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Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity
Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates matter of the Standard Model into the framework established for the intrinsic
Loop_quantum_gravity
Description of gravity using discrete values
Quantum gravity (QG) is a field of theoretical physics that seeks unification of the theory of gravity with the principles of quantum mechanics. It deals
Quantum_gravity
Aspect of loop quantum gravity
Lorentz transformation. In quantum gravity, Lorentz invariance measures the universal features in the hypothetical loop quantum gravity universes; which is a
Lorentz invariance in loop quantum gravity
Lorentz_invariance_in_loop_quantum_gravity
Formulation of general relativity
Hartle–Hawking state, Regge calculus, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation and loop quantum gravity. In the Hamiltonian formulation of ordinary classical mechanics the
Canonical_quantum_gravity
Aspect of astrophysics history
The history of loop quantum gravity spans more than three decades of intense research. General relativity is the theory of gravitation published by Albert
History of loop quantum gravity
History_of_loop_quantum_gravity
Finite, symmetry-reduced model of loop quantum gravity
Loop quantum cosmology (LQC) is a finite, symmetry-reduced model of loop quantum gravity (LQG) that predicts a "quantum bridge" between contracting and
Loop_quantum_cosmology
Model for the origin of the universe
diverse support in works based on loop quantum gravity. In loop quantum cosmology, a branch of loop quantum gravity, the big bounce was first discovered
Big_Bounce
This is a list of notable researchers in the physics field of loop quantum gravity. Abhay Ashtekar, Pennsylvania State University, United States John Baez
List of loop quantum gravity researchers
List_of_loop_quantum_gravity_researchers
Attempts to develop a quantum mechanical theory of cosmology
relativity theory and quantum theory. Such an approach is attempted for instance with loop quantum cosmology, loop quantum gravity, string theory and causal
Quantum_cosmology
Concept of universality in physical science
process in string theory. A very different approach to quantum gravity called loop quantum gravity is fully non-perturbative and manifestly background-independent:
Background_independence
Theory extending Einstein gravity
non-perturbative ultraviolet fixed point. Unitarity, essential to a theory of quantum gravity, has been established in appropriate constructions, where the appropriate
Quadratic_gravity
Hypothetical approach to quantum gravity with emergent spacetime
Jan Ambjørn and Jerzy Jurkiewicz, is an approach to quantum gravity that, like loop quantum gravity, is background independent. This means that it does
Causal dynamical triangulation
Causal_dynamical_triangulation
Theories trying to extend known physics
direction are supersymmetry, loop quantum gravity, and String theory. Theories of quantum gravity such as loop quantum gravity and others are thought by
Physics beyond the Standard Model
Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model
Idea in quantum gravity
Induced gravity (or emergent gravity) is an idea in quantum gravity that spacetime curvature and its dynamics emerge as a mean field approximation of
Induced_gravity
Theory in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropic force
cosmological inflation, and loop quantum gravity. Also, a specific microscopic model has been proposed that indeed leads to entropic gravity emerging at large scales
Entropic_gravity
Topological structure in loop quantum gravity
of quantum gravity. These structures are employed in loop quantum gravity as a version of quantum foam. The covariant formulation of loop quantum gravity
Spin_foam
Hypothetical physical concept
research on loop quantum gravity may eventually play a fundamental role in a theory of everything, but that is not its primary aim. Loop quantum gravity also
Theory_of_everything
Approach to quantum gravity utilizing Wick rotations
quantum gravity exploits the Wick rotation to describe gravity according to the principles of quantum mechanics. This particular approach to quantum gravity
Euclidean_quantum_gravity
Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime
(2000). "Notes for a brief history of quantum gravity". arXiv:gr-qc/0006061. Rovelli, Carlo (1998), "Loop Quantum Gravity", Living Reviews in Relativity, 1
General_relativity
Hypothetical quantum cosmological effect
~10−26 s. A detailed study of the quantum geometry of a black hole event horizon has been made using loop quantum gravity. Loop-quantization does not reproduce
