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POLYPLOID COMPLEX

  • Polyploid complex
  • Group of interrelated and interbreeding species that also have differing levels of ploidy

    A polyploid complex, also called a diploid-polyploid complex, is a group of interrelated and interbreeding species that also have differing levels of ploidy

    Polyploid complex

    Polyploid_complex

  • Polyploidy
  • Condition where cells have more than two sets of chromosomes

    joined in pairs of homologous chromosomes. However, some organisms are polyploid. Polyploidy is especially common in plants. Most eukaryotes have diploid

    Polyploidy

    Polyploidy

    Polyploidy

  • G. Ledyard Stebbins
  • American botanist and geneticist (1906-2000)

    described the concept of the polyploid complex, and its role in plant evolution. Some genera, such as Crepis, have a complex of reproductive forms that

    G. Ledyard Stebbins

    G._Ledyard_Stebbins

  • Leucanthemum
  • Genus of flowering plants

    Robert; Oberprieler, Christoph (2012). "Phylogenetic studies in the polyploid complex of the genus Leucanthemum Mill. (Compositae, Anthemideae) based on

    Leucanthemum

    Leucanthemum

    Leucanthemum

  • Dactylis
  • Genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae

    "Natural Triploids in the Orchard Grass, Dactylis glomerata L., Polyploid Complex and Their Significance for Gene Flow From Diploid to Tetraploid Levels"

    Dactylis

    Dactylis

    Dactylis

  • Glycine (plant)
  • Genus of legumes

    Confirmation of shared and divergent genomes in the Glycine tabacina polyploid complex (Leguminosae) using histone H3-D sequences. Systematic Botany 25,

    Glycine (plant)

    Glycine (plant)

    Glycine_(plant)

  • Claytonia perfoliata
  • Plant species in the springbeauty family

    and C. rubra, C. perfoliata comprises what is almost certainly a polyploid pillar complex, which is based on three diploid species. Two key studies on the

    Claytonia perfoliata

    Claytonia perfoliata

    Claytonia_perfoliata

  • Linum suffruticosum
  • Species of plant

    flowering plant in the family Linaceae, native to Spain. It is a polyploid species complex with significant morphological variation. The following subspecies

    Linum suffruticosum

    Linum suffruticosum

    Linum_suffruticosum

  • Opuntioideae
  • Subfamily of cacti

    correlations with pleistocene refugia and morphological traits in a polyploid complex". Comparative Cytogenetics. 6 (1): 53–77. doi:10.3897/compcytogen

    Opuntioideae

    Opuntioideae

    Opuntioideae

  • Dactylorhiza
  • Genus of orchids

    Mikael (2010). "Evolutionary history of the Dactylorhiza maculata polyploid complex (Orchidaceae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 101 (3):

    Dactylorhiza

    Dactylorhiza

    Dactylorhiza

  • Achillea tomentosa
  • Species of yarrow

    "Cytogenetics of experimental hybrids within the Achillea millefolium polyploid complex (yarrow)". Caryologia. 49 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1080/00087114.1996.10797344

    Achillea tomentosa

    Achillea tomentosa

    Achillea_tomentosa

  • Ulmus americana
  • Species of tree

    Whittemore, A. T.; Olsen, R. T. (2011). "Ulmus americana (Ulmaceae) is a Polyploid Complex". American Journal of Botany. 98 (4): 754–760. Bibcode:2011AmJB..

    Ulmus americana

    Ulmus americana

    Ulmus_americana

  • Primula scotica
  • Species of flowering plant

    (2009). "Disentangling Reticulate Evolution in an Arctic-Alpine Polyploid Complex". Systematic Biology. 58 (1): 55–73. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp010. hdl:20

    Primula scotica

    Primula scotica

    Primula_scotica

  • Primula farinosa
  • Plant species in the primrose family

    February 2009). "Disentangling Reticulate Evolution in an Arctic–Alpine Polyploid Complex". Systematic Biology. 58 (1): 55–73. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp010. hdl:20

    Primula farinosa

    Primula farinosa

    Primula_farinosa

  • Paeonia obovata
  • Species of flowering plant

    Eastern Russia (Primorsky Krai) and on Sakhalin. Paeonia obovata is a polyploid complex, and shows much morphological variability. It is a perennial herbaceous

