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Composite of the organism's observable characteristics or traits
In genetics, the phenotype (from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō) 'to appear, show' and τύπος (túpos) 'mark, type') is the set of observable characteristics
Phenotype
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up phenotype in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A phenotype is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. Phenotype may also
Phenotype_(disambiguation)
Phenotype modification is the process of experimentally altering an organism's phenotype to investigate the impact of phenotype on the fitness. Phenotype
Phenotype_modification
Theory of prenatal development
Thrifty phenotype refers to the correlation between low birth weight of neonates and the increased risk of developing metabolic syndromes later in life
Thrifty_phenotype
1982 book by Richard Dawkins
The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name
The_Extended_Phenotype
Distinction made in genetics
The genotype–phenotype distinction is drawn in genetics. The "genotype" is an organism's full hereditary information. The "phenotype" is an organism's
Genotype–phenotype distinction
Genotype–phenotype_distinction
Presentation of a disease
In a nosological sense, the term phenotype can be used in clinical medicine for speaking about the presentation of a disease. The complementary concept
Phenotype_(clinical_medicine)
Rare blood type
hh, or the Bombay blood group, is a rare blood type. This blood phenotype was first discovered in Bombay by Y. M. Bhende in 1952. It is mostly found in
Hh_blood_group
DNA profiling technique
DNA phenotyping is the process of predicting an organism's phenotype using only genetic information collected from genotyping or DNA sequencing. This term
DNA_phenotyping
The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a formal ontology of human phenotypes. Developed as part of the Monarch Initiative in collaboration with members
Human_Phenotype_Ontology
Online catalog of human genes, with a particular focus on the gene-phenotype relationship
the gene-phenotype relationship. As of 28 June 2019[update], approximately 9,000 of the over 25,000 entries in OMIM represented phenotypes; the rest
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man
Look, outward phenotype
appearance is the outward phenotype or look of human beings. There are functionally infinite variations in human phenotypes, though society reduces the
Human_physical_appearance
Informal classification for people with autistic traits
The broader autism phenotype (BAP) is an informal classification that covers people who have some traits similar to autism, but who do not meet the diagnostic
Broader_autism_phenotype
Variant of DNA sequence at a locus
will mask the effect of the recessive allele, giving a dominant phenotype. The phenotype of recessive alleles are observable when an organism is homozygous
Allele
Chromosomal deletion syndrome
distinct craniofacial phenotype and intellectual disability. The most common characteristics include a distinct craniofacial phenotype (microcephaly, micrognathia
Wolf–Hirschhorn_syndrome
Medical classification of asthma
Asthma phenotyping and endotyping is a novel approach to asthma classification inspired by precision medicine. It seeks to separate the clinical presentations
Asthma phenotyping and endotyping
Asthma_phenotyping_and_endotyping
Genetic neurological disease
heterogeneous disorder, showing several distinct phenotypes, and no clear pattern of genotype–phenotype correlation. As an X-linked disorder, ALD presents
Adrenoleukodystrophy
One gene variant masking the effect of another in the other copy of the gene
(A) phenotype, and the last showing the (a) phenotype, thereby producing the 3:1 phenotype ratio. Mendel did not use the terms gene, allele, phenotype, genotype
Dominance_(genetics)
Phenotype of senescent cells which secrete certain substances
Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a phenotype associated with senescent cells wherein those cells secrete high levels of inflammatory
Senescence-associated secretory phenotype
Senescence-associated_secretory_phenotype
Part of the genetic makeup of a cell which determines one of its characteristics
contributes to phenotype, the observable traits and characteristics in an individual or organism. The degree to which genotype affects phenotype depends on
Genotype
Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a group of blood cancers (leukemia) which have combined features of myeloid and lymphoid cancers. It is a rare
Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia
Mixed-phenotype_acute_leukemia
Influence of mother's environment and genotype on offspring's phenotype
A maternal effect is a situation where the phenotype of an organism is determined not only by the environment it experiences and its genotype, but also
Maternal_effect
2016 studio album by Textures
Phenotype is the fifth studio album by Dutch progressive metalcore band Textures. It was released on February 5, 2016, by Nuclear Blast. The album was
Phenotype_(album)
Multidisciplinary field of science
Digital phenotyping is a multidisciplinary field of science, first defined in a May 2016 paper in JMIR Mental Health authored by John Torous, Mathew V
Digital_phenotyping
Technology for phenotyping of cells
The phenotype microarray approach is a technology for high-throughput phenotyping of cells. A phenotype microarray system enables one to monitor simultaneously
Phenotype_microarray
Medical condition
