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Type of automaton
of theoretical computer science, a pushdown automaton (PDA) is a type of automaton that employs a stack. Pushdown automata are used in theories about
Pushdown_automaton
Topics referred to by the same term
Pushdown may refer to: Pushdown automaton, a concept in theoretical computer science More generally, anything relating to a stack Push-down (exercise)
Pushdown
Abstract machine in computer science
theory, a deterministic pushdown automaton (DPDA or DPA) is a variation of the pushdown automaton. The class of deterministic pushdown automata accepts the
Deterministic pushdown automaton
Deterministic_pushdown_automaton
Formal language concept
languages accepted by finite nested word automata gives the class of visibly pushdown languages. The latter language class lies properly between the regular
Nested_word
Sequence of characters, data type
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
String_(computer_science)
An embedded pushdown automaton (EPDA) is a computational model for parsing languages generated by tree-adjoining grammars (TAGs). It is similar to the
Embedded_pushdown_automaton
Exercise for triceps muscles
A push-down is a strength training exercise used for strengthening the triceps muscles in the back of the arm. This exercise can also be called a triceps
Push-down_(exercise)
Type of pumping lemma
that a given language is context-free, it is sufficient to construct a pushdown automaton that accepts it. Kreowski 1979. Berstel et al. 2009. Scheinberg
Pumping lemma for context-free languages
Pumping_lemma_for_context-free_languages
Formal language generated by context-free grammar
accepted by pushdown automata, which makes these languages amenable to parsing. Further, for a given CFG, there is a direct way to produce a pushdown automaton
Context-free_language
Type of a context-free grammar
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
LL_grammar
Type of finite automaton in automata theory
more powerful than DFAs. A pushdown automaton that is allowed to move either way on its input tape is called two-way pushdown automaton (2PDA); it has been
Two-way_finite_automaton
Lemma that defines a property of regular languages
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Pumping lemma for regular languages
Pumping_lemma_for_regular_languages
Study of abstract machines and automata
the discipline along with new forms of infinite-state automata, such as pushdown automata. 1956 saw the publication of Automata Studies, which collected
Automata_theory
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Local language (formal language)
Local_language_(formal_language)
Subset of languages in formal theory
deterministic pushdown automaton (DPDA). It is where the language power of pushdown automata is reduced to if we make them deterministic; the pushdown automata
Deterministic context-free language
Deterministic_context-free_language
Finite-state machine
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Deterministic finite automaton
Deterministic_finite_automaton
Nutrition and exercise program and competition
The pushdown is used to exercise the triceps muscle.
Body_for_Life
Form for context-free grammars
context-free language can be accepted by a real-time (non-deterministic) pushdown automaton, i.e., the automaton reads a letter from its input every step
Greibach_normal_form
Type of finite-state machine in automata theory
nondeterministic finite automata with ε-moves, finite-state transducers, pushdown automata, alternating automata, ω-automata, and probabilistic automata
Nondeterministic finite automaton
Nondeterministic_finite_automaton
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Kuroda_normal_form
Hierarchy of classes of formal grammars
are exactly all languages that can be recognized by a non-deterministic pushdown automaton. Context-free languages—or rather its subset of deterministic
Chomsky_hierarchy
Ability to solve a problem by an effective procedure
Context-free grammars specify programming language syntax. Non-deterministic pushdown automata are another formalism equivalent to context-free grammars. Different
Computability
Portable security device for motorcycles
the brake disc and locks to the other side of the lock, using either a pushdown-and-click locking mechanism or a more robust double-locking mechanism.
