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Production of a sound while the velum is lowered
§ Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, nasalisation (or nasalization in American English) is the production of a sound while the velum is
Nasalization
Pronunciation of a vowel through the nose as well as the mouth
/ɑ̃/ or Amoy [ɛ̃]. By contrast, oral vowels are produced without nasalization. Nasalized vowels are vowels influenced by nearby sounds. For instance, the
Nasal_vowel
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨w⟩ in IPA
that represents this sound is typically ⟨w̃⟩ (a nasalized ⟨w⟩), though for preciseness ⟨ɰ̃ʷ⟩ (a nasalized and labialized ⟨ɰ⟩) may also be seen. Features
Voiced labial–velar approximant
Voiced_labial–velar_approximant
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨h⟩ in IPA
with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds. A nasalized voiceless glottal fricative or approximant is a type of consonantal sound
Voiceless_glottal_fricative
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨β⟩ in IPA
realization of /w/; nasal syllable allophone in free variation with a nasalized approximant [w̃] Ewe Eʋe [èβe] 'Ewe' Contrasts with both [v] and [w] Fijian
Voiced_bilabial_fricative
Consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel
contrastive aspirated fricatives: /sʰ/ /ɕʰ/, /ʂʰ/, and /xʰ/. Phonemically nasalized fricatives are rare. Umbundu has /ṽ/, Kwangali[citation needed] and Souletin
Fricative
Type of occlusive consonant
somewhat to assume that nasalization in occlusives is allophonic. There is then a second step in claiming that nasal vowels nasalize oral occlusives, rather
Nasal_consonant
Diacritical mark
ǫǫ ǫ́ǫ́) Ojibwe in older Romanization standards, representing either nasalization or vowel backing (ą, ąą, ą́, ę, įį, ǫǫ) scholarly transcriptions of Old
Ogonek
Type of click consonant
embedded in a phrase after a vowel the nasalization can usually be heard: any preceding vowel will be nasalized or the click will be prenasalized. This
Glottalized_click
Diacritic in Indic scripts
Word-finally, it is realized as nasalization of the preceding vowel: kuṃā [kʊ̃ãː], "a well". It results in vowel nasalization also medially between a short
Anusvara
Consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For
Plosive
Latin letter N with tilde above
also been adopted in both Breton and Rohingya, where it indicates the nasalization of the preceding vowel. Unlike many other letters that use diacritics
Ñ
Latin letter O with tilde
alphabet, similar to the Portuguese "õ", but with somewhat less stressed nasalization. In Hungarian, Õ only appears when a typeface (font set) does not contain
Õ
Language spoken in Indonesia
or weak. Vowels are lengthened when stressed and in an open syllable. Nasalization extends from nasal consonants to the following vowels, continuing until
Selayar_language
Indigenous American language
or as the result of nasalizing grade, a grammatical ablaut, which indicates intensification through lengthening and nasalization of a vowel (likoth- 'warm'
Muscogee_language
Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨ɾ⟩ in IPA
regional phonology and flapping North American Guarani porã [põˈɾ̃ã] 'good' Nasalized allophone of /ɾ/ as a result of nasal harmony. See Guarani language §
Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps
Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps
Panoan language spoken in Peru and Brazil
can be as central as [ɨ]. The oral vowels /i, ɯ, o, a/ are phonetically nasalized [ĩ, ɯ̃, õ, ã] after a nasal consonant, but the phonological behaviour
Shipibo–Konibo_language
Type of consonant used in many spoken languages
⟨ɉ⟩ (a barred ⟨j⟩) may also be used to represent this approximant. A nasalized voiced palatal approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some
Voiced_palatal_approximant
Alphabetic writing system
for the letters M, Q and W) to write consonants and vowels. Tones and nasalization are written with Roman punctuation marks, identical to those found on
Fraser_script
Oto-Manguean language group of Mexico
analyses agree that nasalization is contrastive and that it is somewhat restricted. In most varieties, it is clear that nasalization is limited to the right
Mixtec_languages
Click articulated at the upper teeth
