unix-style file systems, the names are hard links to the file's inode or equivalent. Windows supports hard links on NTFS file systems, and provides
Filename
Representation of time used in computers
modified, and/or accessed by storing timestamps in the file control block (or inode) of each file and directory. Most first-generation personal computers did
System_time
Format used to deliver movies to cinemas
and are required to have read support for these file systems. Usually the inode size is set to 128 bytes to avoid compatibility issues with some servers
Digital_Cinema_Package
Collection of standard, Unix-based utilities from GNU
waits) for a specified amount of time stat – Reports information about an inode stdbuf – Runs a command with custom standard streams configuration stty
GNU_Core_Utilities
Operating system
bind system call uses random port numbers; files are created with random inode numbers; and IP datagrams have random identifiers. This approach also helps
OpenBSD
Linux kernel security module
is that AppArmor identifies file system objects by path name instead of inode. This means that, for example, a file that is inaccessible may become accessible
SELinux
Data compression archiver and format
any type of inode (directory, plain files, symlinks, special devices, named pipes, sockets, doors, ...) Takes care of hard-linked inodes (hard-linked
Dar_(disk_archiver)
Computer resource for recording data on a storage device
with a file from user-space is simply through its filename (instead of its inode). For example, rm filename will not delete the file itself, but only a link
Computer_file
Limit set by a system administrator restricting some file system usage
amount of disk space that can be used. The second, known as a file quota or inode quota, limits the number of files and directories that can be created. In
Disk_quota
Software engineering discipline
access, file systems Boot loader Defragmentation Device file File attribute Inode Journal Partition Virtual file system Virtual tape library Supporting concepts
Forensic_software_engineering
File system
metadata, directories, snapshot structures, quotas structures, and a logical inode mapping structure are all based on mirrored B+ trees. Block addresses are
OneFS_distributed_file_system
File archiver and associated file format
separated by header sections with file meta information, such as filename, inode number, ownership, permissions, and timestamps. By convention, the file
Cpio
Computing command
access mode; the file's lock status; the file's device numbers; the file's inode number; the file's size or offset; the name of the file system containing
Lsof
Free and open-source Unix-like operating system
synchronous metadata writes, especially when creating a large number of inodes. Support for soft updates on NetBSD FFS(v1/2) was eventually removed in
NetBSD
Species of palm
Species: S. bermudana Binomial name Sabal bermudana L.H.Bailey Synonyms Inodes princeps (Becc.) Cif. & Giacom. Sabal beccariana L.H.Bailey Sabal princeps
Sabal_bermudana
File system from DragonFly BSD
correction and data deduplication, and dynamic inodes allocation with an effectively unlimited number of inodes. As of May 2020[update], regular maintenance
HAMMER_(file_system)
Linux file system
multiple snapshots. Other NILFS features include: B-tree based file and inode management. Immediate recovery after system crash. 64-bit data structures;
NILFS
inode structures on 32-bit architectures at the same time when the Unix LFS API is activated in program code. When the kernel moved to 64-bit inodes the
Large-file_support
Computer systems programming special block code
access, file systems Boot loader Defragmentation Device file File attribute Inode Journal Partition Virtual file system Virtual tape library Supporting concepts
Interrupt_handler
Type of decentralized filesystem
place Extent File attribute Extended file attributes File change log Fork Inode Links Hard Symbolic Access control Access-control list Filesystem-level
Clustered_file_system
INODE
INODE
INODE
INODE
Girl/Female
Tamil
Princess
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
To be Worshiped
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Splitting; Breaking
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Cruse.Americanized spelling of German and Danish Kruse.
Girl/Female
Biblical
My singing, rejoicing, bearing rule.
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish
Earth Child
Girl/Female
Muslim
Captivating, Enchanting
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Cold Rayed; The Moon
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English, Jamaican
Dweller at the Rocky Village
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
Lord Shiva
INODE
INODE
INODE
INODE
INODE