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The languages of Turkey, apart from the official language Turkish, include the widespread Kurdish, and a number of less common minority languages. Four
Languages_of_Turkey
Turkic language
spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 90 million speakers. It is the national language of Turkey and one of two official languages of Cyprus. Significant
Turkish_language
Country in Southeastern Europe and West Asia
World's Major Languages (3rd ed.). Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315644936. ISBN 978-0-19-506511-4. Kornfilt, Jaklin. "Turkish and the Turkic Languages". In Comrie
Turkey
Oghuz Turkic language of the Balkans
Gagauz Turkish, Balkan Gagauz, Balkan Turkish or Rumelian Turkish (Turkish: Rumeli Türkçesi), is a Turkic language spoken in European Turkey, in Dulovo
Balkan_Turkish_language
Whistled version of the Turkish language
Turkish bird language (Turkish: kuş dili) is a version of the Turkish language communicated through high-pitched whistles and melodies. It was originally
Turkish_bird_language
Official regulatory body of the Turkish language
research on Turkish and other Turkic languages, and is charged with publishing the official dictionary of the language, Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. A Language Council
Turkish_Language_Association
1932–1982 government language campaign
the idea of borrowing words from other Turkic languages, particularly the ancient written languages of Central Asia, besides the Istanbul Turkish. The publication
Turkish_language_reform
Deaf sign language of Turkey
Turkish Sign Language (Turkish: Türk İşaret Dili, TİD) is the language used by the deaf community in Turkey. As with other sign languages, TİD has a unique
Turkish_Sign_Language
Turkic language
Turkish) is a Turkic language from the Oghuz sub-branch. It is spoken primarily by the Azerbaijani people, who are native to the Azerbaijan region of
Azerbaijani_language
Latin script for the Turkish language
The Turkish alphabet (Turkish: Türk alfabesi or Türk abecesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters
Turkish_alphabet
Northwestern Iranian dialect continuum
a Northwestern Iranian language or group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in southeast Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest
Kurdish_language
Standardized register of Turkish in the Ottoman Empire
now far fewer loan words from other languages, and Ottoman Turkish was not instantly transformed into the Turkish of today. At first, it was only the script
Ottoman_Turkish
Indo-European language
living language. Among the Indo-European languages, its date of earliest written attestation is matched only by the now-extinct Anatolian languages. The
Greek_language
Demographic features of the population of Turkey include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious
Demographics_of_Turkey
Northwestern Iranian language spoken in Turkey
Northwestern Iranian branch and spoken in various regions of Turkey by the Zaza people. The language comprises three primary varieties; northern, southern
Zaza_language
Branch of northwestern Iranian languages
are two languages belonging to the Northwestern Iranian branch of the Iranian languages. The archaic linguistic features of the two languages have led
Zaza–Gorani_languages
Indo-European language
mainly in Turkey) are considerable, and there are two written languages. Vaux, Bert (2007-01-24). "Homshetsma, The language of the Armenians of Hamshen"
Armenian_language
Modern varieties of the Aramaic language
classified as Neo-Aramaic languages. However, the classical languages continue to have influence over the colloquial Neo-Aramaic languages. The most prominent
Neo-Aramaic_languages
1995, p.237 Gordon, Raymond G. Jr., ed. (2005). "Languages of Turkey (Europe)". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Fifteenth ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International
Minorities_in_Turkey
Peninsula of Turkey in Western Asia
the Ottoman Turkish authorities or expelled from the bulk of the area of modern-day Turkey. Nonetheless, a variety of non-Turkic languages continue to
Anatolia
Northern Kurdish dialect
termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq
Kurmanji
Kipchak Turkic language
къырым тили, قریم تلی), is a Turkic language spoken in Crimea and the Crimean Tatar diasporas of Uzbekistan, Romania, Turkey and Bulgaria, as well as small
Crimean_Tatar_language
Kipchak Turkic language of Central Asia
which is a member of the South Siberian branch of Turkic languages. The living successor languages of Yenisei Kyrgyz are the Khakas language in the Russian
Kyrgyz_language
Minorities in Turkey Demographics of Turkey Languages of Turkey Geographical name changes in Turkey Human rights in Turkey Treaty of Sèvres Treaty of Lausanne
Secession_in_Turkey
Indo-European language