Hawking_radiation
Theories of higher-dimensional general relativity
behavior of black holes in higher dimensions, and the unification of gravity with quantum field theory. The higher-dimensional generalization of the Kerr metric
Higher-dimensional Einstein gravity
Higher-dimensional_Einstein_gravity
Theory of rapid universe expansion
When investigating the effects the theory of loop quantum gravity would have on cosmology, a loop quantum cosmology model has evolved that provides a possible
Cosmic_inflation
Italian theoretical physicist and writer (born 1956)
States. Rovelli works mainly in the field of quantum gravity and is a founder of the theory of loop quantum gravity. He has also worked in the history and philosophy
Carlo_Rovelli
Theory of subatomic structure
the graviton, a quantum mechanical particle that carries the gravitational force. Thus, string theory is a theory of quantum gravity. String theory is
String_theory
Theory of quantum gravity
previous approaches to quantum gravity such as loop quantum gravity, is that it uses concepts from condensed matter physics such as quantum critical phenomena
Hořava–Lifshitz_gravity
Study of subatomic particles and forces
reconciliation of gravity to the current particle physics theory is not solved; many theories have addressed this problem, such as loop quantum gravity, string
Particle_physics
Term in general relativity
In general relativity and quantum gravity, the Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term is a term that needs to be added to the Einstein–Hilbert action when
Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term
Gibbons–Hawking–York_boundary_term
Description of gauge theories using loop operators
allowed one to apply loop techniques as a natural nonperturbative description of Einstein's theory. In canonical quantum gravity the difficulties in using
Loop representation in gauge theories and quantum gravity
Loop_representation_in_gauge_theories_and_quantum_gravity
Physical theory with matter as quantum fields but gravity as a classical field
Semiclassical gravity is an approximation to the theory of quantum gravity in which one treats matter and energy fields as being quantum and the gravitational
Semiclassical_gravity
be a product of a discrete structure of spacetime itself (as in loop quantum gravity)? Are there deviations from the predictions of general relativity
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Set of mathematical concepts in quantum gravity
In quantum gravity, quantum geometry is the set of mathematical concepts that generalize geometry to describe physical phenomena at distance scales comparable
Quantum_geometry
Indian-American theoretical physicist
development of loop quantum gravity. He has contributed extensively to loop quantum gravity and its cosmological application, loop quantum cosmology. His
Abhay_Ashtekar
Puzzle of disappearance of information in a black hole
evaporation requires a complete theory of quantum gravity. Within what might be termed the loop-quantum-gravity approach to black holes, it is believed
Black hole information paradox
Black_hole_information_paradox
Classical theory of gravitation
theory gravity Loop quantum gravity Cabral, Francisco; Lobo, Francisco S. N.; Rubiera-Garcia, Diego (December 2019). "Einstein–Cartan–Dirac gravity with
Einstein–Cartan_theory
Most basic type of physical force
GUTs with a quantum gravity theory, faces a greater barrier because no quantum gravity theory (e.g., string theory, loop quantum gravity, and twistor
Fundamental_interaction
Condition in which spacetime itself breaks down
defined by "where" or "when". Some theories, such as the theory of loop quantum gravity, suggest that singularities may not exist. This is also true for
Gravitational_singularity
Classical statement of gravity as force
Newton's law of universal gravitation describes gravity as a force by stating that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a
Newton's law of universal gravitation
Newton's_law_of_universal_gravitation
American theoretical physicist (born 1955)
to quantum gravity theory, in particular the approach known as loop quantum gravity. He advocates that the two primary approaches to quantum gravity, loop
Lee_Smolin
Hypothetical astronomical object
In loop quantum gravity theory, a Planck star is a hypothetical astronomical object, theorized as a compact, exotic star, that exists within a black hole's
Planck_star
Idea of connecting all of physics into one set of equations
current leading candidates are M-theory, superstring theory and loop quantum gravity. Attempts to "unify" the known fundamental interactions continues
