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State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
Liquid crystal (LC) is a state of matter whose properties are between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals. There are many types
Liquid_crystal
Display that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid
Liquid-crystal_display
Class of extremely unreactive, inert and fire-resistant polymers
Liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) are polymers with the property of liquid crystal, usually containing aromatic rings as mesogens. Despite uncrosslinked
Liquid-crystal_polymer
Variant of a liquid-crystal display
A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a type of liquid-crystal display that uses thin-film transistor technology to improve image
TFT_LCD
Type of display technology
Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS or LCOS) is a miniaturized reflective active-matrix liquid-crystal display or "microdisplay" using a liquid crystal layer
Liquid_crystal_on_silicon
Type of display technology
Ferroelectric liquid-crystal display (FLCD) is a display technology based on the ferroelectric properties of chiral smectic liquid crystals as proposed
Ferroelectric liquid crystal display
Ferroelectric_liquid_crystal_display
Subclass of liquid crystal
Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLCs), also known as chiral nematic liquid crystals, are a supramolecular assembly and a subclass of liquid crystal characterized
Cholesteric_liquid_crystal
Chemical compound
stands for a liquid crystal mixture consisting of several cyanobiphenyls with long aliphatic tails used commercially in liquid crystal displays (5CB
Biphenyl
Type of liquid-crystal display
A segmented liquid-crystal display (segmented LCD) is a type of liquid-crystal display commonly used for showing numerical or limited character information
Segmented liquid-crystal display
Segmented_liquid-crystal_display
Electronic display technology
first thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display. Brody and Fang-Chen Luo demonstrated the first flat active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AM LCD) using
Flat-panel_display
Forms which matter can take
between the traditional categories; for example, liquid crystals exhibit properties of both solids and liquids. Others represent entirely different kinds of
State_of_matter
Liquid-crystal display that transmits light
A transflective liquid-crystal display is a liquid-crystal display (LCD) with an optical layer that reflects and transmits light (transflective is a portmanteau
Transflective liquid-crystal display
Transflective_liquid-crystal_display
Type of laser
A liquid-crystal laser is a laser that uses a liquid crystal as the resonator cavity, allowing selection of emission wavelength and polarization from the
Liquid-crystal_laser
A liquid crystal thermometer, temperature strip or plastic strip thermometer is a type of thermometer that contains heat-sensitive (thermochromic) liquid
Liquid_crystal_thermometer
British physicist (1925–2026)
the British Liquid Crystal Society has awarded the Hilsum Medal each year "to British candidates for overall contributions to liquid-crystal science and
Cyril_Hilsum
Solution of amphiphilic molecules which has both fluid and crystalline properties
Lyotropic liquid crystals result when amphiphiles, which are both hydrophobic and hydrophilic, dissolve into a solution that behaves both like a liquid and
Lyotropic_liquid_crystal
Frequency at which a display hardware displays a new image
flickering, thereby reducing eye strain. In other technologies, such as liquid-crystal displays, the refresh rate affects only how often the image can potentially
Refresh_rate
Property of materials which both possess and are affected by electric fields
ferroelectric crystals is still not well understood. In 1974 R.B. Meyer used symmetry arguments to predict ferroelectric liquid crystals, and the prediction
Ferroelectricity
Components used for routing signals between optical fibres on a per-wavelength basis
the channel edge due to interference of the light from each channel. Liquid crystal switching avoids both the high cost of small volume MEMS fabrication
Wavelength selective switching
Wavelength_selective_switching
multielement tunable magnetic medium structure using immersed SRRs in liquid crystals, achieved a 2% tunable range in 2007. Barium strontium titanate-loaded
Tunable_metamaterial
A liquid crystal phase is thermotropic if its order parameter is determined by temperature. At high temperatures, liquid crystals become an isotropic
Thermotropic_crystal
Subfield of condensed matter physics
matter physics. Soft materials include liquids, colloids, polymers, foams, gels, granular materials, liquid crystals, flesh, and a number of biomaterials
Soft_matter
Display technology implementation
An LED-backlit LCD is a liquid-crystal display that uses light-emitting diodes (LED) for backlighting instead of cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL)
LED-backlit_LCD
Easily deformed crystal
solid and liquid phases on the temperature scale: true crystal → plastic crystal → true liquid true crystal → liquid crystal → true liquid The difference
Plastic_crystal
A liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) is an optical filter that uses electronically controlled liquid crystal (LC) elements to transmit a selectable wavelength
Liquid_crystal_tunable_filter
former Glenn H. Brown Liquid Crystal Institute (LCI) at Kent State University is now renamed the Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute. The AMLCI
Liquid_Crystal_Institute
