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In psychology
Self-esteem can be defined as how favorably individuals evaluate themselves. According to Leary, self-esteem is the relationship between one's real self
Self-esteem_functions
Human emotional need
Self-esteem is confidence in one's own worth, abilities, or morals. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs about oneself (for example, "I am loved", "I am worthy")
Self-esteem
One's internal beliefs about oneself
Self-concept is made up of one's self-schemas, and interacts with self-esteem, self-knowledge, and the social self to form the self as a whole. It includes the
Self-concept
Fragile and vulnerable feelings
Self-esteem stability refers to immediate feelings of self-esteem which, generally, will not be influenced by everyday positive or negative experiences
Self-esteem_instability
Hatred of oneself
Self-hatred is a state of personal self-loathing or low self-esteem. The term "self-hatred" is used infrequently by psychologists and psychiatrists, who
Self-hatred
Communication with oneself
special relevance in this regard is the self-concept, i.e. how a person sees themself, specifically their self-esteem or how they evaluate their abilities
Intrapersonal_communication
Psychological theory of self-esteem
Sociometer theory is a theory of self-esteem from an evolutionary psychological perspective which proposes that self-esteem is a gauge (or sociometer) of
Sociometer
Mental picture of self that comes from different sources
Individuals may restore their self-esteem by derogating the member of a stereotyped group. Fein and Spencer (1997) conducted a study on Self-image Maintenance and
Self-image
Psychology concept
perceived cause. If the locus is internal (dispositional), feelings of self-esteem and self-efficacy will be enhanced by success and diminished by failure. Stability
Self-efficacy
Understanding of one's own basic needs and motives
Phenomenology Self-awareness Self-categorization theory Self-concept Self-enhancement Self-esteem Self-perception theory Self psychology Self-verification
Self-knowledge_(psychology)
Concept in philosophy
constitutes self have been proposed, including the self being an activity, the self being independent of the senses, the bundle theory of the self, the self as
Philosophy_of_self
Sociological term
looking-glass self, researchers examined whether self-other agreement in personality between adolescents and their parents promoted self-esteem development
Looking-glass_self
Capacity of humans to exercise introspection
language learning. Second, self-reflection enhances a person's self-esteem and gives transparency for decision-making. Self-esteem is significant for dealing
Self-reflection
Concept in social psychology
The precise nature of this striving for positive self-concept is a matter of debate (see the self-esteem hypothesis). Both the interpersonal-intergroup
Social_identity_theory
Extending compassion to one's self in instances of suffering or failure
self-esteem for many years, recent research has exposed costs associated with the pursuit of high self-esteem, including narcissism, distorted self-perceptions
Self-compassion
Cognitive strategy
Self-handicapping is a cognitive strategy by which people avoid effort in the hopes of keeping potential failure from hurting self-esteem. It was first
Self-handicapping
Capacity for introspection and individuation as a subject
processes. Self-awareness about cognitive processes contributes to general intelligence on a par with[ambiguous] processing efficiency functions, such as
Self-awareness
Psychological theory
self-definition." Individuals' self-definitions can change for purposes of self-esteem protection and maintenance. These changes are likely to occur in consideration
Symbolic self-completion theory
Symbolic_self-completion_theory
Social and evolutionary psychology theory
terror management theory of social behavior: The psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews". Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
Terror_management_theory
Type of motivation
blows to one's self-esteem. Self-enhancement involves a preference for positive over negative self-views. It is one of the three self-evaluation motives
Self-enhancement
Self-centered personality style
antagonism—by a confident, exhibitionistic and manipulative self-regulatory style: High self-esteem and a clear sense of uniqueness and superiority, with fantasies
Narcissism
Awareness about death
anxiety that may be buffered by one's cultural worldview and/or a sense of self-esteem. Mortality salience engages the conflict humans have to face both their
Mortality_salience
Theory in social psychology
influence, social status, and other forms of competitiveness can affect our self-esteem and mood. This can affect individuals' outlook on themselves and how
Social_comparison_theory
Intentional injury to one's body
boundaries functions. Self-harm can also occur in high-functioning individuals who have no underlying mental health diagnosis. The motivations for self-harm
Self-harm
Distortion to enhance self-esteem, or to see oneself overly favorably
A self-serving bias is any cognitive or perceptual process that is distorted by the need to maintain and enhance self-esteem, or the tendency to perceive
Self-serving_bias
Human emotional need
Outline of self Perfectionism (philosophy) Positive disintegration Self Self-awareness Self-esteem Self-fulfillment Self-handicapping Self-help Self-knowledge
Self-actualization
Study of the representation of one's identity
about themselves. A person's self-awareness, self-esteem, and self-deception all fall under the self-knowledge part of self. People learn about themselves
Psychology_of_self
Concept around which an attitude is formed and changes over time
the functions of attitudes, which can be classified as utilitarian, social identity, or self-esteem maintenance functions. The utilitarian function involves
Attitude_object
Social psychology effect about mistakes and likability
studies have since been conducted to isolate the effects of gender, self-esteem, and blunder severity on change in appeal and likability. Occasionally
Pratfall_effect
Psychological concept
of self-esteem in adolescents. The results of their study shows "the problem-solving skills of adolescents change and improve with age as a function of
Personal_fable
Sum of desirable traits in a potential mate
Kirkpatrick, Lee A. (2006). "Behavioral and self-reported aggression as a function of domain-specific self-esteem". Aggressive Behavior. 32 (1): 17–27. doi:10
Mate_value
Concept in social psychology
current self view, rather than improving their self-view. This makes self-assessment the only self-evaluative motive that may cause a person's self-esteem to
Self-assessment
Positive effect from the perceived value of a person
positively correlated with self-esteem and prosocial behavior. Hubristic pride, by contrast, is associated with arrogance and inflated self-views, and has been
Pride
Independent education without the guidance of teachers
Autodidacticism (also autodidactism) or self-education (also self-learning, self-study, and self-teaching) is the practice of education without the guidance
Autodidacticism
Social process
high self-esteem tend to reveal themselves more, the reverse is also true, where self-esteem is enhanced by a partner's disclosures. In men, self-disclosure
Self-disclosure
Mental disorder
"selfie taking" may translate into low self-esteem and body dysmorphic tendencies. The sociocultural theory of self-esteem states that the messages given by
Body_dysmorphic_disorder
Theory in social psychology
themselves as a function of the likely categorization scheme. According to self-categorization theory, depersonalization describes a process of self-stereotyping
Self-categorization_theory
the concept of self-persuasion was that the factors within us determine our decision-making; for example, one's personality, self-esteem, education, or
Self-persuasion
Aspect of human behavior
be held in lower esteem by society. The opposite is true for a person with a good demeanor: society will hold them in a higher esteem. An example of this
Deference
Book
Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control is a psychology book written by Albert Bandura in 1997 on self-efficacy, i.e. a person's belief in their own competence
Self-Efficacy_(book)
Predisposition to hide embarrassing information
and depression, shyness, negative self-esteem, loneliness, rumination, trait social anxiety, social anxiety, and self-silencing, ambivalence over emotional
Self-concealment
Subtype of delusion
at least 10% of the general population—and can influence a person's self-esteem, in some cases they may cause a person distress, in which case such beliefs
Delusions_of_grandeur
Exclusion of someone from social relations
Downs, Deborah L. (1995). "Interpersonal Functions of the Self-Esteem Motive". Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem. pp. 123–144. doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_7
Social_rejection
Set of memories for a person
Women who are schematic on appearance exhibited worse body image, lower self-esteem, and more negative mood than did those who are aschematic on appearance
Self-schema
Macro theory of human motivation and personality
for true self-esteem. In M. Kemis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 31–49). New York: Plenum. Ryan, R. M.; Deci, E. L. (2000). "Self-determination
Self-determination_theory
Social psychological theory
that the increased self-esteem could flow from social identity rather than ingroup favoritism; therefore, she asserted, self-esteem was not an adequate predictor
Optimal distinctiveness theory
Optimal_distinctiveness_theory
Type of relationship
People who self-identify as codependent are more likely to have low self-esteem, but it is unclear whether this is a cause or an effect of characteristics
Codependency
Taking care of one's own health
tell her/him we talked about today". This phrase protects the patient's self-esteem while placing responsibility for understanding on both the provider and
Self-care
Feeling of apprehension, discomfort or awkwardness in the presence of other people
avoidance. Although shyness can be an attribute of people who have low self-esteem, the trait is often defined by a concern regarding the negative evaluation
Shyness
American social psychologist (born 1953)
known for his work on the self, social rejection, belongingness, sexuality and sex differences, self-control, self-esteem, self-defeating behaviors, motivation
Roy_Baumeister
