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Phenomenon in which populations temporarily exceed carrying capacity of environment
In environmental science, a population overshoots its local carrying capacity—the maximum population size that an ecosystem can sustainably support—when
Overshoot_(population)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up overshoot in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Overshoot may refer to: Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change, a 1980 book by
Overshoot
Demands on ecosystem exceeding regeneration
overshoot is the phenomenon which occurs when the demands made on a natural ecosystem exceed its regenerative capacity. Global ecological overshoot occurs
Ecological_overshoot
Calculated calendar date when humanity's yearly consumption exceeds Earth's replenishment
2026, it falls on July 30. The term "overshoot" represents the level by which human population's demand overshoots the sustainable amount of biological
Earth_Overshoot_Day
Increase in the number of individuals in a population
Ecological overshoot Epidemiological transition Human population planning Irruptive growth Overshoot (population) Population ageing Population decline Population
Population_growth
Concept in epidemiology
over the theoretical HIT is known as the overshoot. The primary way to boost levels of immunity in a population is through vaccination. Vaccination is originally
Herd_immunity
When a signal or function exceeds its target
In signal processing, control theory, electronics, and mathematics, overshoot is the occurrence of a signal or function exceeding its target. Undershoot
Overshoot_(signal)
– Stop Population Growth Now Australia – Sustainable Australia United States – Church of Euthanasia Human overpopulation Overshoot (population) Human
List of population concern organizations
List_of_population_concern_organizations
Idea about population growth and food supply
the take-off to modern growth. Carrying capacity Demographic trap Overshoot (population) Antinatalism Ecofascism Food race John B. Calhoun and his Behavioral
Malthusianism
Condition wherein human numbers exceed the carrying capacity of the environment
Human overpopulation or human population overshoot is the condition in which human populations may become too large to be sustained by their environment
Human_overpopulation
Set of people living in a particular area or interbreeding
A human population is the set of people living in a particular geographic area, increasing or decreasing in size over time, but in human biology, a human
Population_(human_biology)
Academic journal
Population and Development Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley on behalf of the Population Council. It was established
Population and Development Review
Population_and_Development_Review
Maximum population size of a species that an ecosystem can support
Overpopulation – When a population of a species exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment Overshoot (population) – Phenomenon in which populations temporarily
Carrying_capacity
Relationship between human population, environmental limits, and sustainability
population growth to ensure sustainability. Population ageing Population growth Human overpopulation Intergenerational equity Overshoot (population)
Sustainable_population
Term used to describe the effects of unsustainable population growth
reproduce. Malthusian catastrophe Population growth Overshoot (population) Sustainable population "World population growth: Are we too many?". Allianz
Population_pressure
List of countries by total fertility rate List of countries by population growth rate Overshoot (population) Population pyramid Global catastrophic risk
List of countries by birth rate
List_of_countries_by_birth_rate
Practice of controlling rate of growth
Human population planning is the practice of managing the growth rate of a human population. The practice, traditionally referred to as population control
Human_population_planning
1980 non-fiction book by William R. Catton
rapid population growth and technological innovation that pushed humanity beyond the planet's carrying capacity. The book contends that this overshoot has
Overshoot_(book)
reclamation • Optimum population • Overshoot (population) • Pollution and reproduction • Population density • Population dynamics • Population growth • Projections
List_of_environmental_issues
US-American nonprofit organization for sustainability
and ecological overshoot, and advocates pathways that address their combined impacts on the planet, people, and animals. Population Balance was founded
Population_Balance
Academic journal
Population and Environment is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on the reciprocal links between population, natural resources
Population_and_Environment
Individual's or a group's human demand on nature
countries by ecological footprint Netherlands fallacy Our Common Future Overshoot (population) Physical balance of trade Simon–Ehrlich wager Social metabolism
Ecological_footprint
Population neither growing nor declining
Zero population growth, sometimes abbreviated ZPG, is a condition of demographic balance where the number of people in a specified population neither grows
Zero_population_growth
UK-based charity
Population Matters, formerly known as the Optimum Population Trust, is a UK-based charity that works at the intersection of population, environmental sustainability
Population_Matters
When a population of a species exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment
basis to argue against continuing high human population growth and for population decline. Overshoot (population) "Overpopulation". United Nations Economic
Overpopulation
1968 book predicting worldwide famine
the growth rate might go negative and the population start shrinking in this century without an overshoot and crash, but that is what is happening. Charles
The_Population_Bomb
Location of an isolated population of a formerly-widespread species
In population biology, a refugium (plural: refugia) is a location which supports a relict or isolated population of a once more widespread species. This
Refugium_(population_biology)
Resource use exceeding carrying capacity
studies Externality The Limits to Growth Mottainai Overexploitation Overshoot (population) Peak copper Peak oil Planet of the Humans (film) Preorder economy
Overconsumption
increase. In general, population growth roughly follows one of these trends: Logistic growth leveling out at some carrying capacity. Overshoot ("boom" and "bust"
Pest insect population dynamics
Pest_insect_population_dynamics
Equates human impact on the environment
carrying capacity, then the system is said to be in overshoot, which may only be a temporary state. Overshoot may degrade the ability of the environment to
I_=_PAT
Ecological trend recorded since the late 20th century
species. In the 2010s, reports emerged about the widespread decline in populations across multiple insect orders. The reported severity shocked many observers
Decline_in_insect_populations
Statistical effects of small numbers on a population
Small populations can behave differently from larger populations. They are often the result of population bottlenecks from larger populations, leading
Small_population_size
Field of ecology
on population ecology can also be found in the Journal of Animal Ecology, Oikos and other journals. Density-dependent inhibition Ecological overshoot Irruptive
Population_ecology
Population dynamics model characterized by sharp booms and busts
needed] Population growth Ecological overshoot Population planning White, P. J.; Bruggeman, Jason E.; Robert A., Garrott (2007). "Irruptive population dynamics
Irruptive_growth
Ongoing mass extinction of amphibian species worldwide
Since the 1980s, decreases in amphibian populations, including population decline and localized mass extinctions, have been observed in locations all
Decline in amphibian populations
Decline_in_amphibian_populations
Ongoing extinction event caused by human activity
cause is too many people demanding too much from ecosystems, or human overshoot of the biophysical carrying capacity of the Earth. Caro, Tim; Rowe, Zeke;
Holocene_extinction
Person pessimistic or fatalistic about global problems
problems such as overpopulation, peak oil, climate change, ecological overshoot, pollution, nuclear weapons, democratic backsliding, economic collapse
Doomer
the original on 14 March 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2008. "Overshoot Index 2011" (PDF). Population Matters. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2013
Geography_of_Israel
Village in Stavropol, Russia
Krymgireevskoe had 4,200 residents, 566 households, and 585 houses. By 1897, the population grew to 5,500 with 761 households and 973 houses. At the beginning of
Krymgireevskoye
Species of bird of genus Merops
southern African population, the species is strongly migratory, wintering in tropical Africa. This species occurs as a spring overshoot north of its usual
European_bee-eater
Statistical confidence interval for success counts
exceed [ 0 , 1 ] {\displaystyle \ [0,1]\ } (overshoot). (Another version of the second, overshoot problem, arises when instead 1 − p ^ {\displaystyle
Binomial proportion confidence interval
Binomial_proportion_confidence_interval
Ecological organization
youtube.com, retrieved 24 January 2022 "Past Earth Overshoot Days". OvershootDay.org. Earth Overshoot Day. 2025. Archived from the original on 20 June 2025
Global_Footprint_Network
Estimate of an ecosystem's production of certain biological materials
a deficit comes from three sources: overusing one's own ecosystems ("overshoot"), net imports, or use of the global commons. Latest data from Global
Biocapacity
Village in Kendrapada, Odisha, India
state of Odisha. "Primary Census Abstract Data Tables – India: Final Population Totals". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
Panki,_Kendrapada
Canadian ecologist (born 1943)
clearly that the human enterprise is in a state of advanced ecological overshoot. Rees' work has long focused on the relationship between the human enterprise
William_E._Rees
Belief that promotes human reproduction
see natalism as a driver of reproductive injustice, population growth, and ecological overshoot. In U.S. political reporting, some coverage of pronatalist
Natalism
Outline of demography contains human demography and population related important concepts and high-level aggregated lists compiled in the useful categories
List of population related meta concepts and meta lists
List_of_population_related_meta_concepts_and_meta_lists
Phenomenon where an animal appears outside its normal range
migration and end up in areas further north (such birds are termed spring overshoots). In autumn, some young birds, instead of heading to their usual wintering
Vagrancy_(biology)
Depletion of natural organic and inorganic resources
ISSN 1435-0157. S2CID 21715061. "About Earth Overshoot Day - #MoveTheDate of Earth Overshoot Day". Earth Overshoot Day. Archived from the original on 2024-04-12
Resource_depletion
American artist, musician, software developer, and activist (born 1962)
Avenging Angels of Software (2024) – Slacker 85, HRL010, 12" + Digital Overshoot (2025), Chris Korda. Road House, Paris. Hardcover, 30.5 × 30.5 cm, 90
Chris_Korda
Book by William Stanley Jevons
central to sustainability, including limits to growth, overpopulation, overshoot, energy return on energy input (EROEI), taxation of energy resources,
The_Coal_Question
Seasonal movement of birds
past their destinations as in the "spring overshoot" in which birds returning to their breeding areas overshoot and end up further north than intended.
Bird_migration
Fall of a complex human society
natural catastrophe, war, pestilence, famine, economic collapse, population decline or overshoot, incompetent leaders, and sabotage by rival civilizations.
Societal_collapse
2003 book on population ecology
dynamics, including exponential growth, monotonic approach to equilibrium, overshooting equilibrium, damped oscillations, oscillations with constant or increasing
Ecological_Orbits
Snake Day". ASP. Retrieved 12 April 2022. "Past Earth Overshoot Days". OvershootDay.org. Earth Overshoot Day. 2025. Archived from the original on 20 June 2025
List_of_environmental_dates
1972 book on economic and population growth
(1948); Road to Survival by William Vogt (1948); The Population Bomb by Paul R. Ehrlich (1968); Overshoot by William R. Catton (1980); State of the World reports
The_Limits_to_Growth
American sociologist (1926–2015)
sociology and human ecology. More broadly, Catton is known for his 1980 book, Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change, which is credited by younger
William_R._Catton_Jr.
low reproductive rates, even small hunting pressures could lead to a population collapse. Evidence for humans as a cause of some of the extinctions includes
Environmental impacts of prehistoric humans
Environmental_impacts_of_prehistoric_humans
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
Alexander; Montoya, Marisa; Rypdal, Martin; Boers, Niklas (18 October 2023). "Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet". Nature. 622 (7983):
Climate_change
Impact of human life on Earth and environment
463T. doi:10.1080/02646811.2018.1450895. "Past Earth Overshoot Days". OvershootDay.org. Earth Overshoot Day. 2025. Archived from the original on 20 June 2025
Human impact on the environment
Human_impact_on_the_environment
American author (1935–2018)
catastrophic loss of biodiversity and, just as directly, overshoot towards an eventual human population crash, of which the dominant culture worldwide shows
Daniel_Quinn
List of extinct species
event Endangered species Extinct (disambiguation) Lists of organisms by population Lists of animals List of lists of lists §§ Natural and physical sciences
Lists_of_extinct_species
IUCN conservation category
only consisting of living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range. Classification requires exhaustive surveys
Extinct_in_the_wild
Economic model for sustainable development (created 2012)
an economy by the extent to which the needs of people are met without overshooting Earth's ecological ceiling. The main goal of the new model is to re-frame
Doughnut_(economic_model)
End of the human species
omnicide, refers to the possible ending of the human species, either by population decline due to singular natural events—for example, space irradiation
Human_extinction
Last known individual of a species or subspecies
Spanish Pyrenees, after hunting and competition from livestock reduced the population to one individual. The final Vietnamese Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus
Endling
Earth's most severe extinction event
Muller's ratchet Mutational meltdown Overabundant species Overexploitation Overshoot Paradox of enrichment Theories and concepts Extinction debt Extinction
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Permian–Triassic_extinction_event
Depleting a renewable resource
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting or ecological overshoot, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Continued
Overexploitation
Measurement unit
these reserves are being depleted at an ever-increasing rate (see Earth Overshoot Day). The term "global hectare" was introduced in the early 2000s, based
Global_hectare
End of viability for a population
its existence cease; The reduced population no longer plays a significant role in ecosystem function; The population is no longer viable. There are no
Functional_extinction
American uninhabited island in Alaska
reindeer population rose to about 6,000 by 1963 and then died off in the next two years to 42 animals. A scientific study attributed the population crash
St._Matthew_Island
Condition in which damaged skeletal muscle breaks down rapidly
resumes, leading to hypercalcemia (abnormally high calcium levels). This "overshoot" occurs in 20–30% of those people who have developed kidney failure. Acute
Rhabdomyolysis
Seventh month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
States) Senior Citizen's Day (Kiribati) Shark Week (United States) Earth Overshoot Day See also Movable Western Christian observances See also Movable Eastern
July
Star cluster in the constellation of Taurus
in stellar evolution models, which include factors such as convective overshoot, in which a convective zone within a star penetrates an otherwise non-convective
Pleiades
Overuse of a shared resource
economists as having refuted Hardin's claims. Hardin's views on over-population have been criticised as simplistic eugenicist and racist. The concept
Tragedy_of_the_commons
Disappearance of a species from a specific area
destroyed or changed, by human activity or by natural processes, species populations may decline and then completely disappear from the affected region. Habitat
Local_extinction
Bioengineering project with the goal of replicating an extinct species
Muller's ratchet Mutational meltdown Overabundant species Overexploitation Overshoot Paradox of enrichment Theories and concepts Extinction debt Extinction
Colossal Biosciences dire wolf project
Colossal_Biosciences_dire_wolf_project
Type of evolutionary extinction vortex
accumulation of harmful mutations in a small population, which leads to loss of fitness and decline of the population size, which may lead to further accumulation
Mutational_meltdown
Statistical methods for comparing samples
close to 0 or 1. Additionally, the Wald method can sometimes produce "overshoot" limits that extend beyond the meaningful [−1, 1] range. To address this
Two-proportion_Z-test
Climate goal limiting greenhouse effect
retroactive withdrawal of CO2 emissions from the Earth's atmosphere (overshoot scenario) had been overestimated within climate research because of irreversible
1.5-degree_target
Taxon that disappears from the fossil record, only to reappear later
Likewise in conservation biology and ecology, it can refer to species or populations that were mistakenly thought to be extinct, and are rediscovered to be
Lazarus_taxon
started reform and opening up. Due to Shenzhen's population overshooting the 14.8 million population target for 2016 to 2020, the Shenzhen justice bureau
Demographics_of_Shenzhen
Calendar year
d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris. May 22 Air India Express Flight 812 overshoots the runway at Mangalore International Airport in India, killing 158 and
2010
1992 document on human carbon footprint
"World scientists' warning: The behavioural crisis driving ecological overshoot". Science Progress. 106 (3) 00368504231201372. doi:10.1177/00368504231201372
World Scientists' Warning to Humanity
World_Scientists'_Warning_to_Humanity
Branch of engineering and mathematics
inputs to drive the system to a desired state, while minimizing any delay, overshoot, or steady-state error and ensuring a level of control stability; often
Control_theory
Globally accessible seed bank on Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway
Consumption Anthropization Anti-consumerism Circular economy Durable good Earth Overshoot Day Ecological footprint Ethical Global trade of secondhand clothing Green
Svalbard_Global_Seed_Vault
Group of macroeconomic theories
government to step in and put purchasing power into the hands of the working population through government spending. Thus, according to Keynesian theory, some
Keynesian_economics
Total market value of goods and services produced within a country
any of these factors can increase the size of the economy. For example, population growth through mass immigration can raise consumption and demand for public
Gross_domestic_product
Societal goal and normative concept
human population, affluence and technology. This implies various ways to increase environmental sustainability. One would be human population control
Sustainability
City in Guangdong, China
started reform and opening up. Due to Shenzhen's population overshooting the 14.8 million population target for 2016 to 2020, the Shenzhen justice bureau
Shenzhen
Scientific projections regarding the far future
Retrieved 16 February 2025. Bochow, N; Poltronieri, A; Robinson, A (2023). "Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet". Nature. 622 (7983):
Timeline_of_the_far_future
Abstract strategy board game
2003) in three volumes, up to 1920, 1920–1950, and 1950 and later. See Overshoot in Western typography for similar subtle adjustment to create a uniform
Go_(game)
Constant capital and population size
mechanisms are capable of overcoming resource scarcity, pollution, or population overshoot. On the other hand, proponents of the steady-state economy maintain
Steady-state_economy
Generalized function whose value is zero everywhere except at zero
probability distribution is sometimes favorable because it does not result in overshoot or undershoot, as the output is a convex combination of the input values
Dirac_delta_function
Autonomous territory of Denmark
Alexander; Montoya, Marisa; Rypdal, Martin; Boers, Niklas (18 October 2023). "Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet". Nature. 622 (7983):
Greenland
Cities endangered by environmental change
Resiliency". New York City Department of City Planning. Retrieved 2026-04-23. "Overshoot: The World Is Hitting Point of No Return on Climate". Yale E360. Retrieved
Sinking_cities
Paradox coined by Michael Rosenzweig
In population ecology, the paradox of enrichment is the idea that increasing the food available to a prey species can cause the predator's population to
Paradox_of_enrichment
Environmental movement
environmental degradation. The group states that a decrease in the human population would prevent a significant amount of human-caused suffering. The extinctions
Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
Voluntary_Human_Extinction_Movement
Gaseous fossil fuel
and fugitive gas prevention technologies, otherwise it risks emissions overshoot or becoming stranded assets. Before natural gas can be burned as a fuel
Natural_gas
Large rainforest in South America
"Risks of unavoidable impacts on forests at 1.5 °C with and without overshoot". Nature Climate Change. 15 (6): 650–655. Bibcode:2025NatCC..15..650M
Amazon_rainforest
travel, tourism, insurance
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