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Software optimization technique
In programming language theory, lazy evaluation, or call-by-need, is an evaluation strategy which delays the evaluation of an expression until its value
Lazy_evaluation
Programming language evaluation rules
and some authors define lazy evaluation as normal order evaluation or vice-versa, or confuse non-strictness with lazy evaluation. Boolean expressions in
Evaluation_strategy
Programming language construct
Short-circuit evaluation, minimal evaluation, or McCarthy evaluation (after John McCarthy) is the semantics of some Boolean operators in some programming
Short-circuit_evaluation
Programming paradigm based on applying and composing functions
before invoking the function. Lazy evaluation does not evaluate function arguments unless their values are required to evaluate the function call itself.
Functional_programming
"Similar Functional Languages". Retrieved 26 November 2013. "(Scheme) 17. Lazy Evaluation". Retrieved 30 April 2020. "Records - Revised6 Report on the Algorithmic
Comparison of functional programming languages
Comparison_of_functional_programming_languages
Functional programming language
typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including
Haskell
Programming language derived from Perl
list transformations, and parameter passing. Related to lazy evaluation is the construction of lazy lists using gather and take, behaving somewhat like generators
Raku_(programming_language)
Programming language using strict evaluation
allows the user to define non-strict functions, and hence may allow lazy evaluation. In most non-strict languages, the non-strictness extends to data constructors
Strict_programming_language
Functional programming language
are normally eager evaluation, but a lazy evaluation option exists, indicated by the use of the d operator. Usually, to evaluate an expression of the
Unlambda
Functional programming language
implementation of Hope used strict evaluation, but there have since been lazy evaluation versions and strict versions with lazy constructors. A successor language
Hope_(programming_language)
Delay of a task until it is first needed
expensive process until the first time it is needed. It is a kind of lazy evaluation that refers specifically to the instantiation of objects or other resources
Lazy_initialization
Technique for program optimization
1998). C++ Templates as Partial Evaluation. pp. 15–. arXiv:cs/9810010. OCLC 691120251. Applying Dynamic Partial Evaluation to dynamic, reflective programming
Partial_evaluation
Programming language
to allow a lazy evaluation strategy in programs, unlike the traditional eager evaluation strategy of Standard ML. While Haskell uses the lazy model by default
Alice_(programming_language)
Efficient version of non-strict evaluation
non-strict evaluation, an evaluation strategy where the arguments to a function are not immediately evaluated. This form of non-strict evaluation is also
Graph_reduction
Programming paradigm entirely based on functions
programs are evaluated, since eager evaluation will return the same result as lazy evaluation. However, it is still possible that an eager evaluation may not
Purely_functional_programming
Computer science constructs
in call by need. Lazy futures are of use in languages which evaluation strategy is by default not lazy. For example, in C++11 such lazy futures can be created
Futures_and_promises
Design pattern in computer programming
Dynamic loading Proxy pattern Lazy evaluation Lazy initialization Software design pattern "What is Lazy Loading | Lazy vs. Eager Loading | Imperva". Learning
Lazy_loading
Data structure implementable in purely functional languages
summarized below. Lazy evaluation is particularly interesting in a purely functional language because the order of the evaluation never changes the result
Purely functional data structure
Purely_functional_data_structure
Strongly typed language that compiles to JavaScript
defined as having a strict evaluation strategy, although there are non-conforming back-ends which implement a lazy evaluation strategy. It is free and open-source
PureScript
General-purpose programming language
Scheme, Standard ML, and Haskell), including currying, immutability, lazy evaluation, and pattern matching. It also has an advanced type system supporting
Scala_(programming_language)
Multiparadigm programming language
programming paradigms, including logic, functional (both lazy evaluation and eager evaluation), imperative, object-oriented, constraint, distributed, and
Oz_(programming_language)
Potentially infinite analog of a list, in type theory and functional programming
Generating and computing with streams requires lazy evaluation, either implicitly in a lazily evaluated language or by creating and forcing thunks in an
Stream_(abstract_data_type)
the client. Remote evaluation belongs to the family of mobile code, within the field of code mobility. An example for remote evaluation is grid computing:
Remote_evaluation
Software engineering principle
Object-oriented programming design principles Unix philosophy – simple tools Lazy evaluation Lazy loading Jeffries, Ronald E.; Anderson, Ann; Hendrickson, Chet (2001)
You_aren't_gonna_need_it
Computer science textbook
Evaluation Modeling with Mutable Data Concurrency: Time Is of the Essence Streams The Metacircular Evaluator Variations on a Scheme – Lazy Evaluation
Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs
Haskell but with important differences: Omega uses strict evaluation (Hugs uses lazy evaluation); Ability to introduce new kinds; Allows writing functions
Omega_interpreter
Microsoft programming language
F# is an expression-based language using eager evaluation and also in some instances lazy evaluation. Every statement in F#, including if expressions
F Sharp (programming language)
F_Sharp_(programming_language)
Functional programming language created in 2007
programming language with dependent types, quantity annotations, optional lazy evaluation, and features such as a totality checker. Idris is designed to be a
Idris_(programming_language)
The term Lazy specification is coined by analogy with lazy evaluation in functional programming. The latter describes the delayed evaluation of sub-expressions
Lazy_systematic_unit_testing
programming concepts. It was first used for early experimentation with lazy evaluation. An implementation based on a stack, environment, control, dump virtual
Lispkit_Lisp
Whether a program behaves differently if expressions and their values are interchanged
optimizing code by means of memoization, common subexpression elimination, lazy evaluation, constant folding, or parallelization. The concept originated in Alfred
Referential_transparency
Higher-order function which returns some fixed point of the input function
else n * f(n - 1)) (5) This works because R uses lazy evaluation. Languages that use strict evaluation, such as Python, C++, and other strict programming
Fixed-point_combinator
Functional data processing and query language
performance and usability aspects of these technologies. Jaql supports lazy evaluation, so expressions are only materialized when needed. The basic concept
Jaql
British computer scientist (1946–2023)
languages, including the first for functional programming based on lazy evaluation, combinator graph reduction, and polymorphic types: SASL (1972), Kent
David Turner (computer scientist)
David_Turner_(computer_scientist)
Expression in a computer program
use a lazy evaluation, that is, if the value of the expression can be determined from the left hand Boolean expression then they do not evaluate the right
Boolean_expression
American and British computer scientist
programming language. In 1993, Launchbury provided a formal description of lazy evaluation, addressing challenges in analyzing a program’s storage requirements
John_Launchbury
Algorithm for generating pseudo-randomized numbers
The following is an implementation of an LCG in Haskell utilizing a lazy evaluation strategy to generate an infinite stream of output values in a list:
Linear_congruential_generator
Type of subroutine
research produced a series of lazy evaluation programming languages in which some variant of call-by-name is the standard evaluation strategy. Compilers for
Thunk
Comparative Notes on Algol 68 and PL/I – S. H. Valentine – November 1974 1976 – Evaluation of ALGOL 68, JOVIAL J3B, Pascal, Simula 67, and TACPOL Versus TINMAN –
Comparison of programming languages
Comparison_of_programming_languages
Functional programming language
Orwell is a small, lazy evaluation, functional programming language implemented principally by Martin Raskovsky and first released in 1984 by Philip Wadler
Orwell_(programming_language)
Family of higher-order functions
is that, in the case of left folds using lazy evaluation, the new initial parameter is not being evaluated before the recursive call is made. This can
Fold_(higher-order_function)
Software library for data analysis
operations. Polars is also designed to use lazy evaluation (where a query optimizer will use the most efficient evaluation after looking at all steps) compared
Polars_(software)
numerical applications, e.g., higher-order functions, polymorphism, or lazy evaluation, are not supported by SAC (yet). They are supported in general-purpose
SAC_programming_language
Versions of a JavaScript standard
wrap iterators like Array and provides a functional interface with lazy evaluation. Promise.try: call a method which may or may not be a promise as a
ECMAScript_version_history
Proof method in mathematical logic
lazy predicates, and concurrent communicating predicates. Co-LP has applications to rational trees, verifying infinitary properties, lazy evaluation,
Coinduction
Programming paradigm restricted to provably terminating programs
outcome of total functional programming is that both strict evaluation and lazy evaluation result in the same behaviour, in principle; however, one or
Total_functional_programming
message passing. Haskell is a purely functional programming language. Lazy evaluation and the list and LogicT monads make it easy to express non-deterministic
List of programming languages for artificial intelligence
List_of_programming_languages_for_artificial_intelligence
Computing concept
programming (FBP) Flow control (data) Functional reactive programming Lazy evaluation Lucid (programming language) Oz (programming language) Packet flow
Dataflow
Multi-paradigm system programming language
technically not first-class), array slicing, nested functions and lazy evaluation. D uses Java-style single inheritance with interfaces and mixins rather
D_(programming_language)
Recursive function
difference because the original version benefits significantly from lazy evaluation. Though written in exactly the same manner as others, the Haskell code
Tak_(function)
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs
are the lazy evaluation equivalent of list comprehensions. Using the prime number generator provided in the above section, we might define a lazy, but not
Python_syntax_and_semantics
Programming algorithm
dependencies. By examining diagonals instead of rows, and by using lazy evaluation, we can find the Levenshtein distance in O(m (1 + d)) time (where d
Wagner–Fischer_algorithm
Mathematical structure
has applications in computer science: examples of coalgebras include lazy evaluation, infinite data structures, such as streams, and also transition systems
F-coalgebra
Control flow statement that branches according to a Boolean expression
is lazy, it is possible to write control structures, such as if, as ordinary expressions; the lazy evaluation means that an if function can evaluate only
Conditional (computer programming)
Conditional_(computer_programming)
Method of virtual memory management
Wikisource has original text related to this article: The Paging Game Lazy evaluation Page cache Memory management Virtual memory Tanenbaum, Andrew S. Operating
Demand_paging
Metric for source code testing
first case makes (y>0) false, the second case does not evaluate (y>0) (because of the lazy-evaluation of the Boolean operator), the third case makes it true
Code_coverage
Abstract data type
a)))} . Its running time is O ( r ) {\displaystyle O(r)} , but, since lazy evaluation is used, the computation is delayed until the results are forced by
Queue_(abstract_data_type)
Type theory concept
Haskell because of Haskell's non-strict semantics. Despite being a lazy evaluation programming language, Haskell does support certain primitive operations
Parametricity
Routine that generates a sequence of values
live data streams. When eager evaluation is desirable (primarily when the sequence is finite, as otherwise evaluation will never terminate), one can
Generator (computer programming)
Generator_(computer_programming)
updating A immediately after B changes, while passive updating or lazy updating (lazy evaluation) is updating A immediately before its value is fetched. An example
Active_updating
Sequence of program instructions invokable by other software
more than one stack. An environment that fully supports coroutines or lazy evaluation may use data structures other than stacks to store their activation
Function (computer programming)
Function_(computer_programming)
standardize ML and Lisp. Research in Miranda, a functional language with lazy evaluation, began to take hold in this decade. One important new trend in language
History of programming languages
History_of_programming_languages
American computer scientist
underlying principles of programming languages: inter-module protection and lazy evaluation. He was a co-discoverer of the Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm for string-search
James_H._Morris
Journaling file system for IRIX and Linux
size can provide a performance efficiency advantage. XFS makes use of lazy evaluation techniques for file allocation. When a file is written to the buffer
XFS
Type of algorithm in computer science
so is often implemented using self-referential data structures or lazy evaluation. In total programming languages, the natural numbers may be defined
Corecursion
Parsing algorithm for XML documents
nature of DOM, streamed reading from disk requires techniques such as lazy evaluation, caches, virtual memory, persistent data structures, or other techniques
Simple_API_for_XML
Union data structure with enforced cases
Many programming techniques and data structures, including rope, lazy evaluation, class hierarchy (see below), arbitrary-precision arithmetic, CDR coding
Tagged_union
Software programming optimization technique
automata Lazy evaluation – shares some concepts with memoization Materialized view – analogous caching in database queries Partial evaluation – a related
Memoization
Symbol connecting formulas in logic
connective in computer programming has a Boolean semantic. For example, lazy evaluation is sometimes implemented for P ∧ Q and P ∨ Q, so these connectives
Logical_connective
Functional programming language
guards, garbage collection, higher order functions, currying, and lazy evaluation. However, Clean deals with mutable state and input/output (I/O) through
Clean_(programming_language)
Transforming a function in such a way that it only takes a single argument
some ordering of the inputs of some function. Tensor–hom adjunction Lazy evaluation Closure (computer programming) S m n theorem Closed monoidal category
Currying
Theorem in theoretical computer science
Church–Rosser theorem to prove that the evaluation of functional programs (for both lazy evaluation and eager evaluation) is a function from programs to values
Church–Rosser_theorem
Abstract data type
a simpler, amortized version that can be implemented either using lazy evaluation or more efficiently using mutation in a broader but still restricted
Double-ended_queue
Swedish computer scientist
implementation of ML, with lazy evaluation. The key innovation of LML was to demonstrate how to compile a lazy functional language. Until then, lazy languages had
Lennart_Augustsson
Compiler optimization to remove code which does not affect the program results
structures". Newsgroup: comp.lang.functional. Retrieved 2017-07-03. […] Lazy evaluation is basically dynamic dead code elimination. […]{{cite newsgroup}}:
Dead-code_elimination
Rule for substituting a set input with a set output
