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An Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement (ABSA) is an agreement that defines the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic
Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement
Access_and_Benefit_Sharing_Agreement
2010 global treaty on biological diversity
Diversity, also known as the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS), is a 2010 supplementary agreement to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity
Nagoya_Protocol
Genetic data and other related data
to regulate, and to share in benefits derived from, their nation's genetic resources by arranging Access and Benefit Sharing Agreements with users. Academic
Digital_sequence_information
Plant varieties of cannabis
protocol or other similar mechanisms of Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement. In addition to pure indica, sativa, and ruderalis varieties, hybrid varieties
Cannabis_strain
Economic and social systems that enable shared access to assets
economy of sharing. The term "sharing economy" began to appear around the time of the Great Recession, enabling social technologies, and an increasing
Sharing_economy
Confidential contractual agreements
Impact Benefit Agreements (IBA) are confidential contractual agreements typically signed between local and Indigenous communities and industrial proponents
Impact_Benefit_Agreements
Financial structure in which a portion of income is paid for a fixed number of years
allows its citizens to have income sharing agreements. One of the most frequently cited concerns with Income Share Agreements is that they are a form of indentured
Income_share_agreement
Right of exclusive control over a plant
Germplasm Seedbank Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement Farmers' rights / Peasants' rights Convention on Biological Diversity and Nagoya Protocol to the
Plant_breeders'_rights
Fund to finance biodiversity conservation
of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) in 2010. While the protocol established rules for sharing benefits from physical genetic resources
Cali_Fund
Plant genetic resources materials and uses
Diversity and Nagoya Protocol UPOV Convention on New Varieties of Plants Farmers rights / Peasants' rights Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement Genetic
Plant_genetic_resources
Science of changing the traits of plants
Bioprospecting / biopiracy / Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement Plant Treaty / Convention on Biological Diversity and Nagoya Protocol UPOV Convention
Plant_breeding
International agreement for ocean protection
monetary benefits. Furthermore, an access and benefit-sharing (ABS) committee will be established with the purpose of providing guidelines for the benefit-sharing
High_Seas_Treaty
the office, and provides a cheap, flexible alternative for companies looking for an office outside of their home. The main benefit of sharing an office
Office_sharing
Research dataset dissemination to enable access/use by investigators
Data sharing denotes the dissemination of research datasets to enable access and use by other investigators. Policies governing this practice are increasingly
Data_sharing
Written contract entered into by a couple before marriage or a civil union
A prenuptial agreement, antenuptial agreement, or premarital agreement (commonly referred to as a prenup), is a written contract entered into by a couple
Prenuptial_agreement
Non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to normal wages or salaries
protection; retirement benefits; daycare; tuition reimbursement; sick leave; vacation (paid and unpaid); social security; profit sharing; employer student
Employee_benefits
Variety and variability of life forms
known as Access and Benefit Sharing Agreements (ABAs). The Convention on Biodiversity implies informed consent between the source country and the collector
Biodiversity
Administration of prescription drug programs in the United States
manufacturers instead of sharing them with member benefit plans, secretly negotiated rebates for drugs and kept the money, and provided plan members with
Pharmacy_benefit_management
the Access Benefit Sharing (ABS) Technical Committee of NEMA. There are three decisions that can be made by the Authority: Approval - renewable access permit
National Environment Management Authority of Kenya
National_Environment_Management_Authority_of_Kenya
German open access academic publishing consortium
Science Organizations in Germany [de] and tasked with negotiating nationwide transformative open access agreements with the three largest commercial publishers
DEAL_Consortium
2001 treaty on plant genetic resources
food and agriculture. The Treaty establishes the Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-sharing to facilitate plant germplasm exchanges and benefit sharing
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
International_Treaty_on_Plant_Genetic_Resources_for_Food_and_Agriculture
(PhilRice), and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's benefit-sharing fund. SL Agrifoods Corporation SL Biotech Corporation Doña Maria Rice
SL_Agritech_Corporation
Unrestricted availability of scholarly publications
articles benefit indirectly from open access. For example, patients benefit when their doctor and other health care professionals have access to the latest
Open_access
Wide ranging taxes, tariff and trade treaty
defunct Multilateral Agreement on Investment (in the OECD framework) Typically the benefits and obligations of the trade agreements apply only to their
Trade_agreement
Ability to sell goods and services across borders
tariff and trade agreement databases underlying the Market Access Map. This enables companies (particularly ones from developing countries) to benefit from
Market_access
only have profit-sharing plans and don't have a defined benefits plan. [citation needed] The simplest and most common profit sharing implementation is