    Paeonia obovata

    Paeonia obovata

    Paeonia_obovata

  • Allium monanthum
  • Species of flowering plant

    Shoichi (1988-06-01). "The Biology of Allium monanthum (Liliaceae) I. Polyploid Complex and Variations in Karyotype". Plant Species Biology. 3 (1): 13–26

    Allium monanthum

    Allium monanthum

    Allium_monanthum

  • Geraldine A. Allen
  • Canadian botanist (born 1950)

    and her dissertation was Biosystematics of a Western North American Polyploid Complex in the Genus Aster. Allen is professor of biology and herbarium curator

    Geraldine A. Allen

    Geraldine_A._Allen

  • Adonis aestivalis
  • Species of plant

    Pazy, Batia (1989). "The annual species of Adonis (Ranunculaceae) —a polyploid complex". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 168 (3/4): 181–193. doi:10.1007/BF00936098

    Adonis aestivalis

    Adonis aestivalis

    Adonis_aestivalis

  • Hybrid speciation
  • Form of speciation involving hybridization between two different species

    polyploid speciation. Polyploid speciation is commonly observed in plants because their nature allows them to support genome duplications. Polyploids

    Hybrid speciation

    Hybrid speciation

    Hybrid_speciation

  • Asplenium ceterach
  • Species of fern

    "Phylogenetic and biosystematic relationships in four highly disjunct polyploid complexes in the subgenera Ceterach and Phyllitis in Asplenium (Aspleniaceae)"

    Asplenium ceterach

    Asplenium ceterach

    Asplenium_ceterach

  • Dactylorhiza insularis
  • Species of flowering plant in the orchid family

    (2006). Systematics and evolution of the Dactylorhiza romana/sambucina polyploid complex (Orchidaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 405-434

    Dactylorhiza insularis

    Dactylorhiza insularis

    Dactylorhiza_insularis

  • Dudleya caespitosa
  • Species of coastal succulent plant from North America

    state. Taxonomically, this species is a highly variable complex of polymorphic and polyploid plants, closely related to numerous neighboring species such

    Dudleya caespitosa

    Dudleya caespitosa

    Dudleya_caespitosa

  • Ornithogalum divergens
  • Species of flowering plant

    recognised as the hexaploid form (with 54 chromosomes) within the broader polyploid complex of O. umbellatum, distinguishing itself from the triploid cytotype

    Ornithogalum divergens

    Ornithogalum divergens

    Ornithogalum_divergens

  • Dactylorhiza romana
  • Species of flowering plant in the orchid family

    (2006). Systematics and evolution of the Dactylorhiza romana/sambucina polyploid complex (Orchidaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 405-434

    Dactylorhiza romana

    Dactylorhiza romana

    Dactylorhiza_romana

  • Phenetics
  • Attempt to classify organisms based on overall similarity

    Botany. Indeed, due to the effects of horizontal gene transfer, polyploid complexes and other peculiarities of plant genomics, phenetic techniques of

    Phenetics

    Phenetics

  • Ploidy
  • Number of sets of chromosomes of a cell

    Half of all known plant genera contain polyploid species, and about two-thirds of all grasses are polyploid. Many animals are uniformly diploid, though

    Ploidy

    Ploidy

    Ploidy

  • Antennaria rosea
  • Species of flowering plant

    Patterns of clonal diversity in the Antennaria rosea (Asteraceae) polyploid agamic complex. American Journal of Botany 77:10 1313-19. Bayer, R. J. (1989)

    Antennaria rosea

    Antennaria rosea

    Antennaria_rosea

  • Speciation
  • Evolutionary process

    successful polyploid species is sometimes asexual, by parthenogenesis or apomixis, as for unknown reasons many asexual organisms are polyploid. Rare instances

    Speciation

    Speciation

  • Opuntia austrina
  • Species of cactus

    Correlations with pleistocene refugia and morphological traits in a polyploid complex". Comparative Cytogenetics. 6 (1): 53–77. doi:10.3897/compcytogen

    Opuntia austrina

    Opuntia austrina

    Opuntia_austrina

  • Claytonia rubra
  • Plant species in the springbeauty family

    parviflora, Claytonia rubra comprises what is almost certainly a polyploid pillar complex based on three diploid species, each occupying a definitive ecological

    Claytonia rubra

    Claytonia rubra

    Claytonia_rubra

  • Primula pauciflora
  • Species of flowering plant

    pulchellum. Primula pauciflora is a widespread and highly variable polyploid complex (2n = 44, 88 and 132). The species is generally hairless, with a flowering

