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Family of antioxidant enzymes
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs, EC 1.11.1.15; HGNC root symbol PRDX) are a ubiquitous family of antioxidant enzymes that also control cytokine-induced peroxide levels
Peroxiredoxin
Protein found in humans
Peroxiredoxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX2 gene. PRDX2 encodes a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes, which
Peroxiredoxin_2
Protein found in humans
Peroxiredoxin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes
Peroxiredoxin_1
sulfiredoxin (EC 1.8.98.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction peroxiredoxin-(S-hydroxy-S-oxocysteine) + ATP + 2 R-SH ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons
Sulfiredoxin
Compound that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules
into three classes: typical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxins; atypical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxins; and 1-cysteine peroxiredoxins. These enzymes share the same
Antioxidant
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Peroxiredoxin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX4 gene. It is a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes. The protein
PRDX4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Peroxiredoxin-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX6 gene. It is a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes. Peroxiredoxin
PRDX6
Human protein and coding gene
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) support the reduction and recovery of peroxiredoxins, proteins important in the detoxification of highly reactive peroxides
NFE2L2
Enzyme that metabolizes compounds containing epoxides
Umebayashi Y, Otsuka F, Kikuchi K, Ushijima T (June 2006). "Silencing of Peroxiredoxin 2 and aberrant methylation of 33 CpG islands in putative promoter regions
Epoxide_hydrolase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
gene. PRXL2A is also known as redox-regulatory protein FAM213A and peroxiredoxin-like 2 activated in M-CSF stimulated monocytes (PAMM). GRCh38: Ensembl release
Peroxiredoxin-like_2A
British professor of pharmacology
evolutionary epochs, spanning from bacteria to humans. To show this, they used peroxiredoxin proteins, a novel molecular perspective into circadian dynamics. Michael
Akhilesh_Reddy
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
that in humans is encoded by the PRDX3 gene. It is a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes. This gene encodes a protein with antioxidant
PRDX3
Chemical compound
parasite Plasmodium falciparum by inhibition of the human host enzyme peroxiredoxin 6. The authors present data that the original target of Darapladib,
Darapladib
Protein-coding gene in humans
CCDC80 gene. Bioinformatics analysis suggests the CCDC80 protein is a peroxiredoxin. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000091986 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38:
CCDC80
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Umebayashi Y, Otsuka F, Kikuchi K, Ushijima T (June 2006). "Silencing of Peroxiredoxin 2 and aberrant methylation of 33 CpG islands in putative promoter regions
Epoxide_hydrolase_3
Tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens
include catalase, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione-S-transferases, peroxiredoxins, superoxide dismutases, thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxins. Deficiencies
Epididymis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Peroxiredoxin-5 (PRDX5), mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX5 gene, located on chromosome 11. This gene encodes a member
PRDX5
Suborder of fishes
toxins that have been confirmed to be within the venom are cystatins, peroxiredoxin and galectin. Galectin induces cell death in its victims and cystatins
Stingray
Ubiquitous antioxidant compound in living organisms
include the glutathione peroxidase family, the glutaredoxin family, the peroxiredoxin family, and others. Aside from deactivating radicals and reactive oxidants
Glutathione
Chemical compound
roseofulvus. Frenolicin B is a selective inhibitor of glutaredoxin 3 and peroxiredoxin 1. "Frenolicin B". Pubchem.ncbi.NLM.nih.gov. Bycroft, Barrie W.; Payne
