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Software exhibits scalable parallelism if it can make use of added processors to solve larger problems, i.e., this term refers to software for which Gustafson's
Scalable_parallelism
Parallelization across multiple processors in parallel computing environments
message Instruction level parallelism Parallel programming model Prefix sum Scalable parallelism Segmented scan Thread level parallelism Some input data (e.g
Data_parallelism
C++ programming library
concurrent_map, concurrent_set Memory allocation: scalable_malloc, scalable_free, scalable_realloc, scalable_calloc, scalable_allocator, cache_aligned_allocator Mutual
Threading_Building_Blocks
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but has gained
Parallel_computing
principle, simultaneously produce scalable locality and scalable parallelism. David Wonnacott. Achieving Scalable Locality with Time Skewing. International
Scalable_locality
Measure of the amount of work needed to perform a computing task
task, parallelism can be classified into three categories: fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained parallelism. In fine-grained parallelism, a program
Granularity (parallel computing)
Granularity_(parallel_computing)
Theoretical speedup formula in computer architecture
research and development at the hardware and system software levels. Scalable parallelism Parkinson's law Jevons paradox McCool, Michael D.; Robison, Arch
Gustafson's_law
Central computer component that executes instructions
CPUs devote a lot of semiconductor area to caches and instruction-level parallelism to increase performance and to CPU modes to support operating systems
Central_processing_unit
64-bit extension of the ARM architecture
also adds: Scalable Vector Extension 2 (SVE2). SVE2 builds on SVE's scalable vectorization for increased fine-grain Data Level Parallelism (DLP) to allow
AArch64
Ability of computer instructions to be executed simultaneously with correct results
Instruction-level parallelism (ILP) is the parallel or simultaneous execution of a sequence of instructions in a computer program. More specifically,
Instruction-level_parallelism
Concurrent data structure
Yerushalmi, L., 2004, June. A scalable lock-free stack algorithm. In Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on Parallelism in algorithms and architectures
Treiber_stack
Collusion between competitors
There are two types of tacit collusion: concerted action and conscious parallelism. In a concerted action, also known as concerted activity, competitors
Tacit_collusion
Form of parallel computing
Bit-level parallelism is a form of parallel computing based on increasing processor word size. Increasing the word size reduces the number of instructions
Bit-level_parallelism
Array of processing elements specialized for parallelizable workloads
consumption of running very large kernels through the exploitation of scalable parallelism and data reuse. Consider a kernel, i.e. a function to be applied
Spatial_architecture
Increasing execution speed and reducing the overheads associated with loops
this writing (2010). Loop nest optimization Polytope model Scalable parallelism Scalable locality In the book Reasoning About Program Transformations
Loop_optimization
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
with a quantum state in superposition, sometimes referred to as quantum parallelism. Peter Shor built on these results in 1994 with polynomial-time quantum
Quantum_computing
Open-source data analytics cluster computing framework
analytics engine for large-scale data processing. Spark provides an interface for programming clusters with implicit data parallelism and fault tolerance. Originally
Apache_Spark
Music theory of harmony
harmony in sub-Saharan African music based on the principles of homophonic parallelism (chords based around a leading melody that follow its rhythm and contour)
Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony
Traditional_sub-Saharan_African_harmony
Hogel processing unit (HPU) is a computation for rendering hogels. HPU parallelism Since many (possibly hundreds) HPUs would be required to drive a single
Hogel_processing_unit
Fortran parallel programming extension
Reliance on named critical sections for mutual exclusion hinders scalable parallelism by associating mutual exclusion with code regions rather than data
Coarray_Fortran
Set of computers configured in a distributed computing system
Committee on Scalable Computing (TCSC) Reliable Scalable Cluster Technology, IBM[link removed] Tivoli System Automation Wiki Large-scale cluster management
Computer_cluster
Tool to convert sequential code to parallel
Compiler Scalable parallelism SequenceL Binary Modular Dataflow Machine (BMDFM) “Increasing Parallelism on Multicore Processors Using Induced Parallelism”, by
Automatic parallelization tool
Automatic_parallelization_tool
Physical components of a computer
able to implement data parallelism, thread-level parallelism and request-level parallelism (both implementing task-level parallelism). Microarchitecture
Computer_hardware
Computer architecture to aid parallelism
of instruction set architecture designed to exploit instruction-level parallelism (ILP) by explicitly specifying, in advance, which instructions execute
Very_long_instruction_word
Chinese artificial intelligence company
needed] HaiScale Distributed Data Parallel (DDP): Parallel training library that implements various forms of parallelism such as data parallelism (DP), pipeline
DeepSeek
Dataflow-based graph execution model.
"hyperblock". Hyperblocks are designed to be able to easily run in parallel. Parallelism of modern CPU designs generally starts to plateau at about eight internal
Explicit_data_graph_execution
Type of program in computer graphics
notably the distance from the viewing camera to allow active level-of-detail scaling. This allows objects close to the camera to have fine detail, while further
Shader
British-born Nigerian computer scientist
Science at Stanford University and the director of the Stanford Pervasive Parallelism Lab. Olukotun is known as the “father of the multi-core processor”, and
Kunle_Olukotun
Message-passing system for parallel computers
parallel software industry, and encouraged development of portable and scalable large-scale parallel applications. The message passing interface effort began
Message_Passing_Interface
Piano composition by Claude Debussy
Impressionist period called parallelism. There are two methods of parallelism in music; exact and inexact. Inexact parallelism allows the quality of the
La_cathédrale_engloutie
Image dataset
"GPipe: Efficient Training of Giant Neural Networks using Pipeline Parallelism". arXiv:1811.06965 [cs.CV]. Kabir, Hussain (2023-05-05). "Reduction of
CIFAR-10
Class of parallel computing applications
parallelism to be scaled with the volume of data. The most important reason for developing data-parallel applications is the potential for scalable performance
Data-intensive_computing
End-to-end testing framework
June 2023. "Library". Playwright. Microsoft. Retrieved 1 June 2023. "Parallelism and sharding". Playwright. Microsoft. Retrieved 1 June 2023. Attam, Arjun
Playwright_(software)
Open standard for parallelizing
Interface (MPI), such that OpenMP is used for parallelism within a (multi-core) node while MPI is used for parallelism between nodes. There have also been efforts
OpenMP
Electronic communication subsystem on an integrated circuit
links of the network-on-chip are shared by many signals. A high level of parallelism is achieved, because all data links in the NoC can operate simultaneously
Network_on_a_chip
loop nest, and transform this code to simultaneously exploit scalable parallelism and scalable locality. A re-cap here, of the two approaches on this example
Frameworks supporting the polyhedral model
Frameworks_supporting_the_polyhedral_model
Executing several computations during overlapping time periods
which can use parallelism or time-slicing to perform these tasks. Programs may exhibit parallelism only, concurrency only, both parallelism and concurrency
Concurrent_computing
Multi-paradigm system programming language
import std.parallelism : taskPool; /* On Intel i7-3930X and gdc 9.3.0: * 5140ms using std.algorithm.reduce * 888ms using std.parallelism.taskPool.reduce
D_(programming_language)
Triangle in hyperbolic geometry
an ideal point, one angle is right: the third angle is the angle of parallelism for the length of the side between the right and the third angle. The
Hyperbolic_triangle
Software that systematically browses the World Wide Web
crawler allowing massive collection with high scalability Apache Nutch is a highly extensible and scalable web crawler written in Java and released under
Web_crawler
Interatomic potentials constructed by machine learning programs
triplets or quadruplets of atoms, making it difficult to scale model size. Graph Parallelism, introduced by Sriram et al. (ICLR 2022), addressed this
Machine-learned interatomic potential
Machine-learned_interatomic_potential
Swiss painter (1853–1918)
style. Later, he adopted a personal form of Symbolism which he called "parallelism". Hodler was born in Bern, the eldest of six children. His father, Johannes
Ferdinand_Hodler
structures and routines developed by Argonne National Laboratory for the scalable (parallel) solution of scientific applications modeled by partial differential
Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation
Portable,_Extensible_Toolkit_for_Scientific_Computation
Division of the year
hours in a given region. On Earth, seasons are the result of the axial parallelism of Earth's tilted orbit around the Sun. In temperate and polar regions
Season
Extending compassion to one's self in instances of suffering or failure
of different scales in questionnaire form. They were as follows: The 26-item Self-Compassion Scale, the 10-item Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, the 10-item
Self-compassion
Geometric transformation that preserves lines but not angles nor the origin
"connected with") is a geometric transformation that preserves lines and parallelism, but not necessarily Euclidean distances and angles. More generally,
Affine_transformation
Relational database management system
Version 10: 2006 – renamed SQL Anywhere (high availability, intra-query parallelism, materialized views) Version 11: 2008 (full text search, BlackBerry support)
SQL_Anywhere
Type of parallel processing
should not be confused with an ISA. Such machines exploit data level parallelism, but not concurrency: there are simultaneous (parallel) computations
Single instruction, multiple data
Single_instruction,_multiple_data
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
Model parallelism divides a model itself across devices. Tensor parallelism splits operations within individual layers, while pipeline parallelism assigns
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Formula in computer architecture
s)=(1−p)TO+psT. It follows from Amdahl's law that the speedup due to parallelism is given by Slatency(O,s)=T(O)T(O,s)=(1−p)1O+p1−pO+ps. When s=1, we have
Amdahl's_law
Design of high-performance computers
pioneered by Seymour Cray relied on compact innovative designs and local parallelism to achieve superior computational peak performance. However, in time
Supercomputer_architecture
Interface used for connecting storage devices
interface, has been designed to capitalize on the low latency and internal parallelism of solid-state storage devices. Architecturally, the logic for NVMe is
NVM_Express
Low-latency video compression standard
degree of parallelism is available in the implementation. For instance, a multi-core CPU implementation will leverage coarse-grained parallelism, while a
JPEG_XS
Species of carnivore
endemic canids: a history of rapid diversification and morphological parallelism". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 23 (2): 311–322. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101
Maned_wolf
Procedure in computing
processes on a graph, and trying to reduce the graph making maximum use of parallelism, and making "chains" of consecutive processing as short as possible.
Extract,_transform,_load
AMD neural processing unit microarchitecture
parallel with minimal external memory access. This design leverages parallelism and data locality to optimize performance and power efficiency. Each
AMD_XDNA
Software library for numerical linear algebra
caches on modern cache-based architectures and the instruction-level parallelism of modern superscalar processors, and thus can run orders of magnitude
LAPACK
Open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
whether other systems of equal complexity lack such features. The massive parallelism of neural networks allows redundant populations of neurons to mediate
Mind–body_problem
Microarchitecture by AMD
modules as their predecessors, while aiming at achieving greater levels of parallelism. Steamroller still features two-core modules found in Bulldozer and Piledriver
Steamroller (microarchitecture)
Steamroller_(microarchitecture)
Parallel programming model
In computing, algorithmic skeletons, or parallelism patterns, are a high-level parallel programming model for parallel and distributed computing. Algorithmic
Algorithmic_skeleton
Software-defined storage product
device to achieve the highest possible levels of performance through parallelism. This performance is also greatly utilized to achieve PowerFlex's 6 nines
Dell_Technologies_PowerFlex
Extension of the C programming language
amount of parallelism is fixed at program startup time, typically with a single thread of execution per processor. In order to express parallelism, UPC extends
Unified_Parallel_C
Serverless computing platform
configuration makes AWS Lambda suitable for workloads that scale horizontally or leverage parallelism but less optimal for applications that require high single-thread
AWS_Lambda
Python library for parallel computing
computation with no parallelism. It is used for debugging purposes. Dask's distributed scheduler can be set up on a local machine or scale out on a cluster
Dask_(software)
Bijection of a set using properties of shapes in space
between distances (e.g., resizing); Affine transformations preserve parallelism (e.g., scaling, shear); Projective transformations preserve collinearity; Each
Geometric_transformation
Standard for miniature computer expansion cards
capitalizing on the low latency and enhanced parallelism of PCI Express SSDs, and complementing the parallelism of contemporary CPUs, platforms and applications
M.2
Microsoft open source library
power and memory use and to train large distributed models with better parallelism on existing computer hardware. DeepSpeed is optimized for low latency
DeepSpeed
Open source numerical analysis library
functionality of commercial and GPL versions, with enhancements for speed and parallelism provided in the commercial version The most actively developed parts
ALGLIB
Non-comparative lexicographical sorting algorithm
in it, and no parallelism would be available. For random inputs all bins would be near equally populated and a large amount of parallelism opportunity would
Radix_sort
Open-source storage platform
ASCI/DOD Scalable I/O History and Strategy" (PDF). University of Minnesota. Retrieved 2019-07-17. Dynamic Metadata Management for Petabyte-Scale File Systems
Ceph_(software)
Open-source C++ library
and non-conforming (quadrilateral/hexahedral meshes). Highly scalable MPI-based parallelism and GPU acceleration. Wide variety of finite element discretization
MFEM
American mathematician
Methods for Large Scale Computations. North Holland, Amsterdam, 1989. D. E. Keyes, Y. Saad, and D. G. Truhlar, Domain-Based Parallelism and Problem Decomposition
Yousef_Saad
Computing technique used to achieve parallelism
term that has been used to refer to computational models for exploiting parallelism whereby multiple processors cooperate in the execution of a program in
Single_program,_multiple_data
American computer scientist
member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2005 for contributions to scalable parallel processing systems, including architectures, operating systems
David_Culler
bundles scalable dense linear algebra libraries in double precision for R, based on ScaLAPACK version 2.0.2 which includes several scalable linear algebra
Programming with Big Data in R
Programming_with_Big_Data_in_R
Major and minor scales with same tonic
and Dusty Springfield's "You Don't Have To Say You Love Me". Harmonic parallelism List of major/minor compositions Picardy third Voice leading Benward
Parallel_key
Atomic computer processor instruction
e., system and user tasks) and processor (i.e., central processors) parallelism while eliminating, to the greatest degree possible, the "disabled spinlocks"
Compare-and-swap
Microprocessor architecture
parallelism by the capabilities of the compiler, not the on-chip systems. Whereas modern processors are reaching a plateau at four-wide parallelism,
TRIPS_architecture