convention is the click letter with diacritics for voicelessness, voicing and nasalization; this would require something like the guttural diacritic ◌̴ to distinguish
Dental_click
Nilo-Saharan language spoken in Chad, Cameroon and Nigeria
Ngambay (also known as Sara, Sara Ngambai, Gamba, Gambaye, Gamblai and Ngambai) is one of the major languages spoken by Sara people in southwestern Chad
Ngambay_language
Spoken interjection in English
be influenced by French. The French Canadian hein sounds similar to a nasalized Canadian eh, and the two share similar functions. Due to this, the increased
Eh
Sound in spoken language, articulated with an open vocal tract
vowels being marginal to any category. Nasalization occurs when air escapes through the nose. Vowels are often nasalized under the influence of neighbouring
Vowel
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɦ⟩ in IPA
Egurtzegi, Ander (2015-06-30). "Different distributions of contrastive vowel nasalization in Basque". Loquens. 2 (1): e017. doi:10.3989/loquens.2015.017. ISSN 2386-2637
Voiced_glottal_fricative
Niger–Congo language of the Igbo people, mainly spoken in Nigeria
Anambra (Awka dialects) and Umuahia (Ohuhu dialects), omitting the nasalization and aspiration of those varieties. The first book to publish Igbo terms
Igbo_language
Type of speech sound
'adjudicate'. Authors have occasionally used the terms "nasal approximants" and "nasalized approximants" to describe sounds with varying degrees of nasality. While
Approximant
Diacritic mark typically denoting nazalization, in Indian abugidas
Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts. It usually means that the previous vowel is nasalized. In Hindi, it is replaced in writing by anusvara when it is written above
Chandrabindu
Romance language
grave accent, the tilde, and the cedilla to denote stress, vowel height, nasalization, and other sound changes. The diaeresis was abolished by the last Orthography
Portuguese_language
Type of articulation
voiceless [mᵖ]) in many dialects of Chinese. (At least in the Chinese case, nasalization, in some dialects, continues in a reduced degree to the vowel, indicating
Prenasalized_consonant
Phonology of Hindi and Urdu
quality; there is phonemic nasalization of all vowels; all vowel nasalization is predictable (i.e. allophonic); Nasalized long vowel phonemes (/ɑ̃ː ĩː
Hindustani_phonology
Alphabet and spelling
grave accent, the tilde, and the cedilla to denote stress, vowel height, nasalization, and other sound changes. The diaeresis was abolished by the last Orthography
Portuguese_orthography
Sounds and pronunciation of Portuguese
Vowel nasalization in some dialects of Brazilian Portuguese is very different from that of French, for example. In French, the nasalization extends
Portuguese_phonology
Niger–Congo language cluster
languages. Nasalization plays an important role in the vowel inventory: every vowel in the Gbe languages occurs in a non-nasalized and a nasalized form. Capo
Gbe_languages
affix that gives a suprasegmental pattern (such as tone, stress, or nasalization) to either a neutral base or a base with a preexisting suprasegmental
Suprafix
Dialect of Brazilian Portuguese
fedito). Words may gain or lose nasalization ([NASAL+]) (ordenou → ordeou, economizar → enconomizar). The addition of nasalization may happen with /i/ and /e/
Caipira_dialect
Consonant sound change
environment as more prototypical lenition. (It may also leave a residue of nasalization in adjacent vowels.) The orthography shows that by inserting an h (except
Lenition
Cyrillic letter
represents a nasalized front vowel, possibly [ɛ̃] (like the French ‘in’ in “cinq” or Polish 'ę' in “kęs”), while big yus represents a nasalized back vowel
Yus
Phonetic changes in the French language
French period: Nasalization of /a/, /e/, /ɔ/ before /n/ or /m/ (originally, in all circumstances, including when a vowel followed). Nasalization occurs before
Phonological history of French
Phonological_history_of_French
Latin letter A with tilde
pronounced as nasalized open front unrounded vowel ([ã]). In the dialect present in counties of Puck and Wejherowo, it is pronounced as nasalized open-mid
Ã
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɰ⟩ in IPA
with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds. A nasalized voiced velar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken
Voiced_velar_approximant
Siouan language of US Midwest