late-onset dementia, and behavioral changes.[citation needed] The McLeod phenotype is a recessive mutation of the Kell blood group system. The McLeod gene
McLeod_syndrome
Conceptual model in genetic architecture
The genotype–phenotype map is a conceptual model in genetic architecture. Coined in a 1991 paper by Pere Alberch, it models the interdependency of genotype
Genotype–phenotype_map
Type of biological inheritance
trait in the phenotype (genetic carriers), 25% are homozygous with the recessive trait and therefore express the recessive trait in the phenotype. The genotypic
Mendelian_inheritance
Classification of blood types
and individuals with IBIB or IBi have type B. IAIB people have both phenotypes, because A and B express a special dominance relationship: codominance
ABO_blood_group_system
Method of crossing arms
their arms is a dynamic morphological demonstration of two alternative phenotypes. Once adopted, manner of arms folding across the chest does not change
Arm_folding
Type of genetic selection favoring one extreme phenotype
better fitness than individuals with intermediate or opposite extreme phenotypes. Over time, the allele frequencies, and consequently the population mean
Directional_selection
Direct extension and penetration by cancer cells into neighboring tissues
resilient against opposing microenvironmental factors, acquire an aggressive phenotype and the capacity to metastasize. Invasive tumor growth is enabled by the
Invasion_(cancer)
Country in North America
and racism in Mexico have remained in the contemporary era. Although phenotype is not as important as culture, European features and lighter skin tone
Mexico
In igneous petrology, a phenotype is an aphanitic igneous rock which is identified and classified according to the mineralogy of its phenocrysts, when
Phenotype_(igneous_petrology)
Measure of the ability of a population to produce the same phenotype
Canalisation is a measure of the ability of a population to produce the same phenotype regardless of variability of its environment or genotype. It is a form
Canalisation_(genetics)
Human blood group system involving 49 blood antigens
gene is usually deleted or otherwise nonfunctional).[citation needed] Rh phenotypes are readily identified through the presence or absence of the Rh surface
Rh_blood_group_system
Subgroup of tumors
The positive replication error phenotype (RER+) defines a subgroup of tumors that have been documented well in Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
Replication_error_phenotype
Trait change of an organism in response to environmental variation
learning. The special case when differences in environment induce discrete phenotypes is termed polyphenism. Generally, phenotypic plasticity is more important
Phenotypic_plasticity
Classification based on antibodies and antigens on RBC surfaces
serologic tests reporting a direct blood type phenotype, genotyping allows the prediction of a phenotype based on the knowledge of the molecular basis
Blood_type
Molecular phenotyping describes the technique of quantifying pathway reporter genes, i.e. pre-selected genes that are modulated specifically by metabolic
Molecular_phenotyping
Phenotypically-different organism resulting from a mutation
Wild-type Physcomitrella and knockout mosses: Deviating phenotypes induced in gene-disruption library transformants. Physcomitrella wild-type and transformed
Mutant
Human blood group classification
the first described antibodies to K2. The K0 phenotype was first described in 1957 and the McLeod phenotype was found in Hugh McLeod, a Harvard dental student
Kell_antigen_system
Domesticated species of canid
influenced by those genes which act in the neural crest, which led to the phenotypes observed in modern dogs. There are around 450 official dog breeds, the
Dog
Species of fungus
fungicide resistance phenotype known as MDR1. An even higher overexpression yields mrr1 composed partly of Δ497V/L, yielding MDR1h phenotypes with even more
Botrytis_cinerea
Congenital condition where an individual with a 46,XX karyotype is male
condition in which an individual with a 46,XX karyotype develops a male phenotype. In 90 percent of these individuals, the syndrome is caused by the father's
XX_male_syndrome
Degree to which a phenotype is expressed
In genetics, expressivity is the degree to which a phenotype is expressed by individuals having a particular genotype. Alternatively, it may refer to
Expressivity_(genetics)
1976 book by Richard Dawkins
from selection that occurs "at the level of the gene mediated by the phenotype" and that any selection at the group level occurred only under rare circumstances
The_Selfish_Gene
Ability to digest milk after infancy
[clarification needed] The distribution of the lactase persistence (LP) phenotype, or the ability to digest lactose into adulthood, is not homogeneous in
Lactase_persistence
Endocrinological condition
classical phenotype of this condition is often seen in starvation, critical illness, or patients in the intensive care unit. Similar endocrine phenotypes are
Euthyroid_sick_syndrome
Congenital condition characterised by fusion of two or more vertebrae in the neck
Klippel–Feil syndrome (KFS), also known as cervical vertebral fusion syndrome, is a rare congenital condition characterized by the abnormal fusion of any
Klippel–Feil_syndrome
Process in genetics
formation of extreme phenotypes, or transgressive phenotypes, observed in segregated hybrid populations compared to phenotypes observed in the parental
Transgressive_segregation
Ethnic group