Nim, and Nemerle. Evaluation order Macro systems have a range of uses. Being able to choose the order of evaluation (see lazy evaluation and non-strict functions)
Macro_(computer_science)
Dialect of Lisp
only ever evaluated once. These primitives, which produce or handle values known as promises, can be used to implement advanced lazy evaluation constructs
Scheme_(programming_language)
Lisp dialect
that eases the migration from untyped to typed code, Lazy Racket—a dialect with lazy evaluation, and Hackett, which combines Haskell and Racket. The pedagogical
Racket_(programming_language)
Prototype-based programming language
Pure object-oriented based on prototypes Code-as-data, homoiconic Lazy evaluation of function parameters Higher-order functions Introspection, reflection
Io_(programming_language)
Programming language
4 assert square(4) == 16 assert cube(3) == 27 Groovy also supports lazy evaluation, reduce/fold, infinite structures and immutability, among others. On
Apache_Groovy
Class of algorithms
(particularly with lazy evaluation), as infinite data structures can often be easily defined and worked with, though they are not (strictly) evaluated, as this
Tree_traversal
Symbolic cognitive architecture
et al. (2016). "Efficient Computation of Spreading Activation Using Lazy Evaluation" (PDF). ICCM. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Cognitive
Soar_(cognitive_architecture)
Using CAM, the various mechanisms of computation such as recursion or lazy evaluation can be emulated as well as parameter passing, such as call by name
Categorical_abstract_machine
Combinator graph reduction Strict programming language Lazy evaluation, eager evaluation Speculative evaluation Side effect Assignment Setq Closure Continuation
List of functional programming topics
List_of_functional_programming_topics
generator expression may be used in Python versions >= 2.4 which gives lazy evaluation over its input, and can be used with generators to iterate over 'infinite'
Comparison of programming languages (list comprehension)
Comparison_of_programming_languages_(list_comprehension)
Programming language
(analogous to those that Backus added to FL, his successor to FP), and lazy evaluation. Unlike FFP, another one of Backus' own variations on FP, FP84 makes
FP_(programming_language)
Ancient algorithm for generating prime numbers
n = rem n p==0). But see also Peter Henderson, Morris, James Jr., A Lazy Evaluator, 1976, where we find the following, attributed to P. Quarendon: primeswrt[x;l]
Sieve_of_Eratosthenes
Free software implementation of the ML language
weak pointers. Lazy suspensions – the Susp structure implements the suspensions necessary for lazy evaluation (as opposed to eager evaluation). Compiler internals
Standard_ML_of_New_Jersey
Open-source data analytics software
internet. In comparison to SQL, Pig has a nested relational model, uses lazy evaluation, uses extract, transform, load (ETL), is able to store data at any
Apache_Pig
Numbers that evenly divide powers of 60
1080/0749446032000134715, S2CID 191457676 Yuen, C. K. (1992), "Hamming numbers, lazy evaluation, and eager disposal", ACM SIGPLAN Notices, 27 (8): 71–75, doi:10.1145/142137
Regular_number
Design pattern in functional programming to build generic types
particular, Haskell used a problematic "lazy stream" model up through v1.2 to reconcile I/O with lazy evaluation, until switching over to a more flexible
Monad (functional programming)
Monad_(functional_programming)
Topics referred to by the same term
someone based on a set of standards. Evaluation may also refer to: Education: Educational assessment Competency evaluation (language), a means for teachers
Evaluation_(disambiguation)
Programming paradigm based on asynchronous data streams
when needed using lazy evaluation. One inherent problem for reactive programming is that most computations that would be evaluated and forgotten in a
Reactive_programming
Python library for parallel computing
Dask DataFrame. Python functions decorated with Dask delayed adopt a lazy evaluation strategy by deferring execution and generating a task graph with the
Dask_(software)
Statement which ends execution of a function and resumes in the main code
context-sensitive object can be returned using a contextual return sequence, with lazy evaluation of scalar values. Many operating systems let a program return a result
Return_statement
General-purpose functional programming language
Saarland University with support for parallel programming using futures, lazy evaluation, distributed computing via remote procedure calls and constraint programming
Standard_ML
Programming language
performs the subroutine named REPORT. This substitution allows for lazy evaluation and late binding as well as effectively the operational equivalent
MUMPS
Library for Rust programming language
uses a multi-threaded work stealing scheduler. Rust's futures are lazily evaluated, requiring functions to call .await before they do any work. When
Tokio_(software)
Programming language
different strategies. To evaluate expressions, Curry uses a variant of the needed narrowing strategy which combines lazy evaluation with non-deterministic
Curry_(programming_language)
functional programming (nested expressions, higher-order functions, lazy evaluation) and logic programming (logical variables, partial data structures
List of educational programming languages
List_of_educational_programming_languages
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