associated with the languages. Other languages in or near the former Roman area either came on the scene later (Turkish, the Slavic languages, Arabic) or borrowed
Albanian_language
national standard languages may be considered separate languages even though they are largely mutually intelligible, as in the case of Danish and Norwegian
List of languages by number of native speakers
List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers
250 languages indigenous to Europe, and most belong to the Indo-European language family. Out of a total European population of 744 million as of 2018
Languages_of_Europe
Northwest Caucasian language
Caucasian language spoken by the western subgroups of Circassians. Native to Circassia in the Caucasus, it is one of the two official languages of Adygea
Adyghe_language
City in eastern Turkey
Van is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, on the eastern shore of Lake Van. It is the capital and largest city of Van Province. Van has a long history
Van,_Turkey
from influences of foreign languages, improve it as science suggests and prevent misuse of the Turkish language. The Republican Turkish authorities initially
Education_in_Turkey
Northwest Caucasian language
Abaza, like its relatives in the family of Northwest Caucasian languages, is a highly agglutinative language. For example, the verb in the English sentence
Abaza_language
Ottoman Empire. Turkish is the official language of Turkey, the de facto country of North Cyprus and is one of the official languages of Cyprus. It also
Turkish_dialects
Kartvelian language of Turkey and Georgia
of the four Kartvelian languages also known as South Caucasian languages. Along with Mingrelian, it forms the Zan branch of this Kartvelian language family
Laz_language
Turkish national public broadcaster
The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT; Turkish: Türkiye Radyo Televizyon Kurumu) is the national public broadcaster of Turkey, founded in
Turkish Radio and Television Corporation
Turkish_Radio_and_Television_Corporation
Topics referred to by the same term
Turkish people in the world Culture of Turkey History of Turkey History of the Republic of Turkey Turkic languages This disambiguation page lists articles
Turkish
Language family of Eurasia
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia, from Southeastern Europe and Eastern
Turkic_languages
This is a list of languages by total number of speakers. It is difficult to define what constitutes a language as opposed to a dialect. For example, while
List of languages by total number of speakers
List_of_languages_by_total_number_of_speakers
Northwest Caucasian language natively spoken by Circassians
dictionary of the Circassian language. George Bell. Retrieved 25 August 2012., Circassian, English, Turkish A guide to North Caucasian languages Kabardian
Kabardian_language
Indo-Aryan language
as two separate languages within the Central (Hindustani) group of languages. The Dom and the Rom are most likely to be descendants of two different migration
Domari_language
Romance language historically spoken by Sephardi Jews
language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews Judeo-Iranian languages, languages historically spoken by Mizrahi Jews in the former territories of the
Judaeo-Spanish
Variety of Bulgarian
Turkey to refer to some of the Rup dialects of the Bulgarian language spoken by the Pomaks of Western Thrace in Greece and Eastern Thrace in Turkey.
Pomak_language
Language family
Sea, in contrast to the Northeast Caucasian languages as the Caspian languages), is a family of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region,
Northwest_Caucasian_languages
languages of the Republic of Cyprus are Greek and Turkish. The everyday spoken language (vernacular) of Greek Cypriots is Cypriot Greek, and that of Turkish
Languages_of_Cyprus
Indo-Aryan macrolanguage of the Romani people
influenced by Turkish. Romani is sometimes classified in the Central Zone or Northwestern Zone Indo-Aryan languages, and sometimes treated as a group of its own
Romani_language
Pre-WWI Neo-Aramaic dialects
language of the Assyrians) and also in more modern times from their surrounding languages: Kurdish, Arabic, Persian, Azerbaijani and Turkish language
Northeastern_Neo-Aramaic
Turkic language of the Oghuz sub-branch
Most morphophonetic rules are common in Turkmen and Turkish languages. For instance, both languages show vowel harmony and consonant mutation rules, and
Turkmen_language
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Turkey
the Circassians in Turkey were assimilated to some degree, a portion of the diaspora still speaks their native Circassian languages as it is still spoken
Circassians_in_Turkey
North American genus of large birds
as being one of the heaviest birds in the order Galliformes. There are two extant turkey species: the wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) of Southern, Central
Turkey_(bird)
Ethnic group
Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Ermenileri; Armenian: Թուրքահայեր or Թրքահայեր, T’urk’ahayer, 'Turkish Armenians'), one of the indigenous peoples of Turkey,
Armenians_in_Turkey
Turkish nationalist pseudoscientific theory
("The Origin of Languages, Religions and Peoples"), that all languages originated from hieroglyphs and cuneiform used by Sumerians. Turkish linguists claimed
Sun_Language_Theory
Eastern South Slavic language
Serbia, Romania, Hungary, Albania, Greece and Turkey. One can divide the development of the Bulgarian language into several periods. The Prehistoric period
Bulgarian_language
The history of the Jews in Turkey (Turkish: Türk Yahudileri or Türk Musevileri; Hebrew: יְהוּדִים טוּרְקִים, romanized: Yehudim Turkim; (Ladino: Djudios
History_of_the_Jews_in_Turkey
Romani dialect of the Balkans
Turkish and Greek might be the most influential languages on Balkan Romani but other languages, such as Armenian, have also influenced it. Part of the
Balkan_Romani
Supreme law of the Republic of Turkey
The Constitution of Turkey, formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası), and informally as the
Constitution_of_Turkey
Endangered Greek dialect
Empire Jewish languages Yevanic at Ethnologue (13th ed., 1996). Spolsky, B., S. B. Benor. 2006. "Jewish Languages." In Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics
Yevanic
Ethnic group
1995, p.237 Gordon, Raymond G. Jr., ed. (2005). "Languages of Turkey (Europe)". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Fifteenth ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International
Pomaks_in_Turkey
Language family native to Eurasia
(Anatolian and Tocharian), as are a number of other Indo-European languages. Today the individual Indo-European languages with the most native speakers are Spanish
Indo-European_languages
Dialect of Middle Aramaic
Syria and the area of Southeast Turkey north of these areas. In the English language, the term "Syriac" is used as a glottonym (language name) designating
Syriac_language
Official language of the country of Georgia
also serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages. Its speakers amount to approximately 3.8 million. Georgian is written
Georgian_language
Dialect of the Kurdish language
In Turkey, the language is spoken by the Şêxbizin tribe, scattered around the country. Most scholars agree that Laki is part of the Kurdish language group
Laki_language
Emulation of speech by whistling
is men's language: although women may understand it, they do not use it. Though whistled languages are not secret codes or secret languages (with the
Whistled_language
The history of Turkey, understood as the history of the area now forming the territory of the Republic of Turkey, includes the history of both Anatolia
History_of_Turkey
Language spoken in parts but not all of a country
Internationally, for the purposes of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, "regional or minority languages" means languages that are: traditionally
Regional_language
Iranic people in eastern Turkey
Iranian language belonging to the Indo-European language family. Zazas live primarily in the Eastern Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia regions of Turkey. They
Zazas
Standard variety of Serbo-Croatian
of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Bosniaks. It is one of the three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a co-official language in
Bosnian_language
Turkic ethnic group
Turks (Turkish: Türkler), or Turkish people, are the largest Turkic ethnic group, comprising the majority of the population of Turkey and Northern Cyprus
Turkish_people
2025. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD and G20. Ratified in 1995, the European Union–Turkey Customs Union is a free trade area between Turkey and
Economy_of_Turkey
Ethnic group in the Republic of Turkey
any language by the Turkish government, though "Kurdish" was allowed in census reports. Following the military coup of 1980, the Kurdish languages were
Kurds_in_Turkey
Variety of modern Greek
from the rest of the mainland Greek. However, the dialect has also been influenced by the nearby Persian, Caucasian, and Turkish languages. Greek linguist
Pontic_Greek
Neo-Aramaic varieties
found in other Semitic languages and also in unrelated languages such as Finnish (Uralic), Persian (Indo-European) and Turkish (Turkic). Moreover, unlike
Suret_language
improvement of minorities language rights in Turkey, the only language of instruction in the education system is Turkish language. Minority languages are illegal
Human_rights_in_Turkey
official language of Bulgaria is Bulgarian, which is spoken natively by 86.2% of the country's population. Other major languages are Turkish (8.8%), and
Languages_of_Bulgaria
Turkish government-funded initiative
be accepted as citizens of Turkey if they did not speak Turkish or accepted Turkish culture. Consequently, non-Turkish languages taught in minority schools
Citizen,_speak_Turkish!
