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Placing data accessed sequentially into non-sequential blocks
In block storage devices such as hard disk drives, interleaving is a technique used to improve slow system performance by putting data accessed sequentially
Interleaving_(disk_storage)
Topics referred to by the same term
blocks on disk storage Interleaved posting, an e-mail posting style Interleaving (bitmaps), a technique for encoding bitmapped images Interleaving the bits
Interleaving
Data segmentation technique
and grid-oriented storage, and RAM in some systems. One method of striping is done by interleaving sequential segments on storage devices in a round-robin
Data_striping
Interleaving introduced gaps between data sectors to allow time for slow equipment to get ready to read the next block of data. Without interleaving,
Hard disk drive performance characteristics
Hard_disk_drive_performance_characteristics
Logical or physical division of storage media
In computer disk storage, a sector is a subdivision of a track on a magnetic disk or optical disc. For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of
Disk_sector
Process of preparing a data storage device for initial use
Disk formatting is the process of preparing a data storage device such as a hard disk drive, solid-state drive, floppy disk, memory card or USB flash
Disk_formatting
Computer storage device with no moving parts
or solid-state disk. Etymologically, "solid-state drive" partly refers to existing data storage devices like tape drives and hard disk drives, which all
Solid-state_drive
Scheme for controlling errors in data over noisy communication channels
conditions caused by having a failed antenna. Interleaving is frequently used in digital communication and storage systems to improve the performance of forward
Error_correction_code
Computer floppy disk format
write the disks, which made copying of products distributed on this data storage medium more difficult. An Apple Macintosh computer running Disk Copy 6.3
Distribution_Media_Format
Digital optical disc data storage format
general-purpose data storage under the CD-ROM format, which initially offered more capacity than contemporary personal computer hard disk drives. Additional
Compact_disc
Magnetic data storage device
timing-compensation, called the "skip factor" or "interleaving", was used for many years in storage memory controllers. Tauschek's original drum memory
Drum_memory
Computer memory architecture
memory to virtual memory, i.e. mass storage, commonly referred to as disk regardless of the actual mass storage technology used). Modern programming
Memory_hierarchy
Computer storage interface standard
The connection is used for computer storage such as hard disks, high-capacity floppy disk variants, optical disks, and tape. The standard is maintained
Parallel_ATA
IBM PC compatible home computer system
floppy disk drive (720 KB) was installed as a mass storage device. An external 31⁄2-inch floppy disk drive with 720 KB (FD720), a 51⁄4-inch floppy disk drive
Schneider_Euro_PC
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
CP/M is a disk operating system and its purpose is to organize files on a magnetic storage medium, and to load and run programs stored on a disk. Initially
CP/M
8-bit British home computer released in late 1989
has a direct connection for a cassette recorder for data storage but two 3.5 inch floppy disk drives can be installed within the case as well or externally
SAM_Coupé
Family of disk operating systems
tapes for data storage and retrieval. When Apple Computer introduced the Apple II in April 1977, the new computer had no disk drive or disk operating system
Apple_DOS
Digital optical disc format
data-storage systems Comparison of video player software: Optical media ability, for a list of software BD video players Digital 3D and 3D television Disk-drive
Blu-ray
1982 DEC microcomputer
is a physical to logical track mapping to effect a 2:1 sector interleaving. The disks were formatted with the physical sectors in order numbered 1 to
Rainbow_100
Class of software bugs
and the OS puts the victim to sleep while it is reading the directory from disk. Algorithmic complexity attacks force the victim to spend its entire scheduling
Time-of-check_to_time-of-use
Particular execution of a computer program
First, the process is "created" by being loaded from a secondary storage device (hard disk drive, CD-ROM, etc.) into main memory. After that the process
Process_(computing)
Data recovery software
SpinRite is a computer program for scanning RAS Random Access Storage devices such as hard disks, reading and rewriting data to resolve and retrieve data that
SpinRite
Self-correcting computer data storage
words across chips, a form of interleaving. To make sure each chip only gets one bit per word, it may be necessary to interleave across multiple memory modules
ECC_memory
Computer expansion bus standard
sound cards, Wi-Fi and Ethernet adapters, and storage devices such as solid-state drives and hard disk drives. Compared to earlier standards, PCIe supports
PCI_Express
Feature of computer systems
relatively slow data transfer. Many hardware systems use DMA, including disk drive controllers, graphics cards, network cards, sound cards and dedicated
Direct_memory_access
Solid state storage device
