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Causing boiling at lower temperature via lower pressure
at room temperature. The vacuum evaporation treatment process consists of reducing the interior pressure of the evaporation chamber below atmospheric
Vacuum_evaporation
Common method of thin-film deposition
Evaporation is a common method of thin-film deposition. The source material is evaporated in a vacuum. The vacuum allows vapor particles to travel directly
Evaporation_(deposition)
Device used in chemical laboratories
mechanism to quickly lift the evaporation flask from the heating bath. The vacuum system used with rotary evaporators can be as simple as a water aspirator
Rotary_evaporator
Crystal growth process
John E.; Pankey, Titus (1968). "Epitaxial GaAs films deposited by vacuum evaporation". J. Appl. Phys. 39 (4): 1941–1948. Bibcode:1968JAP....39.1941D. doi:10
Molecular-beam_epitaxy
Fresh water production device
the brine pump. Working under vacuum also reduces the temperature required to boil seawater and thus permits evaporators to be used with lower-temperature
Evaporator_(marine)
A vacuum insulated evaporator (VIE) is a form of pressure vessel that allows the bulk storage of cryogenic liquids including oxygen, nitrogen and argon
Vacuum_insulated_evaporator
chamber Vacuum distillation Vacuum evaporation Vacuum flange Vacuum furnace Vacuum gauge Vacuum grease Vacuum oven Vacuum packing Vacuum pump Vacuum tube
Vacuum_engineering
Machine transforming a liquid into a gas
An evaporator is a type of heat exchanger device that facilitates evaporation by utilizing conductive and convective heat transfer, which provides the
Evaporator
Unsweetened milk product derived from cow's milk
process involves the evaporation of 60% of the water from the milk, followed by homogenization, canning and heat sterilization. Evaporated milk consumes half
Evaporated_milk
Device that cools air through the evaporation of water
and wet air cooler) is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. Evaporative cooling differs from other air conditioning systems, which
Evaporative_cooler
Low-pressure and low-temperature distillation method
can easily be evaporated using rotary evaporation. Even less volatile solvents can be removed by rotary evaporation under high vacuum and with heating
Vacuum_distillation
Hypothetical vacuum, less stable than true vacuum
In quantum field theory, a false vacuum is a hypothetical vacuum state that is locally stable but does not occupy the most stable possible ground state
False_vacuum
Device that controls current between electrodes
A vacuum tube, vac tube, electron tube, thermionic valve (British usage), or tube (North America) is a device that controls electric current flow in a
Vacuum_tube
Double-walled insulated storage vessel
vapour-cooled neck, both of which help to reduce evaporation from the flask. In laboratories and industry, vacuum flasks are often used to hold liquefied gases
Vacuum_flask
Space that is empty of matter
A vacuum (pl.: vacuums or vacua) is space devoid of matter. The word is derived from the Latin adjective vacuus (neuter vacuum) meaning "vacant" or "void"
Vacuum
Treatment to dry materials
increases the rate of evaporation significantly. The result is a significantly increased drying rate of the product. The vacuum drying process is a batch
Vacuum_drying
up. As vapour forms inside the tubes it flows upwards. This evaporation occurs under vacuum conditions that allow for the use of lower temperatures. Juice
Rising_film_evaporator
Background energy existing in space
Vacuum energy is an underlying background energy that exists in space throughout the entire universe. The vacuum energy is a special case of zero-point
Vacuum_energy
Thin sauce made from vegetables or fruits
the sauce may acquire a jam-like taste when heated, so sometimes vacuum evaporation is used to boil the mixture at a lower temperature. While fruit coulis
Coulis
Backflow prevention device
minimize evaporation and eliminate sewer gas odors. Atmospheric vacuum breaker Check valve Pressure vacuum breaker Marcello, Tony (2015-12-08). "Vacuum Breakers:
Vacuum_breaker
Rapid cooling technique using the principle of evaporative cooling
Vacuum cooling is a rapid cooling technique for any porous product that has free water and uses the principle of evaporative cooling. Vacuum cooling is
Vacuum_cooling
Piece of laboratory glassware
of the evaporating dish encourages evaporation in two ways: The shell is relatively flat. A relatively large liquid surface promotes evaporation. If heated
Evaporating_dish
Glass jar used in scientific experiments
moisture-sensitive items Pet tree – Keyring or mobile phone accessory Vacuum evaporation – Causing boiling at lower temperature via lower pressure Bell Jar
Bell_jar
Topics referred to by the same term
processes: Vacuum evaporation Flash evaporation Multi-effect distillation Mechanisms for performing evaporation: Rotary evaporator, a vacuum evaporator, typically
Evaporator_(disambiguation)
Form of physical vapor deposition
substrate either by reactive evaporation or by co-evaporation. In the reactive evaporation process, the metal is evaporated from the ingot by the electron
Electron-beam physical vapor deposition
Electron-beam_physical_vapor_deposition
Artificial vacuum with very low pressure
Ultra-high vacuum (often spelled ultrahigh in American English, UHV) is the vacuum regime characterised by pressure lower than about 1×10−9 torrs (1×10−9 mbar;
Ultra-high_vacuum
Former manufacturing company in the UK
underground brine using natural or wild pumping. The salt was extracted by vacuum evaporation and was of a high quality. It was used for human consumption under
New_Cheshire_Salt_Works
pressure and vacuum. Instruments used to measure and display pressure mechanically are called pressure gauges, vacuum gauges or compound gauges (vacuum & pressure)
Pressure_measurement
Transition from solid to gas without melting
and arsenic, sublimation from solid state is much more achievable than evaporation from liquid state and it is difficult to obtain them as liquids. This
Sublimation
Apparatus for efficiently boiling water by recycling waste heat from steam
large volumes of water must be evaporated, such as salt production and water desalination. Multiple-effect evaporation commonly uses sensible heat in
Multiple-effect_evaporator
help to establish and maintain vacuums by soaking up or bonding to gas molecules that remain within a partial vacuum. This is done through the use of
Non-evaporable_getter
mirror with a much longer lasting aluminum coating using thermal vacuum evaporation. In 1932, he became the first person to "aluminize" a mirror; three
History_of_the_telescope
Equipment generating a relative vacuum
A vacuum pump is a type of pump device that draws gas particles from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum. The first vacuum pump was
Vacuum_pump
Method of removing air from a package prior to sealing
and package. Vacuum packing reduces atmospheric oxygen, limiting the growth of aerobic bacteria or fungi, and preventing the evaporation of volatile components
Vacuum_packing
Superconducting circuit element
counterelectrode and superconducting interconnects were deposited by vacuum evaporation. The results were far from being satisfactory: the quality of junction
Josephson_junction
Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
reduce evaporation of the filament and prevent its oxidation. The gas is at a pressure of about 70 kPa (0.7 atm). The gas reduces evaporation of the filament
Incandescent_light_bulb
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
cm−2.[citation needed] Vacuum evaporation (VE) is a method to prepare alpha-Si thin films. During this process, Si evaporates and deposits on a metallic
Solid-state_battery
Industrial device
exchanger. In general evaporation takes place inside vertical tubes, but there are also applications where the process fluid evaporates on the outside of
Falling_film_evaporator
Chemical compound, food additive and dye
ambipolar organic semiconductors when deposited as thin films by vacuum evaporation. Indigo has a low oral toxicity, with an LD50 of 5 g/kg (0.5% of total
Indigo_dye
Sucrose sugar product with a distinctive brown color
with traditional practices that do not make use of industrialized vacuum evaporators or centrifuges.[citation needed] They are commonly boiled in open
Brown_sugar
Method of producing salt
evaporate the brine into salt. Sometimes it is paired with a partial-vacuum, to speed evaporation. Alberger process Kristjánsson, Ingólfur (1992). "Commercial
Grainer_evaporation_process
A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples
Centrifugal_evaporator
Role in human culture
in one of two principal ways: the evaporation of salt water (brine) or mining. Evaporation can be by solar evaporation or using some heating device. In
History_of_salt
Steam engine component
offline options, depending on the plant's site-specific conditions. Vacuum evaporation Vacuum refrigeration Ocean Thermal Energy (OTEC) Replacing barometric
Surface_condenser
Hypothetical astrophysical effect
is evaporation of a primordial black hole. A broad range of measurements at KM3NeT and IceCube are consistent with primordial black hole evaporation assuming
Hawking_radiation
Type of field-effect transistor
organic semiconductor in its channel. OFETs can be prepared either by vacuum evaporation of small molecules, by solution-casting of polymers or small molecules
Organic field-effect transistor
Organic_field-effect_transistor
Method of separating mixtures
inorganic components. The unit process of evaporation may also be called "distillation": In rotary evaporation a vacuum distillation apparatus is used to remove
Distillation
1982 Japanese TV series or program
0.05 seconds. When no longer needing the armor, Gavan utters the "Vacuum Evaporation" command for his Combat Suit to be sent back to the Dolgiran. He is
Space_Sheriff_Gavan
Reactive material used to create a vacuum in a system
deposit of reactive material that is placed inside a vacuum system to complete and maintain the vacuum. When gas molecules strike the getter material, they
Getter
anaerobic sludge blanket digestion Urine-diverting dry toilet Vermifilter Vacuum evaporation Wet oxidation Water portal Agricultural wastewater treatment Industrial
List of wastewater treatment technologies
List_of_wastewater_treatment_technologies
Gaseous phase of water
annual evaporation map. The measurements range from under 30 to over 120 inches per year. Formulas can be used for calculating the rate of evaporation from
Water_vapor
Chemical compound
and evaporated by vacuum evaporation (with special care to avoid decomposition of the salt by overheating). The solid obtained is dried under vacuum at
Sodium_trifluoroacetate
Chemical compound
film by chemical vapour deposition techniques including MOVPE and vacuum evaporation. ZnSe is insoluble in water, but dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric
Zinc_selenide
Research reactor in Trombay, India
operation two years late in 2005. During refurbishing, a low-temperature vacuum evaporation-based desalination unit was also coupled to the reactor to serve as
CIRUS_reactor
Vacuum grease is a lubricant with low volatility and is used for applications in low pressure environments. Lubricants with higher volatility would evaporate
Vacuum_grease
Display used in consumer electronics
A vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) is a display device once commonly used on consumer electronics equipment such as video cassette recorders, car radios
Vacuum_fluorescent_display
Type of electron microscope
thin metal layer on the surface of the sample." This is achieved via vacuum evaporation coating or sputter coating. For elements with atomic numbers 8 through
Scanning_electron_microscope
Type of beverage
breweries utilize vacuum evaporation to reduce the boiling temperature which better maintains flavor: the beer is placed under a light vacuum to facilitate
Low-alcohol_beer
Early high speed computer memory
permalloy, an iron–nickel alloy, deposited on small glass plates by vacuum evaporation techniques and a mask. The drive and sense lines were then added using
Thin-film_memory
Type of ejector-jet pump
A vacuum ejector, or simply ejector, or aspirator, is a type of vacuum pump, which produces vacuum by means of the Venturi effect. In an ejector, a working
Vacuum_ejector
Milk fat rendered from butter
production also include direct evaporation, but may also be accomplished by decantation and centrifugation followed by vacuum drying, or it may be obtained
Clarified_butter
Telescope for observations with visible light
of the first to coat a mirror with aluminum. He did it by thermal vacuum evaporation. The first mirror he aluminized, in 1932, is the earliest known example
Optical_telescope
Indian brand of salt
Chandrasekaran (Chairman) R. Mukundan (Managing Director) Products Vacuum evaporated salt Brands Tata Salt Parent Tata Consumer Products Website Official
Tata_Salt
Type of electric arc
A vacuum arc can arise when the surfaces of metal electrodes in contact with a good vacuum begin to emit electrons either through heating (thermionic emission)
Vacuum_arc
Thermally driven separation process
to the ambient. The hot steam flows to the first evaporation–condensation stage (stage 1). Evaporation–condensation stages: Stages are composed of alternative
Membrane_distillation
Type of technology to produce and use fluids or secondary refrigerants
commercialized desalination methods are multi-stage flash evaporation, vapor-compression, multi-effect evaporation, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis. Theoretically
Pumpable_ice_technology
Nanofabrication method for overlapping structures
Niemeyer–Dolan technique, also called the Dolan technique, angular evaporation, or the shadow evaporation technique, is a thin-film lithographic method to create
Niemeyer–Dolan_technique
Luminescent substance
aluminium (about 100 nm) is deposited over the phosphors, usually by vacuum evaporation, and connected to the conductive layer inside the tube. This layer
Phosphor
Juice made from oranges
squeezed orange juice is pasteurized and filtered before being evaporated under vacuum and heat. After removal of most of the water, this concentrate
Orange_juice
Method of coating solid surfaces with thin films
Green, Julissa (1 September 2023). "Electron Beam Evaporation VS Thermal Evaporation". Stanford Advanced Materials. Retrieved 8 July 2024. Donald
Physical_vapor_deposition
versions: vapor compression (VC), and vacuum vapor compression (VVC). VC designates those systems in which the evaporation effect takes place at manometric
Vapor-compression desalination
Vapor-compression_desalination
Telescopes which utilize curved mirrors to form an image
of the first to coat a mirror with aluminum. He did it by thermal vacuum evaporation. The first mirror he aluminized, in 1932, is the earliest known example
Reflecting_telescope
Edible mixture of glucose and fructose, obtained from sucrose hydrolysis
raised to inactivate the invertase, but the syrup is concentrated in a vacuum evaporator to preserve color. Though inverted sugar syrup can be made by heating
Inverted_sugar_syrup
Town and district capital in Johor, Malaysia
Plantations, and Harrisons & Crosfield. Industrial innovations, such as the vacuum evaporation of latex developed by Revertex, were introduced locally. Notable rubber
Kluang
American electrical engineer (1925–2011)
and not capable of being used for long periods of time. Vacuum evaporators for evaporating metals also needed to be more robust and readily controlled
Julius_Blank
Substance spread over a surface
sputtering Pulsed laser deposition Sputter deposition Vacuum deposition Vacuum evaporation, evaporation (deposition) Pulsed electron deposition (PED) Conversion
Coating
Type of coating
Dry process: High-vacuum evaporation, cathode sputtering, gas and metal plating, and conductive paint spraying. The high-vacuum technique only works
Plastic_coating
Subsidiary of Canon Inc.