Class of membrane-less organelles within biological cells
and other biopolymers into either colloidal emulsions, gels, liquid crystals, solid crystals, or protein aggregates within cells. The micellar theory of
Biomolecular_condensate
Optical device
DLP displays or LCoS Displays using ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCoS) or nematic liquid crystals (electrically controlled birefringence effect). Spatial
Spatial_light_modulator
Personal timepiece
although a few watches have been produced with "hands" simulated by a liquid-crystal display. Analog display of the time is nearly universal in watches sold
Watch
Public university in Kent, Ohio, US
No. 1 liquid crystal research center is at Kent State University: the Liquid Crystal Institute (LCI). Johnson, Christopher (May 10, 1999). "Liquid Lessons:
Kent_State_University
Computer output device
blurry. There are multiple technologies that have been used to implement liquid-crystal displays (LCD). Throughout the 1990s, the primary use of LCD technology
Computer_monitor
State of matter
conventional liquids. As a result, liquid crystals are considered a distinct state of matter. They are utilized in technologies such as liquid-crystal displays
Liquid
Electronic alphanumeric display device
split-flap displays, vane displays, and flip-disc displays; all-electronic liquid-crystal displays, incandescent eggcrate displays, LED displays, and vacuum fluorescent
Text_display
The International Liquid Crystal Society (ILCS) was founded in 1990 and currently has over 900 members in 43 countries worldwide. The ILCS was conceived
International Liquid Crystal Society
International_Liquid_Crystal_Society
Direction of no double refraction
direction in the crystal. The refractive index of the extraordinary ray varies depending on its direction. The mobile axis of a liquid crystal is called a
Optic_axis_of_a_crystal
All-in-one computer by Apple
the components, including a PowerPC G4 processor, and a flatscreen liquid-crystal display (LCD) mounted above. The display is connected to the base via
IMac_G4
Device for measuring body temperature
thermometer for reuse. A liquid crystal thermometer contains heat-sensitive (thermochromic) liquid crystals in a plastic strip; these crystals change colour to
Medical_thermometer
Type of LCD
(super-twisted nematic) display is a type of liquid-crystal display (LCD). An LCD is a flat-panel display that uses liquid crystals to change its properties when exposed
STN_display
Non-crystalline silicon
material for manufacturers for the thin film transistor (TFT) elements of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and for x-ray imagers. Amorphous silicon differs from
Amorphous_silicon
Property of substances to change colour due to a change in temperature
spirolactones, fluorans, spiropyrans, and fulgides. Thermochromic liquid crystals are used in precision applications, as their responses can be engineered
Thermochromism
Discotic liquid crystals are mesophases formed from disc-shaped molecules known as "discotic mesogens". These phases are often also referred to as columnar
Discotic_liquid_crystal
Chemical compound
water. Triphenylene serves as a fundamental building block in discotic liquid crystals, where its planar, disc-like structure facilitates the formation of
Triphenylene
American engineer and businessman (1936-2014)
was an American engineer, manager, and a pioneering contributor to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), for which he was inducted into the National Inventors
George_H._Heilmeier
Polymeric liquid crystals are similar to monomeric liquid crystals used in displays. Both have dielectric anitroscopy, or the ability to change directions
Polymeric_liquid_crystal
hands or water. The liquid crystals beneath the glass surface impact color upon temperature. There are three main phases of these crystals: nematic, smectic
Temperature_sensitive_glass
plastic used for electronically displaying text, images, or video. Liquid crystal displays (LCD), OLED (organic light emitting diode) and microLED displays
List of flat panel display manufacturers
List_of_flat_panel_display_manufacturers
Series of handheld electronic games by Nintendo
functionality: a single game paired with a digital clock on a segmented liquid-crystal display (LCD) screen. The Game & Watch series proved a monumental success
Game_&_Watch
Hybrid video game console
console. Compared to the original Switch, the Switch 2 has a larger liquid-crystal display (LCD), more internal storage, and updated graphics, controllers
Nintendo_Switch_2
Refractive property of materials
tomography [1] can be used. Birefringence is used in many optical devices. Liquid-crystal displays, the most common sort of flat-panel display, cause their pixels
Birefringence
Chemical compound
4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl is a commonly used nematic liquid crystal with the chemical formula C18H19N. It frequently goes by the common name 5CB. 5CB was
4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl
British physicist
OBE FInstP is a British physicist who specialises in soft matter and liquid crystals. She is Cavendish Professor and former Head of the School of Physics
Helen_Gleeson
Device used for calculations
multi-function working with key combinations. Calculators usually have liquid-crystal displays (LCD) as output in place of historical light-emitting diode
Calculator
Crystal that develops with a typical multi-branching form
needed], since the crystal's structure resembles that of a tree. These crystals can be synthesised by using a supercooled pure liquid, however they are
Dendrite_(crystal)