Profit-sharing_pension_plan
Contract to share radio or television operations
regulations regarding content. Occasionally, a "local marketing agreement" may refer to the sharing or contracting of only certain functions, in particular advertising
Local_marketing_agreement
Indigenous Australian children forcibly acculturated into White Australian society
able to access payments of A$100,000 each. Each person deemed eligible will also receive a personal apology from the Victorian Government and access to healing
Stolen_Generations
Exploration of nature for material with commercial potential
Vermeylen S (2007). "Contextualizing 'Fair' and 'Equitable': The San's Reflections on the Hoodia Benefit-Sharing Agreement". Local Environment. 12 (4): 423–436
Bioprospecting
Employment arrangement
Job sharing or work sharing is an employment arrangement where two people, or sometimes more, are retained on a part-time or reduced-time basis to perform
Job_sharing
Rewards for employees and specialty of human resources
Compensation and benefits refer to remuneration provided by employers to employees for work performed. In the United States, it is commonplace for a significant
Compensation_and_benefits
Leader of an uprising in Peru
distribution of goods, the obrajes (textile workshops) and others, which primarily benefited Spaniards and Creoles at the expense of the indigenous population
Túpac_Amaru_II
Non-commercial mass media where the general public can create content
and the practical need for public-access television, and helped to eventually obtain public-access television requirements in the franchise agreement
Public-access_television
Tribes recognized as sovereign by the United States
sold at the public land offices for their benefit and the actual proceeds being paid to them." The agreement dictated that the indigenous tribe sell their
Federally_recognized_tribe
Bilateral trade pact (signed 2026)
The United States–Bangladesh Agreement on Reciprocal Trade (formally the Agreement between the United States of America and the People's Republic of Bangladesh
2026 US–Bangladesh Reciprocal Trade Agreement
2026_US–Bangladesh_Reciprocal_Trade_Agreement
Proposed free trade agreement between India and the United Kingdom
Economic and Trade Agreement, also referred to as the India–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement, is a free trade agreement between India and the United
India–United Kingdom Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
India–United_Kingdom_Comprehensive_Economic_and_Trade_Agreement
Land in Canada set aside by the Indian Act for First Nations
vested in His Majesty, that has been set apart by His Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Reserves are areas set aside for First Nations, one of the
Indian_reserve
2025 trade agreement
Editorial caution has been raised about the clarity of benefit-sharing mechanisms, transparency, and the roles of federal vs. provincial authorities in resource
Pakistan–United States trade deal
Pakistan–United_States_trade_deal
Financial data concept and practice
Open finance is a concept and practice within the financial services industry that involves the secure sharing of financial data with third-party service
Open_finance
Biological pest control
Control and Access and Benefit Sharing was established in 2008 to allow such parties access to these resources, with the supposition that any benefits arising
International Organization for Biological Control
International_Organization_for_Biological_Control
Native American activist (1939–2012)
appeared as a character in the adventure video game Under a Killing Moon, by Access Software, in 1994. Means is the focus of the 2014 documentary Conspiracy
Russell_Means
Contract to become rightholder of a creative work
communication, the benefits of copyright transfer agreements have been questioned, and while they remain the norm, open licenses as used in open access publishing
Copyright_transfer_agreement
Conflict in southern Mexico between the Mexican government and various left-wing militias
Liberación Nacional; EZLN) and the government of Mexico. Negotiations between the government and Zapatistas led to agreements being signed, but were often
Chiapas_conflict
Global initiative for sharing virus data
(/ˈɡɪseɪd/), the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, previously the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data, is a global science
GISAID
Unsolicited electronic messages, especially advertisements
fax transmissions, social spam, mobile apps, television advertising, and file sharing. It is named after Spam, a luncheon meat, by way of a Monty Python
Spamming
1989 agreement intended to end the Lebanese Civil War
parliamentary system. Therefore, the agreement changed the power-sharing formula that had favoured the Christians to a 50:50 ratio and enhanced the powers of the
Taif_Agreement
International agreement on conservation of biodiversity
contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, in accordance with internationally agreed access and benefit-sharing instruments Adequate means
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
Kunming-Montreal_Global_Biodiversity_Framework
Form of shared internet-based computing
enabling network access to a scalable and elastic pool of shareable physical or virtual resources with self-service provisioning and administration on
Cloud_computing
Rationale or justification for colonialism
movements claimed that since policies and development plans were primarily designed by the ruling authorities for the benefit of the territories' ethnic Portuguese
Civilizing_mission
Global system of connected computer networks
interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the United States to enable resource sharing. Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981
Internet
Human right