    Primula pauciflora

    Primula pauciflora

    Primula_pauciflora

  • Annual vs. perennial plant evolution
  • colonization, and lineage recombination in a widespread perennial soybean polyploid complex". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 96 (19): 10741–10745

    Annual vs. perennial plant evolution

    Annual vs. perennial plant evolution

    Annual_vs._perennial_plant_evolution

  • Campanula petiolata
  • Species of flowering plant

    genome duplication on the distribution of the Campanula rotundifolia polyploid complex". American Journal of Botany. 105 (10): 1760–1770. doi:10.1002/ajb2

    Campanula petiolata

    Campanula petiolata

    Campanula_petiolata

  • Crepis
  • Genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae

    diploid flower. When pollen from a polyploid individual fertilizes diploid flowers, the resultant seeds are typically polyploid, which lowers the diploid population

    Crepis

    Crepis

    Crepis

  • Dactylorhiza sambucina
  • Species of flowering plant in the orchid family

    "Systematics and evolution of the Dactylorhiza romana/sambucina polyploid complex (Orchidaceae)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 152 (4):

    Dactylorhiza sambucina

    Dactylorhiza sambucina

    Dactylorhiza_sambucina

  • List of Mimosa species
  • "Cytogeography and morphological characterisation of a taxonomic, polyploid complex of Mimosa (Leguminosae) from subtropical South America". Australian

    List of Mimosa species

    List_of_Mimosa_species

  • Asplenium hybrids
  • Hybrid ferns

    especially in temperate zones. The Appalachian hybrid complex in Asplenium is a polyploid complex composed of three diploid species, three allotetraploid

    Asplenium hybrids

    Asplenium_hybrids

  • Tyge W. Böcher
  • Danish botanist (1909–1983)

    Keywords: evolution Cerastium alpinum and C. arcticum - a mature polyploid complex. Botaniska Notiser 130: 303-309. 1977. Keywords: cytology, ecotype

    Tyge W. Böcher

    Tyge W. Böcher

    Tyge_W._Böcher

  • Claytonia parviflora
  • Species of flowering plant

    rubra, Claytonia parviflora comprises what is almost certainly a polyploid pillar complex. There are four well-defined subspecies of Claytonia parviflora:

    Claytonia parviflora

    Claytonia parviflora

    Claytonia_parviflora

  • Dianthus broteri
  • Species of flowering plant

    a complex of polyploid races, with 2n=2x=30, 2n=4x=60, 2n=6x=90 and 2n=12x=180 chromosomes detected in different populations, the largest polyploid series

    Dianthus broteri

    Dianthus broteri

    Dianthus_broteri

  • Genome skimming
  • Method of genome sequencing

    insight into the relationships in Ludwigia section Macrocarpon, a polyploid complex". American Journal of Botany. 105 (5): 875–887. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1086

    Genome skimming

    Genome skimming

    Genome_skimming

  • Ulmus americana 'Jefferson'
  • Elm cultivar

    Olsen, Richard T. (April 1, 2011). "Ulmus americana (Ulmaceae) is a polyploid complex". American Journal of Botany. 98 (4). St. Louis: Botanical Society

    Ulmus americana 'Jefferson'

    Ulmus americana 'Jefferson'

    Ulmus_americana_'Jefferson'

  • Endoreduplication
  • Replication of the nuclear genome without mitosis

    after completing the S phase several times, resulting in a mononucleated polyploid cell. The cell ends up with twice as many copies of each chromosome per

    Endoreduplication

    Endoreduplication

  • DNA replication
  • Biological process

    (June 2006). "The obligate human pathogen, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is polyploid". PLOS Biology. 4 (6) e185. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040185. PMC 1470461

    DNA replication

    DNA replication

    DNA_replication

  • Macronucleus
  • Nucleus in ciliates, involved in non-reproductive cell functions

    meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates. Macronuclei are polyploid and undergo direct division without mitosis. It controls the non-reproductive

    Macronucleus

    Macronucleus

  • Ranunculus auricomus
  • Species of flowering plant

    knots: unraveling reticulate polyploid plant evolution by genomic data using the large Ranunculus auricomus species complex". New Phytologist. 235 (5):