solid state storage device from SanDisk that connects flash storage directly onto the DDR3 memory bus. Unlike traditional PCIe Flash Storage devices, the
ULLtraDIMM
Type of computer memory
computer to be read out. Such an attack was demonstrated to circumvent popular disk encryption systems, such as the open source TrueCrypt, Microsoft's BitLocker
Dynamic_random-access_memory
Line code used in early magnetic data storage
on most floppy disks and some hard disk drives. It was first introduced on hard disks in 1970 with the IBM 3330 and then in floppy disk drives beginning
Modified_frequency_modulation
Computer file system architecture design
is a physical to logical track mapping to effect a 2:1 sector interleaving. The disks were formatted with the physical sectors in order numbered 1 to
Design_of_the_FAT_file_system
Computer workstation
Performance is improved if 2-way interleaving is used (giving 512 MB or 2 GB) and maximum performance is achieved with 4-way interleaving, in which case all 16 memory
Ultra_80
Floppy disk drive for the Commodore 64
disk drive which was made by Commodore International for the Commodore 64 (C64), Commodore's most popular home computer. The best-known floppy disk drive
Commodore_1541
Pre-pressed compact disc containing computer data
the capacity of optical discs Optical disc drive – Type of computer disk storage drive History of optical recording Phase-change Dual – Rewritable optical
CD-ROM
Type of computer memory
Cache, DRAM, Disk. Morgan Kaufmann. p. 324. ISBN 9780080553849. Jacob, B.; Ng, S. W.; Wang, D. T. (2008). Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk. Morgan Kaufmann
Synchronous dynamic random-access memory
Synchronous_dynamic_random-access_memory
Laptop model series by HP
unbuffered, asymmetric or interleaved operation supported. Storage: 2 internal SATA 2.5" drive bays, supports compatible hard disk drives (and solid state
HP_Pavilion_dv9000_series
Device or software for encoding or decoding a digital data stream
sets ease the strain on relatively expensive storage sub-systems such as non-volatile memory and hard disk, as well as write-once-read-many formats such
Codec
Subsidiary partition table in the MBR partitioning scheme
logical partitions". Large Disk HOWTO. Retrieved 2011-07-19. "ATA-5" (PDF). T13/1321D. INCITS Technical Committee T10 SCSI Storage Interfaces. 2000. Archived
Extended_boot_record
1970 mainframe computer
removable disk storage subsystem provided up to 16 drives using disks compatible with the IBM 3336-11 disk packs used in 3330-11 drives. The disks were formatted
Honeywell_6000_series
Digital electronic representation of moving visual images
video has many advantages, such as easy copying, multicasting, sharing and storage. Digital video was first introduced commercially in 1986 with the Sony
Digital_video
the original on 2016-12-27. Retrieved 2014-02-22. "VMware Virtual Disks Virtual Disk Format 1.1". VMware. Archived from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved
List_of_file_signatures
Digital oscilloscopes can be classified into two primary categories: digital storage oscilloscopes and digital sampling oscilloscopes. Newer variants include
Oscilloscope_types
Reliable digital data delivery methods on unreliable channels
fiber-optic communication and Wi-Fi, as well as for reliable storage in media such as flash memory, hard disk and RAM. Error-correcting codes are usually distinguished
Error detection and correction
Error_detection_and_correction
Line of home computers
bigger keycaps. Peripherals included tape cassette storage, serial printers, a 5.25-inch floppy disk drive, a pen and graphics tablet called the X-Pad
TRS-80_Color_Computer
Magneto-optical storage medium, mainly for audio (1992–2013)
MiniDisc (MD) is a discontinued erasable magneto-optical disc-based data storage format offering a capacity of 60, 74, or 80 minutes of digitized audio
MiniDisc
Computer workstation
improved if 2-way interleaving is used (giving 512 MB or 2 GB)[citation needed]. The Ultra 60 takes one or two 1" high SCA SCSI disk drives internally
Ultra_60
is defined as 1024 × 1024 bytes. DEC RA90/RA92 Disk Drive Service Manual "RA90 Disk Drive ... Storage capacity, formatted 1.216 gigabytes" (512 bytes/sector
Timeline_of_binary_prefixes
Discontinued mainframe computer system
announced on August 2, 1972. Prior 370 systems had not "offered virtual storage capability, which was to be a hallmark of the 370 line," and some said
IBM_System/370_Model_168
Parallel distributed file system
application programming interface. Disk storage is connected to the Lustre MDS and OSS server nodes using direct attached storage (NVM_Express#NVMe-oF, SAS, FC
Lustre_(file_system)
delays. To address this problem, they proposed a permutation-based page interleaving method, which they presented and published in the International Symposium
Xiaodong Zhang (computer scientist)
Xiaodong_Zhang_(computer_scientist)
Machine to increase pressure of gas by reducing its volume
5,000 horsepower to nearby mines. Centrifugal compressors use a rotating disk or impeller in a shaped housing to force the gas to the rim of the impeller
Compressor
Concurrent execution of multiple processes
end. As a result, a computer executes segments of multiple tasks in an interleaved manner, while the tasks share common processing resources such as central
Computer_multitasking
