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Group of natural pigments found in most organisms
Melanin (/ˈmɛlənɪn/ ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other
Melanin
Black supremacist, pseudoscientific theory
Melanin theory is a set of pseudoscientific claims made by some proponents of Afrocentrism, which holds that black people, including ancient Egyptians
Melanin_theory
2018 single by Remy Ma
"Melanin Magic" (alternatively "Melanin Magic (Pretty Brown)"), is a song by American rapper Remy Ma featuring American singer Chris Brown. It was written
Melanin_Magic
Polygenic phenotypic characteristic
depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located
Eye_color
Difference in coloration, usually of the iris but also of hair or skin
Heterochromia is determined by the production, delivery, and concentration of melanin (a pigment). It may be inherited or caused by genetic mosaicism, chimerism
Heterochromia
Melanin-producing cells of the skin
Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer
Melanocyte
Darkening of an area of skin or nails due to increased melanin
nails due to an excess production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. This increase in melanin can result from a variety of factors,
Hyperpigmentation
Disorder causing lack of pigmentation
mammals Albinism is the congenital absence of pigmentation (in mammals, melanin) in an animal or plant resulting in "hair being white, red, or yellow"
Albinism
Condition characterized by absence of pigment
The visual abnormalities regarding albinism are mainly caused by reduced melanin during optic development, leading to misrouting of optic nerve fibers and
Albinism_in_humans
Fungus capable of radiosynthesis
Plant. Most radiotrophic fungi use melanin in some capacity to survive. The process of using radiation and melanin for energy has been termed radiosynthesis
Radiotrophic_fungus
Congenital high level of melanin in an organism resulting in dark pigment
Melanism is a congenital high level of melanin in an organism resulting in dark pigmentation. In contrast with albinism, which is generally caused by
Melanism
skin color is influenced greatly by the amount of the pigment melanin present. Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes; it is
Human_skin_color
Pigmentation abnormality
pigmentation abnormality characterized by the lack of pigments called melanins, commonly associated with a genetic loss of tyrosinase function. Amelanism
Amelanism
Organic chemical that functions both as a hormone and a neurotransmitter
is a type of melanin, known as dopamine-melanin, that can be synthesized by oxidation of dopamine via the enzyme tyrosinase. The melanin that darkens
Dopamine
Medical condition
to their lack of genetically caused melanin pigmentation. The brown to black colour is melanin. In the skin, melanin prevents harmful UV-light from reaching
Smoker's_melanosis
Melanin spots on skin
an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing
Freckle
Pigmentation of human hair follicles
hair follicles and shafts due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin. Generally, the more melanin present, the darker the hair. Its tone depends
Human_hair_color
Senagalese model
Khoudia Diop, also known as the Melanin Goddess, (born 31 December 1996) is a Senegalese fashion model and actress. Khoudia Diop was teased as a child
Khoudia_Diop
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), also known as pro-melanin stimulating hormone (PMCH), is a cyclic 19-amino acid orexigenic hypothalamic peptide originally
Melanin-concentrating_hormone
Organelle found in animal cells used for the synthesis, storage and transport of melanin
in animal cells and is the site for synthesis, storage and transport of melanin, the most common light-absorbing pigment found in the animal kingdom. Melanosomes
Melanosome
Skin condition where patches lose pigment
chronic autoimmune disorder that causes skin to lose pigment (specifically melanin, which gives the skin color) in patches that vary in size and can appear
Vitiligo
Tanzanian musical, singer and songwriter
Sarah Michael Kitinga (born 1996), professionally known as Phina or Saraphina, is a Tanzanian singer and songwriter. She gained prominence in the Tanzanian
Phina
Biological process
with radiation exposure of melanin and melanized fungi. They found that ionizing radiation increased the ability of melanin to support an important metabolic
Radiosynthesis_(metabolism)
Glycoside
freckles, melasma, and other forms of hyperpigmentation where excess melanin is a concern, providing a more even skin complexion. For this purpose,
Α-Arbutin
Area of skin becoming lighter than the baseline skin color
caused by melanocyte or melanin depletion, or a decrease in the amino acid tyrosine, which is used by melanocytes to make melanin. Some common genetic causes
Hypopigmentation
Darkening of skin in response to ultraviolet light
Moderate exposure to direct sunlight contributes to the production of melanin and vitamin D by the body. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has negative
Sun_tanning
Substances produced by living organisms
structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue
Biological_pigment
Soviet biathlete
Vladimir Mikhailovich Melanin (Russian: Владимир Михайлович Меланьин; 1 December 1933 – 10 August 1994) was a Soviet biathlete. He won an Olympic gold
Vladimir_Melanin
Abnormal patches of white hair
characterized by localized patches of white hair due to a reduction or absence of melanin in hair follicles. Although traditionally associated with the scalp, poliosis
Poliosis
1994 studio album by Mutabaruka
Melanin Man is an album by the Jamaican musician Mutabaruka, released in 1994. Mutabaruka supported the album with a North American tour that included
Melanin_Man
Scattering of light by tiny particles in a colloidal suspension
more melanin in it. Moderate amounts of melanin make hazel, dark blue and green eyes. In eyes that contain both particles and melanin, melanin acts as
Tyndall_effect
Family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides
MSH in response to ultraviolet light, where it increases synthesis of melanin. Some neurons in arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus make and secrete α-MSH
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Melanocyte-stimulating_hormone
Colored part of an eye
contributes substantially to normal iris color is the dark pigment melanin. The quantity of melanin pigment in the iris is one factor in determining the phenotypic
Iris_(anatomy)
Species of fungus
sclerotium or mass of mycelium, mostly black because of a substantial amount of melanin. It is commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits
Inonotus_obliquus
Range of wavelengths from 650 to 1350 nanometre
significant contributions to the total absorption spectrum of tissue are melanin and fat. Melanin is a chromophore that exists in the human epidermal layer of skin
Near-infrared window in biological tissue
Near-infrared_window_in_biological_tissue
American internet personality
curly hair. In October 2018, White and her sister Taffeta White launched Melanin Haircare,[excessive citations] a hair care company selling natural products
Whitney_White_(YouTuber)
Glycoside
involves inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase, an essential enzyme for melanin synthesis in the human skin. It is an anomer of α-arbutin, which has a
Arbutin
Chemical compound
metabolite of L-DOPA (L-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and a precursor of melanin. Biosynthesis of melanin occurs in melanocytes, where tyrosine is converted into DOPA
L-Dopaquinone
Human skin color
Dark skin is a type of human skin color that is rich in melanin pigments. People with dark skin are often referred to as black people, although this usage
Dark_skin
Procedure used in cosmetic dentistry
gums consisting of melanin. Melanin in skin is very common in inhabitants in many parts of the world due to genetic factors. Melanin pigmentation in skin
Gum_depigmentation
InterPro Family
Two Melanin-concentrating hormone receptors (MCHR) have recently been characterized: MCH-R1 and MCH-R2. These two receptors share approximately 38% homology
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor
Melanin-concentrating_hormone_receptor
Mole or birthmark; visible, circumscribed, chronic skin lesion
hypermelanotic (containing increased melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color) and hypomelanotic (containing decreased melanin). Suspicious skin moles which
Nevus
Hair layer located between the cuticle and the medulla
is melanin, which is also found in skin. The distribution of this pigment varies from animal to animal and person to person. In humans, the melanin is
Cortex_(hair)
Copper metalloprotein
enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. The enzyme is mainly involved in two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis otherwise known as the Raper–Mason
Tyrosinase
Form of albinism
synthesis of melanin within the melanocytes. Seven types of oculocutaneous albinism have been described, all caused by a disruption of melanin synthesis
Oculocutaneous_albinism
Species of worm
14-inches in length and have unique copper teeth composed of protein, melanin and 10% copper. This copper concentration is the highest among any animal
Glycera_dibranchiata
American politician (born 1984)
candidates in the 2026 general election. Nixon is the co-founder of the Melanin Market, an outdoor market which allows small business owners to sell healthy
Angie_Nixon
2010s American documentary film series
April 14, 2011. The second in the series, Hidden Colors 2: The Triumph of Melanin, was released the following year on December 6, 2012. The third film in
Hidden_Colors
Medical condition
melanin level. Melasma is usually diagnosed visually or with assistance of a Wood's lamp (340–400 nm wavelength). Under Wood's lamp, excess melanin in
Melasma
Natural process of hair turning grey or white with age
melanin. The clear hairs appear as grey or white because of the way light is reflected from the hairs. The change in hair colour occurs when melanin ceases
Greying_of_hair
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1, also known as MCH1, is one of the melanin-concentrating hormone receptors found in all mammals. The protein
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1
Melanin-concentrating_hormone_receptor_1
Medical condition
to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly. Most pigmentation disorders involve the underproduction or overproduction of melanin. Skin pigmentation
Pigmentation_disorder
Chemical compound
cyclization product of L-DOPA and is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of melanin. It may tautomerise to form DHICA. Dopachrome tautomerase, a human gene
Dopachrome
Domestic cat with black fur
particular breed. Most black cats have golden irises due to their high melanin pigment content. Black cats are the subject of mythology, legend, and superstition
Black_cat
1991 Afrocentric book on racism
which she explores the roots of white supremacy using psychoanalysis and melanin theory. Welsing developed her ideas in a 1970 paper titled The Cress Theory
The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors
The_Isis_Papers:_The_Keys_to_the_Colors
Protein-coding gene in humans
melanin, and in the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium. Melanin is responsible for giving color to the skin, hair, and eyes. Moreover, melanin is
P_protein
Skin whitening cream popular in the Indian subcontinent
the brand Fair & Lovely in 1971, after the patenting of niacinamide, a melanin suppressor, which is the cream's main active ingredient. Glow & Lovely's
Glow_&_Lovely
Cells with a primary function of coloration found in a wide range of animals
some pyrrole rings. The key enzyme in melanin synthesis is tyrosinase. When this protein is defective, no melanin can be generated resulting in certain
Chromatophore
Dark pigment found in the brain
is a dark pigment found in the brain which is structurally related to melanin. It is a polymer of 5,6-dihydroxyindole monomers. Neuromelanin is found
Neuromelanin
Genetics behind the equine coat color
of producing melanin. Melanin is the pigment that colors the hairs and skin of mammals. There are two chemically distinct types of melanin: pheomelanin
Equine_coat_color_genetics
Genetic liver disease
condition causes a black liver due to the deposition of a pigment similar to melanin. This condition is associated with a defect in the ability of hepatocytes
Dubin–Johnson_syndrome
Chemical compound
6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of melanin. Tautomerization of DHICA forms dopachrome. Pawelek JM (March 1991). "After
DHICA
American psychiatrist (1935–2016)
American psychiatrist and well-known proponent of the pseudoscientific melanin theory. Her 1970 essay, The Cress Theory of Color-Confrontation and Racism
Frances_Cress_Welsing
Intermediate color between black and white
color of a person's hair is created by the pigment melanin, found in the core of each hair. Melanin is also responsible for the color of the skin and of
Grey
Diverse clade of specialized reptiles
partially responsible for producing colouration. Both chemical traces of melanin and characteristically shaped melanosomes have been reported from feathers
Dinosaur
Process of hair removal by exposure to laser pulses
dark adult hair or melanin. Melanin is considered the primary chromophore for all hair removal lasers currently on the market. Melanin occurs naturally
Laser_hair_removal
Organ in cephalopods used to squirt ink in defense
the gut and opens into the anus, into which its contents – almost pure melanin – can be squirted; its proximity to the base of the funnel means that the
Ink_sac
Dark pigment released by cephalopods
water from the siphon. Its dark colour is caused by its main constituent, melanin. Each species of cephalopod produces slightly differently coloured inks;
Cephalopod_ink
Dark coloration of tissue due to excess melanin
Melanosis is a form of hyperpigmentation associated with increased melanin. It can also refer to: Melanism Ocular melanosis Smoker's melanosis Oral melanosis
Melanosis
Chemical compounds used to kill fungi
Fungicides are pesticides used to kill parasitic fungi or their spores. Fungi can cause serious damage in agriculture, resulting in losses of yield and
Fungicide
Protein controlling mammalian coloration
(MC1R), also known as melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSHR), melanin-activating peptide receptor, or melanotropin receptor, is a G protein–coupled
Melanocortin_1_receptor
American physicist (born 1943)
Youngstown State University, McGinness suggested that electronic conduction in melanins (polyacetylene, polypyrrole, and polyaniline "blacks" and their copolymers)
John_McGinness
Practice of using chemical substances to lighten the skin
attempt to lighten the skin or provide an even skin color by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin. Several chemicals have been shown to be effective
Skin_whitening
Standard color scale
correspond to the different eye colors observed in nature due to the amount of melanin in the iris (in this case, the lower the number, the lighter the eye color):
Martin–Schultz_scale
Partial loss of pigmentation in an animal
which leucism is often mistaken. Albinism results in the reduction of melanin production only, though the melanocyte (or melanophore) is still present
Leucism
Soft tissue surrounding the roots of the teeth