    Ranunculus auricomus

    Ranunculus auricomus

    Ranunculus_auricomus

  • Paleopolyploidy
  • State of having undergone whole genome duplication in deep evolutionary time

    genomes. Most paleopolyploids, through evolutionary time, have lost their polyploid status through a process called diploidization, and are currently considered

    Paleopolyploidy

    Paleopolyploidy

    Paleopolyploidy

  • Dalle Khursani
  • Spicy Chilli

    fruit and chromosomal diversity: a review on diploid and polyploid Capsicum annuum complex in India". Molecular Biology Reports. 48 (7): 5587–5605. doi:10

    Dalle Khursani

    Dalle Khursani

    Dalle_Khursani

  • C-value
  • Amount of DNA contained in a haploid nucleus

    the terms C-value and genome size are used interchangeably; however, in polyploids the C-value may represent two or more genomes contained within the same

    C-value

    C-value

  • Warren H. Wagner
  • American botanist (1920–2000)

    accomplished cytologist, he resolved the relationships of an array of polyploid complexes in North American ferns, first the Appalachian trio of Asplenium

    Warren H. Wagner

    Warren_H._Wagner

  • Randall James Bayer
  • American botanist

     213–217. Bayer, R.J. 1999. New perspectives into the evolution of polyploid complexes. In: Plant evolution in man-made habitats. Proceedings of the VIIth

    Randall James Bayer

    Randall James Bayer

    Randall_James_Bayer

  • Parthenogenesis
  • Asexual reproduction without fertilization

    other cases of obligate parthenogenesis (or gynogenesis) are found among polyploids and hybrids where the chromosomes cannot pair for meiosis. The production

    Parthenogenesis

    Parthenogenesis

    Parthenogenesis

  • Torminalis
  • Genus of trees in the rose family

    forms diploid and polyploid hybrids with members of the genus Aria (whitebeams). A number of often very localised stable apomictic polyploid species of ultimately

    Torminalis

    Torminalis

    Torminalis

  • List of organisms by chromosome count
  • Pereira DL, Davide LC, Techio VH (2015). "Ribosomal DNA in diploid and polyploid Setaria (Poaceae) species: number and distribution". Comparative Cytogenetics

    List of organisms by chromosome count

    List of organisms by chromosome count

    List_of_organisms_by_chromosome_count

  • Endosperm
  • Tissue inside seeds that is starchy in cereals and liquid in coconuts

    organism. About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid. These are typically triploid (containing three sets of chromosomes),

    Endosperm

    Endosperm

    Endosperm

  • Jefferson salamander
  • Species of amphibian

    the embryo. The same polyploid reproductive strategy occurs for other mole salamander species. The presence of these polyploids makes it difficult to

    Jefferson salamander

    Jefferson salamander

    Jefferson_salamander

  • Verbena bonariensis
  • Species of flowering plant

    Verbena bonariensis is a member of the South American vervains, which are polyploid and have more than 14 chromosomes. Among these, it is part of a lineage

    Verbena bonariensis

    Verbena bonariensis

    Verbena_bonariensis

  • Endemism
  • State of species being unique to a location

    chromosome count as the parent taxon it evolved from. An apoendemic is a polyploid of the parent taxon (or taxa in the case of allopolyploids), whereas a

    Endemism

    Endemism

    Endemism

  • Bromus lithobius
  • Species of plant

    Ledyard (1949). "The Evolutionary Significance of Natural and Artificial Polyploids in the Family Gramineae". Hereditas. 35 (S1): 461–485. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223

    Bromus lithobius

    Bromus_lithobius

  • Hybrid (biology)
  • Offspring of cross-species reproduction

    fundamental to the evolutionary history of plants. Plants frequently form polyploids, individuals with more than two copies of each chromosome. Whole genome

    Hybrid (biology)

    Hybrid (biology)

    Hybrid_(biology)

  • Chromosome
  • DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell

    species are polyploid [Xn], having more than two sets of homologous chromosomes. Important crops such as tobacco or wheat are often polyploid, compared

    Chromosome

    Chromosome

    Chromosome

  • Karyotype
  • Photographic display of total chromosome complement in a cell

    are present in two copies. There can potentially be sex chromosomes. Polyploid cells have multiple copies of chromosomes and haploid cells have single

    Karyotype

    Karyotype

    Karyotype

  • Glycine tomentella
  • Species of plant in the genus Glycine

    Northern Territory and Western Australia. Glycine tomentella is a complex of polyploid forms, with 2n=38, 2n=40, 2n=78 and 2n=80 chromosome counts detected