Magnetic audio tape recording format
Problems playing this file? See media help. Floppy disk storage had become the standard data storage medium in the United States by the mid-1980s; for
Cassette_tape
File format
playback from digital media servers, HTTP servers, and local storage devices such as hard disk drives. The most common media contained within an ASF file
Advanced_Systems_Format
Access Objects DAO—Disk-At-Once DAP—Directory Access Protocol DARPA—Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DAS—Direct Attached Storage DAT—Digital Audio
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
1985 personal computer
logo on its case, the majority of the case is elevated slightly to give a storage area for the keyboard when not in use (a "keyboard garage"), and the inside
Amiga_1000
Data science software
functionalities without the need for complicated install or uninstall procedures. Interleaving No-Code with Code: the platform supports integrating both visual programming
KNIME
Workstation made by Sun Microsystems
64 MB memory. Paired memory modules decrease access times via "bank interleaving" resulting in faster memory and overall system performance. Additional
SPARCstation_IPX
Parallel programming model
and development on Apache Mahout had moved on to more capable and less disk-oriented mechanisms that incorporated full map and reduce capabilities. MapReduce
MapReduce
Interactive multimedia and video gaming standard
CD-ROM), the Green Book CD-i standard solves synchronisation problems by interleaving audio and video information on a single track. The format quickly gained
CD-i
File format to hold multiple data streams
MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 elementary streams on reasonably reliable media such as disks; used also on DVD-Video discs) MPEG-2 transport stream (a.k.a. MPEG-TS)
Container_format
Digital video codecs and tape formats
computer files in raw form or wrapped in such file formats as Audio Video Interleave (AVI), QuickTime (QT) and Material Exchange Format (MXF). One video frame
DV_(video_format)
Digital audio recording format
OnStream for use as a data storage media for computers. MR heads are now also commonly used in hard disks, although hard disks now use the giant magnetoresistance
Digital_Compact_Cassette
Family of 1960s mainframe computers
words of central memory storage, any combination of disks, disk packs, or drums to provide 24 million characters of mass storage, a punched card reader
CDC_6000_series
American computer company, 1982–2010
economy of conventional hard disks. Other storage products included Sun Fire X4500 storage server and SAM-QFS filesystem and storage management software. Sun
Sun_Microsystems
Data format used for audio compact discs
Cassettes, Majors Say". Billboard. Kozinn, Allan (December 1988). "Have Compact Disks Become Too Much of a Good Thing?". The New York Times. Introducing the amazing
Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio
Study of the properties of codes and their fitness
mainly dust or scratches. CDs use cross-interleaved Reed–Solomon coding to spread the data out over the disk. Although not a very good code, a simple
Coding_theory
on a particular DASD volume. With the exception of the IBM Z compatible disk layout in Linux on Z, it is the functional equivalent of the MS/PC DOS File
Volume_Table_of_Contents
Search tree data structure
hash table when the data is directly accessed on a secondary storage device such as a hard disk drive that has higher random access time than the main memory
Trie
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
Single-event upset) caused by cosmic rays passing through memory or disk storage, than the result of mischance at UUID-generation time. The smallest number
Universally_unique_identifier
files have the .fpx file extension. FlashPix uses Microsoft's structured storage format, which stores hierarchical data in a single file. Each image is
FlashPix
Communication protocol for streaming data over the Internet
However, in practice, individual fragments are not typically interleaved. Instead, the interleaving and multiplexing is done at the packet level, with RTMP
Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol
High-performance input/output architecture
card deck, from a magnetic tape, or from a direct access storage device (DASD), e.g., disk, drum. The Read IPL (X'02') command, which is simulated by
Channel_I/O
256 MB (2x 128 MB) for some third-party memory cards Optional 40 GB hard disk drive (requires Network Adaptor) Disc Drive type: proprietary interface through
PlayStation 2 technical specifications
PlayStation_2_technical_specifications
Defunct telecommunications node in the United States; part of the Bell System
compatibility, and used smaller remreed switches, fewer relays, and featured disk storage. It was in service from 1976 to 2017. The voice switching fabric plan
Number One Electronic Switching System
Number_One_Electronic_Switching_System
Computer memory architecture
Margaret (September 2005). "JBOD (just a bunch of disks or just a bunch of drives)". SearchStorage.TechTarget.com. Retrieved 2014-01-09. Ke, Chih-Hua
Multi-channel memory architecture
Multi-channel_memory_architecture
Copying digital media to a data storage device
copy a DVD byte by byte via programs like the Linux dd command onto a hard disk, and play the resulting ISO file just as one would play the original DVD
