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Oldest widely attested Gaelic language
Old Irish, also called Old Gaelic (endonym: Goídelc; Irish: Sean-Ghaeilge; Scottish Gaelic: Seann-Ghàidhlig; Manx: Shenn Yernish or Shenn Ghaelg), is the
Old_Irish
Irish paramilitary organisation
against the British occupation of Ireland in the 1919–1921 Irish War of Independence. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established
Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)
Irish_Republican_Army_(1919–1922)
Celtic language indigenous to the island of Ireland
file? See media help. Irish (Standard Irish: Gaeilge), also known as Irish Gaelic (Gaeilge na hÉireann) or (primarily outside Ireland) simply Gaelic (/ˈɡeɪ
Irish_language
Grammar of the Old Irish language
in Primitive Irish. It was grammaticalised by the loss of final syllables in the transition from Primitive Irish to Old Irish. In Old Irish, the process
Old_Irish_grammar
Medieval ethnic group in Ireland
Norman Irish or Hiberno-Normans (Irish: Normánach; Old Irish: Gall 'foreigners') is a modern term for the descendants of Norman settlers who arrived during
Norman_Irish
Legal system of early medieval Ireland
Early Irish law, also called Brehon law (from the old Irish word breithim meaning judge), comprised the statutes which governed everyday life in Gaelic
Early_Irish_law
Irish literature up to 15th century
Early Irish literature, is commonly dated from the 4th or 6th to the 15th century, a period during which modern literature in Irish began to emerge. It
Early_Irish_literature
Dog breed
The Irish Wolfhound (Irish: Cú Faoil) is a breed of large sighthound that has, by its presence and substantial size, inspired literature, poetry and mythology
Irish_Wolfhound
Phonetic changes in the Old Irish language
Old Irish was affected by a series of phonological changes that radically altered its appearance compared with Proto-Celtic and older Celtic languages
Phonological history of Old Irish
Phonological_history_of_Old_Irish
Pre-6th century Goidelic Celtic language of Ireland and Britain
Primitive Irish or Archaic Irish (Irish: Gaeilge Ársa, Gaeilge Chianach), also called Proto-Goidelic, is the oldest known form of the Goidelic languages
Primitive_Irish
Irish mythology is the body of myths indigenous to the island of Ireland. It was originally passed down orally in the prehistoric era. In the early medieval
Irish_mythology
the 6th century. Old Irish can be divided into two periods: Early Old Irish, also called Archaic Irish (c. 7th century), and Old Irish (8th–9th century)
History_of_the_Irish_language
Type of domestic goat
landrace, or old English goat Irish primitive, Irish landrace, or old Irish goat Scottish primitive, Scottish landrace, old Scottish, or old Scotch goat
British_Primitive_goat
the giving language is Old Irish via the handbells used by early Irish missionaries. colleen A girl, especially an Irish one (from cailín, "young woman")
List of English words of Irish origin
List_of_English_words_of_Irish_origin
Hypothesized Irish deity
sources (e.g. in the collective name of the Irish gods, Tuatha Dé Danann, "folk of the goddess Danu"). In Irish mythology, Anu (sometimes declined as Anann
Danu_(Irish_goddess)
Hypothesized pre-Celtic language substrate
wave of proto-Irish speakers only in the 1st century AD, following a migration in the wake of the Roman conquest of Britain, with Irish and British Celtic
Goidelic_substrate_hypothesis
Early Medieval Irish alphabet
Modern Irish: [ˈoː(ə)mˠ]; Middle Irish: ogum, ogom, later ogam [ˈɔɣəmˠ]) is an Early Medieval alphabet used primarily to write the early Irish language
Ogham
Celtic ethnolinguistic group
from the Old Irish word Goídel/Gaídel. In Early Modern Irish, it was spelled Gaoidheal (singular) and Gaoidheil/Gaoidhil (plural). In modern Irish, it is
Gaels
Phonology of the Irish language
article uses the IPA to transcribe Irish. Readers familiar with other conventions may wish to see Help:IPA/Irish for a comparison of the IPA system with
Irish_phonology
Irish Astrology
unclear whether a form of Early Irish astrology existed prior to contact with Western astrology, as the earliest Irish language sources are simply translations
