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Type of cave
A solutional cave, solution cave, or karst cave is usually formed in a soluble rock like limestone, which is composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Being
Solutional_cave
Cave in Kenya
European visitors contracted Marburg virus disease there. Kitum Cave is a non-solutional cave developed in pyroclastic volcanic rocks, not, as some have presumed
Kitum_Cave
Largest cave passage in the world, located in Quảng Trị, Vietnam
mountain behind Đoòng". Đoòng is the name of a Vân Kiều village. As a solutional cave, it was formed in soluble limestone and is believed to be between two
Hang_Sơn_Đoòng
Cave formed within rock salt
soluble rocks, a distinctive set of landscape features can arise from the solutional process; in this case it is known as salt karst or 'halite karst'. The
Salt_cave
Show cave in New York state
Secret Caverns is a limestone solutional cave, located in Howes Cave, New York. As a show cave, Secret Caverns is open to the public as a tourist attraction
Secret_Caverns
Cave
1881 by local brothers George and William Vanasse. Crystal Cave is a multi-level solutional cave formed in dolomite bedrock in the Prairie du Chien Group
Crystal_Cave_(Wisconsin)
Limestone cave in County Kilkenny, Ireland
Dunmore Cave (from Irish Dún Mór 'great fort') is a limestone solutional cave in Ballyfoyle, County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is formed in Lower Carboniferous
Dunmore_Cave
Cave in North Yorkshire, England
Weathercote Cave is a natural solutional cave in Chapel-le-Dale, North Yorkshire, England. It has been renowned as a natural curiosity since the eighteenth
Weathercote_Cave
Natural void under a planetary surface
sinks"), outflow caves ("from which a stream emerges"), and through caves ("traversed by a stream"). Solutional caves or karst caves are the most frequently
Cave
Limestone cave in Ireland
Kelly's Cave is a limestone solutional cave and National Monument in County Mayo, Ireland. Kelly's Cave lies in woodland 500 m (1,600 ft) northeast of
Kelly's_Cave
Type of cave
formation of solutional caves or lava tubes they may be the most common type of cave. Some talus caves in the Northeastern United States are ice caves, with
Talus_cave
Cave in Arizona
Onyx Cave is a solutional cave system with about 0.5 miles (0.8 km) of passages formed in Permian limestone in the Santa Rita Mountains of Arizona. It
Onyx_Cave_(Arizona)
Cave system in Pokhara, Nepal
The Bat Cave (Chameri Gufa in Nepali language) is a solutional cave in the Kaski District in Pokhara, Nepal. It is known for a habitat of Horseshoe bats
Bat_Cave,_Nepal
Type of cave
known breathing caves are solutional caves, and breathing caves tend to be much longer than most other caves. Four of the ten longest caves in the world
Breathing_cave
Cave in Georgia (US)
Iran, and the deepest in the world being Vrtoglavica Cave in Slovenia. Ellison's is a solutional cave in the Ridge and Valley physiographic region of northwest
Ellison's_Cave
Cave near Ystradfellte, Powys, Wales
Porth yr Ogof is a solutional cave near the village of Ystradfellte, near the southern boundary of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales. It lies
Porth_yr_Ogof
Cave in Vermont, US
Aeolus Cave or Dorset Bat Cave is a marble solutional cave, located 2,520 feet (770 m) up in the Taconic Mountains near East Dorset, Vermont, United States
Aeolus_Cave
Limestone cave in Montana
limestone to form a typical vadose solutional cave with fissure passage 2–3 feet wide and tall ceilings. Lechuguilla Cave Ballensky, Jason (3 August 2024)
Tears_of_the_Turtle_Cave
Limestone cave in the Texas Hill Country
The Cave Without a Name is a limestone solutional cave in the Texas Hill Country region of Central Texas. It is a National Natural Landmark. The cave is
Cave_Without_a_Name
Solutional Cave in Roodafshan
The Roodafshan Cave, or Ghar-e Roodafshan, is a solutional cave located in Roodafshan valley, Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran, in the Alborz mountains
Roodafshan_Cave
Series of limestone caverns in Somerset, England
the cave. It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) for both biological and geological reasons. Wookey Hole cave is a "solutional cave", one
Wookey_Hole_Caves
Cave located in upstate New York
Howe Caverns is a limestone solutional cave, operated as a show cave, in the hamlet of Howes Cave, Schoharie County, New York. Howe Caverns is a popular
Howe_Caverns
Cave in Liuqiu, Pingtung County, Taiwan
inhabitants, she bit off her own tongue and committed suicide. The cave is a solutional cave formed by the gradual erosion of Liuqiu Island's limestone. It
Beauty_Cave
Cave formed by the wave action of the sea
in weakening rock within fissures. As in solutional caves, small speleothems may develop in sea caves. Sea cave chambers sometimes collapse leaving a "littoral
Sea_cave
Cave in southeastern Minnesota
karst topography, which includes caves and sinkholes. Tyson's cave is a solutional cave privately owned by the Minnesota Cave Preserve. It is known for the
Tyson_Spring_Cave
Cave in Liuqiu, Pingtung County, Taiwan
government turned it into a tourist attraction. The cave is a solutional cave. The main entrance of the cave has collapsed leaving only one narrow passage,
Black_Dwarf_Cave
Cave in North Yorkshire, England
Yordas Cave is a solutional cave in Kingsdale, North Yorkshire, England. It has been renowned since the eighteenth century as a natural curiosity, and
Yordas_Cave
Human being who inhabits a cave
caves: caves are rare across most of the world; most caves are dark, cold, and damp; and other cave inhabitants, such as bears and cave bears, cave lions
Cave_dweller
Cave system on Mallorca
dels Hams; "Fishhook Caves") are a solutional cave system on the east coast of the Spanish Balearic Island of Mallorca. The caves are in the municipality
Coves_dels_Hams
Form of earth shelter dwelling in northern China
and then dig the cave horizontally on the four walls to form the underground courtyard. In most parts of western Henan, this form of cave is called the "pit
Yaodong
This list of deepest caves includes the deepest known natural caves according to maximum surveyed depth as of 2025[update]. The depth value is measured
List_of_deepest_caves
Recreational pastime of exploring cave systems
exploring wild cave systems (as distinguished from show caves). In contrast, speleology is the scientific study of caves and the cave environment. The
Caving
Cave in Slovakia
Hrušovská Cave (Slovak: Hrušovská jaskyňa) is a Solutional cave protected as a national natural monument in the cadastral area of the village of Hrušov
Hrušovská_cave
Solutional cave and tourist attraction in the Calaveras County, California
is a solutional cave located in Calaveras County, California, near Vallecito, California in the heart of the state's Gold Country. Moaning Cave is a vertical
Moaning_Cavern
Cave in Connecticut, United States
Tory Cave (or Tory's Cave) is a marble solutional cave near New Milford, Connecticut. The big room has enough space for two dozen people. To protect bat
Tory's Cave (New Milford, Connecticut)
Tory's_Cave_(New_Milford,_Connecticut)
Karst cave in Atiu, Cook Islands
Anatakitaki Cave, or the Cave of the Kopekas, is a karst cave located in the northeast of Atiu, Cook Islands. The cave is a large solutional cave, with many
Anatakitaki_Cave
Limestone cave in Kendall County, Texas, US
a historically, geologically, and biologically important limestone solutional cave 3 mi (4.8 km) south of Boerne, Texas, United States, on 226 Cascade
Cascade_Caverns
Geological feature in Scotland
is a solutional cave system on the Dusk Water in North Ayrshire, Scotland, close to the town of Dalry. The Cleeves, or Cleaves Cove (Scots) cave system
Cleeves_Cove
Structure formed in a cave by the deposition of minerals from water
(spḗlaion) 'cave' and θέμα (théma) 'deposit') is a geological formation made by mineral deposits that accumulate over time in natural caves. They can take
Speleothem
Place in Saudi Arabia
Heet Cave is a natural cave which is located 30 kilometers southeast of Riyadh city, near Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Ein Heet is a solutional cave that is
Ein_Heet_Cave
Elongate mineral formation found on a cave floor
bicarbonate solution in caverns. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the water must be greater than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the cave chamber
Stalagmite
Elongated mineral formation hanging down from a cave ceiling
limestone caves. They form through deposition of calcium carbonate and other minerals, which is precipitated from mineralized water solutions. Limestone
Stalactite
hollowed out by chemical processes—these caves are known as solutional caves. Non-solutional caves are carved out by weathering and are typically of smaller
List_of_caves_of_Maryland
Cave in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA
the outside air pressure rises. Jewel Cave is a solutional cave formed primarily in limestone. Most of the cave formed within the Pahasapa Formation deposited
Jewel_Cave_National_Monument
Geological phenomenon
water flows down the walls or along the floors of a cave. They are typically found in "solution caves", in limestone, where they are the most common speleothem
Flowstone
Settlement in Waikato, New Zealand
officially Waitomo Caves, is a rural community in the King Country region of New Zealand's North Island. There are several solutional cave systems in the
Waitomo
Paintings, often prehistoric, on cave walls and ceilings
archaeology, cave paintings are a type of parietal art (which category also includes petroglyphs, or engravings), found on the wall or ceilings of caves. The
Cave_painting
Topography from dissolved soluble rocks
characterized by features like poljes above and drainage systems with sinkholes and caves underground. There is some evidence that karst may occur in more weathering-resistant
Karst
Species of crayfish
This species has been reported from eight solutional caves in southern Leon County as well as six caves in Wakulla County, Florida. Crandall, K.A. (2010)
Procambarus_orcinus
Protected nature reserve in Gibraltar
Caves and then Spider Cave. Spider Cave is a small solutional cave created from water running down the fissure below Lord Airey's Battery; this cave was
Gibraltar_Nature_Reserve
of longest caves includes caves in which the combined length of documented passageways exceeds 100 kilometres (62 mi). In some of these caves, passageways
List_of_longest_caves
2010 documentary film by Werner Herzog
Cave of Forgotten Dreams is a 2010 3D documentary film by Werner Herzog about the Chauvet Cave in Southern France, which contains some of the oldest human-painted
Cave_of_Forgotten_Dreams
list of caving fatalities in the United States. Between 1980 and 2008, there were a total of 877 incident reports involving 1,356 individual cavers documented
List of United States caving fatalities
List_of_United_States_caving_fatalities
Specialized field of wilderness rescue
Cave rescue is a highly specialized field of wilderness rescue in which injured, trapped or lost cave explorers are medically treated and extracted from
Cave_rescue
Cave crystals constituting box-like blades between bygone bedrocks
weathered away as the cave developed." Boxwork is commonly composed of thin blades of the mineral calcite that project from cave walls or ceilings that
Boxwork
Passage in a cave that is submerged under water
A sump, or siphon, is a passage in a cave that is submerged under water. A sump may be static, with no inward or outward flow, or active, with continuous
Sump_(cave)
Cave in Devon, England
Technologies Team. Kitley Show Cave is a solutional formed in Devonian limestone, laid down some 350-400 Ma ago. The cave is phreatic, formed by a river
Kitley_Show_Cave
Cave in North Yorkshire, England
Skirwith Cave is a major resurgence solutional cave on Ingleborough in Chapel-le-Dale, North Yorkshire, England; it was a show cave between 1964 and 1974
Skirwith_Cave
Gypsum mine in Michigan, United States
north of the Grand River in this area. A small gypsum solutional cave, known as the Pellerito Cave (named after its founder, Russell Pellerito) was discovered
Domtar_mine
many caves. This list compiles those with Wikipedia articles. Onyx Cave Cosmic Cavern Mystic Caverns and Crystal Dome Old Spanish Treasure Cave Blanchard
List_of_caves_in_Arkansas
Closed cave in Texas
Cambria Cavern was a small limestone solutional cave which was discovered on 8 February 2018 when a portion of the cave's roof collapsed, causing sinkhole
Cambria_Cavern