the level of parallelism, such as the size of the data chunk for each process or number of processes to build the model. However, parallelism is only available
RevoScaleR
Large language model developed by Google
combination of model and data parallelism, which was the largest TPU configuration. This allowed for efficient training at scale, using 6,144 chips, and marked
PaLM
Visual performance model
added ceilings represent the lack of instruction level parallelism and task level parallelism. An example roofline model with locality walls. The wall
Roofline_model
Divide and conquer sorting algorithm
This parallel merge algorithm reaches a parallelism of Θ(n(logn)2), which is much higher than the parallelism of the previous algorithm. Such a sort can
Merge_sort
Network packet distribution with multiple cores
"Partition-Aware Packet Steering Using XDP and eBPF for Improving Application-Level Parallelism". Proceedings of the 1st ACM CoNEXT Workshop on Emerging in-Network Computing
Multi-core network packet steering
Multi-core_network_packet_steering
Property of objects which are scaled or mirrored versions of each other
translation vector. Similarities preserve planes, lines, perpendicularity, parallelism, midpoints, inequalities between distances and line segments. Similarities
Similarity_(geometry)
GPU microarchitecture by AMD
connected via traces on an organic substrate. This approach is easily scalable in a cost-effective manner but has the drawbacks of increased latency,
RDNA_3
Type of computer processor design
the buses, which provides opportunities for instruction-level parallelism. The parallelism is statically defined by the programmer. In this respect (and
Transport triggered architecture
Transport_triggered_architecture
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
on a message, interleaving those operations using instruction-level parallelism can increase performance. This process is called function stitching,
Galois/Counter_Mode
Database management software company based in Frisco, Texas
developed InfiniDB, a scalable, software-only columnar database management system for analytic applications. InfiniDB is a scalable database built for big
InfiniDB
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
parallel computing: bit-level, instruction level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has been employed for many years, mainly in high-performance computing
Theoretical_computer_science
Journaling file system for IRIX and Linux
manages its own inodes and free space separately, providing scalability and parallelism so multiple threads and processes can perform I/O operations
XFS
Highly allegorical poem usually attributed to Cao Zhi
(redundant or otherwise superfluous) lines, which serves the purpose of parallelism but does not add any additional meaning already conveyed (within the
The_Poem_of_Seven_Steps
2007 song by Jay Chou
common to omit certain components in poetry and lyrics for the sake of parallelism, rhythm, and harmony, such omissions should not lead to ambiguity or
Blue_and_White_Porcelain
Probabilistic data structure
parallel without any global rebalancing of the data structure. Such parallelism can be especially advantageous for resource discovery in an ad-hoc wireless
Skip_list
American computer scientist
and her advisor, Ken Kennedy showed how to use this model to introduce parallelism with locality and eliminate false sharing. This work was selected in
Kathryn_S._McKinley
Open-source HTML layout engine
engine designed from scratch with the goals of improving concurrency and parallelism while also reducing memory safety vulnerabilities. Servo is written in
Gecko_(software)
American research center, 1985–1995
Leasure, and Mike Wolfe). The key Cedar idea was to exploit feasible-scale parallelism, by linking together a number of shared memory nodes through an interconnection
University of Illinois Center for Supercomputing Research and Development
University_of_Illinois_Center_for_Supercomputing_Research_and_Development
Computing technique employed to achieve parallelism
instruction, multiple data (MIMD) is a technique employed to achieve parallelism. Machines using MIMD have a number of processor cores that function asynchronously
Multiple instruction, multiple data
Multiple_instruction,_multiple_data
Form of rhymed prose in Arabic literature
and use of end-rhyme, meter, and parallelism. There are two types of parallelism in saj': iʿtidāl (rhythmical parallelism, meaning "balance") and muwāzana
Saj'
Mathematical space with two coordinates
symplectic surface. The projective plane does away with both distance and parallelism. A two-dimensional metric space has some concept of distance but it need
Two-dimensional_space
Formula relating stochastic processes to partial differential equations
prohibitive. One key advantage of the SDE-based method is its natural parallelism—each simulation, or realization, can be computed independently—making
Feynman–Kac_formula
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