Unification of theories in physics
Unification_of_theories_in_physics
Hypothetical phenomenon
hypothesis, gravitational singularities may not be observable. If loop quantum gravity is correct, naked singularities may be possible in nature. When a
Naked_singularity
Zero energy solution to the Schrödinger equation in loop quantum gravity
The Kodama state in physics for loop quantum gravity, is a zero energy solution to the Schrödinger equation (a linear partial differential equation that
Kodama_state
Attraction of masses and energy
looking for a theory that describes gravity in the framework of quantum mechanics (quantum gravity), which would unify gravity and the other known fundamental
Gravity
American mathematical physicist (b. 1961)
Riverside (UCR) in Riverside, California. He has worked on spin foams in loop quantum gravity, applications of higher categories to physics, and applied category
John_C._Baez
Time period of seeming infinite density just after the Big Bang
proposed as a result of the problems created by quantum mechanics. One model, using loop quantum gravity, aims to explain the beginnings of the universe
Initial_singularity
Philosophical argument against general covariance
resolution as "beyond my wildest expectations." Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is an approach to quantum gravity which attempts to marry the fundamental principles
Hole_argument
Numerical coefficient in loop quantum gravity
appearing in loop quantum gravity (LQG), a nonperturbative theory of quantum gravity. The Immirzi parameter measures the size of the quantum of area in
Immirzi_parameter
particle physics. Efforts to describe gravity using the same techniques have, to date, failed. The study of quantum field theory is still flourishing, as
History of quantum field theory
History_of_quantum_field_theory
2017 book by Carlo Rovelli
into three sections, covering the theory of relativity, space-time, loop quantum gravity, and thermodynamics. The first section, The Crumbling of Time, opens
The_Order_of_Time_(book)
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
graviton, a quantum mechanical particle that carries gravitational force. Another popular theory is loop quantum gravity (LQG), which describes quantum properties
Quantum_mechanics
triangulations approach to quantum gravity. Augusto Sagnotti: the physicist who demonstrated that perturbative quantum gravity diverges at two loops, and made a number
List of quantum gravity researchers
List_of_quantum_gravity_researchers
Quantum field theory with a Lie group base manifold
related to background independent quantum gravity approaches such as loop quantum gravity, the spin foam formalism and causal dynamical triangulation. Its
Group_field_theory
Model of gravity with dilation
Claudio Teitelboim. The theory is notable for being a toy model of quantum gravity that is exactly solvable, and it has found applications in understanding
Jackiw–Teitelboim_gravity
Non-fiction book by American theoretical physicist Lee Smolin
include string theory, M-theory, and Smolin's preferred approach, loop quantum gravity. Smolin suggests that these approaches may be approximations of a
Three Roads to Quantum Gravity
Three_Roads_to_Quantum_Gravity
Restatement of Newton's law of universal gravitation
In physics, Gauss's law for gravity, also known as Gauss's flux theorem for gravity, is a law of physics that is equivalent to Newton's law of universal
Gauss's_law_for_gravity
Constraint in loop quantum gravity
This led to the loop representation of quantum general relativity and in turn loop quantum gravity. Within the loop quantum gravity representation Thomas
Hamiltonian_constraint_of_LQG
Physics generalization
into quantum mechanical systems. It emerges from several approaches to quantum gravity, including string theory, loop quantum gravity, and quantum geometry
Generalized uncertainty principle
Generalized_uncertainty_principle
Key constraint in some theories admitting Hamiltonian formulations
reformulation. This led to the loop representation of quantum general relativity and in turn loop quantum gravity. Within the loop representation, Thiemann
Hamiltonian_constraint
Conceptual conflict between general relativity and quantum mechanics
objective passage of time. Motivated by the Immirzi ambiguity in loop quantum gravity and the near-conformal invariance of the standard model of elementary
Problem_of_time
Continuous progression from past to future
this scale exist; an example is loop quantum gravity. Loop quantum gravity suggests that time is quantized; if gravity is quantized, spacetime is also
Time