    Glycine tomentella

    Glycine tomentella

    Glycine_tomentella

  • Eukaryote hybrid genome
  • Genome resulting from the mating of closely related species

    speciation, but see Moharrek et al. This stricter definition includes polyploid hybrid taxa but only encompasses a handful of well studied cases of homoploid

    Eukaryote hybrid genome

    Eukaryote_hybrid_genome

  • Trichosphaerium
  • Genus of amoebae

    Unprecedented Gene Trafficking from Giant Viruses and Provides Insights into Its Complex Life Cycle". Microbiology Research. 14 (2): 656–672. doi:10.3390/microbiolres14020047

    Trichosphaerium

    Trichosphaerium

    Trichosphaerium

  • Rubus
  • Genus of plants in the rose family

    smaller units called drupelets. Around 60–70% of species of Rubus are polyploid (having more than two copies of each chromosome), with species ranging

    Rubus

    Rubus

    Rubus

  • Circular consensus sequencing
  • DNA sequencing method

    results for complex applications such as single nucleotide and structural variant detection, genome assembly, assembly of difficult polyploid or highly

    Circular consensus sequencing

    Circular_consensus_sequencing

  • Sexual reproduction
  • Biological process

    Retrieved 2022-09-13 – via Cold Spring Harbor. Can Song, ShaoJun Liu (2012). "Polyploid Organisms". Science China Life Sciences. 55 (4): 301–311. doi:10.1007/s11427-012-4310-2

    Sexual reproduction

    Sexual reproduction

    Sexual_reproduction

  • Stylidium graminifolium
  • Species of plant

    S. armeria, that used to be included in this complex are tetraploid (2n = 60) and may represent polyploid speciation. The three species also represented

    Stylidium graminifolium

    Stylidium graminifolium

    Stylidium_graminifolium

  • Largest organisms
  • List of largest organisms on Earth

    Jacqueline; Kendrick, Gary A.; Sinclair, Elizabeth A. (2022-06-08). "Extensive polyploid clonality was a successful strategy for seagrass to expand into a newly

    Largest organisms

    Largest organisms

    Largest_organisms

  • List of longest-living organisms
  • Jacqueline; Kendrick, Gary A.; Sinclair, Elizabeth A. (2022-06-08). "Extensive polyploid clonality was a successful strategy for seagrass to expand into a newly

    List of longest-living organisms

    List_of_longest-living_organisms

  • Xenoma
  • Growth caused by various species of protists and fungi

    change in organisation of the cell and its structure and can result in polyploid nuclei. This outcome is due to the microsporidian parasite proliferating

    Xenoma

    Xenoma

    Xenoma

  • Azotobacter vinelandii
  • Species of bacterium

    growing culture, whereas cultures grown in synthetic minimal media are not polyploid. William A. Noyes, ed. (1904). Review of American Chemical Research. Vol

    Azotobacter vinelandii

    Azotobacter_vinelandii

  • Patrick Brownsey
  • Botanist (1948–2023)

    Patrick J. Brownsey (January 2005). "Insights into the Biogeography and Polyploid Evolution of New Zealand Asplenium from Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data"

    Patrick Brownsey

    Patrick Brownsey

    Patrick_Brownsey

  • Taraxacum officinale
  • Flowering plant species known as dandelion

    The taxonomy of the genus Taraxacum is complicated by apomictic and polyploid lineages, and the taxonomy and nomenclatural situation of T. officinale

    Taraxacum officinale

    Taraxacum officinale

    Taraxacum_officinale

  • List of banana cultivars
  • List of cultivated varieties of banana

    varieties (cultivars) of edible bananas and plantains are hybrids and polyploids of two wild, seeded banana species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana

    List of banana cultivars

    List of banana cultivars

    List_of_banana_cultivars

  • Outbreeding depression
  • Reduced biological fitness

    rebound. The first mechanism has the greatest effects on fitness for polyploids, an intermediate effect on translocations, and a modest effect on centric

    Outbreeding depression

    Outbreeding_depression

  • List of taxa that use parthenogenesis
  • alternatively referred to as gynogenetic). A complex cycle of matings between diploid sexual and polyploid parthenogenetic individuals produces new parthenogenetic

