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Part of a reciprocating engine
A piston ring is a metallic split ring that is attached to the outside of a piston in an internal combustion engine or steam engine. The main functions
Piston_ring
Machine component used to compress or contain expanding fluids in a cylinder
gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting
Piston
which uses no tools. Piston-ring compressors are strap wrenches that evenly squeeze (compress) the piston rings around a piston long enough to slide it
Strap_wrench
Combustion engine block tube in which a piston operates
A piston is seated inside each cylinder by several metal piston rings, which also provide seals for compression and the lubricating oil. The piston rings
Cylinder_(engine)
Volume swept by all of the pistons
displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine, excluding the combustion chambers. It is commonly used as
Engine_displacement
Part of aero engines
An obturator ring was a type of piston ring used in the early rotary engines of some World War I fighter aircraft for improved sealing in the presence
Obturator_ring
Phase of an engine piston's travel
exhaust stroke), during which the piston travels from top to bottom or vice versa. The type of power cycle used by a piston engine (e.g. two-stroke engine
Stroke_(engine)
American manufacturing company
of piston rings of leading engine builders. In 1925, Piston Ring bought the No-Leak-O Piston Ring Company, allowing the company to increase production
SPX_Technologies
Heat engine using reciprocating pistons
by one or more piston rings. These are rings made of a hard metal, and are sprung into a circular groove in the piston head. The rings fit closely in
Reciprocating_engine
Pin that holds connecting rod to piston head
wrist pin or piston pin) connects the piston to the connecting rod, and provides a bearing for the connecting rod to pivot upon as the piston moves. In very
Gudgeon_pin
Exhaust-powered forced-induction device for engines
beginning with a Saurer truck in 1938 Bus and coach diesel engines Aircraft piston engines Marine engines Locomotive and diesel multiple unit engines for trains
Turbocharger
Piston engine component which connects the piston to the crankshaft
travel of the pistons and piston rings. A connecting rod can rotate at both ends, so that the angle between the connecting rod and the piston can change
Connecting_rod
Mechanical, toroid gasket that seals an interface
hydraulic cylinder pistons. Static applications of O-rings may include fluid or gas sealing applications in which: (1) the O-ring is compressed resulting
O-ring
Type of valve
otherwise betray the boat's submerged position. Poppet valves are used in most piston engines to control the flow of intake and exhaust gasses through the cylinder
Poppet_valve
Part of an engine's ignition system
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Ignition_magneto
Devices in automobiles to charge the battery and power the electrical system
replace (under one hour) Can provide useful charge at idle speed Use slip rings, having greatly extended brush life over a commutator (or completely brushless
Alternator_(automotive)
Type of internal combustion engine
atmospheric pressure acting against a partial vacuum that occurs as the piston travels downwards toward bottom dead centre during the intake stroke. Owing
Naturally_aspirated_engine
may wash the lubricating oil from the cylinder walls, travel past the piston rings and collect in the oil pan, thus increasing wear and also diluting the
Crankcase_dilution
Internal combustion engine type
at about 62% of the bore diameter for reasonable piston ring life. Beyond this, the piston rings bulge into the exhaust port and wear quickly. A maximum
Two-stroke_engine
Instrument measuring the rotation speed of a shaft or disk
Cylinder head Gudgeon pin Hydraulic tappet Main bearing Obturator ring Oil pump Piston Piston ring Poppet valve Pushrod Rocker arm Sleeve valve Tappet Electrical
Tachometer
Internal combustion engine part that circulates engine oil under pressure
through the engine's oil passages and being dispersed to lubricate pistons, rings, springs, valve stems, and more. The oil pressure generated in most
Oil pump (internal combustion engine)
Oil_pump_(internal_combustion_engine)
Type of piston engine valvetrain design
valve engine, abbreviated (OHV) and sometimes called a pushrod engine, is a piston engine whose valves are located in the cylinder head above the combustion
Overhead_valve_engine
System to relieve pressure in a combustion engine's crankcase
blow-by, are gases from the combustion chamber which have leaked past the piston rings. Early engines released these gases to the atmosphere simply by leaking
Crankcase_ventilation_system
Crankshaft housing in reciprocating combustion engines
piston rings are intended to seal the combustion chamber from the crankcase, it is normal for some combustion gases to escape around the piston rings
Crankcase
Engine designed for use in powered aircraft
components are referred to as powered flight. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in
Aircraft_engine
American developer, manufacturer and supplier of industrial products
draco added two-stroke and four-stroke piston ring products to Federal-Mogul's portfolio of industrial piston rings. In March 2012, Federal-Mogul's board
Federal-Mogul
Timing of the release of a spark in a combustion engine
combustion engine, ignition timing is the timing, relative to the current piston position and crankshaft angle, of the release of a spark in the combustion
Ignition_timing
Timing of valve closing in engines
In a piston engine, the valve timing is the precise timing of the opening and closing of the valves. In an internal combustion engine those are usually
Valve_timing
Valve mechanism for piston engines
The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the usual poppet valve. Sleeve valve engines saw use in a number of pre–World
Sleeve_valve
Mechanical component that converts rotational motion to reciprocal motion
convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled
Camshaft
Lubricant used for internal combustion engines
from oxidation of the lubricant (detergents), improves the sealing of piston rings, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts. In addition
Motor_oil
Valvetrain configuration
An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine in which the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts
Overhead_camshaft_engine
Internal combustion engine part
lash adjuster", contains a small hydraulic piston that becomes filled with pressurised engine oil. The piston acts as a hydraulic spring that automatically
Tappet
Device used in Hydraulics
a piston without moving seals. The seals are instead located in the wall through which the plunger slides (as opposed to piston rings on a piston). Plungers
Plunger_(hydraulics)
Air compressor for an internal combustion engine
beginning in the 1910s and usage in car engines beginning in the 1920s. In piston engines used by aircraft, supercharging was often used to compensate for
Supercharger
Heat exchanger used to cool a gas after compression
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Intercooler
Electric spark system to ignite a fuel-air mixture
battery, for example in lawnmowers and chainsaws. It is also used in modern piston-engined aircraft[citation needed] (even though a battery is present), to
Ignition_system
Piston engine starting system
system used on many piston engines in aircraft and armored vehicles of the 1930s and 1940s. It used a cordite cartridge to move a piston, which cranked the
Coffman_engine_starter
Internal combustion engine type
engine) in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crankshaft. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder
Four-stroke_engine
Conditioning of new mechanical equipment
use. The focus of breaking in an engine is on the contact between the piston rings of the engine and the cylinder wall. There is no universal preparation
Break-in_(mechanical_run-in)
Mechanism for converting reciprocating motion to rotation
A crankshaft is a mechanical component used in a piston engine to convert the reciprocating motion into rotational motion. The crankshaft is a rotating
Crankshaft
Oscillating lever in engine
Cylinder head Gudgeon pin Hydraulic tappet Main bearing Obturator ring Oil pump Piston Piston ring Poppet valve Pushrod Rocker arm Sleeve valve Tappet Electrical
Rocker_arm
Component of an internal combustion engine
In a piston engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders, forming the roof of the combustion chamber. In sidevalve engines the head is a simple plate
Cylinder_head
Topics referred to by the same term
sphere Piston ring, part of an engine Power ring (disambiguation) Ring of bells, a set of bells hung for English full circle ringing Storage ring, a type
Ring
Engine ignition system
World War Two, Bosch had fitted thyratron (tube type) CD ignitions to some piston engined fighter aircraft. With a CD ignition, an aeroplane engine did not
Capacitor_discharge_ignition
Turbo layout that uses two turbochargers
often leads to large amounts of turbo lag, therefore it is mostly used on piston engine aircraft which usually do not need to rapidly raise and lower engine
Twin-turbo
Combustion chamber capacity ratio
and minimum volume during the compression stage of the power cycle in a piston or Wankel engine. A fundamental specification for such engines, it can be
Compression_ratio
Device used to start an internal combustion engine
the axial piston motor concept, which provides high torque at any temperature or environment, and guarantees minimal wear of the engine ring gear and the
Starter_(engine)
Crankshaft section where connecting rods are attached
"small end" or "little end" (which connects to the wrist/gudgeon pin in the piston). The bearing which allows the crankpin to rotate around its shaft is called
Crankpin
Pressure difference generated in petrol engines
intake manifold and Earth's atmosphere. Manifold vacuum is an effect of a piston's movement on the induction stroke and the airflow through a throttle in
Manifold_vacuum
Reciprocating engine with a rotating crankcase
number of cylinders (usually 5, 7 or 9), so that a consistent every-other-piston firing order could be maintained, to provide smooth running. Rotary engines
Rotary_engine
Diameter of a piston engine cylinder
In a piston engine, the bore (or cylinder bore) is the diameter of each cylinder. Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the
Bore_(engine)
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
improved by the adoption of fiber reinforced piston grooves from the 1st Generation 2LTE to improve piston ring seizure resistance, groove wear resistance
Toyota_L_engine
Piston engine form
head requires no head gasket and is sealed by piston rings inside the cylinder bore, as for the power piston. An alternative solution was the monobloc engine
Junk_head
Device in internal combustion engines
hydraulic valve lifter is a hollow steel cylinder encasing an internal piston. The piston is held at the outer limit of its travel with a strong spring. The
Hydraulic_tappet
Position in the German Wehrmacht
company"). He wore two 10 mm broad rings of NCO braid around the cuff of his sleeves, nicknamed Kolbenringe ("piston rings"), and carried a Meldetasche (reporting
Hauptfeldwebel_(assignment)
Component of internal combustion engines which mixes air and fuel in a controlled ratio
and smaller outboard engines. In addition, they are still widely used on piston-engine–driven aircraft. Diesel engines have always used fuel injection instead
Carburetor
Aircraft component
efficiently. Spinners also fulfill an aesthetic role on some aircraft designs. Piston-powered aircraft often have spinners of one of two basic designs. The large
Spinner_(aeronautics)
Mechanical system in an internal combustion engine
the location of the camshaft. The common valvetrain configurations for piston engines, in order from oldest to newest, are: Flathead engine: A single
Valvetrain
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
temperature for DPF cleaning. This exposes the piston rings to excessive heat which eventually causes the piston rings to lose tension, causing low to no compression
Ford_Power_Stroke_engine
Control of engine power
to regulate the amount of steam admitted to the steam chests over the pistons. It is used in conjunction with the reversing lever to start, stop and
Throttle
Medium to transfer power in hydraulic machinery
Cylinder head Gudgeon pin Hydraulic tappet Main bearing Obturator ring Oil pump Piston Piston ring Poppet valve Pushrod Rocker arm Sleeve valve Tappet Electrical
Hydraulic_fluid
Heating element used to aid in starting diesel engines
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Glow_plug
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
Piston Pin Diameter 0.9455-0.9456 in. (24.017-24.020 mm) Piston Pin Clearance 0.0002-0.0005 in. (0.006-0.015 mm) Piston Ring Gap Top Compression Ring
Chrysler_PowerTech_engine
American inventor (1890–1982)
sold to Mahle GmbH in 2007) in Hagerstown, Indiana, a manufacturer of piston rings. Ralph Rowe Teetor was born on August 17, 1890, in Hagerstown, Indiana
Ralph_Teetor
Pressure-release system in turbocharged engines
throttle is open, the air pressure on both sides of the blowoff valve's piston is equal, therefore the spring holds the valve closed. As the throttle closes
Blowoff_valve
Device that generates sparks in internal combustion engines
an electric spark plug in his gas engine, the first internal combustion piston engine. Lenoir is generally credited with the invention of the spark plug
Spark_plug
Two-propeller design for improving low-airspeed maneuverability
arranged one behind the other in contra-rotation. Power is transferred from a piston powered or turboprop engine via a planetary gear or spur gear transmission
Contra-rotating_propellers
conditions; this tends to require multiple graphite piston rings or a single Teflon piston ring, and lapped metal seats. Class V valves leak less than
Valve_leakage
Tool for kindling a fire
A fire piston, sometimes called a fire syringe or a slam rod fire starter, is a device of ancient Southeast Asian origin which is used to kindle fire.