quantity that describes the increase in the free energy density of a liquid crystal caused by distortions from its uniformly aligned configuration. It also
Distortion free energy density
Distortion_free_energy_density
Solid material with highly ordered microscopic structure
below). Not all solids are crystals. For example, when liquid water starts freezing, the phase change begins with small ice crystals that grow until they fuse
Crystal
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
smartphones and handheld game consoles; its significant advantage over liquid-crystal displays (LCD) is that the individual pixels emit their own light, requiring
OLED
Electronic display device for displaying digits and some letters
or alphanumeric characters. The segments are usually single LEDs or liquid crystals. Segment displays are often used in digital watches and pocket calculators
Segment_display
applications. The terms "active fluids", "active nematics" and "active liquid crystals" have been used almost synonymously to denote hydrodynamic descriptions
Active_fluid
The British Liquid Crystal Society (BLCS) is a charitable trust established to promote education and research on liquid crystals in the United Kingdom
British Liquid Crystal Society
British_Liquid_Crystal_Society
Incorporated is an American company that designs and manufactures liquid crystal displays (LCDs). It was one of the first LCD manufacturers in the world
LXD_Incorporated
Japanese chemicals company
Chisso), is a Japanese chemical company. It is an important supplier of liquid crystal used for LCDs, but is best known for its role in the 34-year-long pollution
Chisso
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are slightly crosslinked liquid crystalline polymer networks. These materials combine the entropy elasticity of an elastomer
Liquid_crystalline_elastomer
Indian family, several of whom are notable in physics
and pioneer in the field of liquid crystal technology who served as founder-president of the International Liquid Crystal Society. His efforts helped
Chandrasekhar_family
is a compound that displays liquid crystal properties. Mesogens can be described as disordered solids or ordered liquids because they arise from a unique
Mesogen
Type of deterioration of film stock
cellulose acetate is used as a base, as well as polarizers used in liquid-crystal display units and everyday plastics such as containers and tableware
Vinegar_syndrome
Automatically updating retail label
computer server. ESL tag modules use electronic paper (e-paper) or liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) to show the current product price to the customer. E-paper
Electronic_shelf_label
Electromechanical display device
light-emitting diode (AMOLED) Liquid-crystal display (LCD) TFT TN IPS LED-backlit Blue Phase Digital light processing (DLP) Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) Next
Split-flap_display
Digital stereoscopic 3D projection technology
(DLP) device or Sony's reflective LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon). A push-pull electro-optical liquid crystal modulator called a ZScreen is placed immediately
RealD_3D
Ring that contains a thermochromic element
Marvin Wernick in 1974 after reading a magazine article about the use of liquid crystal elements in medical thermometers. He found a compound that changed color
Mood_ring
Type of flat-panel display
An active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AMLCD) is a common type of liquid-crystal display (LCD). Having supplanted passive-matrix LCDs in general use
Active-matrix liquid-crystal display
Active-matrix_liquid-crystal_display
Subsidiary of Sony Corporation
transferred to Japan Display Inc. on April 1, 2012. On October 22, 1997, ST Liquid Crystal Display Corporation (STLCD), a 50:50 joint venture between Sony Corporation
Sony_Mobile_Display
Television set with liquid-crystal display
A liquid-crystal-display television (LCD TV) is a television set that uses a liquid-crystal display to produce images. It is by far the most widely produced
LCD_television
Field-effect transistor device
such as a silicon wafer. The traditional application of TFTs is in TFT liquid-crystal displays. TFTs can be fabricated with a wide variety of semiconductor
Thin-film_transistor
Width and height of a display in pixels
in cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays, flat-panel displays (including liquid-crystal displays) and projection displays using fixed picture-element (pixel)
Display_resolution
Topics referred to by the same term
deeper, usually older types Liquid-crystal display (LCD), displays that use liquid crystals to form images Liquid crystal display television (LCD TV)
Display
Chemical compound
ester of cholesterol and benzoic acid. It is a liquid crystal material forming cholesteric liquid crystals with helical structure. It can be used with cholesteryl
Cholesteryl_benzoate
display technology for several decades until being displaced by plasma, liquid crystal (LCD), and solid-state devices such as thin-film transistors (TFTs)
History_of_display_technology
displays similar to liquid-crystal displays but which also include polymers, inorganic particles, or dichroic dye within the liquid crystal matrix. In dichroic
Guest-host_display
Component of LCDs
component of liquid crystal displays (LCDs). They are applied to the surfaces of the glass substrates that contain the liquid crystals. The primary function
Alignment_layer
Indian physicist (1930-2004)
Royal Medal in 1994. He was the founder-president of the International Liquid Crystal Society. Chandrasekhar was born on 6 August 1930 at Kolkata, to Sitalaxmi [wd]
Sivaramakrishna_Chandrasekhar
