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Manuscript listing ports and coastal landmarks
known to scholars: The Periplus of Himilco the Navigator, parts which are preserved in Pliny the Elder and Avienius. The Periplus of Hanno the Navigator
Periplus
1st-century Greco-Roman document
Thalássēs), also known by its Latin name as the Periplus Maris Erythraei, is a Greco-Roman periplus written in Koine Greek, in the first century, that
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
Lost Phoenician merchant handbook
The Massaliote Periplus or Massiliote Periplus is a now-lost merchants' handbook, possibly dating from as early as the 6th century BC, describing the
Massaliote_Periplus
5th-century BC Carthaginian explorer
article: English translation from The Periplus of Hanno (1913) by Wilfred H. Schoff Hanno's account, the Periplus (lit. circumnavigation), is one of the
Hanno_the_Navigator
Periplus: An Essay on the Early History of Charts and Sailing Directions is a seminal scholarly work by Baron Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, published in 1897
Periplus_(book)
American book publishing company
Periplus Online Bookstore (Indonesia)". periplus.com. Retrieved 2023-07-23. Nasution, Maymunah (2023-03-29). "Surganya Buku Impor, Toko Buku Periplus
Tuttle_Publishing
Ancient Greek periplus
The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax is an ancient Greek periplus (περίπλους períplous, 'circumnavigation') describing the sea route around the Mediterranean
Periplus_of_Pseudo-Scylax
2nd-century guidebook by Arrian
The Periplus of the Euxine Sea (Koine Greek: Περίπλους τοῦ Εὐξείνου Πόντου, Períplous toû Euxeínou Póntou, Latin: Periplus Ponti Euxini) is a periplus or
Periplus_of_the_Euxine_Sea
Ancient city-states of Somalia
wore cuirasses, a protective body armor. An ancient document called the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea describes the political system of the city states
Ancient_Somali_city-states
Relations
beginning and as a result of this Roman gold poured into the country." The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, written by an anonymous sea-captain in Greek, can
Indo-Roman_relations
Region of ancient India
Abiria was a country mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and by Ptolemy in his Geographia. The Periplus mentions it as Aberia with the coastal
Abiria
1st-century South Arabian ruler
and contemporary with the first-century Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The two Greek manuscripts of the Periplus give two variations of the name: Koine
Charibael
Ancient proto-Somali trading port
2026-05-09. G. W. B. Huntingford (ed.), The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Hakluyt Society, 1980), p. 25. "Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Perip.M.Rubri)"
Aromata
Greek explorer and writer of the late 6th and early 5th centuries BCE
authors. The periplus sometimes referred to as the Periplus of Scylax is, in fact, not written by him. More accurately called the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax
Scylax_of_Caryanda
Ancient name of water between the Horn of Africa and the Arabian peninsula
Periplus of the Erythræan sea; travel and trade in the Indian Ocean. New York : Longmans, Green, and Co. pp. 50 – via Internet Archive. The Periplus of
Erythraean_Sea
Historical people mentioned in the Mahabharata
scriptures. A historical people of the same name are mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The Mahabharata describes them as living near the
Abhira_people
City of the Indo-Scythian kingdom
Bhambore Barbarice Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Oraea Barbarikon Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, 38 Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, 42 Periplus of the Erythraean
Minnagara
Former name of a sea port near the modern-day city of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
for barbarian, Mleccha derives. Barbarikon is mentioned briefly in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: "This river [the Indus] has seven mouths, very shallow
Barbarikon
2nd-century Greek historian, official and philosopher
made translations of Arrian in 1663 and 1668. The voyage of Nearchus and Periplus of the Erythrean Sea were translated from the Greek by the then Dean of
Arrian
Region of Africa
travelogue the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea first describes Azania based on its author's intimate knowledge of the area. According to the Periplus, traded
Azania
Ancient port city in the Horn of Africa
the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Pliny’s Natural History, Ptolemy’s Geography, and the Ethnica of Stephanus of Byzantium as well as the Periplus of
Avalites
Carthaginian navigator and explorer
shores of Europe. Himilco's now-lost account, sometimes referred to as the Periplus of the Northern Sea, survives only in brief notices preserved by Pliny
Himilco
Mariner's handbook of written sailing directions
the East Indies. Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax (4th century BCE, Greek) Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (100 CE, Egyptian Greek) Periplus of the Euxine Sea
Rutter_(nautical)
Ancient south Indian port
or the early Tamil poems) and Graeco-Roman Classical texts, such as the Periplus and the writings of Pliny the Elder, especially for its importance in the
Muziris
Ancient Proto-Somali trading port in Somalia
Paris, BIUSante_00824) "Periplus of the Erythraean Sea". ToposText. Retrieved 9 March 2026. Casson, Lionel (1989). "The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with
Mosylon
Topics referred to by the same term
Egypt This, Ardennes, a commune in France This, a country mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, likely China This (Peter Hammill album) (1998) This
This
Ancient port town in modern Somalia
to be the historical predecessor to Mogadishu. Sarapion is mentioned in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a travelogue from a Greek merchant in the 1st century
Sarapion
American antiquarian and classical scholar (1874–1932)
works was the 1st century CE Greco-Roman Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, as well as the Carthaginian Periplus of Hanno. Besides writing, Schoff also served
Wilfred_Harvey_Schoff
Relations between ancient Greece and India
back to Egypt from Muziris in India. Muziris is also mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as one of the Indian ports Greek ships were sailing
Ancient Greece–Ancient India relations
Ancient_Greece–Ancient_India_relations
Ancient marketplace
possible that both the account of the Periplus and at least part of Miller's theory are correct, for the Periplus focuses on the availability of tortoise
Rhapta
Anaximander (died c. 546 BC) Hecataeus of Miletus (died c. 476 BC) Massaliote Periplus (6th century BC) Scylax of Caryanda (6th century BC) Herodotus (died c
List of Graeco-Roman geographers
List_of_Graeco-Roman_geographers
Ancient Greek city
Chalcidice noted in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax The name is sometimes rendered as Charadriae (Χαραδρίαι). Its site is unlocated. Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax
Charadrus_(Acte)
Archipelagic country in Southeast Asia
81 Easy and Delicious Recipes from the Pearl of the Orient. Singapore: Periplus Editions. ISBN 978-1-4629-0533-1. Cho, Younghan; Leary, Charles, eds. (2016)
Philippines
Trade between the Indian subcontinent and the Roman Empire
up the river from the shore twenty stadia" — The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (53–54) The Periplus Maris Erythraei mentions a marketplace named Poduke
Indo-Roman_trade_relations
City in Gujarat, India
Nahapana, whom the Periplus names as Manbanos and describes as ruling from Minnagara first and subsequently from Ujjain. The Periplus describes Barygaza
Bharuch
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Ships_of_ancient_Rome
Classical-era seaport in southeast Egypt, also known as Berenike
the 1st century CE travelogue Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, written by a Greek merchant based in Alexandria. The Periplus states that "on the right-hand
Berenice_Troglodytica
Ancient Roman periplus
sive Periplus Maris Magni or Stadiasmus of the Great Sea (Ancient Greek: Σταδιασμός ήτοι περίπλους της μεγάλης θαλάσσης) is an ancient Roman periplus or
Stadiasmus_Maris_Magni
Trade conducted through the Indian Ocean
up the river from the shore twenty stadia" — The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (53–54) The Periplus Maris Erythraei mentions a marketplace named Poduke
Indian_Ocean_trade
hubs for spices mainly cinnamon and the cities grew wealthy from it the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea tells us that the northern Somaliland and Puntland
History_of_Somaliland
Extension of the continental shelf of Southeast Asia
Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996). The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 10. ISBN 962-593-076-0. va Bemmelen, R.W. (1949). The
Sunda_Shelf
Region and archipelago in eastern Indonesia
Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996). The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 9. ISBN 962-593-076-0. Witton, Patrick (2003). Indonesia
Maluku_Islands
Early 2nd century King of Aksum
Ζωσκάλης) (c. 1st Century) was a King of the Kingdom of Aksum. In the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Zoskales is described as the only ruler of the region
Zoskales
World's oldest known shipwreck
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Kekova_shipwreck
One of three ancient Tamil kingdoms
towns, ports and commerce furnished by the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Periplus Maris Erythraei). Periplus is a work by an anonymous Alexandrian merchant
Early_Cholas
Country in Southeastern Europe
of the Vjosë. The first account of the Illyrian groups comes from the Periplus of the Euxine Sea, a Greek text written in the 4th century BC. The Bryges
Albania
Ancient Greek term for parts of Africa
the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, initially describes the littoral, based on its author's intimate knowledge of the area. However, the Periplus does
Aethiopia
Ancient description of an area or territory