freely participate in culture, to freely share in (to participate and to benefit from) science and technology, and to protection of authorship. This right
Right_to_science_and_culture
Commission of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization
conservation and sustainable use, including exchange, access and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from their use". The commission's activities
Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
Commission_on_Genetic_Resources_for_Food_and_Agriculture
Secret 1916 agreement between the United Kingdom and France
Sykes–Picot Agreement (/ˈsaɪks ˈpiːkoʊ, - pɪˈkoʊ, - piːˈkoʊ/) was a 1916 secret treaty between the United Kingdom and France, with assent from Russia and Italy
Sykes–Picot_Agreement
Multilateral free trade agreement
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), previously proposed as the as TPP11 is a multilateral trade agreement that consists
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership
Former system of textile export quotas
implementation framework and scope. Trade agreements can offer preferential market access, leading to diverse economic benefits such as trade creation,
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing
Agreement_on_Textiles_and_Clothing
Official commitment between a service provider and a customer
A service-level agreement (SLA) is an agreement, typically a binding contract, between a service provider and a customer that define particular aspects
Service-level_agreement
Harmful or unethical bioprospecting
ensure a fair access and benefit-sharing (FABS or ABS) of genetic resources (GR). In June 2023, the UN adopted the United Nations agreement on biodiversity
Biopiracy
self-determination and to protect their cultures, identities, languages, ceremonies, and access to employment, health, education and natural resources
Indigenous_peoples
2016 proposed trade agreement
claims that this agreement will provide British businesses with access to a market of 500 million people, resulting in significant benefits. However, critics
Trans-Pacific_Partnership
South African scientific research and development organisation
Vermeylen. 2007. Contextualizing ‘Fair’ and ‘Equitable’: The San's Reflections on the Hoodia Benefit-Sharing Agreement Local Environment Vol. 12, Iss. 4, Rachel
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Council_for_Scientific_and_Industrial_Research
Funding model in the video game industry
non-disclosure agreements. This prevents such versions from becoming the target of software piracy, and limits what information can potentially be shared with competitors
Early_access
Partnership among the Nile riparian states
develop the river in a cooperative manner, share substantial socioeconomic benefits, and promote regional peace and security”. The NBI began with a dialogue
Nile_Basin_Initiative
Native American youth movement
denied access after UC Davis was granted access, regardless of UC Davis' legally incomplete application. In retaliation, the Native American and Chicano
Red_Power_movement
Systematic exploitation of minority groups within a state
negotiated solution of ethnic conflicts, but tends to inflame them. Power Sharing as Peace Structure: The Case of Sri Lanka, IICP Working Paper, No. 2, 2005
Internal_colonialism
Multilateral environmental agreement
biodiversity); the sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Its objective is to
Convention on Biological Diversity
Convention_on_Biological_Diversity
Mobile virtual network operator in the Philippines
network-sharing agreement which allows ABS-CBN and Globe to share frequencies, switches, servers, and transmitters. ABS-CBNmobile formerly offers prepaid and
ABS-CBN_Mobile
Payments made by authorized bodies to unemployed people
self-employed individuals to access unemployment insurance might lead to a boost in self-employment activity. Job sharing or work sharing and short time or short-time
Unemployment_benefits
Alliances are often bounded by a single agreement with equitable risk and opportunity share for all parties involved and are typically managed by an integrated
Business_alliance
National Football League work stoppage
safety and health benefits, revenue sharing and television contracts, transparency of financial information, rookie salaries, season length, and free agency
2011_NFL_lockout
Preferential trade agreement
Trade Agreement (AUSFTA) is a preferential trade agreement between Australia and the United States modelled on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement
Australia–United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement
Far-left political and militant group in southern Mexico
the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect. On that day, they issued their First Declaration and Revolutionary Laws from the Lacandon
Zapatista Army of National Liberation
Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation
part of Moldova's EU Association Agreement. It allows Moldova access to the European Single Market in selected sectors and grants EU investors the same regulatory
European Union–Moldova Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area
European_Union–Moldova_Deep_and_Comprehensive_Free_Trade_Area
Genetic resources conservation
rules for Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) The following scientific journals are dedicated to the topic of genetic resources conservation and sustainable
Genetic resources conservation and sustainable use
Genetic_resources_conservation_and_sustainable_use
1967 constitutional referendum on the legal status of Indigenous Australians
of voters voted yes, and the overwhelming support gave the Federal Government a clear mandate to implement policies to benefit Aboriginal people. Many
1967 Australian referendum (Aboriginals)
1967_Australian_referendum_(Aboriginals)
Individual connection to the Internet
Internet access is a facility or service that provides connectivity for a computer, a computer network, or other network device to the Internet, and for individuals