About Canon Tokki". Canon Tokki Corporation. "Tokki to double its vacuum evaporation equipment capacity to meet OLED demand | OLED-Info". www.oled-info
Canon_Tokki
Devices using beams of free electrons
can lead to evaporation, making an electron beam an excellent tool in heating applications, such as welding or electron beam evaporation. Electron beam
Electron-beam_technology
Method of coating solid surfaces
Vacuum deposition is a group of processes used to deposit layers of material atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule on a solid surface. These processes operate
Vacuum_deposition
Process of removing dirt and stains from carpets
cleaning solution which is attracted to the compound must evaporate), it will be removed with a vacuum cleaner, the drier the better, leaving carpet immediately
Carpet_cleaning
Chemical compound
filtration. The solution is vacuum evaporated at 40–50 °C and 1–2 mmHg until the dihydrate crystallizes out. The crystals are vacuum-dried to produce a free-flowing
Sodium_hypochlorite
Switch using electrical contacts in a vacuum
In electrical engineering, a vacuum interrupter is a switch which uses electrical contacts in a vacuum. It is the core component of medium-voltage circuit-breakers
Vacuum_interrupter
Single-grid amplifying vacuum tube having three active electrodes
A triode is an electronic amplifying vacuum tube (or thermionic valve in British English) consisting of three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope:
Triode
Mineral company
capacity of 1.5 million tons.[citation needed] Mechanical evaporation uses high-efficiency vacuum processes to produce high-purity, fine- and coarse-grained
Compass_Minerals
Method of thin film application
high melting points are easily sputtered while evaporation of these materials in a resistance evaporator or Knudsen cell is problematic or impossible.
Sputter_deposition
Characteristic temperature for a substance
temperatures below their boiling points through the process of evaporation. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon in which molecules located near the liquid's
Boiling_point
Semiconductor Fabrication Technique
the vacuum-evaporated amorphous silicon with poly-crystalline silicon obtained by vapor-phase deposition. This step became necessary since evaporated, amorphous
Self-aligned_gate
1000 nm) located outside the vacuum chamber to heat sources of material in order to generate a flux of vapor via evaporation or sublimation. Owing to the
Thermal_laser_epitaxy
Analytical chemistry technique
tube as they enter the vacuum, promoting droplet evaporation and ion emission. These methods of increasing droplet evaporation now allow the use of liquid
Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Liquid_chromatography–mass_spectrometry
American engineer
technology, monochrome and color television, telephony, and high-vacuum evaporation. He was a fellow of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
Glenn_Dimmick
Fruit preserved by removing most moisture
fruit is frozen and placed in a drying chamber under a vacuum. Heat is applied, and water evaporates from the fruit while it is still frozen. The fruit becomes
Dried_fruit
Type of filter for liquid
environmental concerns due to solvent evaporation led to the development of this type of filter wherein filtration under vacuum or pressure can be carried out
Agitated_Nutsche_filter
Factory that processes sugar cane to produce raw or white sugar
(remove suspended solids from the juice, typically mud, waxes, fibres) Evaporation of water (to concentrate the juice to a thick syrup of about 65°brix)
Sugarcane_mill
African-American physicist
; Pankey, Titus (March 1968). "Epitaxial GaAs Films Deposited by Vacuum Evaporation". Journal of Applied Physics. 39 (4): 1941–1948. Bibcode:1968JAP.
Titus_Pankey
American food scientist
overconcentrated orange juice might restore the flavor and aroma lost during vacuum evaporation. He took the idea to USDA researchers, the folks with the equipment
C._D._Atkins
flash (MSF) distillation process, whereby seawater was boiled under vacuum, evaporated and condensed into a freshwater distillate. In 1997, the MSF plant
Desalination_by_country
Machine that removes heat from a liquid coolant
evaporator in the lower shell and is sprayed over the evaporator tube bundle. Due to the extreme vacuum of the lower shell [6 mm Hg (0.8 kPa) absolute pressure]
Chiller
Backflow prevention device
A pressure vacuum breaker (PVB) is a type of backflow prevention device, used to keep non-potable (or contaminated) water from entering the water supply
Pressure_vacuum_breaker
Materials for use in vacuum need to show very low rates of outgassing in vacuum and, where applicable, be tolerant to bake-out temperatures. The requirements
Materials_for_use_in_vacuum
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