correctly called Περίοδος του Νικομήδη Mnaseas of Patras's Periegesis or Periplus Periplus, an itinerary of ports and coastal landmarks Periodos ges of Hecataeus
Periegesis
Ancient port town in Kerala, India
Greco-Roman authors, including Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy, as well as in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and on the Peutingerian Table. No archaeological
Nelcynda
Bright red plant-based resin
collected from Dracaena cinnabari, and is mentioned in the 1st century Periplus Maris Erythraei (xxx.10.17) as one of the products of Socotra. Socotra
Dragon's_blood
Country in Southeast Asia
Hutton, Wendy (1997). East Malaysia and Brunei. Adventure Guides Series. Periplus Editions. ISBN 978-9-62593180-7. Nicholl, Robert (1983). "Brunei Rediscovered:
Brunei
English type of spiced bun
Food of London: A Culinary Tour of Classic British Cuisine, Singapore: Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd, 2002, p.26 Alan Davidson "Bun" in The Oxford Companion
Chelsea_bun
Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax. Its site is located near the modern town of Pazar, in Turkey. Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v. Arrian, Periplus of
Athenae_(Pontus)
Arm of the Indian Ocean between Asia and Africa
about the sea in the 2nd century BC. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea ("Periplus of the Red Sea"), a Greek periplus written by an unknown author around the
Red_Sea
Town in Awdal, Somaliland
site of Avalites mentioned in the 1st-century Greco-Roman travelogue the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and in Ptolemy, although this is disputed. The town
Zeila
Town in ancient Paphlagonia
south of Sinope, and 150 stadia from it. It is also mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax as a Greek city; and by Pliny the Elder. It was a member
Carussa
Part of a continent broken from its main mass
Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996). The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. pp. 41–43. ISBN 978-962-593-076-3. Tetreault, J. L.; Buiter
Continental_fragment
Place name
transliteration of the original P-Celtic term. It first appeared within a periplus written in the circa 320s BC by the geographer and explorer Pytheas of
Britain_(place_name)
Book about a place for visitors or tourists
the guidebook was the periplus, an itinerary from landmark to landmark of the ports along a coast. A periplus such as the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
Guide_book
New Zealand travel and food writer (1940–2018)
2016) Tuttle Publishing The Food of Bali (2015) Periplus Editions The Food of Malaysia (2015) Periplus Editions Green Mangoes and Lemon Grass: Southeast
Wendy_Hutton
Mottled, flexible, brownish material made from the shells of turtles
for furniture, especially couches for dining, and for small items. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, probably a work of the 1st century AD, distinguishes
Tortoiseshell
Ancient region
refers to the coast and hinterland and not just the port. According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a 1st-century travelogue written by a Greek merchant
Barbaria_(region)
Area in the Red Sea coast
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Wadi_al-Jarf
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Ancient_Black_Sea_shipwrecks
Conflict between the Roman Republic and the Cilician pirates
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Pompey's campaign against the pirates
Pompey's_campaign_against_the_pirates
Saraganus noted in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (written between A. D. 70 and 80) probably refers to this Satakarni I. Periplus suggests that the Northern
History_of_Raigad_district
Ancient Greek temple in East Attica, Greece
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Temple_of_Poseidon,_Sounion
Saraostus, under the name Surastrene, is also mentioned in the 1st century CE Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: "Beyond the gulf of Baraca is that of Barygaza and
Saraostus
Harbour of ancient Laconia
Achilleios limen (Ἀχίλλειος λιμὴν), was a harbour of ancient Laconia. The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax places it between Methone and Psamathus, inside Laconia
Achilleius
City in Andhra Pradesh, India
Nagarjunakonda in Southern India, p. 187 Periplus, Point 62; http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/periplus.asp Archived 4 February 2017 at the Wayback
Machilipatnam
but along the coast there is nothing but bdellium." Periplus, Chap. 38 Makran Gedrosia Periplus of the Erythraean Sea "Ormara Beach Balochistan". getout
Oraea
People from Eritrea and its diaspora
the world, along with Persia, Rome, and China. It is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea; the name Erythraean Sea refers to the Red Sea, and
Eritreans
Village in Maharashtra
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as one of the two pre-eminent centres, along with Pratisthana, in modern Paithan in Aurangabad district. The Periplus says
Ter,_Maharashtra
Sanskrit term for a pillard hall or pavilion