Account of attitude formation developed by psychologist Daryl Bem
Self-perception theory (SPT) is an account of attitude formation developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes (when
Self-perception_theory
Personality disorder
in response to rejection and criticism. This behavior stems from low self-esteem, a need for admiration and validation, and social belonging. While vulnerable-type
Narcissistic personality disorder
Narcissistic_personality_disorder
Self-guided improvement
thought they'd listened to a self-esteem tape (even though half the labels were wrong), they felt that their self-esteem had gone up. No wonder people
Self-help
Modern psychoanalytic theory and clinical applications
core sense of self: in other words, patients suffered because of disturbances in self-esteem, grandiosity, shame, fragmentation of the self, and a dependence
Self_psychology
Self-evaluation of personality traits
personality dimensions: locus of control, neuroticism, generalized self-efficacy, and self-esteem. The trait developed as a dispositional predictor of job satisfaction
Core_self-evaluations
Concept in psychology and psychotherapy
with the strongest sense of family cohesion have the highest social self-esteem, despite exhibiting what could be pathologized as "enmeshment". Atlas
Enmeshment
Overview of and topical guide to self
below) Self-concept Self-awareness Self-consciousness Self-control Self-esteem Self-guilt Self-knowledge Self-perception Self-realization Self-worth Skill
Outline_of_self
theory Self-disclosure Self-efficacy Self-esteem Self-esteem functions Self-help Self-injury Self-knowledge Self-loathing Self-monitoring Self-parenting
Index_of_psychology_articles
Positive sense of self
"double-edged sword" and a "mixed blessing" in that it has both adaptive (high self-esteem, assertiveness, popularity) and maladaptive correlates (violence, antisocial
Healthy_narcissism
Neural pathways
involved in motor functions; while dorsolateral prefrontal, orbital frontal, and anterior cingulate circuits are involved in executive functions, social behavior
Frontostriatal_circuit
Process to attempt to influence perceptions
These strategies play important roles in one's maintenance of self-esteem. One's self-esteem is affected by their evaluation of their own performance and
Impression_management
Form, process, or result of a self-induced hypnotic state
stressed and/or lack self-esteem can be taught self-hypnosis techniques which can induce relaxation and/or strengthen their self-esteem. Specifically, once
Self-hypnosis
Unsupervised use of drugs and other substances
individuals who experience depression, to reduce anhedonia and increase self-esteem, however in some cases depression may occur as a comorbid condition originating
Self-medication
How an individual evaluates themselves
philosophical and political concept Self-deprecation Self-esteem Blatt, S.J. (2008). Polarities of experience: Relatedness and self-definition in personality,
Self-criticism
available to the individual, resulting in a low self-esteem. It is precisely these damaged structures of the self that are activated in selfobject transferences
The_Analysis_of_the_Self
Concept in psychology and communication studies
has been studied in this category is self-esteem. Although it is sometimes thought that those higher in self-esteem are less easily persuaded, there is
Attitude_(psychology)
Psychological characteristics of an individual
correlation between extraversion and happiness. Self-esteem and self-efficacy are two such mediators. Self-efficacy is one's belief about abilities to perform
Personality
Eating disorder
psychological stress, cultural pressure to attain a certain body type, poor self-esteem, and obesity. Living in a culture that commercializes or glamorizes dieting
Bulimia
Degree of satisfaction one feels towards their own body
cathexis is assessed by examining correlations between measures of self-concept or esteem and bodily attitudes. An individual's evaluation of their own body
Body_cathexis
Psychological theory
and mental health and security, having important implications for self-esteem and self-identity. Because networks and alliances have become so important
Social_rank_theory
Qualities, beliefs, personality, looks and/or expressions that distinguish a person
Identity serves multiple functions, acting as a "self-regulatory structure" that provides meaning, direction, and a sense of self-control. It fosters internal
Identity_(social_science)
Involuntary urination while asleep
developmental delay, most treatment plans aim to protect or improve self-esteem. Treatment guidelines recommend that the physician counsel the parents
Nocturnal_enuresis
Mental health condition
person typically acts when not depressed: pressured speech inflated self-esteem or grandiosity decreased need for sleep flight of ideas or the subjective
Hypomania
Mental health organizations
into additional savings for the system. While self-help groups for mental health increase self-esteem, reduce stigma, accelerate rehabilitation, improve
Self-help groups for mental health
Self-help_groups_for_mental_health
Memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life
it was found that people high in self-esteem reactivate positive memories more often than people with low self-esteem, and reactivate memories about other