Ripping
Gramophone records with non standard features
purposes. Common variances from standard records include pigmented vinyl, disks filled with a substance such as oil, or unusually shaped records. These
Unusual types of gramophone records
Unusual_types_of_gramophone_records
File format
store, and playback, sequences of frames and to minimize both the storage space on disk (through compression) and playback time (through efficient de-compression
ANIM
for punched card use, the format survived the transition to storage in computer files on disk. Non-IBM mainframe batch systems had some form of job control
Job_control_(computing)
NOAA weather satellite
antennas. GOES-18 ABI data will be available via a Cloud interface and interleaving with GOES-17 non-ABI product data. After its operational transition,
GOES-18
further extend storage by adding a TellyRAID system, providing any amount of storage, plus the added protection of RAID in case a hard disk drive fails -
Telly (home entertainment server)
Telly_(home_entertainment_server)
Electronic component
ceramic disks use metallic coatings, with wire leads bonded to the coating. Larger values can be made by multiple stacks of plates and disks. Larger value
Capacitor
German WWII heavy tank
immobilisation when mud, ice, and snow froze between its overlapping and interleaved Schachtellaufwerk-pattern road wheels, often jamming them solid. The
Tiger_I
8-bit microprocessor
offerings. Western Digital's WD1003-SCS is a 1:1 interleave SCSI disk controller that interfaces to ST506-style disk drives. It is an example of an embedded 8085
Intel_8085
1987 IBM desktop computer
width and reducing the interleave skip factor from three to two. IBM included a disk-caching utility on the included Reference Disk in an attempt to help
IBM_PS/2_Model_30
Personal computer by Atari
version) 3½" floppy disk drive Ports: MIDI In/Out 3 x RS-232 Serial LAN RS-422 Printer VGA Monitor (analog RGB and Mono) Extra Disk drive port ACSI and
Atari_TT030
Laptop model series by HP
unbuffered, asymmetric or interleaved operation supported. Storage: 1 internal SATA drive bay, accepts 2.5 inch hard disk drives and solid state drives
HP_Pavilion_dv2000_series
Librascope General Purpose computer (1956)
complete drum (or disk) revolution each time a data reference was made. The LGP-30 provided for operand-location optimization by interleaving the logical addresses
LGP-30
Technique to manage digital images' colors in a limited fashion
limited-power CPUs (of the order of 4 to 8 MHz), file storage (cassette tapes and low density floppy disks). Notable computer graphics systems extensively (or
Indexed_color
Computing resource shared by concurrent users
charge for seconds of CPU time, and a charge for kilobyte-months of disk storage. Common systems used for time-sharing included the SDS 940, the PDP-10
Time-sharing
File format standard for storing audio on PCs
first generation archived files of high quality, for use on a system where disk space and network bandwidth are not constraints. In spite of their large
WAV
Personal computer by Apple Computer
256 MB Type of RAM: 30-pin SIMM (16 slots) Minimum RAM Speed: 80 ns Interleaving Support: No Graphics: Integrated Display Connection: DB-15 Graphics Memory:
Macintosh_Quadra_900
Erlang Runtime System". happi.github.io. Retrieved 2018-05-07. "Bitmap Storage". microsoft.com. 2018-05-31. Retrieved 2020-09-12. "BPS File Extension
List of filename extensions (A–E)
List_of_filename_extensions_(A–E)
Personal computer sold in Britain
interrupts were disabled during disk access in these modes. The screen would also blank during disc accesses. Disks had to be manually mounted and dismounted
Acorn_Electron
Format used to store digital video on DVDs
AnyDVD, MacTheRipper, and DVD Shrink allows a disc to be copied to hard disk unscrambled. Some DeCSS applications also remove Macrovision, region codes
DVD-Video
Home video game console
store the BASIC program code in the video RAM. This was accomplished by interleaving every bit of the program along with the display itself; BASIC used all
Bally_Astrocade
Distributed version control software system
their entirety using zlib compression. This can consume a large amount of disk space quickly, so objects can be combined into packs, which use delta compression
Git
Digital audio workstation
of disk space with Red Ryder host on a 1 MB Macintosh Plus. With the release of Apple Macintosh II in 1987, which provided card slots, a hard disk, and
Pro_Tools
Vacuum tube used to display images
used for fine adjustments. One of the ends of the electron gun has a glass disk, the edges of which are fused with the edge of the neck of the CRT, possibly
Cathode_ray_tube
Design of high-performance computers
computer cabinets and 262 terabytes of distributed memory; 2 petabytes of disk storage is implemented via Lustre clustered files. Tianhe-1 uses a proprietary
Supercomputer_architecture
Earth observation satellite
processing facility. By 1 October 2025, the satellite was unpacked from its storage container and prepared for its launch campaign. Meanwhile, at ESOC, the
Sentinel-6B
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or fish seller, or a nickname for someone supposedly resembling a fish in some way, from Old Norse fiskr ‘fish’ (cognate with Old English fisc).