    List of taxa that use parthenogenesis

    List_of_taxa_that_use_parthenogenesis

  • Geum
  • Genus of plants

    (1929) and Bolle (1933). Gajewski (1958) described the genus as a complex of polyploid species with high crossability between species, permitting the formation

    Geum

    Geum

    Geum

  • Plant evolution
  • Subset of evolutionary phenomena that concern plants

    plants and some estimates suggest that 30–80% of living plant species are polyploid, and many lineages show evidence of ancient polyploidy (paleopolyploidy)

    Plant evolution

    Plant evolution

    Plant_evolution

  • Lepisorus thunbergianus
  • Species of plant

    (Polypodiaceae), a New Allohexaploid Species in the Lepisorus thunbergianus Polyploid Species Complex", Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica, 76, The Japanese Society

    Lepisorus thunbergianus

    Lepisorus thunbergianus

    Lepisorus_thunbergianus

  • Double fertilization
  • Complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants

    triploid primary endosperm cell (triple fusion). Some plants may form polyploid nuclei. The large cell of the gametophyte will then develop into the endosperm

    Double fertilization

    Double fertilization

    Double_fertilization

  • Common wheat
  • Species of plant

    PMC 7461782. PMID 33014014. Matsuoka, Yoshihiro (1 May 2011). "Evolution of Polyploid Triticum Wheats under Cultivation: The Role of Domestication, Natural

    Common wheat

    Common wheat

    Common_wheat

  • Nuclear dimorphism
  • known vegetative gene expression happens in the macronucleus, which is a polyploid somatic nucleus. The micronucleus divides before micronucleus in the state

    Nuclear dimorphism

    Nuclear dimorphism

    Nuclear_dimorphism

  • Banana
  • Tropical, edible, staple fruit

    Pemba Island (off Tanzania), as well as the phenotypes of cultivated polyploid bananas, and their distribution; all of which provide the clearest evidence

    Banana

    Banana

    Banana

  • Ophioglossum
  • Genus of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae

    Lycaenidae) holds the record of the highest number of chromosomes in the non-polyploid eukaryotic organisms". Comparative Cytogenetics. 9 (4): 683–690. Bibcode:2015ComCy

    Ophioglossum

    Ophioglossum

    Ophioglossum

  • Verbena
  • Genus of plants

    cultivars. The genus can be divided into a diploid North American and a polyploid South American lineage, both with a base chromosome number of seven. The

    Verbena

    Verbena

    Verbena

  • Dudleya saxosa
  • Species of succulent

    saxosa subsp. saxosa (Panamint live-forever)A geographically isolated and polyploid population from the other species, this plant is found in the Panamint

    Dudleya saxosa

    Dudleya saxosa

    Dudleya_saxosa

  • Index of genetics articles
  • Polygene Polygenic disorder Polymerase Polymerize Polymorphism Polypeptide Polyploid Polyribosome Polysaccharide Polysome Polytene chromosome Population Population

    Index of genetics articles

    Index_of_genetics_articles

  • Antennaria media
  • Species of flowering plant

    taxonomic revision of the Antennaria media (Asteraceae: Inuleae) polyploid species complex in western North America. Brittonia 49:3 309-27. Jepson Manual

    Antennaria media

    Antennaria media

    Antennaria_media

  • Unisexual mole salamander
  • Unisexual species complex of salamanders

    ova without excising any of the mother's genetic material, resulting in polyploid offspring with higher ploidy levels than the mother. Ploidy elevation

    Unisexual mole salamander

    Unisexual mole salamander

    Unisexual_mole_salamander

  • Narcissus (plant)
  • Genus of flowering plants

    Chromosome numbers include 2n=14, 22, 26, with numerous aneuploid and polyploid derivatives. The basic chromosome number is 7, with the exception of N

    Narcissus (plant)

    Narcissus (plant)

    Narcissus_(plant)

  • Taraxacum
  • Genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae

    population would deserve its own microspecies. About 235 apomictic and polyploid microspecies have been recorded in Great Britain and Ireland alone. Phylogenetic

    Taraxacum

    Taraxacum

    Taraxacum

  • Compilospecies
  • pioneering species), weed species and domestication. They can be diploid or polyploid, as well as sexual or primarily asexual. The term compilospecies derives

    Compilospecies

    Compilospecies

  • Sugarcane
  • Several species of grass used for sugar production

    phylogenetics, and comparative genetics of Saccharum L., a polysomic polyploid Poales: Andropogoneae". In El-Gewely, M. Raafat (ed.). Biotechnology Annual

    Sugarcane

    Sugarcane

    Sugarcane

  • Paramecium
  • Genus of unicellular ciliates

    all ciliates, Paramecium have a dual nuclear apparatus, consisting of a polyploid macronucleus, and one or more diploid micronuclei. The macronucleus controls

    Paramecium

    Paramecium

    Paramecium

  • Bacteria
  • Domain of microorganisms

    encoding proteins. This is in contrast to eukaryotes, which are diploid or polyploid, meaning they have two or more copies of each gene. This means that unlike

    Bacteria

    Bacteria

    Bacteria

  • Cell growth
  • Increase of the total mass of a cell

    large endoreplicating cells have many copies of the genome, so are highly polyploid. Oocytes can be unusually large cells in species for which embryonic development

    Cell growth

    Cell growth

    Cell_growth

  • Lilium
  • Genus of plants

    Van Tuyl, J.M. (2004). "Use of 2n gametes for the production of sexual polyploids from sterile Oriental × Asiatic hybrids of lilies (Lilium)". Theoretical

    Lilium

    Lilium

    Lilium

  • Viola (plant)
  • Genus of flowering plants

    Bengt (January 2012). "Inferring Species Networks from Gene Trees in High-Polyploid North American and Hawaiian Violets (Viola, Violaceae)". Systematic Biology

    Viola (plant)

    Viola (plant)

    Viola_(plant)

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Online names & meanings

  • Jayveer
  • Girl/Female

    Indian

    Jayveer

    Winner

  • Pravi
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu

    Pravi

  • Frick
  • Boy/Male

    English

    Frick

    Courageous; brave.

  • Gyanvi
  • Girl/Female

    Indian

    Gyanvi

    Knowledgable person

  • Shylock
  • Boy/Male

    Shakespearean

    Shylock

    The Merchant of Venice' A rich Jew who loans money to Antonio.

  • Elphin
  • Boy/Male

    Welsh

    Elphin

    Legendary son of Gwyddno.

  • Kifayat |
  • Boy/Male

    Muslim

    Kifayat |

    Enough, Sufficient

  • Kajol
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu

    Kajol

    Mascara, Eye liner

  • Eilin
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu, Indian

    Eilin

    Torch; Bright Light

  • Vinati | விநதி
  • Girl/Female

    Tamil

    Vinati | விநதி

    Prayer, Request, Humility

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Other words and meanings similar to

POLYPLOID COMPLEX

AI search in online dictionary sources & meanings containing POLYPLOID COMPLEX

POLYPLOID COMPLEX

  • Polypoid
  • a.

    Resembling a polypus in appearance; having a character like that of a polypus.

  • Complexed
  • a.

    Complex, complicated.

  • Complexities
  • pl.

    of Complexity

  • Complexly
  • adv.

    In a complex manner; not simply.

  • Complexity
  • n.

    That which is complex; intricacy; complication.

  • Complexedness
  • n.

    The quality or state of being complex or involved; complication.

  • Complexness
  • n.

    The state of being complex; complexity.

  • Complexion
  • n.

    The general appearance or aspect; as, the complexion of the sky; the complexion of the news.

  • Complexionary
  • a.

    Pertaining to the complexion, or to the care of it.

  • Complexion
  • n.

    A combination; a complex.

  • Complexity
  • n.

    The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.

  • Complexion
  • n.

    The state of being complex; complexity.

  • Complex
  • n.

    Composed of two or more parts; composite; not simple; as, a complex being; a complex idea.

  • Polypoid
  • a.

    Like a polyp; having the nature of a polyp, but lacking the tentacles or other parts.

  • Polymyoid
  • a.

    Having numerous vocal muscles; of or pertaining to the Polymyodae.

  • Complexus
  • n.

    A complex; an aggregate of parts; a complication.

  • Complexional
  • a.

    Of or pertaining to constitutional complexion.

  • Violuric
  • a.

    Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitroso derivative of barbituric acid. It is obtained as a white or yellow crystalline substance, and forms characteristic yellow, blue, and violet salts.

  • Complexioned
  • a.

    Having (such) a complexion; -- used in composition; as, a dark-complexioned or a ruddy-complexioned person.

  • Polymyodous
  • a.

    Polymyoid.