Internet_access
priority for its passenger trains over freight trains sharing those tracks. A haulage agreement is similar to one of trackage rights, but the railroad
Arrangements between railroads
Arrangements_between_railroads
Indigenous and other traditional knowledge of local ecology
Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge addresses disclosure requirements and benefit-sharing when traditional knowledge or
Traditional ecological knowledge
Traditional_ecological_knowledge
Agreement between two or more parties
that the benefits from the alliance will be greater than those from individual efforts. The alliance often involves technology transfer (access to knowledge
Strategic_alliance
Pharmaceutical company
the University of South Carolina to evaluate the benefits of ride-sharing services on improving access to care for people living with HIV". Olean Times
ViiV_Healthcare
gained access and formed communication channels to specific file sharing users. In a series of cases, Spanish courts have ruled that file sharing for private
Legal_aspects_of_file_sharing
2020 series of Arab–Israeli normalization agreements
of agreements that established diplomatic normalization between Israel and several Arab states, beginning with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain
Abraham_Accords
Government department
more sustainable communities; and participate more fully in Canada's political, social and economic development to the benefit of all Canadians. CIRNAC also
Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
Crown–Indigenous_Relations_and_Northern_Affairs_Canada
Agreements between firms at different levels of a supply chain
restraint automatically removes the potential benefit of the Block Exemption safe harbour to the whole agreement. The above restraints may also amount to 'by
Vertical_agreement
2020 Asia-Pacific free trade agreement
exporters and investors will, for the first time, benefit from market access commitments from China and ASEAN countries that are not party to the CPTPP"
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership
South African biopiracy scientist
; Muller, M. R.; Lawson, C. (2020). "Rethink the expansion of access and benefit sharing". Science. 367 (6483): 1200–1202. "Bio-economy Research Chair"
Rachel_Wynberg
Proposed rail link in Central Asia from Iran to China
Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan would also benefit from access to Iran's ports, and would reduce their dependency on neighbors Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and also on
Five_Nations_Railway_Corridor
Fraudulent spiritual practitioner
" Archived 2013-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Sonoma Free County Press. Accessed 31 Jan 2013. Sheets, Brian, "Papers or Plastic: The Difficulty in Protecting
Plastic_shaman
Social issue in the U.S.
challenges, as their families may lack access to the resources and socialization experiences necessary to adequately prepare and support student achievement in
Native Americans and reservation inequality
Native_Americans_and_reservation_inequality
Role of Christianity in European colonialism
imperialism based on a divine mandate and designed to bring liberation – spiritual, cultural, economic and political – by sharing the blessings of the Christ-inspired
Christianity_and_colonialism
Treaty on intellectual property
with access and benefit-sharing rules through disclosure requirements for patent applicants whose inventions are based on genetic resources and/or associated
WIPO Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge
WIPO_Treaty_on_Intellectual_Property,_Genetic_Resources_and_Associated_Traditional_Knowledge
US artificial intelligence company
OpenAI is an American artificial intelligence (AI) public benefit corporation (PBC) headquartered in San Francisco, California. It develops "frontier"
OpenAI
American tech entrepreneur
million acquisition, eventually leading Bolt to file an assignment for the benefit of creditors. During Gould's tenure at Bolt, he co-founded WikiYou, which
Jay_Gould_(entrepreneur)
Imposed cost or benefit in economics
In economics, an externality is a cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity. Many
Externality
Principle on Indigenous involvement in projects
Indigenous Peoples i.a. in Asia and Africa in connection with the implementation of Article 8j on Access and Benefit Sharing of the Convention on Biological
Free, prior and informed consent
Free,_prior_and_informed_consent
Non-disclosure of information
rules or a promise sometimes executed through confidentiality agreements that limits the access to or places restrictions on the distribution of certain types
Confidentiality
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
et al. (2018). "Air quality co-benefits for human health and agriculture counterbalance costs to meet Paris Agreement pledges". Nature Communications
Climate_change
Control by distant groups
imperialism. Both colonialism and imperialism were forms of conquest that were expected to benefit Europe economically and strategically". In his preface
Colonialism
2010 decision on Indigenous land rights
disapproval from the ACHPR and United Nations bodies. Though the Endorois have been granted limited land access and revenue sharing, they have not been granted
Endorois_case
File sharing in the United Kingdom Internet censorship in the United Kingdom Internet Watch Foundation and Wikipedia Legal aspects of file sharing Web
List of websites blocked in the United Kingdom
List_of_websites_blocked_in_the_United_Kingdom
UK Government ministerial department
disability benefits such as Personal Independence Payment, and support for life events from Maternity Allowance to bereavement benefits. Non-departmental
Department for Work and Pensions
Department_for_Work_and_Pensions
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance