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Class of molecules formed by ultraviolet irradiation of organic compounds
Tholins (after the Greek θολός (tholós) "hazy" or "muddy"; from the ancient Greek word meaning "sepia ink") are a wide variety of organic compounds formed
Tholin
Solar system objects beyond Neptune
macromolecules, named tholins, created by intense radiation. Four major tholins are used to fit the reddening slope: Titan tholin, believed to be produced
Trans-Neptunian_object
Swedish politician (1860–1927)
Claes Emil Tholin (born 22 October 1860 in the former Södra Säm parish near Gällstad, Älvsborgs län) was the first leader of the Swedish Social Democratic
Claes_Tholin
Largest natural satellite of Pluto
pole of Charon is composed of tholins, organic macromolecules that may be essential ingredients of life. These tholins were produced from methane, nitrogen
Charon_(moon)
Swedish online newspaper
owners Tino Sanandaji and Pontus Tholin each reported the other to the Swedish police for various types of fraud. Tholin stated that the paper should file
Bulletin_(online_newspaper)
Void between celestial bodies
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Outer_space
Atmospheric phenomenon causing planetary cooling
Saturn's moon Titan. In Titan's stratosphere, a haze composed of organic tholin aerosols simultaneously absorbs sunlight and is nearly transparent to infrared
Anti-greenhouse_effect
Dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
reflective, covered largely by frozen methane, and stained reddish-brown by tholins. Makemake has one known moon, which has not been named. The orbit of this
Makemake
Swedish politician (born 1957)
Swedish Social Democratic Party and became in 2011 the first since Claes Tholin in 1907 to leave that position without having served as Prime Minister of
Mona_Sahlin
Giant planet mostly made of light elements
storms. Tholins are brown organic compounds found within the surface of various planets that are formed by exposure to UV irradiation. The tholins that exist
Gas_giant
Kuiper belt object
planetesimals 4.5 billion years ago. The surface of Arrokoth is tinted red by tholins and shows little cratering, which suggests that it has undergone little
486958_Arrokoth
Matter with biological processes
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Life
Layer of gasses surrounding the moon Titan
produced by other more complex chemicals in small quantities, possibly tholins, tar-like organic precipitates. The presence of a significant atmosphere
Atmosphere_of_Titan
Political party
resignation. Sahlin and Juholt become the first SAP party leaders since Claes Tholin, who was party leader 1896–1907, to not become Prime Ministers of Sweden
Swedish Social Democratic Party
Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party
Dwarf planet in the scattered-disc
Gonggong is very red, likely due to the presence of organic compounds called tholins on its surface. Water ice is also present on its surface, which hints at
Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)
Type of Solar System object
suggested to be a mixture of 15% Triton-like tholins, 8% Titan-like tholin, 37% amorphous carbon and 40% ice tholin. Chiron appears to be the most complex.
Centaur (small Solar System body)
Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)
Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Water
is possible that areas of Titan's surface may be coated in a layer of tholins, but this has not been confirmed. The presence of rain indicates that Titan
Climate_of_Titan
Ringed dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
June 2002. Quaoar has a reddish surface made of crystalline water ice, tholins, and traces of frozen methane. Quaoar has two thin rings orbiting outside
Quaoar
Hypothesis of hidden life in space
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Dark_forest_hypothesis
Distant body in the outer Solar System
ethane, along with sedimentary deposits of methane-derived, reddish-colored tholins, a chemical makeup similar to the surfaces of other trans-Neptunian objects
Sedna_(dwarf_planet)
Trans-Neptunian dwarf planet
water ice, tholins, methane ice and ammonia hydrate gives a slightly inferior result. On the other hand, a mixture of only ammonia hydrate, tholins and water
Orcus_(dwarf_planet)
Type of intense dust storm
of liquid methane droplets, and the dust is likely composed of organic tholins. weather portal Bora (wind) Dry thunderstorm Dust devil Intertropical Convergence
Haboob
Swedish politician (born 1955)
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Lars_Stjernkvist
Sixth planet from the Sun
thickness. They are composed predominantly of water ice, with trace amounts of tholin impurities and a peppered coating of approximately 7% amorphous carbon.
Saturn
Musical artist
singing his father's songs. He was usually accompanied by guitarist Love Tholin. In summer 2006, Jack Vreeswijk appeared in a biographical musical show
Jack_Vreeswijk
Organic compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ethanol
Swedish politician, Prime Minister of Sweden, 1932–36 and 1936–46
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Per_Albin_Hansson
Castle in Lot-et-Garonne, France
de Préhistoire website (in French). Retrieved 20 February 2019. Philippe Tholin, "Le château de Sauveterre-la-Lémance", p. 371-377, in La vallée de la Lémance
Château_des_Rois_ducs
Historical region of France
Alexander Riese, Geographi Latini Minores, 1878, "Notitia Galliarum" p. 143 Tholin, G. "L'Agenais (in French)". Imago Mundi. Serge Jodra. Retrieved 11 December
Agenais
Chemical compound with formula NaCl
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Sodium_chloride
Poisonous and flammable gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_sulfide
Swedish politician (1860–1925)
Party political offices Preceded by Claes Tholin Leader of the Social Democratic Party 1907–1925 Succeeded by Per Albin Hansson Political offices Preceded by
Hjalmar_Branting
Colourless non-flammable greenhouse gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Nitrous_oxide
Largest moon of Saturn
2013, NASA reported that complex organic chemicals, collectively called tholins, likely arise on Titan, based on studies simulating the atmosphere of Titan
Titan_(moon)
Life arising from non-living matter
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Abiogenesis
Covalent chemical bond between hydrogen and carbon atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbon–hydrogen_bond
Main-belt Themistian asteroid
Organic compounds were also detected on the surface of Themis in the form of tholins, high-molecular weight organics found in the outer solar system, distinguished
24_Themis
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Dimethyl_ether
Earth-size exoplanet orbiting Kepler-1649
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Kepler-1649c
Prime Minister of Sweden from 1946 to 1969
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Tage_Erlander
Hydrocarbon compound (CH4) in natural gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methane
Geologic structure and composition of Charon
northern regions of Charon are composed partially of hydrocarbons and tholins, whereas the lower latitudes are more diverse in composition. Researchers
Geology_of_Charon
Life that does not originate on Earth
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Extraterrestrial_life
Experiment testing the origin of life
reactions to synthesize and experiment with complex organic particles dubbed "tholins", which likely resemble particles formed in hazy atmospheres like that
Miller–Urey_experiment
Persistent storm in Jupiter's atmosphere
which produces a reddish material—likely complex organic compounds called tholins. The high altitude of the compounds may also contribute to the coloring
Great_Red_Spot
Organic compound (HOCH2–CHO)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Glycolaldehyde
Carbon-oxygen gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbon_dioxide
CH3OH; simplest possible alcohol
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methanol
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_peroxide
Isotope of hydrogen with one neutron
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Deuterium
Astronomer and planetary scientist (1933–2013)
atmospheres and of molecules relevant to biology. He published several papers on tholins, the organic molecules formed by ultraviolet radiation or cosmic rays.
Bishun_Khare
Molecule composed of any two atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Diatomic_molecule
Asteroid sharing the orbit of Jupiter
their surface has been obtained, but it is thought that they are coated in tholins, organic polymers formed by the Sun's radiation. The Jupiter trojans' densities
Jupiter_trojan
Future NASA mission to Titan
acquired some atmospheric and surface measurements on Titan, detecting tholins, which are a mix of various types of hydrocarbons (organic compounds) in
Dragonfly_(Titan_space_probe)
Compact notation for chemical compounds
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Chemical_formula
Estimate of extraterrestrial civilizations
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Drake_equation
Chemical group (=CH2)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methylene_(compound)
Chemical group (–OCH3)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methoxy_group
Scientific assessments on the microbial habitability of Titan
addition of UV radiation, complex molecules and polymer substances like tholins can be generated. The reaction starts with dissociation of nitrogen and
Life_on_Titan
Dust floating in space
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Cosmic_dust
Collection of bodies in the extreme Solar System
expected to have large amounts of surface methane, chemically altered into tholins by sunlight from the Sun. This would absorb blue light, creating a reddish
Scattered_disc
Area of the Solar System beyond the planets, comprising small bodies
chemically altered methane on the surface of KBOs, producing products such as tholins. Makemake has been shown to possess a number of hydrocarbons derived from
Kuiper_belt