Fire_piston
Type of engine
market for late-model liquid-cooled engines. Those roles that remained with piston power were mostly slower designs and civilian aircraft. In these roles,
Air-cooled_engine
Device that converts other energy to electrical energy
single piece of self-contained equipment. The engines used are usually piston engines, but gas turbines can also be used, and there are even hybrid diesel-gas
Electric_generator
Type of bearing in piston engines
A main bearing is a bearing in a piston engine which holds the crankshaft in place and allows it to rotate within the engine block. The number of main
Main_bearing
Class of positive-displacement pumps
of a piston along with piston rings. Piston or plunger and Piston rod - Piston is directly connected to a rod that is the piston rod. This piston rod is
Reciprocating_pump
Heavyweight dual-purpose ASW and ASuW torpedo
for Yu-6 torpedo. The piston ring of the engine was developed successfully in December 2003 by Yizheng Shuanghuan Piston Ring (仪征双环活塞环有限公司). Wang Guozhi
Yu-6_torpedo
Device used to smooth and dampen abrupt changes in rotational speed/torque
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Dual-mass_flywheel
Automotive technology
downward movement of the pistons and the restriction caused by the throttle valve, in a reciprocating spark ignition piston engine, a partial vacuum (lower
Inlet_manifold
Type of mechanical seal
Since the carrier ring used in constant seating stress gaskets take this deflection into account when creating the carrier ring for a given flange size
Gasket
Device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Distributor
Groove or channel around ammunition
firearms terms Driving band, artillery equivalent to a cannelure Gas check Piston ring "cannelure". thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 26 February 2017. Firearms
Cannelure
Device to reduce oil vapors in car engines
the piston rings and down into the crankcase. Without ventilation this can pressurize the crankcase and cause issues such as lack of piston ring sealing
Oil_catch_tank
Mechanical device
during the height of piston engine use in aviation (the 1930s through the 1940s), with essentially all of the most powerful piston engines ever built for
Propeller speed reduction unit
Propeller_speed_reduction_unit
Concept in engine design
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Forced_induction
Measure of engine efficiency
which the valves are replaced outright with a rotating sleeve around the piston, or alternately a rotating sleeve under the cylinder head. In this system
Volumetric_efficiency
Piston valve for steam locomotives
hills. The valve consists of the usual parts of a piston valve: two valve pistons with sealing rings, carried on a valve spindle driven by the valve gear
Trofimoff_valve
Exhaust emission control device
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Catalytic_converter
Topics referred to by the same term
oocyte retrieval, a technique used in vitro fertilization Oil control ring, a piston ring Over consolidation ratio, a consolidation measurement in geotechnical
OCR
Positions of an engine's piston at the top or bottom of its stroke
In a reciprocating engine, the dead centre is the position of a piston in which it is either furthest from, or nearest to, the crankshaft. The former is
Dead_centre_(engineering)
Device to prevent fluid leaks in mechanisms
for numerous applications with difficult sealing issues. Obturating ring Piston ring Radial shaft seal Stopper (plug), a.k.a. bung or cork Drain plug Laboratory
Seal_(mechanical)
Trade name for a family of PTFE plastics
and chemical inertness. Common applications for Rulon include seals, piston rings, bearings, and electrical insulation. Rulon, not to be confused with
Rulon_(plastic)
Computer that adjusts electronics in an internal combustion propulsion system
blocking ignition, in response to input from an immobiliser In a camless piston engine (an experimental design not currently used in any production vehicles)
Engine_control_unit
Aircraft cockpit with electronic displays
Cylinder head Gudgeon pin Hydraulic tappet Main bearing Obturator ring Oil pump Piston Piston ring Poppet valve Pushrod Rocker arm Sleeve valve Tappet Electrical
Glass_cockpit
designed for weight saving, simplicity of operation and reliability. Early piston engines were started by hand. Geared hand starting, electrical and cartridge-operated
Aircraft_engine_starting
zones. For example, in piston engines, some of the fuel-air mixture "hides" from the flame in the crevices provided by the piston ring grooves. Further, some
Unburned_hydrocarbon
Alternative vehicle power source
extreme nose of the cone contained a manual pull-handle which started the piston engine, which in turn rotated the compressor. Two spark plug access ports
Auxiliary_power_unit
External mixture preparation system for internal combustion engines
combustible air-fuel mixture with the air. As soon as the intake valve opens, the piston starts sucking in the still forming mixture. Usually, this mixture is relatively
Manifold_injection
Automotive control system
layout) Displacement Flywheel Firing order Stroke Main bearing Piston Piston ring Starter ring gear Wrist pin Valvetrain and Cylinder head Flathead layout
Electronic_control_unit
Lubricant consisting of artificially made chemical compounds
engines, for example, require the use of synthetic oils, whereas aircraft piston engines do not. Synthetic oils are also used in metal stamping to provide
Synthetic_oil
Toyota 4-cylinder engine introduced in 2008
for the valvetrain, a three-stage variable oil pump, reduced-tension piston rings and auxiliary belt drive. An Acoustic Control Induction System switches
Toyota_AR_engine
Liquid fuel used in diesel engines
pilot injection. This engine proved to be functional, but suffered from piston ring failure after a few minutes due to coal dust deposition. Before diesel
Diesel_fuel
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