Disc-lock
Formal grammar derived from a deterministic pushdown automaton
subset of context-free grammars that can be derived from deterministic pushdown automata, and they generate the deterministic context-free languages. DCFGs
Deterministic context-free grammar
Deterministic_context-free_grammar
String rewriting system
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Semi-Thue_system
Question in theoretical computer science
problem for pushdown automata or any machine that can decide context-free languages or more powerful languages. P. Jančar. Equivalences of Pushdown Systems
Equivalence_problem
Data structure representing a finite set of strings
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Deterministic acyclic finite state automaton
Deterministic_acyclic_finite_state_automaton
Computation model defining an abstract machine
some Turing machine.) A Turing machine is equivalent to a single-stack pushdown automaton (PDA) that has been made more flexible and concise by relaxing
Turing_machine
Computer science and linguistics concept relating to non-terminal production
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Recursive_grammar
Algebraic structure with an associative operation and an identity element
20036 Kuich, Werner (1990). "ω-continuous semirings, algebraic systems and pushdown automata". In Paterson, Michael S. (ed.). Automata, Languages and Programming:
Monoid
Mathematical model describing how an output of a function is computed given an input
Finite-state machines Post machines (Post–Turing machines and tag machines). Pushdown automata Register machines Random-access machines Turing machines Decision
Model_of_computation
Formal grammar
subclass of regular binary tree languages to nested words and visibly pushdown languages. Applications of regular tree grammars include: Instruction selection
Regular_tree_grammar
Academic subfield of computer science
Context-free grammars specify programming language syntax. Non-deterministic pushdown automata are another formalism equivalent to context-free grammars. Primitive
Theory_of_computation
Language for controlling a computer
Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. ISBN 978-0-534-94728-6. Section 2.2: Pushdown Automata, pp.101–114. Jeffrey Kegler, "Perl and Undecidability Archived
Programming_language
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Tagged Deterministic Finite Automaton
Tagged_Deterministic_Finite_Automaton
Educational software
Topics on context-free language include: pushdown automata context-free grammar proof on wikt:nondeterministic pushdown automaton to context-free grammar proof
JFLAP
Type of formal grammar
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Noncontracting_grammar
front of the body and lifted over the head in a circular motion). The pushdown is performed while standing by pushing down on a bar held at the level
List of weight training exercises
List_of_weight_training_exercises
Any type of calculation
of computers are the following: State models including Turing machine, pushdown automaton, finite-state automaton, and PRAM Functional models including
Computation
A language is linear iff it can be generated by a one-turn pushdown automaton – a pushdown automaton that, once it starts popping, never pushes again
Linear_grammar
British American computer scientist
Valiant, Leslie (1973). Decision procedures for families of deterministic pushdown automata. warwick.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Warwick. OCLC 726087468
Leslie_Valiant
Big data table format
costs and improving read performance through techniques such as predicate pushdown and column pruning. Iceberg references Parquet files in manifest files
Apache_Iceberg
American computer scientist (born 1936)
a basic question about deterministic pushdown automata: it is decidable whether a given deterministic pushdown automaton accepts a regular language.
Richard_E._Stearns
Concept in theoretical computer science
under complementation. In contrast, there are pushdown automata that do not have a complement pushdown automaton. Decidability: Is there an algorithm
Complementation_of_automata
Mathematical model of computation
system Control table Decision tables DEVS Hidden Markov model Petri net Pushdown automaton Quantum finite automaton SCXML Semiautomaton Semigroup action
Finite-state_machine
stack automata. Nested stack automata should not be confused with embedded pushdown automata, which have less computational power.[citation needed] A (nondeterministic
Nested_stack_automaton
Military forces of the Russian Federation
is no "requisition and receive" in the Russian logistics system, but a "pushdown" where a higher unit determines the amount and delivery of supplies based
Russian_Armed_Forces
Free and open-source object relational database management system
support, PostgreSQL foreign data wrapper (FDW) improvements with sort/join pushdown, multiple synchronous standbys, faster vacuuming of large table 10 2017-10-05
PostgreSQL
Symbols for constants, special functions
of a metric connection the stack alphabet in the formal definition of a pushdown automaton, or the tape-alphabet in the formal definition of a Turing machine
Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering
Greek_letters_used_in_mathematics,_science,_and_engineering
American computer scientist
context-free grammars, in 1965, she also investigated properties of W-grammars, pushdown automata, and decidability problems. Greibach earned an A.B. degree (summa
Sheila_Greibach
Type of formal grammar
Aizikowitz and Kaminski introduced a new class of pushdown automata (PDA) called synchronized alternating pushdown automata (SAPDA). They proved it to be equivalent
Conjunctive_grammar
Computational complexity class
is the set of decision problems solvable by nondeterministic auxiliary pushdown automata in log space and polynomial time. List of complexity classes Hemaspaandra
LOGCFL
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
still not Turing-complete extension of finite automata is the category of pushdown automata and context-free grammars, which are commonly used to generate
Turing_completeness
Form of source code, without regard to meaning