Bishun Khare, Indian-American atmospheric chemist who researched Pluto's tholin cycle WGPSN Kiladze 28°23′N 212°55′E / 28.39°N 212.92°E / 28.39; 212
List of craters in the Solar System
List_of_craters_in_the_Solar_System
Chemical acid found in vinegar
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Acetic_acid
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Helium_hydride_ion
Chemical compound (SiH4)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Silane
Most massive dwarf planet
and uniform. Pluto's reddish color is thought to be due to deposits of tholins on its surface, and where these deposits darken the surface, the lower
Eris_(dwarf_planet)
Class of organic compounds with general structure RN=C=NR'
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbodiimide
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbonyl_sulfide
Caustic soda, with formula NaOH
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Sodium_hydroxide
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Pyrene
NASA space mission to Jupiter and Europa
identifying and mapping the distributions of organics (including amino acids and tholins), salts, acid hydrates, water ice phases, and other materials. The principal
Europa_Clipper
Organic ammonia derivative
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methylamine
Hydrocarbon compound (HC≡CH)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Acetylene
Moon of Pluto
responsible for the presence of reddish material, likely tholins, on its surface. In this case, tholins on the surface of Nix may have originated from the reaction
Nix_(moon)
Resonant trans-Neptunian object
various complex organic compounds. These complex organic compounds, called tholins, color the object's surface red and are thought to be byproducts of ice
(84522)_2002_TC302
Prime Minister of Sweden (1969–76; 1982–86)
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Olof_Palme
Proposed sample-return mission to a comet
compounds early in its development by tholin-rich comets, providing the raw material necessary for life to emerge. Tholins were detected by the Rosetta mission
CAESAR_(spacecraft)
Electrically neutral group of two or more atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Molecule
Triatomic oxygen molecule
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ozone
99.9% pure water ice with a smattering of impurities that may include tholins or silicates. The main rings are primarily composed of particles smaller
Rings_of_Saturn
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ammonia
Polymer derived from more than one species of monomer
example. Copolymers section of Polymer article Thermoplastic elastomer Tholin McNaught, A. D.; Wilkinson, A. (1996). "Glossary of basic terms in polymer
Copolymer
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_cyanide
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Nitrogen
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ammonium
Organic compound ((CH3)2CO); simplest ketone
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Acetone
Idea that humanity is the first intelligent life
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Firstborn_hypothesis
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
that they are composed of abiotic organic compounds collectively called tholins. The morphology of Europa's impact craters and ridges is suggestive of
Europa_(moon)
Main-belt asteroid
space-weathered with the composition of primitive organic compounds, including tholins. Fortuna is 225 km in diameter and has one of the darkest known geometric
19_Fortuna
Chemical compound of sulfur and oxygen
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Sulfur_dioxide
Moon of Orcus
which suggests that its surface composition may be similar to those of tholin-covered Kuiper belt objects. Vanth's reddish color and apparent lack of
Vanth_(moon)
Heavy organic molecular substances that are found in crude oil
inhibitors that can be used by continuous treatment or squeeze treatments. Tholin Mullins, O. C. et al. (eds.) (2007) Asphaltenes, Heavy Oils and Petroleomics
Asphaltene
Organic compound (H–CHO); simplest aldehyde
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Formaldehyde
Swedish non-governmental rights organization
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Olof Palme International Center
Olof_Palme_International_Center
Chemical group (–CH3) derived from methane
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methyl_group
Chemical element with atomic number 18 (Ar)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Argon
Alkyne hydrocarbon compound with three carbon atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Propyne
Swedish politician and former MEP
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Marita_Ulvskog
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
Boy/Male
Tamil
Subramanyam | ஸà¯à®ªà¯à®°à®®à®£à¯à®¯à®®
Female
Spanish
Spanish form of Greek Hagne, YNEZ means "chaste; holy."
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian
Lord Shiva, Ram and Indra
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Day Lord; Sun
Female
Egyptian
, Buto, The Lake.
Girl/Female
Indian, Sikh
Lotus in the Lamp of Light
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Shiva, The Sun
Female
Greek
(ΘÎκλα) Contracted form of Greek Theokleia, THEKLA means "glory of God."
Girl/Female
Latin
Defender of man.
Boy/Male
Tamil
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Thole