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Theory of rapid universe expansion
In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe
Cosmic_inflation
Trace radiation from the early universe
than curved. They ruled out cosmic strings as a major component of cosmic structure formation and suggested cosmic inflation was the right theory of structure
Cosmic_microwave_background
History and future of the universe
the end of inflation. This phase of the cosmic expansion history is known as inflation or sometimes as the inflationary epoch. Inflation explains how
Chronology_of_the_universe
Hypothetical inflationary universe model
In cosmology, eternal inflation is a prediction of some forms of the model of cosmic inflation, a theory developed to explain issues in the original Big
Eternal_inflation
Increase in distance between parts of the universe
called inflation, saw the universe suddenly expand by a factor of at least 1026 in every direction about 10−32 of a second after the Big Bang. Cosmic expansion
Expansion_of_the_universe
Branch of physics that studies mathematical models of the universe
(November 2007). "The Great Cosmic Roller-Coaster Ride". Scientific American (print). pp. 52–59. (subtitle) Could cosmic inflation be a sign that our universe
Physical_cosmology
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
nucleus with life at all. Don Page criticized the entire theory of cosmic inflation as follows. He emphasized that initial conditions that made possible
Anthropic_principle
American physicist and historian of science
focuses on primordial cosmology, including topics such as cosmic inflation, post-inflation reheating, and primordial black holes. In particular, he and
David_Kaiser_(physicist)
Physical theory of the cosmos
which leads to the horizon and flatness problems, is explained through cosmic inflation: a phase of accelerated expansion during the earliest stages. Detailed
Big_Bang
Hypothetical vacuum, less stable than true vacuum
number of theories suggest that cosmic inflation may be an effect of a false vacuum decaying into the true vacuum. The inflation itself may be the consequence
False_vacuum
Equation of state in cosmology
decreases as ε ∝ a − 6 {\displaystyle \varepsilon \propto a^{-6}} . Cosmic inflation and the accelerated expansion of the universe can be characterized
Equation_of_state_(cosmology)
Scientific field of study
established the ΛCDM model of the evolution of the universe, which includes cosmic inflation, dark energy, and dark matter. Physics education or physics teaching
Physics
Cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole
naturally generating a finite period of exponential expansion, known as cosmic inflation. A non-singular bounce also occurs for non-spherical black holes. The
Black_hole_cosmology
Mathematical model of the Big Bang
cosmic microwave background, or CMB, a very low-energy radiation emanating from all parts of the sky. The "Big Bang" scenario, with cosmic inflation and
Lambda-CDM_model
field that gave rise to this cosmic inflation? If inflation happened at a single point, is it self-sustaining through inflation of quantum-mechanical fluctuations
List of unsolved problems in astronomy
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_astronomy
Theoretical model of cosmic inflation
Internet Archive. Clery, Daniel (2014). "Pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation". Kavli Prize. Kavli Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 January
Starobinsky_inflation
of cosmic strings for time travel Alan Guth (1947–) explained the isotropy of the universe by theorizing a phase of exponential cosmic inflation soon
List_of_cosmologists
Study of the universe
to have begun with the Big Bang, followed almost instantaneously by cosmic inflation, an expansion of space from which the universe is thought to have emerged
Cosmology
Cosmological models
low-entropy "dormant" state before the Big Bang or the beginning of the cosmic inflation. Several such scenarios have been proposed in the literature. A popular
Emergent_Universe
American theoretical physicist and cosmologist
Andrei Linde, he won the 2014 Kavli Prize "for pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation." Guth's research focuses on elementary particle theory and how particle
Alan_Guth
Branch of astronomy using gravitational waves
possess axial asymmetry. Early universe processes, such as inflation or a phase transition. Cosmic strings could also emit gravitational radiation if they
Gravitational-wave_astronomy
Russian theoretical physicist and cosmologist (1948–2023)
theoretical physicist and cosmologist. He was a pioneer of the theory of cosmic inflation, for which he received the 2014 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics together
Alexei_Starobinsky
observations such as dark matter, neutrino masses, baryon asymmetry, or cosmic inflation. Many are mathematically well defined within quantum field theory or
List of hypothetical particles
List_of_hypothetical_particles
Russian-American theoretical physicist
received the Kavli Prize in Astrophysics "for pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation", together with Alan Guth and Alexei Starobinsky. In 2018 he received
Andrei_Linde
Model for the origin of the universe
flat, homogeneous, and isotropic, providing a physical alternative to cosmic inflation. In 2012, a new theory of a nonsingular Big Bounce was constructed
Big_Bounce
Hypothetical field that may have driven cosmic inflation
is a hypothetical scalar field that is conjectured to have driven cosmic inflation in the very early universe. The field, originally postulated by Alan
Inflaton
Cosmological fine-tuning problem
most commonly accepted hypothesis to explain the horizon problem is cosmic inflation. Alternative solutions propose a cyclic universe or a variable speed
Horizon_problem
Concept in inflationary theory proposed by Alan Guth
inflationary theory proposed by Alan Guth. In cosmology, the concept of eternal inflation describes a multiverse composed of numerous distinct regions, often referred
Pocket_universe
All of space observable from the Earth at the present
According to the theory of cosmic inflation initially introduced by Alan Guth and D. Kazanas, if it is assumed that inflation began about 10−37 seconds
Observable_universe
Lowest possible energy of a quantum system or field
than antimatter? More unsolved problems in physics Cosmic inflation is the phase of accelerated cosmic expansion just after the Big Bang. It explains the
Zero-point_energy
Random background of gravitational waves permeating the Universe
early Universe and the relic gravitational waves produced directly by cosmic inflation, or it may be produced by an incoherent superposition of a large number
Gravitational_wave_background
Series of cosmic microwave background experiments at the South Pole
primordial gravitational waves predicted by "slow roll" models of cosmic inflation. As of 2025, the relevant polarization from primordial gravitational
BICEP_and_Keck_Array
field that gave rise to this cosmic inflation? If inflation happened at one point, is it self-sustaining through inflation of quantum-mechanical fluctuations
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Theory extending Einstein gravity
1980 on the early universe. In Starobinsky inflation, the scalar particle is responsible for cosmic inflation. QG, besides being renormalizable, has also
Quadratic_gravity
Hypothetical group of multiple universes
volume is not special or unique. In the eternal inflation theory, which is a variant of the cosmic inflation theory, the multiverse or space as a whole is
Multiverse
Earliest theoretical cosmological structures
the context of cosmic inflation. According to the inflationary paradigm, the exponential growth of the scale factor during inflation caused quantum fluctuations
Primordial_fluctuations
Concept in physical cosmology
fluctuations at the end of inflation that could explain the origin of galaxies and the temperature variations in the cosmic microwave background. Most
Graceful_exit_problem
Aspect of relativity in physics
"slow-roll" cosmic inflation in the early universe predicts primordial gravitational waves that would impact the polarisation of the cosmic microwave background
Gravitational_wave
Cosmological phenomenon
this deceleration parameter is negative. According to the theory of cosmic inflation, the very early universe underwent a period of very rapid, quasi-exponential
Accelerating expansion of the universe
Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe
Theory of subatomic structure
beyond the Big Bang is the theory of cosmic inflation. Developed by Alan Guth and others in the 1980s, inflation postulates a period of extremely rapid
String_theory
Value representing energy density of space
accelerated expansion of the universe, as observed. (See Dark energy and Cosmic inflation for details.) The dimensionless density parameter Ω represents the
Cosmological_constant
Astrophysical models for the formation of galaxies and clusters of galaxies
as cosmic inflation, was responsible for establishing the initial conditions of the universe: homogeneity, isotropy, and flatness. Cosmic inflation also
Structure_formation
Energy driving the accelerated expansion of the universe
similar in concept to dark energy, could drive cosmic inflation in the very early universe. Inflation postulates that some repulsive force, qualitatively
Dark_energy
American-born Belgian physicist (1928–2011)
first prize gravitational award essay for their original proposal of cosmic inflation as the condition of the cosmos before the adiabatic expansion, (i.e
Robert_Brout
Speculative feature of the early universe
production of cosmic strings are likely to have occurred during the earliest moments of the universe's evolution, just after cosmological inflation, and are
Cosmic_string
These measurements provided even more evidence in support of the cosmic inflation and helped to refine our understanding of the universe's initial conditions
Golden_age_of_cosmology
Dynamical realization of cosmic inflation
warm inflation is one of two dynamical realizations of cosmological inflation. The other is the standard scenario, sometimes called cold inflation. In
Warm_inflation
Distance measurement used in cosmology
horizon (also called the cosmological horizon, the comoving horizon, or the cosmic light horizon) is the maximum distance from which light from particles could
Particle_horizon
Topologically stable solution of a partial differential equation
measurements of the cosmic microwave background by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe provide strong evidence in favor of cosmic inflation for some predictions
Topological_defect
Extremely short period of the early universe
phase transition is also thought to have triggered the process of cosmic inflation that dominated the development of the universe during the following
Grand_unification_epoch
Study of the origin of the universe (structure and evolution)