-wi 1.EX.A- do -PL 'We (exclusive) do' Another frequently occurring nasalization pattern is /r/ to [n] alternation: /r/ is pronounced as [n] when it immediately
Ho-Chunk_language
Eastern Tucanoan language of Colombia and Brazil
k b d ɡ s r w j h/, and its vowels are /i ɨ u e a o/, with syllable nasalization and pitch accent occurring as well. The following words show some of
Tuyuca_language
French-based creole in Louisiana
Louisiana Creole also exhibits progressive nasalization: vowels following a nasal consonant are nasalized, e.g. konnin [kɔ̃nɛ̃] 'to know'. Louisiana Creole
Louisiana_Creole
Romance language
/ɑ/, /e/, /ɛ/, /ɛː/, /ə/, /i/, /o/, /ɔ/, /y/, /u/, /œ/, /ø/, plus the nasalized vowels /ɑ̃/, /ɛ̃/, /ɔ̃/ and /œ̃/. In France, the vowels /ɑ/, /ɛː/ and
French_language
Consonants produced with a single muscle contraction
palatal tap in some realizations, though this is not directly attested). Nasalized consonants include taps and flaps, although these are rarely phonemic
Tap_and_flap_consonants
R-coloring in Mandarin Chinese syllables
[jəʵ] [ɥəʵ]. Some merge -uor with -uir/-unr, as [wəʵ]. Some lose the nasalization of -ngr, thus potentially merging pairs like -ir/-ingr, -enr/-engr and
Erhua
Austronesian language spoken in Vanuatu
or Bangsa’ is an Oceanic language of central Malekula, Vanuatu. It has nasalized fricatives and a bilabial trill. The four Avava-speaking villages speak
Avava_language
Chinantecan language of Mexico
nasalized as /ĩ ɯ̃ ũ ɛ̃ ɤ̃ õ ã/. The language is unusual in having, for some speakers, a three-way contrast between non-nasalized, lightly nasalized,
Palantla_Chinantec
Diacritic used in Latin alphabets
and Portuguese: c cedilha (or c cedilhado). It is used to mark vowel nasalization in many languages of Sub-Saharan Africa, including Vute from Cameroon
Cedilla
Latin letter R with tilde
rolled R in English), combined with the tilde diacritic, which indicates nasalization. PHOIBLE lists the phoneme [r̃] as an attested sound segment in 10 languages
R̃
Dialect of English
[nuˈjɔə], and so on.[dubious – discuss] This can expand to heavy nasalization, where nasalization spreads to additional phonemes. Some features of Cajun English
Cajun_English
inflectional endings, and therefore does not cause nasalization. Examples showing these developments: The nasalization of *ų̄ was eventually lost. However, when
History_of_Proto-Slavic
Unicode character block
Unicode block containing cantillation marks for writing the Samaveda, and nasalization marks for the Devanagari script. The following Unicode-related documents
Devanagari_Extended
Jukunoid language of Nigeria, also called Wukari or Kororofa
nasal processes." In Nasalfest: Papers from a Symposium on Nasals and Nasalization, pp. 249–264 Wapan language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Wapan_language
Modern writing system of 33 letters
identically. Two "yuses", "big" ⟨ѫ⟩ and "small" ⟨ѧ⟩, used to stand for nasalized vowels /õ/ and /ẽ/. According to linguistic reconstruction, both became
Russian_alphabet
Extinct Na-Dené language of US
vowel qualities /ɪ e a ə ʊ/, three of which also distinguish duration, nasalization, creaky voice (i.e. glottalization), and breathy voice (‘aspiration’
Eyak_language
Cyrillic letter used for /ũ/ in Khinalug
U with tilde is used in the Khinalug language where it represents a nasalized close back rounded vowel /ũ/. Ũ ũ : Latin letter Ũ Cyrillic characters
U_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)
Ancient script of Central and South Asia
various modified pronunciations depending on the consonant, such as nasalization or aspiration. It is used with k, ṣ, g, c, j, n, m, ś, ṣ, s, and h. The
Kharosthi
Transcription system for High German dialects
ẽ are rounded and nasalized e, while ë̈, ẽ̃ are extra-rounded and extra-nasalized e and ë᪻, ẽ᪻ are slightly rounded and nasalized e. Parentheses around
Teuthonista
Language of the Osage people of North America
became ð before oral vowels and n before nasal vowels, but since the nasalization has often been lost, there are minimal pairs and /l, n/ are now separate
Osage_language
Tuu language of southwestern Botswana and eastern Namibia
ou, ui, ue, ua/. All plain vowels may be nasalized. No other phonation may be nasalized, but nasalization occurs in combination with other phonations
Taa_language
Latin letter G with tilde