Nonfunctional pixel on a digital image
A defective pixel or a dead pixel is a pixel on a liquid crystal display (LCD) that is not functioning properly. The ISO standard ISO 13406-2 distinguishes
Defective_pixel
Rotation of the plane of linearly polarized light as it travels through a chiral material
also chiral liquid crystals. It can also be observed in chiral solids such as certain crystals with a rotation between adjacent crystal planes (such
Optical_rotation
Theory of Nematic-Smectic-A Transition in a Liquid Crystal Mixture". Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals. 312 (1): 157–164. Bibcode:1998MCLCA.312..157M
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Color improvement in liquid-crystal displays
dithering is a method for achieving greater color depth particularly in liquid-crystal displays. Older, cheaper, or faster LCDs, especially those using TN
Frame_rate_control
The Plasmatron, or technically plasma addressed liquid crystal (PALC), is a color television display technology developed by Tektronix and Sony in the
Plasmatron
molecules can form various mesophases such as liquid crystals, which are intermediate between the liquid and solid phases. At high temperatures or strong
List_of_states_of_matter
Artist and political activist (1926–2017)
onto the concrete ground in a pre-arranged sequence. — Gustav Metzger Liquid Crystal Environment was originally made in 1965 and remade in 2005. This ongoing
Gustav_Metzger
Addressing scheme for LCDs
Passive matrix is a type of addressing scheme used in early liquid crystal displays (LCDs). It is a matrix addressing scheme, meaning that only m + n control
Passive_matrix
South Korean multinational conglomerate
year, it created its first liquid-crystal display screen. Samsung grew to be the world's largest manufacturer of liquid-crystal display panels. In 1996,
Samsung
Output device for presentation of information in visual form
the technologies used to create the various displays in use today. Liquid-crystal display (LCD) Light-emitting diode (LED) backlit LCD Thin-film transistor
Display_device
Anticompetitive agreement to control prices
million to settle their prosecutions for conspiring to fix prices of liquid crystal display panels. That was the second largest amount awarded under the
Price_fixing
Type of liquid-crystal display technology
technological breakthrough that made the manufacture of large, thin liquid crystal displays practical and cost competitive. Unlike earlier flat-panel displays
Twisted_nematic_field_effect
Scientific research institute in Bengaluru, India
of the early significant contributions made by the liquid crystal group. "Out of 36 liquid crystal materials discovered in the world, three were from
Raman_Research_Institute
British organic chemist
long-lasting materials which made liquid crystal displays possible. He created and systematically developed liquid crystal materials science, and established
George_Gray_(chemist)
Professor of Optoelectronic Engineering
1998). He was, and continues to be, an early developer and advocate of liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Raynes was educated at St Peter's School, York and
E._Peter_Raynes
Chemical change induced by light
photoisomerization is possible to induce a molecular reorientation in the liquid crystal bulk, which is used in holography, as spatial filter or optical switching
Photoisomerization
Taiwanese circuit board manufacturer
substrates and PCBs. Applications of its products and services include liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors, personal computers (PCs) and peripheral products
Unimicron
Temporary effect on LCD and plasma screens
instead of 6 minutes for a defective one or 4 hours for a working one. Liquid crystals have a natural relaxed state. When a voltage is applied they rearrange
Image_persistence
Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells
makes cholesterol derivatives useful for indicating temperature in liquid-crystal thermometers and in temperature-sensitive paints. Cholesterol has 256
Cholesterol
Screen technology used for liquid crystal displays
switching (IPS) is a screen technology used for liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). In IPS, liquid crystal molecules are sandwiched between, and aligned parallel
In-plane_switching
travel, tourism, insurance
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
Boy/Male
Indian
Wealth; Liquid
Girl/Female
Indian
Liquid
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sindhi
One who Promises; One who Seeks the Right Direction
Boy/Male
Indian
Liquor
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Flowing; Liquid; Property; Wealthy
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Type of Liquid
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hebrew, Kurdish
Spirituous Liquor
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu
Constant Flow; The Earth; Constant Flow of Liquid
Boy/Male
Finnish, Hindu, Indian
Liquid; Dignity
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Liquid; Honeybee
Boy/Male
Tamil
Liquor
Female
Chinese
beautiful harp, lute or zither.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Holy Liquid
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Liquid
Female
Chinese
beautiful autumn.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Liquid
Boy/Male
British, English, Indian, Telugu
Sweet; Sweet Liquid
Female
Danish
, divine liquor.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Liquid
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Drinking Liquor
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
LIQUID CRYSTAL
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