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 0-201-65697-3. Michael Sipser (1997). "2.2 Pushdown Automata". Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. pp
Syntax (programming languages)
Syntax_(programming_languages)
Exercise = Physical activity that improves health
Squat (c) Triceps (back of upper arms) Close-grip bench press (c) Dips (c) Pushdown (i) Triceps extension (i) A form of exercise consisting of a variety of
Outline_of_exercise
Finnish Canadian theoretical computer scientist
Okhotin, Alexander; Salomaa, Kai (2014). "Complexity of input-driven pushdown automata". ACM SIGACT News. 45 (2): 47–67. doi:10.1145/2636805.2636821
Kai_Salomaa
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Growing context-sensitive grammar
Growing_context-sensitive_grammar
4-bit microprocessor introduced in 1974 by Intel
instructions from the original 46. Additionally, the internal register file and pushdown stack were expanded to support rapid interrupt processing. The 4004 was
Intel_4040
Sequence that reads the same forwards and backwards
the set of palindromes may not be reliably tested by a deterministic pushdown automaton which also means that they are not LR(k)-parsable or LL(k)-parsable
Palindrome
Rule system for formal languages
CFG G, such that L = L ( G ) {\displaystyle L=L(G)} . Non-deterministic pushdown automata recognize exactly the context-free languages. The grammar G =
Context-free_grammar
Football league season
arrastres por los descensos de Segunda RFEF a Tercera RFEF" [All the pushdowns due to the relegations from Segunda RFEF to Tercera RFEF] (in Spanish)
2022–23_Tercera_Federación
Topics referred to by the same term
panty line, visible underwear beneath somebody's outer clothing Visibly pushdown language, a kind of formal language ViRC Programming Language, a programming
VPL
context-free languages which can be efficiently parsed by deterministic pushdown automata. This table compares parser generators with parsing expression
Comparison of parser generators
Comparison_of_parser_generators
Computational problems no algorithm can solve
decremented, and tested for zero. Universality of a nondeterministic pushdown automaton: determining whether all words are accepted. Conway's Game of
List_of_undecidable_problems
Computation model, equivalent to Turing machines
retrieve data from an infinite-memory queue. Its design is similar to a pushdown automaton but differs by replacing the stack with this queue. A queue machine
Queue_automaton
the pushdown automaton makes a non-deterministic choice to either ignore the configuration or read it completely onto the stack. If the pushdown automaton
Computation_history
Class of artificial neural network
amounts of each memory address and a record of chronology. Neural network pushdown automata (NNPDA) are similar to NTMs, but tapes are replaced by analog
Recurrent_neural_network
B5000 were stack machines, which allowed for simpler programming. These pushdown automatons were also implemented in minicomputers and microprocessors later
History_of_computing_hardware
Topics referred to by the same term
conducting polymers Predictive analytics, a form of business analytics Pushdown automaton, in automata theory Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the main
PDA
Computer science award
2002 Géraud Sénizergues for proving that equivalence of deterministic pushdown automata is decidable 2001 2003 Yoav Freund and Robert Schapire for the
Gödel_Prize
Football league season
arrastres por los descensos de Segunda RFEF a Tercera RFEF" [All the pushdowns due to the relegations from Segunda RFEF to Tercera RFEF] (in Spanish)
2025–26_Tercera_Federación
Topics referred to by the same term
Payments Interface Virtual personal assistant, a software agent Visibly pushdown automaton, an automaton model in computer science Voluntary Partnership
VPA
Open problem in computer science
Cassaigne and Marion Le Gonidec to sequences generated by deterministic pushdown automata. Hartmanis, Juris; Stearns, Richard E. (1965). "On the computational
Hartmanis–Stearns_conjecture
Complexity class
the strict subset of context-free languages recognized by deterministic pushdown automata, is contained in SC, as shown by Cook in 1979. It is open if all
SC_(complexity)
essential part of Tomita's algorithm, where it replaces the usual stack of a pushdown automaton. This allows the algorithm to encode the nondeterministic choices
Graph-structured_stack
Type of advertising
× 50 32:5 16,000 Leaderboard 728 × 90 364∶45 65,520 Super Leaderboard/Pushdown 970 × 90 97:9 87,300 Portrait 3: 300 × 1050 2:7 315,000 Skyscraper 160
Web_banner
Type of context-free grammar
it. Deterministic context-free grammars are accepted by deterministic pushdown automata and can be parsed in linear time, for example by an LR parser
Ambiguous_grammar
Topics referred to by the same term
of a computer program Stack machine, an architecture centered around a pushdown stack Protocol stack, a particular software implementation of a computer
Stack
Finite-state machine with fifo buffers for memory
systems communicating with each other. A channel system is similar to a pushdown automaton where a queue is used instead of a stack. Those queues are called
Channel system (computer science)
Channel_system_(computer_science)
29, 2023 978-1-63858-830-6 100. "Wheelbarrow" (手押し車, Teoshi-sha) 101. "Pushdowns" (プッシュダウン, Pusshu Daun) 102. "Shadowboxing" (シャドーボクシング, Shadōbokushingu)
List of How Heavy Are the Dumbbells You Lift? chapters
List_of_How_Heavy_Are_the_Dumbbells_You_Lift?_chapters
Algebraic ring that need not have additive negative elements
ISBN 978-3-540-85779-2. Zbl 1161.68598. Kuich, Werner (2011). "Algebraic systems and pushdown automata". In Kuich, Werner (ed.). Algebraic foundations in computer science
Semiring
Theory of relational databases
Book ′ )} which is exactly the calculus expression. Property C: Selection pushdown is valid Because selection only references T.BookTitle, we can rewrite:
Relational_calculus
Type of advertising
Smartphone Banner 300 x 50、320 x 50 Leaderboard 728 x 90 Super Leaderboard/Pushdown 970 x 90 Portrait 300 x 1050 Skyscraper 160 x 600 Medium Rectangle 300
Digital_display_advertising
pp. 6–24. — Proceedings as E-Book — (1962). Context-Free Grammars and Pushdown Storage (Technical report). M.I.T. Research Laboratory of Electronics.