height is unusually short. The term pygmyism is used to describe the phenotype of endemic short stature (as opposed to disproportionate dwarfism occurring
Pygmy_peoples
2001 studio album by Noah23
Neophyte Phenotype is a 2001 album by Canadian-American alternative hip hop artist Noah23. It features dense wordplay over drum and bass-influenced beats
Neophyte_Phenotype
International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is an international scientific endeavour to create and characterize the phenotype of 20,000 knockout
International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium
International_Mouse_Phenotyping_Consortium
Variation in phenotype caused by environmental conditions
In phenomics, a phenocopy is a variation in phenotype (generally referring to a single trait) which is caused by environmental conditions (often, but
Phenocopy
Danish botanist and geneticist
physiologist, and geneticist. He is best known for coining the terms gene, phenotype and genotype, and for his 1903 "pure line" experiments in genetics. Johannsen
Wilhelm_Johannsen
Topics referred to by the same term
form of verb in some languages Transgressive phenotype, a phenotype that is more extreme than the phenotypes displayed by either of the parents Transgressive
Transgressive
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
offspring; variation, which partly resulted from an organism's own agency (see phenotype; Baldwin effect); and the struggle for existence, which included both
Natural_selection
Effect of learned behavior on evolution
is not sufficiently emphasized that the degree of modification of the phenotype is in itself genetically controlled; it is assumed that phenotypic rigidity
Baldwin_effect
T cell which has not yet encountered its cognate antigen
increasing evidence that naive T cells are actually heterogeneous in phenotype, function, dynamics and differentiation status, resulting in a whole spectrum
Naive_T_cell
Concept in genetics
heterozygous individuals will result in predictable ratios for both genotype and phenotype in the offspring. The expected phenotypic ratio of crossing heterozygous
Dihybrid_cross
Persistence of a biological trait under uncertain conditions
called mutation tolerance) describes the extent to which an organism's phenotype remains constant in spite of mutation. Robustness can be empirically measured
Robustness_(evolution)
Neurodevelopmental disorder
cyclase. The DRD4–7R mutation results in a wide range of behavioural phenotypes, including ADHD symptoms reflecting split attention. The DRD4 gene is
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
Expected reproductive success
to a genotype or to a phenotype in a given environment or time. The fitness of a genotype is manifested through its phenotype, which is also affected
Fitness_(biology)
Species of hominid in the genus Homo
long time inhabited specific climates tend to have developed specific phenotypes that are beneficial for those environments – short stature and stocky
Human
Protein-coding gene in mammals
identified as a genetic mechanism responsible for the sweet tooth behavioral phenotype, a trait associated with cravings for sweets and high sugar consumption
Fibroblast_growth_factor_21
Phenotype mixing is a form of interaction between two viruses each of which holds its own unique genetic material. The two particles "share" coat proteins
Phenotype_mixing
Monogenetic inherited metabolic disease
disorder. Citrin deficiency is a complex disorder with several age-dependent phenotypes. A hallmark symptom of citrin deficiency is a strong dietary preference
Citrin_deficiency
Study of the role of the genome in drug response
limited to monogenic phenotypes (i.e., single gene-drug interactions). Pharmacogenomics refers to polygenic drug response phenotypes and encompasses transcriptomics
Pharmacogenomics
Influence of a single gene on multiple phenotypic traits
effects during development. Selectional pleiotropy occurs when a single phenotype influences evolutionary fitness in multiple ways (depending on factors
Pleiotropy
Disorder causing lack of pigmentation
amphibians have focused on mutations in the tyrosinase gene. The albino phenotype of the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) has been attributed
Albinism
Cross between two organisms with different variations at one genetic locus of interest
will have the dominant allele's phenotype. And the remaining quarter of the F2s will have the recessive allele's phenotype. This predicted 3:1 phenotypic
Monohybrid_cross
Medical condition
2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) "MASS PHENOTYPE". Marfan Foundation. Retrieved 19 February 2018. Jacobs AM, Toudjarska
MASS_syndrome
Type of neurofibromatosis disease
dominant mode of transmission. There are two forms of the NF2: The Wishart-phenotype form is characterized by multiple cerebral and spinal lesions in people
Neurofibromatosis_type_II
Systematic study of phenotypes
Phenomics studies phenotypes using phenotyping methods to characterize an organism with a set of traits which changes over time, due to development and
Phenomics
Mixed-breed dog with socio-environmental typology
is attributed to alleles that are notably pleiotropic to behavioural phenotypes. Upon domestication, certain traits were targeted by humans for being
Caramelo_(dog)
Artificial selection
primarily domestic animals, in an attempt to achieve an animal breed with a phenotype that resembles a wild type ancestor, usually one that has gone extinct
Breeding_back
Study of genetic variants in different individuals
be people with different phenotypes for a particular trait, for example blood pressure. This approach is known as phenotype-first, in which the participants
