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Extinct genus of notoungulates
Nesodon ("island tooth") is a genus of Miocene mammal belonging to the extinct order Notoungulata which inhabited southern South America during the Late
Nesodon
Extinct family of notoungulate mammals
to large-sized, ranging from around 350–400 kilograms (770–880 lb) in Nesodon to 1,000–1,200 kilograms (2,200–2,600 lb) in Toxodon, and had medium to
Toxodontidae
Genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic
In 1977 James A. Jensen and John Ostrom by mistake referred to it as Nesodon (1977). Colbert found Nesodactylus to have had longer wings and more robust
Nesodactylus
Extinct genus of mammal
Adinotherium was suggested to be ancestral to Trigodon, while others claim Nesodon was the direct ancestor to the genus, though neither hypothesis is thought
Trigodon
Extinct order of hoofed mammals
Mesotheriidae) Skeleton of Miocochilius (Typotheria, Interatheriidae) Skeleton of Nesodon (Toxodontia, Toxodontidae) Skeleton of Protypotherium (Typotheria, Interatheriidae)
Notoungulata
Extinct clade of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
South American native ungulates
South_American_native_ungulates
Extinct suborder of mammals
Oligocene in the form of Proadinotherium. Another well-known toxodontid is Nesodon, a medium-sized Miocene toxodontid descended from Proadinotherium which
Toxodontia
Genus Adinotherium Genus Toxodon Genus Trigodon Genus Mixotoxodon Genus Nesodon Family Homalodotheriidae Genus Chasicotherium Genus Homalodotherium Family
List_of_prehistoric_mammals
Extinct genus of birds
herbivorous, South American notoungulate mammals like the toxodontids Nesodon and Adinotherium were the large low browsers, with rabbit-like interatheriiid
Psilopterus
Extinct genus of astrapotheres
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Eoastrapostylops
Extinct family of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Sparnotheriodontidae
Monotypic genus of extinct mammals from Venezuela
Leontinia Scarrittia Rhynchippus Proadinotherium Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Toxodontinae Palyeidodon Hyperoxotodon Piauhytherium Mixotoxodon Falcontoxodon
Falcontoxodon
Extinct genus of mammals
more similar in size to that of notoungulates such as Homalodotherium and Nesodon. Another very distinctive feature is the presence of two pairs of large
Pyrotherium
Extinct genus of camel-like ungulate
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Macrauchenia
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Neobrettus cornutus, a spider species in the genus Neobrettus Nesodon cornutus, an extinct mammal species Notropis cornutus, a fish species Cornutus
N._cornutus
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Pyrotheriidae
Extinct order of hoofed mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Litopterna
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Mesotherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Sparnotheriodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Federicoanaya
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Colombitherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Taubatherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Micrauchenia
Extinct order of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Astrapotheria
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Xenorhinotherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Promacrauchenia
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Proticia
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Proterotherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
†Toxodontidae †Proadinotherium leptognathum †Adinotherium spp. †Nesodon taweretus †Nesodon imbricatus †Palyeidodon obtusum †Hyperoxotodon speciosus †Nonotherium
Toxodon
Extinct suborder of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Notioprogonia
Genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Campanorco
Extinct genus of notoungulates
The grinding teeth were hypsodont, and were similar in form to those of Nesodon. The temporalis muscle was poorly developed in Pachyrukhos because it had
Pachyrukhos
American biologist and vertebrate paleontologist
Skull of Nesodon imbricatus, a notoungulate mammal studied by Cifelli
Richard_L._Cifelli
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Argyrohyrax
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Baguatherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Cochilius
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Cullinia
notoungulates Pleurostylodon modicus, Eurygenium pacegnum, Adinotherium ovinum and Nesodon imbricatus. Von Koenigswald (2026) reviews the morphological diversity
2026_in_paleomammalogy
Extinct genus of ungulate mammal
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Neolicaphrium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Eotypotherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
partial remains. From the comparison with its relatives Adinotherium and Nesodon, it is supposed that Adinotherium was an herbivorous animal the size of
Proadinotherium
Extinct genus of ungulate from South America
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Protheosodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Progaleopithecus
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Notohippidae
Extinct genus of mammals
Leontinia Scarrittia Rhynchippus Proadinotherium Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Toxodontinae Palyeidodon Hyperoxotodon Piauhytherium Mixotoxodon Falcontoxodon
Piauhytherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Argyrohippus praecox Notohippus toxodontoides Toxodontidae Adinotherium ovinum Nesodon imbricatus Toxodon platensis Posnanskytherium desaquaderoi "Isotemnidae"
Teushentherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Pericotoxodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Termastherium
Extinct genus of birds
ground sloths like Prepotherium and Eucholoeops, notoungulate toxodontids Nesodon and Adinotherium, the homalodotheriid Homalodotherium, and the litopterns
Phorusrhacos
Extinct genus of mammals
vertebral column (or, at least, what is known of it) resembles that of Nesodon. The deltopectoral crest was prominent and extended for most humerus' length
Homalodotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Etayoa
Extinct subfamily of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Interatheriinae
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Archaeohyracidae
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Gyrinodon
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Argyrohippus
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Paramacrauchenia
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Tricoelodus
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Rodcania
Extinct genus of indeterminate Notoungulate
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Carolodarwinia
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Comahuetherium
Extinct genus of mammals
†Astrapotheriinae Genus: †Astrapotherium Burmeister, 1879 Type species †Nesodon magnus Owen, 1853 Species †A. burmeisteri Mercerat, 1891 †A. guillei Kramarz
Astrapotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Carolozittelia
Extinct genus of astrapothere
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Xenastrapotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
gaudri Toxodontidae Proadinotherium leptognathum Adinotherium spp. Nesodon taweretus Nesodon imbricatus Palyeidodon obtusum Hyperoxotodon speciosus Nonotherium
Mixotoxodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Ultrapithecus
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Notiolofos
Extinct order of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Xenungulata
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Sallatherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Leontinia
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Mesotheriidae
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Eohyrax
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Hegetotheriidae
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Lambdaconus
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Didolodontidae
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Homalodotheriidae
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Neodolodus
Extinct order of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Pyrotheria
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Periphragnis
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Phoenixauchenia
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Thoatherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Anayatherium
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Thoatheriopsis
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Griphotherion
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Pisanodon
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Astrapotherium, the toxodont notoungulates Adinotherium, Homalodotherium and Nesodon shared the niche of low browsers, along with the litopterns Adianthus,
Protypotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Rhyphodon
Genus of mammals (fossil)
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Trigonostylops
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Prosotherium
Extinct genus of notoungulates
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Interatherium
Extinct family of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Uruguaytherium
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Notonychops
Period of geologic time within the Middle Miocene epoch
Proterotheriidae indet., ? Xenastrapotherium indet. Honda Group Bolivia Nesodon taweretus, cf. Astrapotherium sp., cf. Theosodon sp., Lomaphorini indet
Laventan
Extinct family of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Proterotheriidae
Extinct genus of litopterns
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Theosodon
South American land mammal age (SALMA)
patagonicum, M. tehuelchum, Necrolestes patagonensis, Neoreomys australis, Nesodon imbricatus, N. marmoratus, Orthoarthrus mixtus, Pachyrukhos moyani, Palaeothentes
Santacrucian
Extinct genus of mammals from South America
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Xesmodon
Extinct genus of mammals
Teushentherium Trimerostephanos †Toxodontidae †Nesodontinae Adinotherium Nesodon Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae Abothrodon Andinotoxodon Calchaquitherium
Parastrapotherium
Extinct genus of mammals
gaudri Toxodontidae Proadinotherium leptognathum Adinotherium spp. Nesodon taweretus Nesodon imbricatus Palyeidodon obtusum Hyperoxotodon speciosus Nonotherium
Hoffstetterius
Period of geologic time (29.0–21.0 Ma)
Deuterotherium sp., Hegetotherium sp., Homalodontotherium sp., Leontinia sp., Nesodon sp., Octodontotherium sp., Trimerostephanos sp., Palaeothentidae indet
Deseadan
Extinct genus of birds
ground sloths like Prepotherium and Eucholoeops, notoungulate toxodontids Nesodon and Adinotherium, the homalodotheriid Homalodotherium, and the litopterns
Patagornis
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