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Design guideline for software
In computing, the robustness principle is a design guideline for software that states: "be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from
Robustness_principle
Concept in object-oriented programming
hiding. SOLID – the "O" in "SOLID" represents the open–closed principle Robustness principle Meyer, Bertrand (1988). Object-Oriented Software Construction
Open–closed_principle
Type of design interoperability
the standards. Forward-compatible design is closely related to the robustness principle articulated by Jon Postel in RFC 761 (January 1980): "be conservative
Forward_compatibility
Ability of a system to resist change without adapting its initial stable configuration
Look up robustness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Systems science portal Fault-tolerant system Resilience (disambiguation) Robustness principle Wieland
Robustness
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
computer science, robustness is the ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution and cope with erroneous input. Robustness can encompass
Robustness_(computer_science)
Computer programming principle
The single-responsibility principle (SRP) is a computer programming principle that states that "A module should be responsible to one, and only one, actor
Single-responsibility principle
Single-responsibility_principle
Type of statistics
this is a minority usage. Plain 'robustness' to mean 'distributional robustness' is common. When considering how robust an estimator is to the presence
Robust_statistics
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
In cosmology and philosophy of science, the anthropic principle (also known as the observation selection effect) is the proposition that the range of
Anthropic_principle
Highest layer in network protocol models
original specification (in RFC 1123) does rely on and recommend the robustness principle for application design. In the OSI model, the definition of the application
Application_layer
Group of internetworking methods in the TCP/IP suite
IP-based packets. A common design aspect in the internet layer is the robustness principle: "Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send"
Internet_layer
Principle of software development
"Don't repeat yourself" (DRY) is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of information which is likely to change, replacing
Don't_repeat_yourself
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
content caches and the like have forced changes in this principle. The robustness principle states: "In general, an implementation must be conservative
Internet_protocol_suite
Principle of circuitry
input thresholds VIH (input high) and VIL (input low), satisfy a robustness principle such that VOL < VIL < VIH < VOH with sufficient noise margins in
Static_discipline
American computer scientist and Internet pioneer (1943–1998)
Perhaps his most famous legacy is from RFC 760, which includes a robustness principle often called Postel's law: "an implementation should be conservative
Jon_Postel
Open–closed principle Package principles Pareto principle Parkinson's law Principle of least astonishment (POLA) Release early, release often Robustness principle
List of software development philosophies
List_of_software_development_philosophies
Philosophical problem-solving principle
problem-solving principle that recommends searching for explanations constructed with the smallest possible set of elements. It is also known as the principle of parsimony
Occam's_razor
Technical publications related to development of precursors of the modern Internet
BBN, NDRE, among others. Key networking principles, such as the robustness principle, were defined during the IEN work. History of the Internet International
Internet_Experiment_Note
Software programming object-oriented design methodology
the dependency inversion principle is a specific methodology for loosely coupled software modules. When following this principle, the conventional dependency
Dependency inversion principle
Dependency_inversion_principle
Programming language concept
wherever a cat -> animal was expected. (One can compare this to the robustness principle of communication: "be liberal in what you accept and conservative
Type_variance
Reduction in the flexibility of network protocol design due to middleboxes
Forward compatibility Interoperability Hyrum's law Network effect Robustness principle Vendor lock-in Ammar 2018, p. 57-58. Ammar 2018, p. 59. Raiciu et
Protocol_ossification
Lithium-ion battery using a polymer electrolyte
A lithium polymer battery, or more correctly, lithium-ion polymer battery (abbreviated as LiPo, LIP, Li-poly, lithium-poly, and others), is a rechargeable
Lithium_polymer_battery
Architectural concept used in software design
the different categories of classes in order to ensure the robustness of the design. Robustness diagrams allow to visually represent the relation between
Entity–control–boundary
Use of encoding systems for international characters in HTML
which encoding to apply to the document, in accordance with the robustness principle. The WHATWG Encoding Standard, referenced by both standards, specifies
Character_encodings_in_HTML
Protocol for transferring short messages
and interoperability any implementation should apply the Internet robustness principle: ″Be conservative in what you send, be liberal in what you accept″
Short_Message_Peer-to-Peer
Decision rule used for minimizing the possible loss for a worst-case scenario
where he refers to it in the context of The Difference Principle. Rawls defined this principle as the rule which states that social and economic inequalities
Minimax
Approach to controller design that explicitly deals with uncertainty
stability and performance under uncertainty is referred to as robustness. The term robust control refers to the study of feedback regulation that began
Robust_control
Method of data analysis
recently proposed generalization of PCA based on a weighted PCA increases robustness by assigning different weights to data objects based on their estimated
Principal_component_analysis
Phonological principle observed in many languages
perceptual robustness, a stranded consonant (one without a flanking vowel, liquid, or glide) is dispreferred unless it has sufficiently robust internal
Sonority_sequencing_principle
Approach to optimizing robustness to failure
info-gap robustness curves to select among management options for spruce-budworm populations in Eastern Canada. Burgman uses the fact that the robustness curves
Info-gap_decision_theory
Ability of a complex network to withstand failures and perturbations
including complex networks. The study of robustness in complex networks is important for many fields. In ecology, robustness is an important attribute of ecosystems
Robustness of complex networks
Robustness_of_complex_networks
Phenomenon observed in the study of Artificial Neural Networks
the frequency principle (F-Principle) by Zhi-Qin John Xu et al. or spectral bias by Nasim Rahaman et al. The F-Principle can be robustly observed in DNNs
Frequency principle/spectral bias
Frequency_principle/spectral_bias
Assumption that natural laws are constant through time and space
Uniformitarianism, also known as the Doctrine of Uniformity or the Uniformitarian Principle, is the assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate
Uniformitarianism
Psychological phenomenon
In social psychology, this effect is sometimes called the familiarity principle. The effect has been demonstrated with many kinds of things, including
Mere-exposure_effect
Artificial intelligence field of study
behave as intended), monitoring AI systems for risks, and enhancing their robustness. The field is particularly concerned with existential risks posed by advanced
AI_safety
Type of sensitivity analysis
Bayesian optimal decisions. Robust Bayesian analysis, also called Bayesian sensitivity analysis, investigates the robustness of answers from a Bayesian
Robust_Bayesian_analysis
Process in biology
situated agents for behavioural robustness. BioSystems 106, pp. 94–110. Fernandez-Leon, J.A. (2011). Behavioural robustness: a link between distributed mechanisms
Degeneracy_(biology)
Software development methodology
Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78728-661-0. Gallaba, Keheliya (2019). "Improving the Robustness and Efficiency of Continuous Integration and Deployment". 2019 IEEE International
CI/CD
Software design pattern
inner rings for use cases and entities. The clean architecture uses the principle of dependency inversion with the strict rule that dependencies shall only
Hexagonal architecture (software)
Hexagonal_architecture_(software)
Measure of the joint variability
loss function Efficiency Statistical distance divergence Asymptotics Robustness (Sensitivity analysis) Frequentist inference Point estimation Estimating
Covariance
Measure in human-computer interaction
elasticity and message driven. It is one of the criteria under the principle of robustness. The other three are observability, recoverability, and task conformance
Responsiveness
Branch of engineering and mathematics
were fairly robust; the state-space methods invented in the 1960s and 1970s were sometimes found to lack robustness. Examples of modern robust control techniques
Control_theory
Ability of a person to regulate itself with the use of reason
Pratt. In accounting, prudence was historically regarded as a fundamental principle for determining the appropriate timing of revenue recognition. The rule
Prudence
Instrument used for measuring ionizing radiation
counter is only one specific type of dosimeter. The original detection principle was realized in 1908 at the University of Manchester, but it was not until
Geiger_counter
Standard, doctrine or system of conduct
of the cognitive science society, 2009. Kaznatcheev, A. (2010, March). Robustness of ethnocentrism to changes in inter-personal interactions Archived 2013-12-04
Morality
Standards of what ought to be
premises. It is controversial whether this type of proof can be valid in principle. Critics argue that normative knowledge belongs to a different domain
Normativity
Property of a statement that can be logically contradicted
independent attempts to replicate findings, which directly tests the robustness and potential falsity of previous results and help contribute to reduce
Falsifiability
Law created by judicial precedent
to apply in deciding each new case. Common law is deeply rooted in the principle of stare decisis ("to stand by [things] decided"), where courts follow
Common_law
Non-probabilistic decision-making model
problems of this type appear in robustness analysis. It has been shown that the radius of stability model and info-gap's robustness model are simple instances
Wald's_maximin_model
Legal principle that one is presumed innocent until proven guilty
The presumption of innocence is a legal principle that every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty. Under the presumption
Presumption_of_innocence
Risk management framework
Grievance Mechanism Principle 7: Independent Review Principle 8: Covenants Principle 9: Independent Monitoring and Reporting Principle 10: Reporting and
Equator_Principles
Industrial machine
specifically for use on uneven ground. They are made using heavy-duty frames and robust pneumatic tyres so that they can be manoeuvred over rough surfaces with
Pallet_jack
Theorized increase of longevity with age
the additional life expectancy. This is an indicator of some robustness. The robustness of an item is proportional to its life! According to Taleb, Mandelbrot
Lindy_effect
better scalability with respect to information/bandwidth demand and better robustness in challenging communication scenarios. In information-centric networking
Information-centric networking
Information-centric_networking
Plumbing fitting
the pipe heating up to allow soldering. Compression fittings are not as robust as soldered fittings. Compression fittings are typically used in applications
Compression_fitting
Model selection principle
Minimum description length (MDL) is a model selection principle where the shortest description of the data is judged to be the best model. MDL methods
Minimum_description_length
Equivalence of average-case and expected complexity
In computational complexity theory, Yao's principle (also called Yao's minimax principle or Yao's lemma) relates the performance of randomized algorithms
Yao's_principle
Scientific hypothesis about Earth
(/ˈɡaɪ.ə/), also known as the Gaia theory, Gaia paradigm, or the Gaia principle, proposes that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings
Gaia_hypothesis
Principle of quantum mechanics
Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are
Quantum_superposition
Advanced method of process control
doi:10.1109/9.704989. Nevistić, Vesna; Morari, Manfred (1996-06-01). "Robustness of MPC-Based Schemes for Constrained Control of Nonlinear Systems". IFAC
Model_predictive_control
Process of layering steel or iron with zinc to prevent rusting
levels of sulfur dioxide in the air. Hot-dip galvanizing deposits a thick, robust layer of zinc iron alloys on the surface of a steel item. The hot-dip process
Galvanization
Lower relative opportunity cost in producing a good
Comparative advantage is an economic principle that explains why people, firms, and countries can often benefit from trade even when one party is more
Comparative_advantage
Process of making something random
burden associated to robust control techniques: a sample of values of the uncertainty parameters is randomly drawn and robustness is enforced for these
Randomization
Type of radio design
Institution of Radio Engineers, April 1954 U.S. patent 706,740, "Wireless Signaling" (heterodyne principle) – 12 August 1902 - by Reginald Fessenden
Direct-conversion_receiver
Statistical test
1983 (Cook–Weisberg test). Derived from the Lagrange multiplier test principle, it tests whether the variance of the errors from a regression is dependent
Breusch–Pagan_test
Signal processing technique
rejected. Heterodyning is not limited to radio frequencies; the same principle applies across the electromagnetic spectrum, including infrared and optical
Heterodyne
Type of gas detector
Fill gas Window material Comments 11.7 eV Ar LiF Short-lived 10.6 eV Kr MgF2 Most robust 10.2 eV H2 MgF2 10.0 eV Kr CaF2 9.6 eV Xe BaF2 8.4 eV Xe Al2O3
Photoionization_detector
Model for the origin of the universe
Big Bounce has still to be demonstrated from loop quantum gravity, the robustness of its main features has been confirmed using exact results and several
Big_Bounce
Problem-solving method
certain elements of a related type of reasoning, namely that found in robustness analysis. Schoemaker, Paul (1991). "The quest for optimality: A positive
Heuristic
Aspect of software design
services exhibit contrasting characteristics. They generally provide higher robustness and reliability by minimizing communication overhead and coordination
Service_granularity_principle
Tian, Yue Liu, Liming Dai, Yanqing Yang & Zhenhai Xia (20 November 2015). "Robust self-cleaning and micromanipulation capabilities of gecko spatulae and their
Sticky_pad
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
geodesic principle can be recovered as theorem in general relativity, it is not a consequence of Einstein's equation (or the conservation principle) alone
Albert_Einstein
Meter used to measure water current velocities
pulse and is referred to as "incoherent" or "narrowband". The method is robust and provides good quality mean current profiles but has limited space-time
Acoustic Doppler current profiler
Acoustic_Doppler_current_profiler
Statistical method for fitting a line
"simplicity in computation, analytical estimates of confidence intervals, robustness to outliers, testable assumptions regarding residuals and ... limited
Theil–Sen_estimator
Encoding method
failure. The Reed-Solomon encoding produces a storage coding system which robust to the simultaneous failure of any subset of m nodes. To do this, we adding
Binary_Reed–Solomon_encoding
Teleprinter commonly used 1930s–1980s
narrow band communication program that makes use of the Hellschreiber principle – requiring that the transmitter and receiver both use the same column-scan
Hellschreiber
Authentication framework and software API
significant security benefits, notably improved fail-safeness of software, and robustness against malicious and accidental software bugs. Name Service Switch Niels
BSD_Authentication
Approximation method in statistics
loss function Efficiency Statistical distance divergence Asymptotics Robustness (Sensitivity analysis) Frequentist inference Point estimation Estimating
Least_squares
Principle of social research
Principle of good enough (often referred to as the "good enough" principle) is a heuristic and product philosophy in software engineering, systems design
Principle_of_good_enough
Capacity of ecosystems to resist and recover from change
differentiation Ontogenetic niche shift Other networks Assembly rules Bateman's principle Bioluminescence Ecological collapse Ecological debt Ecological deficit
Ecological_resilience
Military strategy
impacts of the failure. Defence-in-depth is required to guarantee the robustness of vital systems, e.g. in nuclear technologies and for aerospace systems
Defence_in_depth
Ability to easily switch cryptographic primitives
development of a conceptual framework for agility as a generalized design principle applicable to hardware systems and extending beyond cryptography. The
Cryptographic_agility
correctness, utilizing the online TALQ certification tool (TCT) to ensure robust implementation. To use the TCT and receive certifications, vendors have
TALQ_Protocol
Form of an electrical aerosol instrument used in aerosol studies
secondary electron multipliers. The advantage of the Faraday cup is its robustness and the possibility to measure the ion or electron stream absolutely.