Genome-wide_association_study
Family of grasshoppers
display striking sexual dimorphism, and several species exhibit a dual male phenotype. They are nocturnal, specialized herbivores which (with few exceptions)
Pneumoridae
Medical condition
atypical CLL/SLL, or non-CLL/SLL phenotype based on these cells' expression of certain marker proteins. A fourth MBL phenotype, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis-marginal
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis
Monoclonal_B-cell_lymphocytosis
Lung disease involving long-term poor airflow
has been suggested that these early phenotypes may reflect unique underlying mechanisms: an "emphysematous phenotype" that involves destruction of air sacs
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease
Aspect of population genetics
lines.[citation needed] According to Mendelian genetics, the expected phenotypes would occur in a 9:3:3:1 ratio of PL:Pl:pL:pl. To their surprise, they
Genetic_linkage
Study of the inheritance of continuously variable traits
of quantitative traits, which are phenotypes that vary continuously—such as height or mass—as opposed to phenotypes and gene-products that are discretely
Quantitative_genetics
Data structure and types for evolutionary computation
genotype-phenotype mapping: All possible admissible solutions must be contained in the search space. When more possible genotypes exist than phenotypes, the
Genetic_representation
Medical condition
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by immunodeficiency resulting in recurrent infections. LAD is
Leukocyte_adhesion_deficiency
Human disease caused by deficiency of a muscle enzyme
British physician Brian McArdle of Guy's Hospital, London. In the classic phenotype, the onset of this disease is usually noticed in childhood, but often
Glycogen storage disease type V
Glycogen_storage_disease_type_V
Dependence of a gene mutation's phenotype on mutations in other genes
each mutation by itself produces a unique phenotype but the two mutations together show the same phenotype as the gene A mutation, then gene A is epistatic
Epistasis
Ethnoreligious group
2010). "Ashkezani Jews". Molecular Photofitting: Predicting Ancestry and Phenotype Using DNA. Elsevier. p. 383. ISBN 978-0-08-055137-1. Behar, Doron M.;
Jews
Type of organism
to the genes of parasites infecting it. This behaviour is an extended phenotype. Three main evolutionary routes have been suggested for the appearance
Obligate_parasite
Phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature
The wild type (WT) is the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature. Originally, the wild type was conceptualized as a product
Wild_type
Concept in genetics
combination with a variant allele is insufficient to produce the wild-type phenotype. Haploinsufficiency may arise from a de novo or inherited loss-of-function
Haploinsufficiency
Medical condition
shows a clear genotype-phenotype correlation. Patients that have a loss of function variant (e.g. deletions) show a mild phenotype, while patients that
Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome
Bosch–Boonstra–Schaaf_optic_atrophy_syndrome
Partial loss of pigmentation in an animal
"depigmentation") can also result from injury. Leucism is often used to describe the phenotype that results from defects in pigment cell differentiation and/or migration
Leucism
et al. (November 2016). "The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants". Journal of Biomedical
List of OBO Foundry ontologies
List_of_OBO_Foundry_ontologies
Animal breeding concept
directional selection. Genotype-environment interaction occurs when the phenotype produced by a particular set of alleles (at one or more loci) confers
Selection_limits
Genes on human chromosome 6
clinical situation is often used for identifying HLA phenotypes. An example of an extended phenotype for a person might be: A*01:01/*03:01, C*07:01/*07:02
Human_leukocyte_antigen
Race or color
citizens who are considered or self-identify as "white" due to their phenotype, often because of European or Levantine ancestry. The main ancestry of
White_Brazilians
British evolutionary biologist and author (born 1941)
niche construction to be a special case of extended phenotype. The concept of extended phenotype helps explain evolution, but it does not help predict
Richard_Dawkins
Tabular summary of genetic combinations
the Punnett square. Phenotypes may be predicted with at least better-than-chance accuracy using a Punnett square, but the phenotype that may appear in
Punnett_square
Differences in autism diagnosis frequencies with respect to gender
conceptualisations" of autism. The female autism phenotype differs from the typical male autism phenotype in social relationships, relational interests,
Sex and gender differences in autism
Sex_and_gender_differences_in_autism
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
Boy/Male
Swedish American Norse Scandinavian
Dearly loved.
Female
Arthurian
, morning-star.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Indian
Calm; Patience
Boy/Male
Indian
Honorable
Male
Russian
(Гавриил) Russian form of Greek Gabriēl, GAVRIIL means "man of God" or "warrior of God."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Ruler, Style....in every thing
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Vagabond; Wanderer
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Soft; Secret
Biblical
house of the vineyard
Boy/Male
Welsh
Legendary son of Nwyvre.
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE