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Intended purpose of spoken speech
In linguistics, a sentence function refers to a speaker's purpose in uttering a specific sentence, clause, or phrase. Whether a listener is present or
Sentence_function
Words expressing a complete thought
Constituent Discourse Periodic sentence Sentence arrangement Sentence function Syntax T-unit Utterance Conditional sentence Halliday, M. A. K. and Matthiessen
Sentence_(linguistics)
How clauses compose sentences in grammar and syntax
functions as a conjunction, a colon instead of a semicolon between two sentences when the second sentence explains or illustrates the first sentence and
Sentence_clause_structure
Request for information
Inquisitive semantics Leading question Question under discussion Sentence function Squiggle operator Confusion Who Asked the First Question?, a book
Question
Decree of punishment in law
A sentence may consist of imprisonment, a fine, or other sanctions. Sentences for multiple crimes may be a concurrent sentence, where sentences of imprisonment
Sentence_(law)
Term in logic
truth of the sentence "John is Greek and John is happy" is a function of the meaning of "and", and the truth values of the atomic sentences "John is Greek"
Atomic_sentence
Sentence that starts in a way that a reader's likely interpretation will be wrong
A garden-path sentence is a grammatically correct sentence that starts in such a way that a reader's most likely interpretation will be incorrect; the
Garden-path_sentence
Linguistic sentence with null subject
pro-sentence is a function word or expression that substitutes for a whole sentence whose content is recoverable from the context. A pro-sentence is a
Pro-sentence
Words supplying mainly grammatical information, rather than content information
the glue that holds sentences together. Thus they form important elements in the structures of sentences. Words that are not function words are called content
Function_word
Complex sentence that could be expressed in a simpler way
cleft sentence is a complex sentence (one having a main clause and a dependent clause) that has a meaning that could be expressed by a simple sentence. Clefts
Cleft_sentence
Expression in propositional calculus
propositional function or a predicate is a sentence expressed in a way that would assume the value of true or false, except that within the sentence there is
Propositional_function
Representation in natural language processing
In natural language processing, a sentence embedding (or document embedding) is a representation of a natural language text as a vector of numbers which
Sentence_embedding
Function in logic
function. On the other hand, modal logic is non-truth-functional. A logical connective is truth-functional if the truth-value of a compound sentence is
Truth_function
Japanese light novel series
Sentenced to Be a Hero: The Prison Records of Penal Hero Unit 9004 (Japanese: 勇者刑に処す 懲罰勇者9004隊刑務記録, Hepburn: Yūsha-kei ni Shosu: Chōbatsu Yūsha Kyūmarumaruyon-tai
Sentenced_to_Be_a_Hero
Consecutive life sentences given to a felon
unconstitutional due to imposing an in effect irrevocable life sentence, contrary to the function of parole after a minimum period, which would be "grossly
Back-to-back_life_sentences
Tree in formal language theory
abstract syntax trees used in computer programming. Unlike Reed-Kellogg sentence diagrams used for teaching grammar, parse trees do not use distinct symbol
Parse_tree
Set of all things that may be the input of a mathematical function
In mathematics, the domain of a function is the set of inputs accepted by the function. It is sometimes denoted by dom ( f ) {\displaystyle \operatorname
Domain_of_a_function
English grammatical structure
from" or "separated") part of a sentence, functioning as a sentence modifier, usually at the beginning or end of the sentence. It provides additional information
Nominative_absolute
Meta-ethical view
view that claims that, rather than expressing propositions, ethical sentences function similarly to imperatives which are universalizable—whoever makes a
Universal_prescriptivism
Formula that contains at least one free variable
propositional variable Proof Quantifier ∃ ! ∀ rank Sentence atomic spectrum Signature String Substitution Symbol function logical/constant non-logical variable Term
Open_formula
Limitative results in mathematical logic
could be expressed purely in terms of arithmetical functions that operate on Gödel numbers of sentences of the system. Therefore, the system, which can prove
Gödel's incompleteness theorems
Gödel's_incompleteness_theorems
Assignment of meaning to the symbols of a formal language
truth value of the compound sentence is defined as a certain truth function of the truth values of the simpler sentences. The connectives are usually
Interpretation_(logic)
into a transitive one or a bivalent transitive into a trivalent one. In a sentence with a monovalent intransitive verb, there is no direct object, and the
Circassian_verb_transitivity
Rules for sentencing convicts in the U.S. federal courts system
States Federal Sentencing Guidelines are rules published by the U.S. Sentencing Commission that set out a uniform policy for sentencing individuals and
United States Federal Sentencing Guidelines
United_States_Federal_Sentencing_Guidelines
Type of logical system
variable assignment function (μ above) before truth values for even atomic formulas can be defined. Then the truth value of a sentence is defined to be its
First-order_logic
Form of logic that allows quantification over predicates
every surjective function from the domain to itself is injective. To say that the domain has countable cardinality, use the sentence that says that there
Second-order_logic
System responsible for combining morphemes into complex structures
a function (equivalent to the VP) which is (NP\S), which in turn represents a function that searches to the left for an NP and produces a sentence." Tree-adjoining
Syntax
Process of repeating items in a self-similar way
and, for example, can be construed as a function that can apply to sentence meanings to create new sentences, and likewise for noun phrase meanings, verb
Recursion
Functions of an angle
mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) are real functions which relate an angle of
Trigonometric_functions
Function that preserves distinctness
In mathematics, an injective function (also known as injection, or one-to-one function) is a function f that maps distinct elements of its domain to distinct
Injective_function
Single word that forms a full sentence
A sentence word (also called a one-word sentence) is a single word that forms a full sentence. Henry Sweet described sentence words as 'an area under
Sentence_word
Term in mathematical logic
logic, the spectrum of a sentence is the set of natural numbers occurring as the size of a finite model in which a given sentence is true. By a result in
Spectrum_of_a_sentence
Mathematical function such that every output has at least one input
surjective function (also known as surjection, or onto function /ˈɒn.tuː/) is a function f such that, for every element y of the function's codomain, there
Surjective_function
First sentence of a literary work
The opening sentence or opening line stands at the beginning of a written work. The opening line is part or all of the opening sentence that may start
Opening_sentence
Sentence, idea or formula that refers to itself
occurs when a sentence, idea or formula refers to itself. The reference may be expressed either directly—through some intermediate sentence or formula—or
Self-reference
Word or group of words that modify a verb
closely defines the sentence or the verb. (The word adverbial itself is also used as an adjective, meaning "having the same function as an adverb".) Look
Adverbial
Function computable with bounded loops
In computability theory, a primitive recursive function is, roughly speaking, a function that can be computed by a computer program whose loops are all
Primitive_recursive_function
Paradoxical assertion
telling the truth, then they are lying (by stating otherwise). In "this sentence is a lie", the paradox is strengthened in order to make it amenable to
Liar_paradox
Cryptographic hash function
Skein is a cryptographic hash function and one of five finalists in the NIST hash function competition. Entered as a candidate to become the SHA-3 standard
Skein_(hash_function)
Group of one or more words
phrase in some theories, which functions as the object of the sentence. Many theories of syntax and grammar illustrate sentence structure using phrase 'trees'
Phrase
Quantum state of the entire universe
The universal wave function or the wave function of the universe is the wavefunction or quantum state of the entire universe. It is regarded as the basic
Universal_wave_function
Complete, somewhat self-contained statement within musical composition
Functions. ISBN 0-19-514399-X. Schoenberg, Arnold (1967). "Fundamentals of Music Composition". Musical Phrases Unleashed: Basic Ideas and Sentences on
Sentence_(music)
Impossible task in computing
of deciding whether a given first-order sentence is a logical consequence of a given finite set of sentences, but validity in first-order theories with
Entscheidungsproblem
Target set of a mathematical function
mathematics, a codomain or set of destination of a function is a set into which all of the outputs of the function are constrained to fall. It is the set Y in
Codomain
Semantic feature - Semantic property - Semiotics - Semivowel - Sentence - Sentence function - Shall - Sign - Sign language - Sociolinguistics - Sociolect
Index_of_linguistics_articles
Proposed parameter in linguistics
different positions within a sentence. Because Turkish uses a case-marking system to denote how each word functions in a sentence in relation to the rest,
Head-directionality_parameter
Subset of a function's codomain
the range of a function may refer to either of two closely related concepts: the codomain of the function, or the image of the function. In some cases
Range_of_a_function
Input to a mathematical function
of a function is a value provided to obtain the function's result. It is also called an independent variable. For example, the binary function f ( x
Argument_of_a_function
Mathematical function that can be computed by a program
Computable functions are the basic objects of study in computability theory. Informally, a function is computable if there is an algorithm that computes
Computable_function
Horizontal space between sentences in typeset text
Sentence spacing concerns how spaces are inserted between sentences in typeset text and is a matter of typographical convention. Since the introduction
Sentence_spacing
Mathematical use of "there exists"
and as \exists in LaTeX and related formula editors. Consider the formal sentence For some natural number n {\displaystyle n} , n × n = 25 {\displaystyle
Existential_quantification
Functional programming language
the right hand side. A sentence is terminated with a semicolon. For example, the pattern of the second sentence of the function is "s.1" and the expression
Refal
Statement that is taken to be true
show that its claims can be derived from a small, well-understood set of sentences (the axioms), and there are typically many ways to axiomatize a given
Axiom
England and Wales public body
2010 it became the Sentencing Council (combining also the functions of the Sentencing Advisory Panel). In March 2025 the Sentencing Council was forced
Sentencing_Council
Punctuation mark (;)
English language, a semicolon is most commonly used to link (in a single sentence) two independent clauses that are closely related in thought, such as when
Semicolon
Symbol representing a mathematical concept
systems particularly mathematical logic, a function symbol is a non-logical symbol which represents a function or mapping on the domain of discourse, though
Function_symbol
Class of words
(certainly modifies the sentence as a whole) Adverbs thus perform a wide range of modifying functions. The major exception is the function of modifier of nouns
Adverb
Uppercase or lowercase
uppercase is reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun (called capitalisation, or capitalised words), which
Letter_case
encountered mathematical objects include numbers, expressions, shapes, functions, and sets. Mathematical objects can be very complex; for example, theorems
Mathematical_object
Logical principle
signs and "∨ ... ∨" n−1 disjunction signs. It is easy to check that the sentence must receive at least one of the n truth values (and not a value that is
Law_of_excluded_middle
Area of mathematical logic
the study of the relationship between formal theories (a collection of sentences in a formal language expressing statements about a mathematical structure)
Model_theory
Symbol representing a mathematical object
arguments of the functions. This is typically the case in sentences like "function of a real variable", "x is the variable of the function f : x ↦ f(x)"
Variable_(mathematics)
Number of integers coprime to and less than n
( x ) {\displaystyle \log _{e}(x)} . In number theory, Euler's totient function counts the positive integers up to a given integer n {\displaystyle n}
Euler's_totient_function
Function that outputs either true or false
A Boolean-valued function (sometimes called a predicate or a proposition) is a function of the type f : X → B, where X is an arbitrary set and where B
Boolean-valued_function
Sentence that resists simple formalization
donkey sentence is a sentence containing a pronoun which is semantically bound but syntactically free. Their name comes from the example sentence "Every
Donkey_sentence
Words that indicate a question is being asked, as a grammatical category
begin with the stressed syllable "ki-". Five Ws Indeterminate pronoun Sentence function Finnish and Turkish have vowel harmony, see more here Pensalfini,
Interrogative_word
1972 U.S. Supreme Court case
penalty was unconstitutional, the Furman decision invalidated the death sentences of nearly 700 people. The decision mandated a degree of consistency in
Furman_v._Georgia
Symbolic description of a mathematical object
natural language, where a noun phrase refers to an object, and a whole sentence refers to a fact. For example, 8 x − 5 {\displaystyle 8x-5} and 3 {\displaystyle
Expression_(mathematics)
first-order language of the real numbers is the set of all well-formed sentences of first-order logic that involve universal and existential quantifiers
Decidability of first-order theories of the real numbers
Decidability_of_first-order_theories_of_the_real_numbers
Theorem for proving more complex theorems
Often, a theorem is broken into multiple cases (for example, a quadratic function may have no real roots, one double root, or two distinct roots), and each
Lemma_(mathematics)
English word
popular in recent years as a coordinating conjunctive opening word in a sentence. This device is particularly used when answering questions although the
So_(word)
Distinction in the philosophy of language
whereas its sense (Sinn) is what the name expresses. The reference of a sentence is its extension, whereas its sense is the thought that it expresses. The
Sense_and_reference
Method in mathematical logic
\neg \phi } . The negation function may take any value whatsoever for inputs that are not codes of formulas. The Gödel sentence of the theory T {\displaystyle
Rosser's_trick
Formal study of linguistic meaning
expressions. Type theory is another approach utilized to describe sentences as nested functions with precisely defined input and output types. Various theoretical
Formal semantics (natural language)
Formal_semantics_(natural_language)
Thesis on the nature of computability
Church–Turing thesis is a thesis about the nature of computable functions. It states that a function on the natural numbers can be calculated by an effective
Church–Turing_thesis
Syntactic category
passive sentence, the agent is a chômeur, having been "demoted" from the central or nuclear function of subject. For instance, by changing the sentence Dogs
Chômeur
Topics referred to by the same term
Inverse (logic), a type of conditional sentence which is an immediate inference made from another conditional sentence Additive inverse, the inverse of a
Inverse
Systems capable of proving their own consistency
of these. Here, one cannot prove the Π 2 0 {\displaystyle \Pi _{2}^{0}} sentence expressing totality of multiplication: ( ∀ x , y ) ( ∃ z ) m u l t
Self-verifying_theories
Punctuation to signal the end of a sentence (.)