than curved. They ruled out cosmic strings as a major component of cosmic structure formation and suggested cosmic inflation was the right theory of structure
Observational_cosmology
Radio telescope array
Carried energy Gravitational wave background Types/sources Stochastic Cosmic inflation–quantum fluctuation Phase transition Binary inspiral Supermassive black
Deep_Synoptic_Array
Anomaly in cosmic microwave background
purported correlation between the plane of the Solar System and aspects of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Such a correlation would give the plane of the
Axis_of_evil_(cosmology)
Cosmological fine-tuning problem
in 1969. The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely
Flatness_problem
Material composed of antiparticles
may exist in relatively large amounts in far-away galaxies due to cosmic inflation in the primordial time of the universe. Antimatter galaxies, if they
Antimatter
American theoretical physicist (born 1966)
in a singularity at the beginning of time, but rather one of many cosmic inflation events resulting from quantum fluctuations of vacuum energy in a cold
Sean_M._Carroll
Statistical uncertainty in universe observations
too small. The standard Big Bang model is usually supplemented with cosmic inflation. In inflationary models, the observer only sees a tiny fraction of
Cosmic_variance
Models of the universe which deviate from then-current scientific consensus
challenged the Big Bang model. These issues were eventually resolved by cosmic inflation in the 1980s. This idea subsequently became part of the understanding
Non-standard_cosmology
Cosmological solution to the Einstein field equations of general relativity
modern-day universe is believed to be relatively close to this point. Cosmic inflation De Sitter space – for more mathematical properties Deceleration parameter
De_Sitter_universe
Principle in theoretical physics
"The Anthropic landscape of string theory". The Davis Meeting on Cosmic Inflation: 26. arXiv:hep-th/0302219. Bibcode:2003dmci.confE..26S. Brown, J. D
Holographic_principle
Hypothetical topological feature of spacetime
negative mass cosmic string had appeared around the time of the Big Bang, it could have been inflated to macroscopic size by cosmic inflation. Lorentzian
Wormhole
Hypothetical black hole formed soon after the Big Bang
inhomogeneities in the context of cosmic inflation (in hybrid inflation models). Some examples include: Axion inflation is a theoretical model in which
Primordial_black_hole
must have occurred during or after the reheating event that followed cosmic inflation. This may explain why the net mass of normal matter and dark matter
Affleck–Dine_mechanism
Cosmological models involving indefinite, self-sustaining cycles
invariant spectrum will be destroyed by the big crunch. Moreover, as with cosmic inflation, while the general character of the forces (in the ekpyrotic scenario
Cyclic_model
Theory of gravity
an active field of research following work by Alexei Starobinsky on cosmic inflation. A wide range of phenomena can be produced from this theory by adopting
F(R)_gravity
Change in wavelength of light
(K) radiation from the Big Bang has redshifted far down to become the 3 K cosmic microwave background. Subtler redshifts are seen in the spectroscopic observations
Redshift
American string theory and cosmologist
University four years later. Silverstein's primary research areas include cosmic inflation, namely the creation of predictive and testable new mechanisms which
Eva_Silverstein
Hypothetical scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe
scale invariant spectrum could be destroyed from the big crunch. While cosmic inflation and the general character of the forces—or the collision of the branes
Big_Crunch
Concept in cosmology
types within a multiverse. It typically arises in the context of eternal inflation. The problem arises because different approaches to calculating these
Measure_problem_(cosmology)
Upper bound on the amount of gravitational waves produced during inflation
produced during inflation, given the amount of departure from the homogeneity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). During slow-roll inflation, the ratio
Lyth_bound
Chinese-American cosmologist and theoretical physicist
most notable for proposing that relative brane motion could cause cosmic inflation as well as his work on superstring theory, brane cosmology and elementary
Henry_Tye
Horizon appearing on a cosmological scale
stream. The latter is predicted to be a direct probe of the end of cosmic inflation. The nature of cosmological horizons was clarified by Wolfgang Rindler
Cosmological_horizon
Polish physicist (born 1975)
Universe was the interior of a black hole. This scenario generates cosmic inflation, which explains why the present Universe at largest scales appears
Nikodem_Popławski
American theoretical physicist (born 1965)
His research interests include particle physics, dark matter, inflation, the cosmic microwave background and gravitational waves. Kamionkowski received
Marc_Kamionkowski
Problematic appearance of quantities beyond the Planck scale
correspond to length scales smaller than the Planck length at the onset of inflation. The trans-Planckian problem is the issue that Hawking's original calculation
Trans-Planckian_problem
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
of −0.0027+0.0039 −0.0038. The WMAP measurements also support the cosmic inflation paradigm in several ways, including the flatness measurement. The mission