usually coral pink in light-skinned people, and may be naturally darker with melanin pigmentation. Changes in color, particularly increased redness, together
Gums
Ancestor of domestic pigeon
arrowhead. Pigeons feathers have two types of melanin (pigment), eumelanin and pheomelanin. A study of melanin in the feathers of both wild rock and domestic
Rock_dove
Polymers formed from sugars and amino acids in certain conditions
antiglycative action. From Greek melas, black, dark [also gives rise to melanin]; eidos, resembling, like [also gives rise to sarcoid, coracoid]; and a
Melanoidin
Spreading of a disease inside a body
M, Krzykawska-Serda M, Jakubowska M, Zadlo A, Urbanska K (June 2019). "Melanin presence inhibits melanoma cell spread in mice in a unique mechanical fashion"
Metastasis
Essential nutrient
melanin protects skin cells from UVA and UVB radiation damage that causes photoaging and the risk of melanoma, a cancer of melanin cells. Melanin also
Vitamin_D
Biochemical process
to react with other molecules. For melanin this mechanism has developed later in the course of evolution. Melanin is such an efficient photoprotective
Photoprotection
Organ covering the outside of the human body
discoloured and depigmented. In humans, skin pigmentation (affected by melanin) varies among populations, and skin type can range from dry to non-dry
Human_skin
Benign skin tumor of pigment-producing cells
as a melanocyte. The high concentration of the body's pigmenting agent, melanin, is responsible for their dark color. Moles are a member of the family
Melanocytic_nevus
White part of an eyeball
People with dark skin can have naturally darkened sclerae, the result of melanin pigmentation. In humans, and some other vertebrates, the whole sclera is
Sclera
Archaic conception of Earth's shape
Recovered-memory therapy Past life regression Scientific racism Aryan race Melanin theory Myers–Briggs Type Indicator Enneagram of Personality Pseudohistory
Flat_Earth
Genetic pigmentation disorder of the skin and hair
Piebaldism refers to the absence of mature melanin-forming cells (melanocytes) in certain areas of the skin and hair. It is a rare autosomal dominant
Piebaldism
Australian comedian
poetry organisation Voices of Colour in 2016. Her debut poetry collection, Melanin Garden, was published in 2017. Nandaula wrote, directed, and performed
Anisa_Nandaula
York: Warner Books. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-446-53192-4. Hall, Ronald E. The Melanin Millennium: Skin Color as 21st Century International Discourse. Springer
List_of_ethnic_slurs
Skin cancer originating in melanocytes
Melanoma is a type of cancer, typically skin cancer; it develops from the melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes. It typically occurs in the skin,
Melanoma
Indoor cosmetic product
the production of melanin. Increasing blood flow to the skin is a proposed mechanism, which may in turn stimulate production of melanin by melanocytes.
Indoor_tanning_lotion
2019 studio album by Sauti Sol
thirteen tracks and was supported by the previously released singles "Melanin", "Girl Next Door", "Afrikan Star", "Short N Sweet" and "Tujiangalie".
Afrikan_Sauce
Species of fungus
upset or thyroid imbalance. S. schenckii synthesizes melanin both in vitro and in vivo Melanin production is a virulence factor found in many fungi that
Sporothrix_schenckii
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2 (MCH2) also known as G-protein coupled receptor 145 (GPR145) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCHR2
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2
Melanin-concentrating_hormone_receptor_2
American-Dutch producer and songwriter duo
Sunset Tapes: A Cool Tape Story "Pass Me By" 2019 Dinah Jane Dinah Jane 1 "Melanin" (Featuring La La, City Girls, Ester Dean & Lupita Nyong'o) Ciara Non-album
Mel_&_Mus
Protein-coding gene in mammals
is encoded by the ASIP gene. It is responsible for the distribution of melanin pigment in mammals. Agouti interacts with the melanocortin 1 receptor to
Agouti-signaling_protein
Overview article
difficulty maintaining[clarification needed] skin tone due to a lack of melanin production. In Japan, the preference for skin that is white and free of
Light skin in Japanese culture
Light_skin_in_Japanese_culture
Skin treatment with flashlamps
spectral range that targets specific structures and chromophores (e.g. melanin in hair, or oxyhemoglobin in blood vessels) that are heated to destruction
Intense_pulsed_light
Hair greying happening at a premature age
causes depletion of the melanocyte stem cells which are required to produce melanin, the pigment responsible for hair color. Premature greying of hair has
Premature_greying_of_hair
Skin condition
PIH happens because cytokines stimulate melanocytes, leading to more melanin production and brown or gray discoloration. This is especially common in
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Postinflammatory_hyperpigmentation
Species of radiotrophic fungus
involved in the dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis pathway which confirms the etiology of melanin in this species. Genes associated with the
Cladosporium_sphaerospermum
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