Early_Irish_astrology
Goidelic language
/l/ or /n/, e.g. Old Irish cland ("progeny") > Middle Irish clann /klaN/. /ṽ/ lost its nasalisation before a vowel, e.g. Old Irish memaid (s/he broke)
Middle_Irish
Island in the North Atlantic Ocean
football, rugby, horse racing, golf, and boxing. The names Ireland and Éire both derive from Old Irish Ériu, which in turn comes from Proto-Celtic *ɸīweriyū
Ireland
Ancient British Celtic language
'Britain', pryd 'appearance, form, image, resemblance'; Irish cruth 'appearance, shape', Old Irish Cruithin 'Picts') Cheviot from *cev- = 'ridge' and -ed
Common_Brittonic
Female spirit in Irish mythology
Modern Irish bean sí [bʲanˠ ˈʃiː], from Old Irish: ben síde [bʲen ˈʃiːðʲe], "woman of the fairy mound" or "fairy woman") is a female spirit in Irish folklore
Banshee
Ethnic group native to the island of Ireland
The people of Northern Ireland hold various national identities including Irish, British or some combination thereof. The Irish have their own unique customs
Irish_people
Ancestor of the Celtic languages
Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland. ISBN 978-0-901519-46-7. Thurneysen, Rudolf (1998) [1946]. A Grammar of Old Irish. Translated by
Proto-Celtic_language
Irish mythical figure
Hag of Beara (Irish: Cailleach Bhéarra, also known as The White Nun of Beara, The Cailleach or The Old Woman of Dingle) is a mythic Irish Goddess: a Cailleach
The_Hag_of_Beara
Pre-1607 Gaelic political and social order of Ireland
Gaelic Ireland (Irish: Éire Ghaelach) was the Gaelic political and social order, and associated culture, that existed in Ireland from the late prehistoric
Gaelic_Ireland
People of mixed Gaelic and Norse heritage
Norse settlement The Norse–Gaels (Old Irish: Gall-Goídil; Irish: Gall-Ghaeil; Scottish Gaelic: Gall-Gàidheal; Manx: Goal-Gael, 'foreigner-Gaels') were
Norse–Gaels
Language comparison
Ulster Irish is cha/chan (chan eil, cha bhfuil/chan fhuil = 'is not'; chan is from the Old Irish emphatic negative nichon). In standard Irish the negative
Comparison of Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic
Comparison_of_Irish,_Manx,_and_Scottish_Gaelic
Irish-language poetry
of bríatharogaim or "word-oghams" have been preserved, dating to the Old Irish period. They are as follows: Bríatharogam Morainn mac Moín Bríatharogam
Bríatharogam
Dog breed
The Irish Terrier (Irish: Brocaire Rua) is a dog breed from Ireland, one of many breeds of terrier. The Irish Terrier is considered one of the oldest
Irish_Terrier
Gregorian calendar as it is in use in Ireland
The Irish calendar is the Gregorian calendar as it is in use in Ireland, but also incorporating Irish cultural festivals and views of the division of
Irish_calendar
Name list
(/ˈk(w)iːvə/ K(W)EE-və, Irish: [ˈkiːvʲə]), sometimes anglicised as Keeva, is an Irish feminine given name derived from Irish caomh (Old Irish cóem) 'dear; precious
Caoimhe
Irish abbess and saint (c. 451 – c. 525)
Brigid of Ireland (Irish: Naomh Bríd; Classical Irish: Brighid; Latin: Brigida; c. 451 – c. 525) is the patroness saint (or 'mother saint') of Ireland, and
Brigid_of_Kildare
2020 non-fiction book by John Breslin and Sarah-Anne Buckley
Old Ireland in Colour is the first in a series of non-fiction history books written by Irish academics John Breslin and Sarah-Anne Buckley. Released in
Old_Ireland_in_Colour
Obsolete system of measurement used in Ireland
cumaile [Old Irish]". sizes.com. Sizes, Inc. 1 September 2008. Retrieved 20 May 2015. Seebohm, Frederic; Hugh Exton, Seebohm (1914). "2: The Irish units
Irish_units_of_measurement
Supernatural race in Irish and Scottish mythology
the Irish name for a supernatural race in Gaelic folklore, similar to elves. They are said to descend from the Tuatha Dé Danann or the gods of Irish mythology
Aos_Sí
Irish meat and vegetable stew
Irish stew (Irish: stobhach Gaelach) or stobhach is a stew from Ireland that is traditionally made with root vegetables and lamb or mutton, but in modern
Irish_stew
Trickster or bogeyman figure in Gaelic folklore and mythology
"hag, old woman" in Irish legend. Bodach (Old Irish also botach) is the Irish word for a tenant, a serf or peasant. It is derived from bod (Old Irish bod)
Bodach
Wicker basket used for carrying fish or blocks of peat
derive from Irish críol for basket. The term crïol "basket" is attested in Old/Middle Irish (The OED recognized the similarity to the Old Irish críol, but
Creel_(basket)
Éire: Ireland pronounced [ˈeːɾʲə] Fianna Fáil: Irish political party (literally "Soldiers of Destiny") pronounced [ˌfʲiən̪ˠə ˈfˠaːlʲ] Fine Gael: Irish political
List of Irish words used in the English language
List_of_Irish_words_used_in_the_English_language
Name list
Dáithí or Daithí (Irish pronunciation: [ˈd̪ˠaːhiː]; Old Irish: Dathí), sometimes also anglicised without diacritics as Daithi, is an Irish male given name
Dáithí
Supernatural race in Irish mythology
The Fomorians or Fomori (Old Irish: Fomóire, Modern Irish: Fomhóraigh / Fomóraigh) are a supernatural race in Irish mythology, who are often portrayed
Fomorians
Name list
1998), Northern Irish politician Eoin Colfer, Irish author of the Artemis Fowl series Eoin McNamee, Irish author Eoin O'Broin, Irish DJ and producer under
Eoin
Christian hymn
Vision" (Old Irish: Rop tú mo baile or Rob tú mo bhoile) is a traditional Christian hymn of Irish origin. The words are based on a Middle Irish lorica that
Be_Thou_My_Vision
Name list
Latin form Brendanus. According to one old Irish text there are 17 saints with the name. When used in an Irish sentence it can mutate to take the form
Brendan_(given_name)
Goddess in Irish mythology
In Irish mythology, Ériu (Old Irish: [ˈeːɾʲu]; Modern Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ), daughter of Delbáeth and Ernmas of the Tuatha Dé Danann, was the eponymous
Ériu
Word initial consonantal sound changes in Irish
article uses the IPA to transcribe Irish. Readers familiar with other conventions may wish to see Help:IPA/Irish for a comparison of the IPA system with
Irish_initial_mutations
known as Be Thou My Vision. The Blackbird of Belfast Lough (Old Irish: Int én bec; Irish: An t-éan beag) has been notably translated by poets such as
Music_of_Ireland
the Irish War of Independence, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom to become the independent Irish Free State, but under the Anglo-Irish Treaty
History_of_Ireland
Ancient Celtic board game
unknown in Europe until the 12th century. The Old Irish form evolved into ficheall, the word used in modern Irish for modern chess, along with Scottish Gaelic
Fidchell
Irish footballer (born 2002)
2002) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for EFL Championship club Bolton Wanderers and the Republic of Ireland national team
Gavin_Bazunu
Spear of Cúchulainn in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology
The Gáe Bulg (Old Irish pronunciation: [ɡaːi̯ ˈbulg]) (also Gáe Bulga, Gáe Bolg, Gáe Bolga), meaning "spear of mortal pain/death", "gapped/notched spear"
Gáe_Bulg
Name list
female given name of Irish origin. It comes from the Irish name Méabh, which was spelt Meadhbh or Maedhbh in Early Modern Irish (pronounced [mʲɛɣβ]),
Maeve
List of names originating from the Irish language
list of Irish-language given names shows Irish language given names, their anglicisations and/or English language equivalents. Not all Irish given names
List of Irish-language given names
List_of_Irish-language_given_names
Scots word for blessing, protecting or consecrating
protecting, or consecrating. Sain is cognate with the Irish and Scottish Gaelic seun and sian and the Old Irish sén 'a protective charm'. Traditional saining
Saining
Name list
anglicized form of the Irish masculine given name Caoimhín (Irish pronunciation: [ˈkiːvʲiːnʲ]; Middle Irish: Caoimhghín [ˈkəiṽʲʝiːnʲ]; Old Irish: Cóemgein [ˈkoiṽʲɣʲinʲ];
Kevin
Etymology of placenames derived from Celtic languages
supreme', Breton penn, but Old Irish cenn > Irish ceann 'head' Celtic *magos 'field, plain' > Welsh maes 'field', Old Irish mag > Irish magh 'plain' Celtic *nemeto-
Celtic_toponymy
Gaelic female hag deity
In Gaelic (Irish, Scottish and Manx) myth, the Cailleach (Irish: [ˈkal̠ʲəx, kəˈl̠ʲax], Scottish Gaelic: [ˈkʰaʎəx]) is a divine hag, associated with the