Frenolicin_B
Chemical compound
attenuates lung inflammation and fibrosis in silicosis by targeting peroxiredoxin 6". Redox Biology. 75 103237. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2024.103237. PMC 11228880
Copper_peptide_GHK-Cu
Chemical compound
reductase. Antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidases and peroxiredoxins, generate glutathione disulfide during the reduction of peroxides such
Glutathione_disulfide
(S)-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid epoxidase EC 1.11.1.24: thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin EC 1.11.1.25: glutaredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin EC 1
List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_1)
Organosulfur compound of the form R–SOH
~88 kcal/mol for the (valence) isoelectronic hydroperoxides, ROOH. Peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous and abundant enzymes that detoxify peroxides. They function
Sulfenic_acid
Enzyme family
selenocysteine-dependent membrane proteins with a catalytic domain resembling peroxiredoxins (Prx). Three related isoforms, deiodinase type I, II, and III, contribute
Deiodinase
British biologist
Y; Woo, H. A; Rhee, S. G (2014). "Circadian rhythm of hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin II is determined by hemoglobin autoxidation and the 20S proteasome in
John_S._O'Neill
Set of several similar genes
system to distinguish the individual members. For example, for the peroxiredoxin family, PRDX is the root symbol, and the family members are PRDX1, PRDX2
Gene_family
Study of biochemical reaction rates catalysed by an enzyme
2003). "2-Cys peroxiredoxin PfTrx-Px1 is involved in the antioxidant defence of Plasmodium falciparum". Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 130 (2): 75–81
Enzyme_kinetics
Peroxide-decomposing enzyme
Di-haem cytochrome c peroxidase Non-heme Thiol: glutathione peroxidase, peroxiredoxin vanadium bromoperoxidase Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase Manganese peroxidase
Peroxidase
Species of bacterium
Radolf JD, Poole LB (19 March 2010). "Broad specificity AhpC-like peroxiredoxin and its thioredoxin reductant in the sparse antioxidant defense system
Treponema_pallidum
American computational biologist (born 1960)
create the Peroxiredoxin Classification Index. This technology has been used to cluster other superfamilies, including the enolases, peroxiredoxins, cytochrome
Jacquelyn_S._Fetrow
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
susceptibility to several neurodegenerative diseases, interacts with peroxiredoxin 6". J Biol Chem. 280 (47): 39268–72. doi:10.1074/jbc.M506116200. PMID 16186110
STH_(gene)
Proteinogenic amino acid
Sulfenylation is common in redox signalling. It is a reversible with peroxiredoxins. RSOH + H2O2 → RSO2H + H2O Sulfinylation is further oxidation, also
Cysteine
Natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle
Green EW, Zhao Y, van Ooijen G, Olmedo M, Qin X, et al. (May 2012). "Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms". Nature. 485 (7399): 459–464
Circadian_rhythm
Highly reactive molecules formed from diatomic oxygen (O2)
glutathione. Peroxiredoxins also degrade H2O2, within the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus. 2 H 2 O 2 → catalase 2 H 2 O + O 2 2 GSH + H 2 O 2 → glutathione
Reactive_oxygen_species
Coenzyme, notable for its synthesis and oxidation role
A, modulates the activity of peroxiredoxin 5 via covalent modification". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 461 (1–2): 91–102. doi:10.1007/s11010-019-03593-w
Coenzyme_A
Human chromosome
PRMT6: Protein arginine methyltransferase 6 PRXL2B: encoding protein Peroxiredoxin like 2B PSRC1: Proline/serine-rich coiled-coil protein 1 RAD54L: RAD54-like
Chromosome_1
Biological mechanism that controls circadian rhythm
blood cells. More importantly, redox oscillations as demonstrated by peroxiredoxin rhythms have now been seen in multiple distant kingdoms of life (eukaryotes
Circadian_clock
Free radical toxicity
studied (but probably just as important) enzymatic antioxidants are the peroxiredoxins and the recently discovered sulfiredoxin. Other enzymes that have antioxidant
Oxidative_stress
Chemical compound
antioxidant enzymes in the Thioredoxin/Peroxiredoxin system. It was found that KH176m enhances peroxiredoxin antioxidant activity, which in turn reduces
Sonlicromanol
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 2026-07-27. "Entrez Gene: Peroxiredoxin like 2B". Retrieved 2018-10-19. Thomas J, Fairclough A, Kavanagh J,
PRXL2B
proteobacterium Marichromatium gracile is a chimeric protein. It contains a peroxiredoxin-like N-terminus and a glutaredoxin-like C terminus. Vergauwen B, Pauwels
Glutathione amide-dependent peroxidase
Glutathione_amide-dependent_peroxidase
gi76779293 Keratin 8 TRAMP DLP DOWN MSeA iTRAQ LC-MS/MS Zhang 2010 gi6671549 Peroxiredoxin 6 TRAMP DLP DOWN MSeA iTRAQ LC-MS/MS Zhang 2010 gi6680836 Calreticulin
Selenium_responsive_proteins
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
the SRPX gene. Bioinformatics analysis suggests the SRPX protein is a peroxiredoxin. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101955 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38:
SRPX
Scientific naming of genes
symbol" as the root for the various gene symbols. For example, for the peroxiredoxin family, PRDX is the root symbol, and the family members are PRDX1, PRDX2
Gene_nomenclature
Class of enzymes
catalytic domains of Deiodinases 1-3 feature a thioredoxine-related peroxiredoxin fold. The enzymes catalyze a reductive elimination of iodine, thereby
Iodothyronine_deiodinase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Budanov AV, Sablina AA, Feinstein E, et al. (2004). "Regeneration of peroxiredoxins by p53-regulated sestrins, homologs of bacterial AhpD". Science. 304
SESN2
Metabolism of xenobiotics
Antioxidant defence systems, including superoxide dismutases, catalase, peroxiredoxins and glutathione peroxidases, convert reactive oxygen species such as
Xenobiotic_metabolism
Set of proteins that can be expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism
stress-70 protein, mitochondrial (GRP75), apolipoprotein A-1 (APOA1), peroxiredoxin (PRDX2) and annexin A (ANXA)". Comparative proteomic analyses of 11
Proteome
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Reduction of cysteine sulfinic acid by sulfiredoxin is specific to 2-cys peroxiredoxins". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (5): 3125–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.C400496200. PMID 15590625
SRXN1
Family of heat shock proteins
equatorial. The original chaperonin is proposed to have evolved from a peroxiredoxin. Group I chaperonins (Cpn60) are found in bacteria as well as organelles
Chaperonin
Class of enzymes
(vitamin K epoxide reductase), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx7/8), and PrxIV (peroxiredoxin IV). Ero1 is thought to be the main reoxidizing protein of PDI, and
Protein_disulfide-isomerase
Class of reduction–oxidation proteins
redox regulation. RuBisCO - enzyme activity regulated by thioredoxin Peroxiredoxin - enzyme activity regulated by thioredoxin Thioredoxin fold Thioredoxin
Thioredoxin
Cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates of proteins and RNA occurring in cells under stress
condensates in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNA that assemble into 0.1–2 μm membraneless organelles when the cell is under stress. The mRNA molecules
Stress_granule
rhythms. In addition to the Kai system in cyanobacteria, oxidation of peroxiredoxin proteins has been shown to occur independently of transcription and
Transcription translation feedback loop
Transcription_translation_feedback_loop
Gene involved in glutamatergic synapse formation
childhood. Bioinformatics analysis suggests the SRPX2 protein is a peroxiredoxin. SRPX2 is distributed on synapses throughout the cerebral cortex and
SRPX2
Chemical compound
2023). "Celastrol suppresses colorectal cancer via covalent targeting peroxiredoxin 1". Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. 8 (1) 51. doi:10.1038/s41392-022-01231-4
Celastrol
Chemical compound
oxidatively modified peroxiredoxins in the blood of Alzheimer's disease patients and their potential as biomarkers". Neurobiology of Aging. 30 (2): 174–85. doi:10
13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid
13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid
Protein family
Moreover, GRX act in antioxidant defense by reducing dehydroascorbate, peroxiredoxins, and methionine sulfoxide reductase. Beside their function in antioxidant
Glutaredoxin
Histopathologist
by Prof. Jim Aiton working on the chaperone Peroxiredoxin II, entitled “Over-expression of peroxiredoxin II protects cultured SK-N-SH cells from amyloid-beta
Jenna_Gregory
Species of bacterium
hydroperoxide reductase, rubrerythrin, Glutathione peroxidases, seleno-peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase, and sulfoxide reductases A and B
Acetoanaerobium_sticklandii
responsive to oxidative stress signals. Animals lacking in the protein Peroxiredoxin PRDX-2 is seen to reduce light-induced responses as it mediates redox
LITE-1
Pharmaceutical compound
aging-related sarcopenia by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction via targeting peroxiredoxin 5". MedComm. 5 (6) e566. doi:10.1002/mco2.566. PMC 11167181. PMID 38868327
Myricanol
Protein family
glycine within a di-glycine motif. Urm1 is known to be conjugated to the peroxiredoxin Ahp1, ATPBD3, and CTU2 and human MOCS3, through a mechanism involving
URM1
Model of protein allosteric regulation
Diego S.; Pagano, Eduardo; Wolosiuk, Ricardo A. (2009). "Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins - modulation by covalent transformations and noncovalent interactions"
Morpheein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
immune mechanisms. Eosinophil Major basic protein Secretory pathway Peroxiredoxin Catalase Reactive oxygen species Antimicrobial peptides The sodium salt
Eosinophil_peroxidase
Protein-coding gene found in humans
(April 2004). "Genetics of Parkinson disease". NeuroRx. 1 (2): 235–242. doi:10.1602/neurorx.1.2.235. PMC 534935. PMID 15717024. Heutink P (2006). "PINK-1
DJ-1
Polymer-based, crosslinked hydrogel particle
the presence of reducing agents such as glutathione, thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, these nanogels respond by releasing their cargo. Given that these reducing
Nanogel
Enzyme found in humans
Yu L (2005). "RPK118, a PX domain-containing protein, interacts with peroxiredoxin-3 through pseudo-kinase domains". Mol. Cells. 19 (1): 39–45. doi:10
RPS6KC1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PMID 17634480. Zhang H, Go YM, Jones DP (Sep 2007). "Mitochondrial thioredoxin-2/peroxiredoxin-3 system functions in parallel with mitochondrial GSH system in protection
TXN2
Gene which maintains basic cellular functions
NME2 (formerly NM23B) Nucleoside diphosphate kinase NONO P4HB PRDX1 peroxiredoxin (reduces peroxides) PTMA Prothymosin RPA2 Binds DNA during replication
Housekeeping_gene
Type of green fluorescent protein
et al. (June 2016). "Real-time monitoring of basal H2O2 levels with peroxiredoxin-based probes". Nature Chemical Biology. 12 (6): 437–43. doi:10.1038/nchembio
RoGFP
American neurologist and neuroscientist
et al. (2007). "DJ-1 gene deletion reveals that DJ-1 is an atypical peroxiredoxin-like peroxidase". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104 (37): 14807–12. Bibcode:2007PNAS
Ted_M._Dawson
New Zealand neurobiologist
Jarvis; Stephanie M Hughes; Elizabeth C Ledgerwood (8 August 2012). "Peroxiredoxin 1 functions as a signal peroxidase to receive, transduce, and transmit
Stephanie_Hughes
Biological theorem
four flavonoid controlling genes, in addition to peroxidases and thio/peroxiredoxins, "have been associated with differential dormancy along an aridity gradient
Bet_hedging_(biology)
German chronobiologist and biochemist
"Oxidation-reduction cycles of peroxiredoxin proteins and nontranscriptional aspects of timekeeping". Biochemistry. 54 (2): 184–193. doi:10.1021/bi5008386
Achim_Kramer
Pathologic overview
S2CID 12699795. Holley JE, Newcombe J, Winyard PG, Gutowski NJ (2007). "Peroxiredoxin V in multiple sclerosis lesions: predominant expression by astrocytes"
Pathology of multiple sclerosis
Pathology_of_multiple_sclerosis
American neuroscientist
September 2007). "DJ-1 gene deletion reveals that DJ-1 is an atypical peroxiredoxin-like peroxidase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
Valina_L._Dawson
PEROXIREDOXIN 2
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