German theoretical physicist (born 1977)
physicist known for her contributions to loop quantum gravity and the spin foam approach to quantum gravity. She has been a faculty member at Perimeter
Bianca_Dittrich_(physicist)
Italian theoretical physicist
assistant professor at the Pennsylvania State University who works on loop quantum gravity and black hole thermodynamics. He has derived the Bekenstein-Hawking
Eugenio_Bianchi
Hypothetical particle
(1996). "Canonical reduction of two-dimensional gravity for particle dynamics". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 13 (9): 2585–2602. arXiv:gr-qc/9605004. Bibcode:1996CQGra
Dilaton
Gravity filtration is a method of filtering impurities from solutions by using gravity to pull liquid through a filter. The two main kinds of filtration
Gravity_filtration
Extension of quantum field theory to curved spacetime
which gravity is strong enough to influence (quantum) matter, yet not strong enough to require quantization itself, physicists have formulated quantum field
Quantum field theory in curved spacetime
Quantum_field_theory_in_curved_spacetime
Fluctuation of spacetime on very small scales
principle Loop quantum gravity Lorentzian wormhole Planck time Stochastic quantum mechanics String theory Wormhole Virtual black hole Quantum Foam, Don
Quantum_foam
Theory of gravity
functional forms may be inspired by corrections arising from a quantum theory of gravity. f(R) gravity was first proposed in 1970 by Hans Adolph Buchdahl (although
F(R)_gravity
Compact astronomical body
actually made up of quantum microstates and need not have a singularity or an event horizon. The theory of loop quantum gravity proposes that the curvature
Black_hole
French physicist and philosopher
behavior of the Universe around the Big Bang. He worked on both loop quantum gravity and string theory. He is involved in scientific popularization, collaborates
Aurélien_Barrau
Condensed matter physics model involving only closed loops
studied in loop quantum gravity. This has led to the proposal by Levin and Wen, and Smolin, Markopoulou and Konopka that loop quantum gravity's spin networks
String-net_liquid
Equivalence class of spin networks
In loop quantum gravity, an s-knot is an equivalence class of spin networks under diffeomorphisms. In this formalism, s-knots represent the quantum states
S-knot
Attempt to find a consistent theory of quantum gravity
sets Critical phenomena Euclidean quantum gravity Fractal cosmology Functional renormalization group Loop quantum gravity Perturbative renormalization Planck
Asymptotic_safety
Diagram used to represent quantum field theory calculations
invariant under local gauge transformations. In loop quantum gravity (LQG), a spin network represents a "quantum state" of the gravitational field on a 3-dimensional
Spin_network
Linear perturbations to solutions of nonlinear Einstein field equations
gravity is the application of perturbation theory to the metric tensor that describes the geometry of spacetime. As a consequence, linearized gravity
Linearized_gravity
Candidate "Theory of Everything"
other theories such as loop quantum gravity are considered by physicists and researchers to be less elegant, because they posit gravity to be completely different
Introduction_to_M-theory
Polish physicist (1959–2024)
State University in the 1990s on the mathematical justification of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). Among other things, he was at the Erwin Schrödinger Institute
Jerzy_Lewandowski
Theory of fundamental physics
unify quantum mechanics (which describes three of the four known fundamental interactions) with gravity, making SVT a derivative of quantum gravity and
Superfluid_vacuum_theory
Theory of gravity
Infinite derivative gravity is a theory of gravity which attempts to remove cosmological and black hole singularities by adding extra terms to the Einstein–Hilbert
Infinite_derivative_gravity
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Loop quantum gravity, a theory that aims to merge quantum mechanics and general relativity Liouville quantum gravity, a theory of gravity on two-dimensional
LQG
Female Italian theoretical physicist
Philosophy. Her research explores the quantum aspects of the gravitational field, in the framework of Loop Quantum Gravity. Her work covers topics from the
Francesca_Vidotto
Theory of gravity
of shape dynamics is the absence of a problem of time in canonical quantum gravity. The replacement of the spacetime picture with a picture of evolving
Shape_dynamics
Unified field theory
Available online in Blum, Alexander S.; Rickles, Dean (July 2018). Quantum Gravity in the First Half of the Twentieth Century: A Sourcebook. Berlin:
Kaluza–Klein_theory
Fringe theory of physics
attention. Lisi made a further presentation for the International Loop Quantum Gravity Seminar on November 13, 2007, and responded to press inquiries on
An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything
An_Exceptionally_Simple_Theory_of_Everything
Theory proposed by Roger Penrose
non-commutative holomorphic twistor quantum algebra.) Background independence Complex spacetime History of loop quantum gravity Robinson congruences Spin network
Twistor_theory
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
physics, nuclear physics, optics, stochastic dynamics, astrophysics, quantum gravity, and cosmology. Supersymmetry has also been applied to high-energy
Supersymmetry
Gravity theories that are invariant under Weyl transformations
conformal gravity theories, as well as any theory with higher derivatives, is the typical presence of ghosts, which point to instabilities of the quantum version
Conformal_gravity
Hypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity
theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitational interaction. It is a quantum of gravitational
Graviton
Category of theories
of scientific theories in the field of physics that are non-quantum or both non-quantum and non-relativistic, depending on the context. In historical
Classical_physics
Philosophical view that there is no correct way of perceiving the passage of time
Strata-cut animation Le Bihan, Baptiste (2020). "String theory, loop quantum gravity and eternalism". European Journal for Philosophy of Science. 10 (2)
Eternalism (philosophy of time)
Eternalism_(philosophy_of_time)
Classical field theory describing gravitation
generalized Einstein–Cartan–Kibble–Sciama gravity using weak deflection angle and shadow cast", Classical and Quantum Gravity, 37 (22), arXiv:2005.00982, Bibcode:2020CQGra
Poincaré_gauge_theory
Australian physicist
interest in the field of loop quantum gravity, as they may represent a way of incorporating the Standard Model into loop quantum gravity at Planck scale. In
Sundance_Bilson-Thompson
Variables used in general relativity
relativity, which led to the loop representation of quantum general relativity and in turn loop quantum gravity and quantum holonomy theory. Let us introduce
Ashtekar_variables
Branch of physics
effort over many decades in approaches including string theory and loop quantum gravity. The Standard Model does not account for dark matter, which is inferred
Theoretical_physics
of quantum mechanics is a fundamental part of the history of modern physics. The major chapters of this history begin with the emergence of quantum ideas
History_of_quantum_mechanics
Nonpertubative field theoretic approach to quantum gravity
safety approach to quantum gravity provides a nonperturbative notion of renormalization in order to find a consistent and predictive quantum field theory of
Physics applications of asymptotically safe gravity
Physics_applications_of_asymptotically_safe_gravity
theories of relativity. An elemental force carrier of gravity is hypothesized in quantum gravity approaches such as string theory, in a potentially unified
History of gravitational theory
History_of_gravitational_theory
Attempt to describe spacetime and associated phenomena in terms of geometry
students have continued to develop quantum geometrodynamics to take account of recent work toward a quantum theory of gravity and further developments in the
Geometrodynamics
Region in spacetime from which nothing can escape
gravity is expected to, at minimum, require a theory of quantum gravity. One such candidate theory is M-theory. Another such candidate theory is loop
Event_horizon
Relativistic generalization of Mordehai Milgrom's MOND paradigm
Tensor–vector–scalar gravity (TeVeS), developed by Jacob Bekenstein in 2004, is a relativistic generalization of Mordehai Milgrom's Modified Newtonian
Tensor–vector–scalar_gravity
Theory of gravity on antimatter
matter has an error margin of about 20%. Difficulties in creating quantum gravity models have led to the idea that antimatter may react with a slightly
Gravitational interaction of antimatter
Gravitational_interaction_of_antimatter
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Loop; Autumn
Girl/Female
Tamil
Look, Blessed with beauty, Shape, Beauty
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a cooper, from Middle English coupe ‘tub’, ‘container’ (see Cooper). In some cases the surname may have been derived from a pub or house sign.Dutch : from koop ‘purchase’, ‘bargain’, hence a nickname for a haggler or a metonymic occupational name for a merchant.
Boy/Male
Latin Biblical
Born fourth.
Biblical
fourth
Surname or Lastname
Dutch
Dutch : from a short form of the Germanic personal name Robrecht.Altered spelling of German Rupp.English : variant spelling of Roope.
Surname or Lastname
English (Somerset)
English (Somerset) : habitational name from Look in Puncknowle, Dorset, named in Old English with lūce ‘enclosure’.English : possibly a variant of Luck 3.Northern English and Scottish : from a vernacular pet form of Lucas.Dutch (van Look) : topographic name from look ‘enclosure’ or habitational name from a place named with this word.Thomas Look (b. c. 1622) was in Lynn, MA, by 1646. His son, also called Thomas (b. 1646), moved to Martha’s Vineyard about 1670.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Rajasthani, Sindhi, Traditional
Look; Beauty; Appearance
Male
Dutch
, Jehovah's gift (or grace).
Boy/Male
Hebrew
God will multiply.
Boy/Male
Danish, Finnish, French, German, Latin, Shakespearean, Swedish
Born Fifth
Boy/Male
Arabic
The Biblical Lot is the English Language Equivalent
Surname or Lastname
North German
North German : habitational name from any of several places called Loose or Loosey.North German : from a short form of Nikolaus, German form of Nicholas.Dutch : nickname from the adjective loos ‘cunning’, ‘artful’, ‘guileful’.English : variant spelling of Loose.
Boy/Male
Dutch, German, Hebrew
God will Multiply; God will Add
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Calm
Boy/Male
British, English
Barrel Maker
Male
French
French form of Latin Lupus, LOUP means "wolf."
Girl/Female
Biblical
Fourth.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Look, Blessed with beauty, Shape, Beauty
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly from the Old Norse personal name Tópi, Túpi, a short form of a personal name formed with þórr, name of the Norse god of thunder (see Thor) + a second element with initial b-, for example björn ‘bear’, ‘warrior’. On the other hand, the name is found mainly in Dorset and Devon, which are far from areas of Scandinavian settlement.
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Guardian; Watch-guard; Protector
Surname or Lastname
North German
North German : patronymic from the personal name Eggert (see Eckert).Dutch : patronymic from the personal name Egger 2.English : variant of Edgar.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Shining Star
Boy/Male
Muslim
Innocent, Sinless
Boy/Male
Hindu
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Sanskrit
Creator
Boy/Male
Sikh
The always present name of God
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anamitra | அநாமீதà¯à®°à®¾Â
Lord Surya (Sun)
Girl/Female
Latin American Spanish German Shakespearean
Rose.
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
LOOP QUANTUM-GRAVITY
v. t.
To break over the poop or stern, as a wave.
v. t.
To let hang down; as, to lop the head.
v. i.
To seem; to appear; to have a particular appearance; as, the patient looks better; the clouds look rainy.
v. t.
To make a loop of or in; to fasten with a loop or loops; -- often with up; as, to loop a string; to loop up a curtain.
n.
A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.
n.
Expression of the eyes and face; manner; as, a proud or defiant look.
pl.
of Quantum
v. t.
To express or manifest by a look.
n.
Quantity; amount.
n.
A ring; a circular band; anything resembling a hoop, as the cylinder (cheese hoop) in which the curd is pressed in making cheese.
v. t.
To beat in the game of loo by winning every trick.
v. t.
To bind or fasten with hoops; as, to hoop a barrel or puncheon.
v. i.
To direct the attention (to something); to consider; to examine; as, to look at an action.
n.
Hence; Appearance; aspect; as, the house has a gloomy look; the affair has a bad look.
n.
A curve of any kind in the form of a loop.
n.
See 1st Loop.
v. t.
To look at; to turn the eyes toward.
n.
See Loon, the bird.
pl.
of Trou-de-loup
v. t.
To influence, overawe, or subdue by looks or presence as, to look down opposition.