Male
Egyptian
, the most lovely Disk.
Male
German
 Short form of German Diederick, DIRK means "first of the people; king of nations."
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Scandinavian
Fisherman; Fish
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Swedish, Teutonic
Rich and Powerful Ruler; Powerful; Rich Ruler; Dominant Ruler; Peaceful Ruler; Strong Power; Hardy Power; Powerful Ruler; Brave; First of the People
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Ruler of People
Boy/Male
Swedish English
Fisherman.
Male
Dutch
, people's ruler.
Boy/Male
German Teutonic American Dutch English
Dagger.
Boy/Male
Teutonic American English German Shakespearean
Rules the people.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Indian, Netherlands, Scandinavian, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic
Ruler of the People; Form of Derek; First of the People; King of Nations
Boy/Male
Australian, Egyptian
Sun Disk
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Greek, Norse, Scandinavian, Swedish
Active Spirit; Goddess; Double
Male
English
 Short form of English Richard, DICK means "powerful ruler." Compare with another form of Dick.
Girl/Female
Norse
Spirited.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Diss in Suffolk, which gets its name from a Norman pronunciation of Middle English diche, Old English dīc ‘ditch’, ‘dike’ (see Dyke).German : habitational name from Dissen near the Teutoburg forest.
Girl/Female
British, English
Direction
Girl/Female
Norse Greek
Spirited.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. The name has been recorded in Glastonbury, Somerset, since 1705.Perhaps a variant of Czech LiÅ¡ka, (see Liska), Slovak LÃÅ¡ka, or German Liske.
Male
Egyptian
, disk.
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Northumbria and Wiltshire, named in Old English as ‘mill stream’ (see Milburn).
Boy/Male
Tamil
Supreme spirit, Lord of the lords, A name of Lord Rama
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
The Universe
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess of Concentration
Girl/Female
Irish American
Melancholy. Aolder name Deirdre. In Celtic legend Deirdre died of a broken heart.
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, Finnish, French, German, Netherlands, Swedish
Entire; Universal; Rival; Eager; Laborious; Imitating; Work; Hardworking; Industrious; Embracing Everything; Variant of Emily
Boy/Male
Muslim
Hindi
Boy/Male
Indian
Gentleness
Boy/Male
Biblical Hebrew
To cast, elevated.
Boy/Male
Spanish American
Gift of God.
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
INTERLEAVING DISK-STORAGE
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Interweave
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Interleave
v. t.
To form by interlaying interweaving; to braid; to plait.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.
v. t.
To put in a dish, ready for the table.
a.
Disk-shaped; discoid.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disc, a germinal disc, etc. Same as Disk.
n.
To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle.
n.
To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.
v. t.
To make concave, or depress in the middle, like a dish; as, to dish a wheel by inclining the spokes.
v. i.
To grow dusk.
n.
The food served in a dish; hence, any particular kind of food; as, a cold dish; a warm dish; a delicious dish. "A dish fit for the gods."
n.
The lower side of the body of some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion, when it is often called a creeping disk.
n.
The state of being concave, or like a dish, or the degree of such concavity; as, the dish of a wheel.
n.
A disk. See Disk.
v. t.
To stab with a dirk.
n.
Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between light and darkness; twilight; as, the dusk of the evening.
v. t.
To shut up, as in a desk; to treasure.
v. t.
To make dusk.
n.
A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.