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe
Non-standard model of the universe; emphasizes the role of ionized gases
annihilation between matter and antimatter rather than a mechanism like cosmic inflation. Cosmologists and astrophysicists who have evaluated plasma cosmology
Plasma_cosmology
Hypothetical elementary particle
two following subsections occurs: If both (a) and (b) are satisfied, cosmic inflation selects one patch of the Universe within which the spontaneous breaking
Axion
Concept in cosmology
cosmology in the 1980s, the problem became much more important: as cosmic inflation is driven by vacuum energy, differences in modeling vacuum energy lead
Cosmological_constant_problem
experimental evidence for the theory of inflation. However, in June lowered confidence in confirming the cosmic inflation findings was reported. 2016 – LIGO
Timeline of cosmological theories
Timeline_of_cosmological_theories
Hypothetical elementary particle
universe cosmology. It can generate fluctuations during inflation, but does not itself drive inflation, instead it generates curvature perturbations at late
Curvaton
Belgian cosmologist (b. 1975)
cosmic expansion under the supervision of Stephen Hawking. Hertog had the opportunity to conduct research with Stephen Hawking in the field of cosmic
Thomas_Hertog
Random change in the energy inside a volume
precisely accounts for the effects of high-energy fluctuations at low energies. Cosmic microwave background False vacuum Hawking radiation Quantum annealing Quantum
Quantum_fluctuation
Everything in space and time
earliest time is not understood. An intense period of expansion called cosmic inflation is postulated to explain many astronomical observations and set the
Universe
Use of the second law of thermodynamics to distinguish past from future
this early near-equilibrium state has been explained by the theory of cosmic inflation. According to this theory the universe (or, rather, its accessible
Entropy_as_an_arrow_of_time
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
physical mechanism of their formation. Standard models of cosmic inflation, known as "slow-roll inflation", generate density fluctuations that are far too small
Dark_matter
Effective mass of a binary system
Carried energy Gravitational wave background Types/sources Stochastic Cosmic inflation–quantum fluctuation Phase transition Binary inspiral Supermassive black
Chirp_mass
Hypothesis in physics
curvature hypothesis as a physically more credible alternative to cosmic inflation (a hypothetical phase of accelerated expansion in the early life of
Weyl_curvature_hypothesis
British theoretical physicist
and Mohsen Alishahia, he proposed a new, predictive mechanism for cosmic inflation based on the Dirac–Born–Infeld (DBI) action which helped motivate more
David_Tong_(physicist)
Model of the Universe proposed 1932
universe was particularly popular in the 1980s, after the theory of cosmic inflation predicted that the curvature of the universe should be very close to
Einstein–de_Sitter_universe
Region in space
by cosmic inflation. Other researchers have modeled the cold spot as potentially the result of cosmological bubble collisions, again before inflation. A
CMB_cold_spot
Finite, symmetry-reduced model of loop quantum gravity
many successes, including the emergence of a possible mechanism for cosmic inflation, resolution of gravitational singularities, as well as the development
Loop_quantum_cosmology
Device used to measure gravitational waves
gravitational waves in the cosmic microwave background, which, if confirmed, would provide strong evidence for inflation and the Big Bang. However, on
Gravitational-wave observatory
Gravitational-wave_observatory
Philosophical argument for the existence of God
Borde–Guth–Vilenkin theorem does not necessarily represent a cosmic beginning, instead the beginning of cosmic inflation. Though it "opens the door" for theories other
Kalam_cosmological_argument
Time interval in science
In science, e-folding is the time interval in which an exponentially growing quantity increases or decreases by a factor of e; it is the base-e analog
E-folding
American physicist
antimatter, the nature of neutrinos, the concepts of the Big Bang, cosmic inflation, the multiverse, leptogenesis, and supersymmetry. After years of being
Don_Lincoln
Background energy existing in space
1038/246396a0. Morikawa, M. (2022). "Quantum Fluctuations in Vacuum Energy: Cosmic Inflation as a Dynamical Phase Transition". Universe. 8 (6): 295. Bibcode:2022Univ
Vacuum_energy
American theoretical physicist (born 1940)
"The Anthropic Landscape of String Theory". The Davis Meeting on Cosmic Inflation: 26. arXiv:hep-th/0302219. Bibcode:2003dmci.confE..26S. Byrne, P. (2011)
Leonard_Susskind
Concept in statistics
physical cosmology generated by quantum mechanical fluctuations during cosmic inflation are thought to be a GRF with a nearly scale invariant spectrum. One
Gaussian_random_field
Extended physical object in string theory
Big Bang, Cosmic inflation, General relativity, Newton's law of universal gravitation, Lambda-CDM model, Magnetohydrodynamics Black hole, Cosmic background
Brane
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
Boy/Male
Indian
Sun Cosmic Ray
Male
Italian
Italian form of Latin Cosmo, COSIMO means "order, beauty."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sheshrao | ஷேஷà¯à®°à®¾à®“Â
Cosmic serpent
Sheshrao | ஷேஷà¯à®°à®¾à®“Â
Boy/Male
Greek
From 'kosmos' meaning order. St Cosmas, patron saint of physicians, and his twin brother St...