Kipchak Turkic language
influenced by Turkish (mostly its Ottoman variety with Arabic and Persian influences) and Nogai languages. Most of the Uralic languages in the Volga River
Tatar_language
Central Neo-Aramaic language
designating a specific Neo-Aramaic language of the mountain region of Tur Abdin in southeastern part of modern Turkey (hence Turabdinian Aramaic). Other
Turoyo_language
Ethnic group in Turkey
Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye'deki Bulgarlar, Bulgarian: Българи в Турция) form a minority of Turkey. They are Bulgarian expatriates in Turkey or Turkish citizens
Bulgarians_in_Turkey
Greek minority in Turkey
The Greeks in Turkey constitute a small population of Greek and Greek-speaking Eastern Orthodox Christians who mostly live in Istanbul, as well as on
Greeks_in_Turkey
Language family indigenous to the South Caucasus
endangered as its speakers are shifting to Turkish. The Kartvelian language family consists of four closely related languages: Svan (ლუშნუ ნინ, lušnu nin), with
Kartvelian_languages
Variety of Levantine Arabic spoken in Turkey
number of speakers. Due to pressures against minority languages, younger generations of the Arabic-speaking communities increasingly use Turkish as their
Cilician_Arabic
The national flag of Turkey, officially the Turkish flag (Turkish: Türk bayrağı), features a white crescent and star in a red background on its emblem
Flag_of_Turkey
Topics referred to by the same term
Old Turkish language may refer to: Old Anatolian Turkish language Old Turkic language Ottoman Turkish language This disambiguation page lists articles
Old_Turkish_language
language as well as several other languages once spoken widely in Turkey. Turkey's place names range from those of unknown or unrecognizable origins to
Toponyms_of_Turkey
official language of Greece is Greek, and recognized minority languages are Armenian, Ladino and Turkish. Nevertheless, there are several other languages in
Languages of the European Union
Languages_of_the_European_Union
Armenian dialect
romanized: Homshetsi lizu; Turkish: Hemşince) is an archaic Armenian dialect or a language spoken by the eastern and northern group of Hemshin peoples (Hemşinli)
Homshetsi_dialect
Turkish most widely spoken of the Turkic languages. It is the national language of Turkey and one of two official languages of Cyprus. The list below shows
List of countries and territories where Turkish is a recognized language
List_of_countries_and_territories_where_Turkish_is_a_recognized_language
Northeast Caucasian language
Bursa regions of Turkey especially in Kirne (Ortaca), a village in Balikesir Province which touches the western coast, being south-west of Istanbul. The
Lezgian_language
Policy of the Turkish state
various dialects of Northwestern Iranic languages, have historically constituted the demographic majority in southeastern Turkey (or "Turkish Kurdistan") and
Denial_of_Kurds_by_Turkey
Romance language of the Balkans
via Macedonian and Bulgarian languages and other languages of the Balkans. Prior to the creation of the modern state of Greece, Megleno-Romanian borrowed
Megleno-Romanian_language
timeline list of films produced in Turkey and in the Turkish language ordered by year and decade on separate pages. For a complete A-Z list of films on Wikipedia
List_of_Turkish_films_by_year
In Turkey, secularism or laicism (see laïcité) was first introduced with the 1928 amendment of the Constitution of 1924, which removed the provision declaring
Secularism_in_Turkey
Third largest ethnic group in Iraq
"A Language in Search of a Nation: Turkish in the Nation-State", in Baeumer, Max L.; Scaglione, Aldo D. (eds.), The Emergence of National Languages, Longo
Iraqi_Turkmens
Deaf sign language of Turkey
(link) "Signing in a 'deaf family' – documentation of the Mardin Sign Language, Turkey | Endangered Languages Archive". www.elararchive.org. Retrieved 2026-01-26
Mardin_Sign_Language
list of the largest cities and towns in Turkey by population, which includes cities and towns that are provincial capitals or have a population of at least
List of largest cities and towns in Turkey
List_of_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Turkey
Major dialect group and standard form of Armenian
Language Day, a new edition of the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger was released by UNESCO in which the Western Armenian language in Turkey was
Western_Armenian
Branch of Kartvelian containing Mingrelian and Laz
languages, or Zanuri (Georgian: ზანური ენები) or Colchidian, are a branch of the Kartvelian languages constituted by the Mingrelian and Laz languages
Zan_languages
Unicameral legislature of Turkey
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the unicameral legislative branch of the Turkish government. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey
Region in the Eastern Mediterranean
Arabic (in eastern Syria). Of the languages of Cyprus, the two official languages are Turkish and Greek. The most used languages by population are Greek
Levant
page is a list of lists of languages. SIL International's Ethnologue: Languages of the World lists over 7,100 spoken and signed languages. The International
Lists_of_languages
Languages of the former empire and its peoples
main languages, known as "Alsina-i Thalātha" (The Three Languages), that were common to Ottoman readers: Ottoman Turkish, Arabic and Persian. Turkish was
Languages of the Ottoman Empire
Languages_of_the_Ottoman_Empire
Men's association football team
The Turkey national football team (Turkish: Türkiye millî futbol takımı), recognized as Türkiye by FIFA and UEFA, represent Turkey in men's international
Turkey_national_football_team
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LANGUAGES OF-TURKEY
LANGUAGES OF-TURKEY
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LANGUAGES OF-TURKEY
LANGUAGES OF-TURKEY
LANGUAGES OF-TURKEY
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