Faraday_cup_electrometer
Numerical method for solving physical or engineering problems
minimize the complexity of mesh generation, while retaining the accuracy and robustness of a standard finite element method." The generalized finite element method
Finite_element_method
Learning strategy
principles: graduated interval recall, principle of anticipation, core vocabulary, and organic learning. The principle of graduated interval recall is based
Distributed_practice
Probabilistic optimal control
Control theory Multiplier uncertainty Stochastic scheduling Separation principle in stochastic control Definition from Answers.com Chow, Gregory P. (1976)
Stochastic_control
Gravitational-wave detector in Italy
with an amplification stage also made of fibres, to improve the system's robustness; its final configuration is planned to combine the light of two lasers
Virgo_interferometer
Technique
Computing (UbiComp 2008), pages 84–93, ACM Press, 2008 Bulling, A. et al.: Robust Recognition of Reading Activity in Transit Using Wearable Electrooculography
Electrooculography
Medical condition caused by receiving too little or too many nutrients
Retrieved April 29, 2026. Malthus TR, Appleman P (1976). An essay on the principle of population: text, sources and background, criticism. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-09202-8
Malnutrition
2008 film by Martin McDonagh
and in sustaining a writing voice that roars with a particularly Irish robustness of obscenity." She also added that "neither star is sloppy, but both are
In_Bruges
Energy storage technique
with other superconducting applications, cryogenics are a necessity. A robust mechanical structure is usually required to contain the very large Lorentz
Superconducting magnetic energy storage
Superconducting_magnetic_energy_storage
Israeli general and politician (born 1960)
Erez (2022). "Israel's inter-war campaigns doctrine: From opportunism to principle". Journal of Strategic Studies. 46 (2): 293–318. doi:10.1080/01402390
Gadi_Eisenkot
Method for refining substances based on differences in their solubility
composition than the remaining liquid. This is the fundamental physical principle behind the melt fractionating process and quite comparable to distillation
Fractional crystallization (chemistry)
Fractional_crystallization_(chemistry)
when it was replaced with the FeTAp 611. Because of its former ubiquity, robustness, and elegant industrial design it is regarded in Germany as the classic
W48_(telephone)
Principle of computer program design
In computer science, information hiding is the principle of segregation of the design decisions in a computer program that are most likely to change,
Information_hiding
Linear optimal control technique
controller. LQG optimality does not automatically ensure good robustness properties. The robust stability of the closed loop system must be checked separately
Linear–quadratic–Gaussian control
Linear–quadratic–Gaussian_control
Class of plastics
The research group led by Ludwik Leibler demonstrated the operating principle of vitrimers at the example of epoxy thermosets. Epoxy thermosets can
Vitrimers
Study of DNA modifications that do not change its sequence
to the maintenance and transmission of methylated DNA states, the same principle could work in the maintenance and transmission of histone modifications
Epigenetics
Method of 3D reconstruction from moving objects
this orientation. Another common feature detector is the SURF (speeded-up robust features). In SURF, the DOG is replaced with a Hessian matrix-based blob
Structure_from_motion
Device using focused sound to evaluate an object
Djuric-Rissner, Tatjana (November 2019). "Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM): A Robust Method for Defect Detection during the Manufacturing Process of Ultrasound
Scanning_acoustic_microscope
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