Noam Chomsky bibliography and filmography
Noam_Chomsky_bibliography_and_filmography
Topics referred to by the same term
theory, in particular: Nondeterministic Turing machine Nondeterministic pushdown automaton Nondeterministic finite automaton This disambiguation page lists
Epsilon_transition
Topics referred to by the same term
to identify, locate, manipulate, format and present data Deterministic pushdown automaton Differential power analysis, a cryptographic attack Pokémon Diamond
DPA
Programming language – Prolog – PSPACE-complete – Pulse-code modulation (PCM) – Pushdown automaton – Python QuarkXPress – QuickTime – QWERTY R (programming language)
Index_of_computing_articles
%PUSH, %POP save and restore the current status of %PRINT/%NOPRINT on a pushdown stack and restore it, respectively. The preprocessor operates by scanning
PL/I_preprocessor
Ahmed Bouajjani, Javier Esparza & Oded Maler: "Reachability Analysis of Pushdown Automata: Application to Model-checking" (CONCUR 1997) Uwe Nestmann & Benjamin
International Conference on Concurrency Theory
International_Conference_on_Concurrency_Theory
Grammar formalism
of languages that TAGs can generate may be represented by an embedded pushdown automaton. Tree-adjoining grammars are often described as mildly context-sensitive
Tree-adjoining_grammar
French computer scientist
won the 2002 Gödel Prize "for proving that equivalence of deterministic pushdown automata is decidable". In 2003 he was awarded with the Gay-Lussac Humboldt
Géraud_Sénizergues
theorem Regular expression Regular grammar Prefix grammar Tree automaton Pushdown automaton Context-free grammar Büchi automaton Chomsky hierarchy Context-sensitive
List of computability and complexity topics
List_of_computability_and_complexity_topics
of deterministic context-free languages, and strictly contains visibly pushdown languages. Operator-precedence languages enjoy many closure properties:
Operator-precedence_grammar
American computer scientist
from. Baker, Brenda S.; Book, Ronald V. (1972), "Reversal-bounded multi-pushdown machines", Conference Record of 13th Annual Symposium on Switching and
Brenda_Baker
American computer scientist
Jim Gray; Michael A. Harrison; Oscar H. Ibarra (1967). "Two-Way Pushdown Automata". Information and Control. 11 (1–2): 30–70. doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(67)90369-5
Michael_A._Harrison
states in finite time. For several important families of systems such as pushdown systems, channel systems or counter systems, subclasses amenable to so-called
Widening_(computer_science)
System for managing connected databases
DB2 and Federated Databases Issues of where to perform the join aka "pushdown" and other performance characteristics Worked example federating Oracle
Federated_database_system
Football league season
arrastres por los descensos de Segunda RFEF a Tercera RFEF" [All the pushdowns due to the relegations from Segunda RFEF to Tercera RFEF] (in Spanish)
2024–25_Tercera_Federación
Concept in generalized context free grammar
restricted Tree stack automaton Embedded pushdown Nondeterministic pushdown Deterministic pushdown Visibly pushdown Finite Counter-free (with aperiodic finite
Head_grammar
Top-down parser that parses input from left to right
two derivations of different words. The LL(k) parser is a deterministic pushdown automaton with the ability to peek on the next k input symbols without
LL_parser
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Carefree Warrior
Boy/Male
Tamil
Artatrana | à®…à®°à¯à®¤à®¾à®¤à¯à®°à®¨à®¾
Other name of jaganath
Boy/Male
British, English
Fern Meadow
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Honor Respect
Male
Danish
, kettle, cauldron.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Chelsea, CHELSIE means "landing place" or "landing port."
Boy/Male
Indian, Malayalam
Something Special
Biblical
grace; quiet; rest
Boy/Male
Teutonic American Shakespearean German
Intelligent.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Vishnu / Shiva
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN
PUSHDOWN