alphabets with this letter are: Guarani alphabet – where the tilde marks nasalization of /g/, representing the sound /ŋ/ Filipino alphabet – during the Spanish
G̃
Click consonant sound
convention is the click letter with diacritics for voicelessness, voicing and nasalization; this would require something like the guttural diacritic ◌̴ to distinguish
Alveolar_click
Southwestern Edoid language of Nigeria
can have allophones of nasalized approximants as [β̞̃], [ɹ̃ ~ ɾ̃], [j̃], [w̃]. Approximants /β̞, j, w/ are heard as nasalized approximants [β̞̃, j̃, w̃]
Urhobo_language
Punctuation and accent mark (~, ◌̃)
causing encoding problems when the actual Middle Vietnamese tilde for nasalization is used alongside it. A macron was used to make abbreviations in medieval
Tilde
Austronesian language
contrasts. Anticipation of final nasal consonants causes final vowels to nasalize, even when the final nasal consonant is elided in actual speech. Anticipation
Bukawa_language
Northern Athabaskan language of British Columbia
however, are much more complicated. Vowel nasalization is a phonological process by which the phoneme /n/ is nasalizes the preceding vowel. It occurs when the
Tsilhqotʼin_language
Indo-Aryan language
ISBN 9789811303876. Narang, G. C.; Becker, D. A. (1971). "Aspiration and nasalization in the generative phonology of Hindi–Urdu". Language. 47 (3): 646–767
Urdu
Type of sound and sound change in phonetics
that was removed from the extIPA chart as being potentially confusing. Nasalization Hypernasal speech Williamson, Graham (2016-08-15). "Denasalization".
Denasalization
Evolution of the Portuguese language
[ʁaˈiɲɐ] (BP) ~ [ʁaˈĩj̃ɐ] (BP, AP) (queen) Progressive nasalization—The spread of nasalization forward from a nasal consonant, especially [m]. mātrem
History_of_Portuguese
Min Chinese language
also shares denasalization of historical nasal consonants and vocalic nasalization with Southern Min varieties. Pu–Xian Min has been shown to be 62% cognate
Pu–Xian_Min
Panoan language of western Amazonia
Sharanawa, Yaminawa, and Yora have nasalized counterparts for each of the vowels, and demonstrate contrastive nasalization. [l] is heard as an allophone of
Yaminawa_language
Arabic-like alphabet for Wolof
joined as in Arabic. There is a mark above some letters to show pre-nasalization. The letter labeled alif is used like its counterpart in Arabic, coming
Garay_alphabet
Distinct unit of speech
such as prosody (tone, stress), and secondary articulations such as nasalization, may overlap multiple segments and cannot be discretely ordered with
Segment_(linguistics)
Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Chhattisgarh, India
also be heard as a tap [ɾ]. /ə/ can also be heard as back [ʌ], [ɐ]. Nasalization is also phonemically distinctive. The following is a sample text in Chhattisgarhi
Chhattisgarhi_language
Major watercourse in northwestern North America
The contraction is Ųųg Han, if the /ųų/ remains nasalized, or Yuk Han, if there is no vowel nasalization. In the 1840s, the various Dene nations had differing
Yukon_River
Territory of Canada
Gwich'in Junior Dictionary (PDF). Univ. of Alaska. pp. ii (ą, į, ų are nasalized a, i, u), xii (adjectives follow nouns), 19 (nitsii or choo [big]), 88
Yukon
Barbacoan language spoken in Ecuador
/ɹ/ is heard as [ɾ] when occurring word-initially, and when following a nasalized vowel, an allophone [n] occurs. /s/ is heard as [ʃ] when preceding high
Tsafiki_language
Athabaskan language
orthography are as follows: Vowels are differentiated for nasalization and high, mid, and low tone. Nasalized: į, ų, ę, ą̈, ǫ, ą High tone: í, ú, é, ä́ , ó, á
Northern_Tutchone_language
Romance language
point for modification in vowel quantity, ½ point for changes due to nasalization, palatalization or umlaut, and −½ point for failure to effect a normal
Italian_language
Sound change converting an alveolar consonant to a rhotic consonant
Irish, /n/ becomes /r/ in a variety of consonant clusters, often with nasalization of the following vowel. For example, the /kn/ cluster developed into
Rhotacism
Fifth letter of the Latin alphabet
languages, it represents either [e], [e̞], [ɛ], or some variation (such as a nasalized version) of these sounds, often with diacritics (as: ⟨e ê é è ë ē ĕ ě
E
Process of language change that affects pronunciation or sound system structure