used for several purposes, most often to mark the end of a declarative sentence (as distinguished from a question or exclamation). A full stop is frequently
Full_stop
Study of relations between psychology and language
in the field. A modular view of sentence processing assumes that the stages involved in reading a sentence function independently as separate modules
Psycholinguistics
Legal killing of a person as punishment
misconduct. The sentence ordering that an offender be punished in such a manner is called a death sentence, and the act of carrying out the sentence is an execution
Capital_punishment
Function returning one of only two values
switching function, used especially in older computer science literature, and truth function (or logical function), used in logic. Boolean functions are the
Boolean_function
Number of arguments required by a function
science, arity (/ˈærɪti/ ) is the number of arguments or operands taken by a function, operation or relation. In mathematics, arity may also be called rank,
Arity
Mathematical-logic system
as λ-calculus) is a formal system for expressing computation based on function abstraction and application using variable binding and substitution. Untyped
Lambda_calculus
Set of sentences in a formal language
mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood
Theory_(mathematical_logic)
Words that qualify sentences
inappropriate without the particle. As such, sentence-final particles in this sense often perform an interpersonal function, rather than a grammatical one. Nevertheless
Sentence-final_particle
Non-contradiction of a theory
\in \langle A\rangle } . A trivial theory (i.e., one which proves every sentence in the language of the theory) is clearly inconsistent. Conversely, in
Consistency
Theorem that arithmetical truth cannot be defined in arithmetic
numbers. For various syntactic properties (such as being a formula, being a sentence, etc.), these sets are computable. Moreover, any computable set of numbers
Tarski's undefinability theorem
Tarski's_undefinability_theorem
In mathematical logic, a well-formed formula with no free variables
mathematical logic, a sentence (or closed formula) of a predicate logic is a Boolean-valued well-formed formula with no free variables. A sentence can be viewed
Sentence_(mathematical_logic)
Structure of sentences in the German language
German sentence structure is the syntactical structure to which the German language adheres. The basic sentence in German can be seen following the (Standard
German_sentence_structure
Study of computable functions and Turing degrees
computation that originated in the 1930s with the study of computable functions and Turing degrees. The field has since expanded to include the study
Computability_theory
2004 murder in Arlington, Texas, U.S.
in exchange for a sentence of life imprisonment, while Coleman refused a plea deal, was found guilty, and received a death sentence. To support the charges
Murder_of_Davontae_Williams
Sentencing reform is the reform of sentencing. It is a component of the larger concept of criminal justice reform. Sentencing reform aims to address perceived
Sentencing_reform
Mathematical transform that expresses a function of time as a function of frequency
takes a function as input and outputs another function that describes the extent to which various frequencies are present in the original function. The output
Fourier_transform
Work by Gottlob Frege
"Function and Concept" (German: "Funktion und Begriff") is a lecture delivered by Gottlob Frege in Jena at a meeting of the Jenaische Gesellschaft für
Function_and_Concept
Defines whether uppercase and lowercase letters are treated as distinct
distinction; the word should be matched whether it appears at the beginning of a sentence or not. On the other hand, users looking for information about a brand
Case_sensitivity
Study of the languages of Europe
grammatical/sentence functions are expressed through affixes, with one affix expressing exactly one function) and inflecting (i.e. grammatical/sentence functions
Eurolinguistics
Japonic language
subject–object–verb with particles marking the grammatical function of words, and sentence structure is topic–comment. Sentence-final particles are used to add emotional
Japanese_language
Process by which people translate thoughts into spoken, written or signed words
then assigned the grammatical and thematic role it will have in the sentence. Function morphemes, like the plural /s/ or the past tense /ɪd/, are added in
Language_production
Place in prison housing inmates awaiting execution
Lords (which previously functioned as the British court of final appeal), and if the appeal was successful, at that point the sentence was changed to life
Death_row
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SENTENCE FUNCTION
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