Autobiographical_memory
Human transition from puberty to adult
formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that
Adolescence
Capability to understand one's emotions
relationships. A 2012 study in India cross-examined emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and marijuana dependence. Out of a sample of 200, 100 of whom were dependent
Emotional_intelligence
Method of organizing information in one's memory
to be an aspect of implicit self-esteem). For example, people tend to prefer their own initials over other letters. The self-reference effect (SRE) has
Self-referential_encoding
Medical condition
include: increased energy and productivity short sleep patterns self-assurance, self-confidence talkativeness risk-taking/sensation seeking cheerfulness
Hyperthymic_temperament
Emotion
critical functions in a romantic relationship, i.e., reducing uncertainty, maintaining or repairing relationship, and restoring self-esteem. If done properly
Jealousy
Unrealistic sense of superiority and of uniqueness
that grandiose narcissists maintain their inflated self-esteem following criticism by recalling self-aggrandizing memories. Correlational designs further
Grandiosity
Psychology theory
as vehicles to assure social status, boost self-esteem, and/or reduce anxiety. While expressive functions serve some sense of utility, the effects are
Functional_attitude_theory
Avoiding doing a task that needs to be completed
effect on one's productivity, and is associated with depression, low self-esteem, guilt, and feelings of inadequacy; however, it can also be considered
Procrastination
Concept in psychology
According to SIT, group membership is most likely to influence self-concept and self-esteem when the cognitive processes of identification and categorization
Self-stereotyping
Subtype of the body dysmorphic disorder
body mass may seem to reduce the threat of further mistreatment. Low self-esteem is associated with higher levels of body dissatisfaction and of muscle
Muscle_dysmorphia
Psychological bias towards favoring members of one's in-group
individuals with high self-esteem who suffered a threat to the self-concept exhibited greater ingroup biases than did people with low self-esteem who suffered
In-group_favoritism
Psychological experiment
involving racial groups, gender, sexuality, age, and religion but also the self-esteem, political views, and predictions of the test taker. The implicit-association
Implicit-association_test
Sociological concept
of risk is the idea that self-determination and the right to take reasonable risks are essential for dignity and self esteem and so should not be impeded
Dignity_of_risk
Skills needed for successful social adaptation
and body gestures. Children with self-regulation deficits tend to have classic difficulties in executive functions. While understanding the components
Social_competence
Aspect of human sexuality
image and other insecurities affect sexual function and have profound repercussions on self-esteem and self-concept. SCI causes difficulties in romantic
Sexuality after spinal cord injury
Sexuality_after_spinal_cord_injury
intersection of three major fields of research: studies of self-evaluation and self-esteem, studies of lay (or implicit) theories of intelligence, and
Self-test_of_intelligence
Theory in social psychology
some closely related theories. Terror management theory states that our self-esteem and worldviews serve as a mechanism to avoid the overwhelming fear and
Shattered_assumptions_theory
Disruption of cognitive control processes
executive dysfunction, or executive function deficit, is a disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions, which is a group of cognitive processes
Executive_dysfunction
deal with unconscious: the perception-behavior link, goals, Implicit Self Esteem Issues, and unconscious thought. His theory that certain behaviour can
Ap_Dijksterhuis
Freudian psychology
being cared for, mothered, and held. However, weaning increases the infant's self-awareness, through learning that they do not control their environment. The
Psychosexual_development
Psychological and social phenomenon
social-assessment and critical self-talk reported lower self-esteem and more frequent automatic negative self-statements." When self-talk is positive, however
Imaginary_friend
Theory in social psychology
their reputation and high self-esteem. Low-identifying members experience negative affective emotions such as anger, low self-esteem, or depression. Also,
Social_identity_threat
Impairment of motor and sensory functions in the lower limbs
Tzonichaki I, Kleftaras G (2002). "Paraplegia from spinal cord injury: self-esteem, loneliness, and life satisfaction". OTJR: Occupation, Participation
Paraplegia
Mental state
relationships as identified by John Bowlby, while esteem is based on Nathaniel Branden's work on self-esteem and Donald Nathanson's work on shame. The emotional
Emotional_safety
Neurodevelopmental disorder chiefly affecting motor skills
to do with intelligence but people with dyspraxia may struggle with self-esteem because their peers can easily do things they struggle with on a daily
Developmental coordination disorder
Developmental_coordination_disorder
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