status. Nasalization: Vowels followed by nasal consonants can become nasalized. If the nasal consonant is lost but the vowel retains its nasalized pronunciation
Sound_change
Australian Aboriginal language
context results in the deletion of the initial n. Stops are frequently nasalized (pronounced as the nasal at the stop's place of articulation) when followed
Marra_language
Direct descendants of Vulgar Latin
marking the nasalisation of the vowel before it. This nasal vowel lost its nasalization in the Romance languages except in monosyllables, where it became /n/
Romance_languages
Scripts to write the Konkani language
Word-finally, it is realized as nasalization of the preceding vowel (e.g. bā̃yi [bãːyi], "a well"). It results in vowel nasalization also medially between a short
Konkani_alphabets
Variety of Portuguese language
represents nasalization of the preceding vowel. But when the ⟨m⟩ or ⟨n⟩ is syllable-initial (i.e. followed by a vowel), it represents nasalization only of
Brazilian_Portuguese
Subgroup of the Jê languages
innovation of Proto-Goyaz Jê. The oral vowels */a u y/ of Proto-Cerrado were nasalized preceding the nasal coda *-m’ in Proto-Goyaz Jê: Proto-Cerrado *kumtym’
Goyaz_Jê_languages
Indo-Aryan language primarily spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, Kohistan and Ladakh
vowels are distinguished by length, by whether or not they're nasalized, and by tone. Nasalization is represented like other Perso-Arabic alphabets in Pakistan
Shina_language
Kxʼa dialect continuum spoken in southern Africa
inventories of both consonants and vowels in the world. It also has tone and nasalization. For a description, see Juǀʼhoan. To pronounce ǃXuun (pronounced [ǃ͡χũː˦˥]
ǃKung_languages
Ʋ ʋ, Ƴ ƴ, and Ʒ ʒ. Diacritical marks are used for marking tone and nasalization: The Gbékoun script was invented as an indigenous alternative to the
Languages_of_Benin
Unstandardized language spoken in Emilia, Italy
Grammatica – Vocabolario. Forni. ISBN 9788827129173. Tuttle, E. F. (1991). "Nasalization in Northern Italy: Syllabic Constraints and Strength Scales as Developmental
Emilian_language
Phonology of the Irish language
lenis version (nasalized semivowel or labial fricative) came to be pronounced as a regular semivowel or fricative along with nasalization of the preceding
Irish_phonology
Oldest widely attested Gaelic language
Fricative broad f v θ ð s x ɣ h slender fʲ vʲ θʲ ðʲ sʲ xʲ ɣʲ hʲ Nasalized fricative broad ṽ slender ṽʲ Approximant broad R r slender Rʲ rʲ Lateral
Old_Irish
Variety of Standard German
other Austro-Bavarian dialects spoken in eastern Austria but is slightly nasalized. For many years, Austria had a special form of the language for official
Austrian_German
Group of West Germanic languages
Backing and nasalization of West Germanic a and ā before a nasal consonant Loss of n before a spirant, resulting in lengthening and nasalization of preceding
Anglo-Frisian_languages
obstruent clusters are deleted. Final nasals are lost after short vowels and nasalized after long vowels. Though often treated as one process, the law is an
Glossary of sound laws in the Indo-European languages
Glossary_of_sound_laws_in_the_Indo-European_languages
Consonantal sound
convention is the click letter with diacritics for voicelessness, voicing and nasalization; this would require something like the guttural diacritic ◌̴ to distinguish
Lateral_click
Latin letter U with ogonek
was used to denote the nasalized close back rounded vowel ([ũ]). Currently, it appears in the words that used to be nasalized in the past, for example
Ų
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, derived from an Old English byname, Red, READ means "red-headed or ruddy-complexioned."Â
Girl/Female
Muslim
Captivating, Clever, Smart, Fascinating
Boy/Male
Biblical Hebrew
Tender, nipple'.
Female
Hindi/Indian
(बल) Hindi unisex name BALA means "young."
Boy/Male
Arabic
Persian New Year's Day
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Flow of Water
Girl/Female
Arabic
Love
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Dayman, an occupational name for a herdsman or dairyman (see Day). It was also used as a personal name.
Boy/Male
Australian, Irish
A Poet; Philosopher
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Polite; Courteous; Well-mannered
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
NASALIZATION
n.
The act of nasalizing, or the state of being nasalized.