Natural area in Hubei, China
landforms can be found, including cliffs, peak pillars, sinkholes, solutional caves, natural arches, subterranean rivers, hanging valleys, etc., constituting
Enshi_Grand_Canyon
Cave system in England
The Three Counties System is a set of inter-connected limestone solutional cave systems spanning the borders of Cumbria, Lancashire and North Yorkshire
Three_Counties_System
Type of structural collapse
A cave-in is a collapse of a geologic formation, mine or structure which may occur during mining, tunneling, or steep-walled excavation such as trenching
Cave-in
Geologically-formed topological depression
locations. Sinkholes that capture drainage can hold it in large limestone caves. These caves may drain into tributaries of larger rivers. The formation of sinkholes
Sinkhole
Natural cave that contains significant amounts of year-round ice
An ice cave is any type of natural cave (most commonly lava tubes or limestone caves) that contains significant amounts of perennial (year-round) ice
Ice_cave
Bungonia Caves Careys Cave Church Creek Caves Colong Caves Finchs Caves Jenolan Caves (List of caves within the Jenolan Caves karst) St Michaels Cave (Avalon
List of caves in New South Wales
List_of_caves_in_New_South_Wales
Cave formed within the ice of a glacier
A glacier cave is a cave formed within the ice of a glacier. Glacier caves are often called ice caves, but the latter term is properly used to describe
Glacier_cave
Cave, County Clare Badger Pot, County Fermanagh* Ballymaglancy Cave, County Galway Boho Caves, County Fermanagh* Cloyne Cave, County Cork Crag Cave,
List_of_caves_in_Ireland
Spherical speleothem concreted concentrically
A cave pearl is a small, usually spherical, speleothem (cave formation) found in limestone caves. Cave pearls are formed by a concretion of calcium salts
Cave_pearl
The Haitón del Guarataro is a solutional cave system in the Sierra de San Luis in Falcón State, Venezuela, 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south-east of Curimagua
Haitón_del_Guarataro
Cave with significant vertical passages
A pit cave, shaft cave or vertical cave—or often simply called a pit (in the US) and pothole or pot (in the UK); jama in Slavic languages scientific and
Pit_cave
Cave made accessible to the general public for guided visits
A show cave—also called tourist cave, public cave, and, in the United States, commercial cave—is a cave which has been made accessible to the public for
Show_cave
the latest verifiable data. Some caves and cave systems are partially accessible to the general public. Other caves have restricted access; restrictions
List of longest caves in the United States
List_of_longest_caves_in_the_United_States
Small mineral nodes that form in caves
Cave popcorn, or coralloids, are small nodes of calcite, aragonite, or gypsum that form on surfaces in caves, especially limestone caves. They are a common
Cave_popcorn
Pit cave in Aquismón, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
limestones of Middle Cretaceous age. The cave's speleogenesis is still not fully known but is a result of solutional enlargement along a vertical fracture
Cave_of_Swallows
Cave formed in volcanic rock, especially one formed via volcanic processes
cave is any cave formed in volcanic rock, though it typically means caves formed by volcanic processes, which are more properly termed volcanic caves
Lava_cave
Cave in Hayingen, Germany
years ago. The Wimsen cave is estimated to be about one million years old and was created as is typical for a solutional cave by the spring water of
Wimsener_Höhle
Cave in Virginia, United States
show cave located in the Riverside community of Roanoke County, Virginia, USA, four miles west of Salem. The cave is a limestone solution cave. Visitors
Dixie_Caverns
County park in Wisconsin (US)
entrance and also has a small crevice entrance. It is a square tube solutional cave that is quiet and dry. About nine feet below the entrance is a natural
Cherney Maribel Caves County Park
Cherney_Maribel_Caves_County_Park
National monument in Oregon, United States
through the cave was renamed for the mythological Styx and added to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Oregon Caves is a solutional cave, with passages
Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve
Oregon_Caves_National_Monument_and_Preserve
2018 international rescue mission in Thailand
June 2018, a junior football team became trapped in Tham Luang Nang Non, a cave system in Chiang Rai province, northern Thailand. Twelve members of the team
Tham_Luang_cave_rescue
River in New York, United States
notable for running through the Natural Stone Bridge and Caves, a series of marble solutional caves which was formed by the river over the course of 14,000
Trout Brook (Schroon River tributary)
Trout_Brook_(Schroon_River_tributary)
Sauta Cave Shelta Cave On Your Knees Cave Trail Creek Caves Antelope Cave Bat Cave mine Cave of the Bells Colossal Cave Coronado Cave Grand Canyon Caverns
List of caves in the United States
List_of_caves_in_the_United_States
Cave entrance barricade
A cave gate is a manmade barricade typically placed at, or just inside, the entrance to a cave in an effort to impede or mitigate human access to a cave's
Cave_gate
2014 rescue operation in Germany
occurred at Riesending Cave between 8–19 June 2014, in Bavaria, Germany, after a speleologist who had been exploring the cave in a group of three suffered
Riesending_Cave_rescue
Science of cave and karst systems
(from Ancient Greek σπήλαιον (spḗlaion) 'cave' and -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of caves and other karst features, as well as their
Speleology
Waterfall located underground
waterfall is a waterfall located underground, usually in a cave or mine. They are a common feature in cave systems where there are vertical or near vertical geological
Subterranean_waterfall
Overview of and topical guide to caves
following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to natural caves. The word cave is loosely defined, but most commonly refers to a natural opening
Outline_of_caves
Shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
and are typically modest in size compared to deeper formations like solutional caves. Rock shelter formation types Frost weathering weakens a rock face
Rock_shelter
Cave in Lancashire, England
connects with the bottom of the first pitch in the main cave. The cave is a solutional cave formed in Visean Great Scar limestone from the Mississippian
Long_Drop_Cave
Snowflake-like speleothem
Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico, US. Diagram of dripstone cave structures (frostwork labelled AA) Cave popcorn with frostwork Hill, C. and Forti, P. (1997), Cave Minerals
Frostwork_(geology)
Groundwater source in certain geological conditions
terminus of a cave drainage system at the place where a river cave reaches the Earth's surface, it is often possible to enter the caves from karst springs
Karst_spring
Type of dripstone in soft sediment
There are a few variations on cave conulites formed in very similar ways but different enough to have their own names. Cave birdbaths. These are low-angle
Conulite
Animals that live underground
also able to live underground (eutroglophiles), and species that are only cave visitors (subtroglophiles and trogloxenes). Land-dwelling troglobites may
List_of_troglobites
Speleothem whose axis changes
A helictite is a speleothem (cave-formed mineral) found in a limestone cave that changes its axis from the vertical at one or more stages during its growth
Helictite
Cave in Argentina
reserve (Reserva Provincial Caverna de las Brujas) in 1990. It is a solutional limestone cave, formed by Jurassic sedimentary rock that rose from the ocean
Witches'_Cave
Cave system in the south of New Zealand
Zealandia sea. It is a solutional cave. Glow worms or titiwai (Arachnocampa luminosa) find a natural habitat in the Clifden Cave System because of its
Clifden_Limestone_Caves
Solutional cave system in Shmankivtsi, Ukraine
Lysenia Cave is a cavern in the village of Shmankivtsi, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. Cadastral number - No. 27, registered in the Ternopil
Lysenia_Cave
Origin and development of caves
Speleogenesis is the origin and development of caves, the primary process that determines essential features of the hydrogeology of karst and guides its
Speleogenesis
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