Cailleach
Irish mythological god of healing
In Irish mythology, Dian Cécht (Old Irish pronunciation: [d̠ʲiːa̯n ˈkʲeːxt̪]; also known as Cainte or Canta) was the god of healing, the healer for the
Dian_Cecht
Dear Old Ireland (also known as "Ireland Boys Hurrah!") is an Irish folk song of the nineteenth century. Its lyrics were written by nationalist politician
Dear_Old_Ireland
Gaelic drinking toast
derived from the Old Irish adjective slán "whole, healthy" plus the Old Irish suffix tu, resulting in slántu "health" and eventually Middle Irish sláinte. The
Sláinte
Spelling and punctuation of the Irish language
system used to write Irish since the 5th century, when it replaced Ogham, which was used to write Primitive Irish and Old Irish. Prior to the mid-20th
Irish_orthography
distinction of Old Irish are found in the independent/dependent distinction in some irregular verbs, for example: In Early Modern Irish, the absolute/conjunct
Dependent and independent verb forms
Dependent_and_independent_verb_forms
Medieval writing system common to Ireland and England
script system originating in Ireland that spread to England and continental Europe under the influence of Irish Christianity. Irish missionaries took the script
Insular_script
Pantheon of pre-Christian Ireland
24–25: 53–69. Dictionary of the Irish language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials (compact ed.). Royal Irish Academy. 1990. ISBN 9780901714299
Tuatha_Dé_Danann
Gaelic festival marking the start of winter
all come from the Old and Middle Irish Samain or Samuin [ˈsaβ̃ɨnʲ], the name for the festival held on 1 November in medieval Ireland. Traditionally, it
Samhain
Spirits of the unforgiven dead in Scottish and Irish Gaelic folklore
The Sluagh (Irish: [ˈsˠl̪ˠuə], Scottish Gaelic: [ˈs̪l̪ˠuəɣ]; Old Irish: slúag; English: 'host, army, crowd'), or Sluagh na marbh ('host of the dead'),
Sluagh
Main territorial divisions of the island of Ireland
Ulster Munster In modern Irish, the word for province is cúige (pl. cúigí). The modern Irish term derives from the Old Irish cóiced (pl. cóiceda) which
Provinces_of_Ireland
Variety of artifacts in Celtic culture
Proto-Celtic the words for "oak" were *daru and *derwā/*deruo; Old Irish and Modern Irish, dair; Scottish Gaelic, darach; Manx, daragh; Welsh, derwen, dâr;
Celtic_sacred_trees
British tribe of the Iron Age and Roman era
Welsh/Cornish/Breton bre 'hill' (< brigā). The name Bridget from Old Irish Brigit (Modern Irish Bríd) also comes from *Brigantī, as does the English river name
Brigantes
Irish language dialect
Leinster Irish (Irish: Gaeilge Laighean) is the dialect of the Irish language that was spoken in the province of Leinster, Ireland. Although Irish was historically
Leinster_Irish
Class of seers in ancient Celtic society
continued by Old Irish fáith ('seer, prophet'). The threefold Gaulish scheme of bardos, uáteis and druides has a counterpart in the early Irish triad of bard
Vates
Additional letters of the Ogham alphabet
century) inscriptions collectively termed forfeda. They may date to Old Irish, Middle Irish or even early modern times. Due to the "schematicism of later Ogamists"
Forfeda
Irish name for Ireland
/ˈɛərə/, Irish: [ˈeːɾʲə] ) is the Irish language name for "Ireland". Like its English counterpart, the term Éire is used for both the island of Ireland and
Éire
Earlier form of the Irish language
Early Modern Irish (Irish: Gaeilge Chlasaiceach, lit. 'Classical Irish') was a transitional language between Middle Irish and Modern Irish. Its literary
Early_Modern_Irish
Runic alphabet letter
traditions, including potential derivatives like Irish Ogham, which also uses "birch" for B (Old Irish: Beith). In Proto-Germanic, including descendants
*Berkanan
Legendary Irish queen
Medb (Old Irish: [mʲeðβ]), later spelled Meadhbh (Middle Irish: [mʲɛɣβ]), Méabh(a) (Irish: [ˈmʲeːw(ə)]) and Méibh (Irish: [mʲeːvʲ]), and often anglicised
Medb
legalised in Ireland again but the relics of most of the old Irish saints had been destroyed, so Pope Gregory XVI gifted these to the Irish nation. In the
Catholic_Church_in_Ireland
Irish pagan sun and fertility god
Crom Cruach (Old Irish: Cromm Crúaich [kɾom ˈkɾuːa̯xʲ]) was a pagan god of pre-Christian Ireland. According to Christian writers, he was propitiated with
Crom_Cruach
Christian missionary, bishop, and saint
ʊs]), which gives Old Irish: Pátraic Irish pronunciation: [ˈpˠaːd̪ˠɾˠəɟ] and Irish: Pádraig (Irish pronunciation: [ˈpˠaːd̪ˠɾˠəɟ] or Irish pronunciation:
Saint_Patrick
Group of Celtic languages of Brittany, Great Britain, Ireland, and the Isle of Man
before a voiced stop Old Irish: imb "butter" (vs. Breton aman(en)n, Cornish amanyn) Old Irish: ingen "nail" (vs. Old Welsh eguin) Old Irish: tengae "tongue"
Insular_Celtic_languages
Kingdom in east-central Ireland (1st–12th centuries)
Meath (/miːð/ MEEDH; Modern Irish: Mí; Old Irish: Mide [ˈmʲiðʲe]) was a kingdom in Ireland from the 1st to the 12th century AD. Its name means "middle
Kingdom_of_Meath
Name list
Cian (Irish: [ˈciənˠ]; Old Irish: Cían) is a Gaelic given name meaning "ancient". Cian was the eighth most popular Irish boy's name in Ireland in 2003[citation
Cian_(name)
Irish mythical hero
Irish: [ˈfʲɪn̪ˠ mˠək ˈkuːl̠ʲ] Connacht Irish: [ˈfʲʊn̪ˠ-] Munster Irish: [ˈfʲuːn̪ˠ-]; Scottish Gaelic: [ˈfjũːn̪ˠ maxk ˈkʰũ.əʎ]; Old and Middle Irish:
Fionn_mac_Cumhaill
Phantom island in Irish myth
Hy-Brasil (Irish: Uí Bhreasail) is a phantom island said to lie in the Atlantic Ocean west of Ireland. Irish myths described it as cloaked in mist except
Hy_Brasil
Chief king of the Fomorians in Irish Mythology
315-million-year-old fossilised remnant of the sponge was discovered by the Cliffs of Moher in Ireland. Crom Cruach, Crom Dubh Irish mythology in popular
Balor
Currency of Ireland before 2002
the Bank of Ireland and were denominated in pence Irish. The last copper coins of the Irish pound were minted in 1823, and in 1826 the Irish pound was merged
Irish_pound
People that raided Roman Britain
similarity between Latin Attacotti and the Old Irish term aithechthúatha, a generic designation for certain Irish population groups, usually translated 'rent-paying
Attacotti
Celtic subfamily of Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man
Primitive Irish Old Irish Middle Irish Early Modern Irish Modern Irish Scottish Gaelic Manx During the historical era, Goidelic was restricted to Ireland and
Goidelic_languages
Deity
In Irish mythology, the Badb (Old Irish, pronounced [baðβ]), or in modern Irish Badhbh (Irish pronunciation: [bˠəu], Munster Irish: [bˠəiw])—also meaning
Badb
10th-century King of Dublin
Guthfrithson or Anlaf Guthfrithson (Old Norse: Óláfr Guðrøðsson [ˈoːˌlɑːvz̠ ˈɡuðˌrøðsˌson]; Old English: Ánláf; Old Irish: Amlaíb mac Gofraid; died 941) was
Olaf_Guthfrithson
Character from the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology
Aífe (Old Irish), spelled Aoife (IPA: [ˈiːfʲə]) in Modern Irish and Scots Gaelic, is a character from the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. She appears
Aífe
Extinct language in Scotland
between the Irish and Pictish languages. This view, involving independent settlement of Ireland and Scotland by Goidelic people, obviated an Irish influence
Pictish_language
Heroine in Irish mythology
-dri/ DEER-drə, -dree, Irish: [ˈdʲɛɾˠdʲɾʲə]; Old Irish: Derdriu [ˈd̠ʲerʲd̠ʲɾʲu]) is a tragic heroine in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. She is also
Deirdre
addition to kingdoms or túatha, Gaelic Ireland was also divided into five prime overkingdoms (Old Irish cóiceda, Modern Irish cúige). These were Ulaid (in the
List_of_Irish_kingdoms
Name list
of Irish origin. The name is derived from the Old Irish word daire (Modern Irish doire), which means "oak". Darragh is frequently used in Ireland as a
Darragh
Name list
Niamh (Irish: [n̠ʲiəw]; from Old Irish Niaṁ) is an Irish feminine given name (meaning "bright" or "radiant"), anglicised as Neve, Nieve, Neave, Neavh
Niamh
Mythological and folkloric figure of Ireland
Crom Dubh (Old Irish: [kɾom ˈd̪uβ], Scottish Gaelic: [kʰɾɔum t̪uh]; meaning "black crooked [one]"; also Crum Dubh, Dark Crom) is a mythological and folkloric
Crom_Dubh
travel, tourism, insurance
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
OLD IRISH
travel, tourism, insurance