Thapar, Binda (2004). Introduction to Hinduism Architecture. Singapore: Periplus Editions. p. 143. ISBN 0-7946-0011-5. Ching, Francis D.K. (1995). A Visual
Mandapa
Indo-Scythian rulers of western and central India (35-415 CE)
— Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Chap. 41 Under the Western Satraps, Barigaza was one of the main centers of Roman trade with India. The Periplus describes
Western_Satraps
Strait between the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman
opening to the Persian Gulf was described, but not given a name, in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a 1st-century mariner's guide: At the upper end
Strait_of_Hormuz
Ship-borne siege engine
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Sambuca_(siege_engine)
Abbot and sailor
Voyage of Bran. Many features of the Celtic Otherworld are present in the Periplus of Saint Amaro. Like Saint Brendan, Amaro is said to have travelled on
Saint_Amaro
State in western India
Gujarat's 2,000-year maritime history is documented in a Greek book titled The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a Merchant
Gujarat
Basil widely used in Southeast Asia
Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Singapore: Periplus Editions. p. 34. ISBN 9780794604882. Retrieved 8 December 2014. Loha-Unchit
Thai_basil
Former Latin name for South Arabia and Yemen
the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (probably 1st century AD) as if it had fallen on hard times. Of the auspiciously named port we read in the periplus that
Arabia_Felix
Red Sea trading post in modern Yemen
Mokha due to the recession of the coast. The city was mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Pliny the Elder's Natural History and Ptolemy's
Muza_(emporion)
Imperial dynasty in China (202 BC – 220 AD)
JSTOR 2691200. Suárez, Thomas (1999), Early Mapping of Southeast Asia, Singapore: Periplus, ISBN 978-962-593-470-9. Sun, Xiaochun; Kistemaker, Jacob (1997), The Chinese
Han_dynasty
Ancient Indian seaport/harbor-town mentioned in the Graeco-Roman writings
similar to that of Muchiri. The port of Thondi also had an ananku goddess. Periplus of the Erythraean Sea - Tyndis Pliny the Elder (Natural History) - Tyndis
Tyndis
Sea-based state or society
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Thalassocracy
Boat made from a hollowed tree
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Dugout_canoe
Legendary cave dwelling tribe in Greco-Roman historiography
B. (1980). "The ethnology and history of the area covered by the Periplus". Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. London, UK.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location
Troglodytae
Country in East Africa
Greek name (possibly from a Sabaic name) for the same coast, mentioned in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a book written in the first-century CE. Azania is
Tanzania
Bronze Age civilisation in South Asia
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Indus_Valley_Civilisation
City in Maharashtra, India
the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts, particularly in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. However, Kalyan is not mentioned in Ptolemy's Geography
Kalyan
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
List of surviving ancient ships
List_of_surviving_ancient_ships
Process of steering a ship from a starting point to a destination
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Marine_navigation
Species of flowering plant in the celery family
Agriculture Hutton, Wendy (2004). A Cook's Guide to Asian Vegetables. Singapore: Periplus Editions. pp. 110–111. ISBN 0794600786. Paul J.H.A.; Seaforth C.E.; Tikasingh
Eryngium_foetidum
Ancient Semitic maritime civilization
network Sa Huynh-Kalanay Incense trade Maritime Silk Road Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Periplus of the Euxine Sea Maya Greece Greco–Indian shipping Rome
Phoenicia
Province in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia
Chronicles. Periplus, Singapore, ISBN 0-7946-0272-X, p. 32 Vickers, Adrian (1995), From Oey, Eric, ed. (1995). Bali. Singapore: Periplus Editions. pp
Bali
Major sector of the Roman economy
items of trade around the Indian Ocean can be found in the Greek work Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (see article on Indo-Roman trade).[citation needed]
Roman_commerce
Period of British prehistory, from c. 800 BC until the Roman occupation
"Albion", which is known to have been used as early as the Massaliote Periplus. The Iron Age appellation refers to the development of the technology of
British_Iron_Age
Legendary people
were indigenous to northern Libya. Later authors such as Scylax in his periplus also place them south of the pillars of Hercules, and Scylax also reported
Macrobians
German philologist
he published a Latin edition on the surviving Greek fragments of the Periplus of the Outer Sea (i.e., the World Ocean) and epitomes composed by Marcian
Heinrich_Theodor_Dittrich
City in Egypt
Yoyotte, F. Goddio, et al., Alexandria, the submerged royal quarters, Periplus Publishing Ltd., London 1998, ISBN 1-902699-00-9 A. J. Butler, The Arab
Alexandria
travel, tourism, insurance
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