Male
Romanian
Romanian form of Greek Kosmos, COSMIN means "order, beauty."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dharanidhar | தரநீதர
Shesh, The cosmic serpent
Dharanidhar | தரநீதர
Boy/Male
Irish
Charioteer.
Male
French
French form of Latin Cosmo, COSME means "order, beauty."
Female
Italian
Feminine form of Italian Cosimo, COSIMA means "order, beauty."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Cosmic serpent
Boy/Male
Hindu
Shesh, The cosmic serpent
Female
Romanian
Feminine form of Romanian Cosmin, COSMINA means "order, beauty."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Born of cosmic unity
Boy/Male
Hindu
Cosmic serpent
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Telugu
Cosmic Serpent
Male
Romanian
Contracted form of Romanian Constantin, COSTIN means "steadfast."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Fanindra | பநிஂதà¯à®°
The cosmic serpent Shesh
Fanindra | பநிஂதà¯à®°
Male
Romanian
Pet form of Romanian Constantin, COSTICA means "steadfast."
Boy/Male
Australian, Romanian
Praise
Boy/Male
Australian, German, Greek, Italian
Order; From Cosmos; Beauty
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Priceless Love
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, German, Hebrew
Happiness; Eternal Joy; Innocent
Girl/Female
Danish, French, German, Teutonic
Peace; Voyage; Courage; Adventuresome
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French
Rebirth; Beautiful; Having of Love and Beautiful
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dusk
Boy/Male
Hindu
Best of all
Boy/Male
Muslim Hindi
Intelligent. Judicious.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, English, Teutonic
Warrior; The Title of Nobility Used as a First Name; From the Land that was Burned
Male
Greek
(Φιλήμων) Greek name PHILEMON means "affectionate." In the bible, this is the name of an apostle to whom Paul sent a letter from prison. In mythology, this is the name of the husband of Baukis. They were the only couple in Tyana who were hospitable to the disguised gods Zeus and Hermês.Â
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English, German
Wealthy Friend
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
COSMIC INFLATION
n.
A conic section.
v. t.
To pledge or bind; to compromise, expose, or endanger by some decisive act or preliminary step; -- often used reflexively; as, to commit one's self to a certain course.
a.
Characteristic of the cosmos or universe; inconceivably great; vast; as, cosmic speed.
n.
A surface decoration made by inlaying in patterns small pieces of variously colored glass, stone, or other material; -- called also mosaic work.
a.
Of or relating to algebra; as, cossic numbers, or the cossic art.
a.
Of or pertaining to the colon; as, the colic arteries.
a.
Of or pertaining to Moses, the leader of the Israelites, or established through his agency; as, the Mosaic law, rites, or institutions.
a.
Of or pertaining to the style of work called mosaic; formed by uniting pieces of different colors; variegated; tessellated; also, composed of various materials or ingredients.
a.
Of or pertaining to colic; affecting the bowels.
a.
Alt. of Cosmical
a.
Pertaining to, or derived from, ants; as, formic acid; in an extended sense, pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid; as, formic ether.
a.
Of or pertaining to cheese; as, caseic acid.
n.
A picture or design made in mosaic; an article decorated in mosaic.
a.
Comic, farcical.
a.
Having the form of, or living in, a cyst; as, the cystic entozoa.
a.
See Cystic.
n.
Nomic spelling.
a.
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cadmium; as, cadmic sulphide.
a.
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, osmium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a valence higher than in other lower compounds; as, osmic oxide.
a.
Containing cysts; cystose; as, cystic sarcoma.