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In economics, an imposed cost or benefit
externality is a cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity. Many externalities can
Externality
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up external in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. External may refer to: Externality, in economics, the cost or benefit that affects a party who did
External
Group of positions in the philosophy of mind
Externalism is a group of positions in the philosophy of mind which argues that the conscious mind is not only the result of what is going on inside the
Externalism
Person who audits an entity's financial statements and is independent of that entity
An external auditor performs an audit, in accordance with specific laws or rules, of the financial statements of a company, government entity, other legal
External_auditor
A pecuniary externality occurs when the actions of an economic agent cause an increase or decrease in market prices separate from the impact of those
Pecuniary_externality
Philosophical terms
Internalism and externalism are two opposite ways of integrating and explaining various subjects in several areas of philosophy. These include human motivation
Internalism_and_externalism
Form of reproduction where fertilization occurs outside of the female's body
External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body. It is
External_fertilization
White matter structure of the brain
The external capsule is a series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain. These fibers run between the most lateral (toward the side of the head) segment
External_capsule
Liabilities owed to nonresidents by residents
A country's gross external debt (or foreign debt) is the liabilities that are owed to nonresidents by residents. The debtors can be governments, corporations
External_debt
Impacts of car use
many authors, a pure externality.[citation needed] Notwithstanding the above objections, some authors enumerate positive externalities for the automobile
Externalities_of_cars
Class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data
External sorting is a class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data. External sorting is required when the data being sorted do
External_sorting
Surgical treatment procedure used to facilitate healing
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to
External_fixation
Theorem in economics
solutions to internalize the externality: By applying the Coase theorem two possible solutions arise for internalizing this externality. These solutions can occur
Coase_theorem
Increasing value with increasing participation
In economics, a network effect (also called network externality or demand-side economies of scale) is the phenomenon by which the value or utility a user
Network_effect
Extent to which the results of a study can be generalized
External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent
External_validity
Data storage outside a computer's own hardware
In computing, external storage refers to non-volatile (secondary) data storage outside a computer's own internal hardware, and thus can be readily disconnected
External_storage
Behavior of projectiles in flight
External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a projectile in flight. It deals with projectiles
External_ballistics
Goods whose value is given by desirability rather than quantity
consume positive amounts of these goods, neglecting to consider the externality on others. For public goods, an undersupply, for positional goods, it
Positional_good
Structure that surrounds the sarcolemma of muscle cells
External lamina is a structure similar to basal lamina that surrounds the sarcolemma of muscle cells. It is secreted by myocytes and consists primarily
External_lamina
Academic degree that can be earned remotely
An external degree is a degree offered by a university to students who have not been required to be physically present within the geographic territory
External_degree
Risks that are uncontrollable by the first party
External risks are generally something that is uncontrollable by the first party. In contract law, are risks that are produced by a non-human source and
External_risk
Concept in neoclassical economics
(MPC) + Marginal External Costs (MEC). Social costs can be of two types—Negative Production Externality and Positive Production Externality. Negative Production
Social_cost
Orifice of the urethra
mee-AY-təs; pl.: meatus or meatuses), also known as the external urethral meatus or external urethral orifice, is the opening where urine exits the urethra
Urinary_meatus
Part of a national economy
The external sector is the portion of a country's economy that interacts with the economies of other countries. In the goods market, the external sector
External_sector
Biological part involved in sexual reproduction
as secondary sex organs. The outer parts are known as the genitals or external genitalia, visible at birth in both sexes, while the inner parts are referred
Sex_organ
External inhibition is the observed decrease of the response of a conditioned reaction when an external (distracting) stimulus that was not part of the
External_inhibition
Sub-field of economics
Common forms of market failure include externalities, non-excludability and non-rivalry.[citation needed] An externality exists when a person makes a choice
Environmental_economics
In fluid mechanics, external flow is a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. It can be defined as
External_flow
Tax on activity generating negative externalities
political reasons to directly tax the externality, policymakers might opt to tax a product related to the externality indirectly, which will be the second-best
Pigouvian_tax
External genitalia of the female mammal
In mammals, the vulva (pl. vulvas or vulvae) comprises mostly external, visible structures of the female genitalia leading into the interior of the female
Vulva
Examinations for admission to universities in Ukraine
External independent evaluation or External independent testing (EIT, external testing, ET) is the examination for admission to universities in Ukraine
External independent evaluation
External_independent_evaluation
Concept in economics
generating the public bad do not account for the negative effects (or externality) imposed on others. One possibility to mitigate the existence of public
Public_bad
Islamist movement and militant group based in Lebanon
counterintelligence service is divided into Amn al-Muddad, responsible for "external" or "encounter" security; and Amn al-Hizb, which protects the organisation's
Hezbollah
Topics referred to by the same term
Hidden cost may refer to: Externality, a cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity
Hidden_cost
Economic view of human attention as a commodity
advertising) as a form of pollution or 'detrimental externality'. In economics, an externality is a by-product of a production process that imposes burdens
Attention_economy
Pacing aspect of film editing
In filmmaking, external rhythm, also called cutting rhythm, is a pacing aspect of film editing defined by the duration of the shots that make up a scene
External_rhythm
Concept in the philosophy of language
semantic externalism (the opposite of semantic internalism) is the view that the meaning of a term is determined, in whole or in part, by factors external to
Semantic_externalism
Gills set away from the body
External gills are the gills of an animal, most typically an amphibian, that are exposed to the environment, rather than set inside the pharynx and covered
External_gills
National subdivisions and second level of government of Australia.
and the Northern Territory on the Australian mainland; and seven are external territories: the Ashmore and Cartier Islands, the Australian Antarctic
States and territories of Australia
States_and_territories_of_Australia
Branch of economics
research and analysis. Congestion is considered a negative externality by economists. An externality occurs when a transaction causes costs or benefits to
Transport_economics
Medical intervention
External counterpulsation therapy (ECP) is a procedure that may be performed on individuals with angina, heart failure, or cardiomyopathy. The FDA approved
External_counterpulsation
Concept in economics
minus any externalities or consumer surpluses that occur in its activity. An externality including positive externality and negative externality is an effect
Profit_(economics)
Electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes electric power
An electrical load is an electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes (active) electric power, such as electrical appliances and lights inside
Electrical_load
Totality of existing entities
demands of external reality. Reality testing is another suggested psychological function in which individuals distinguish intrapsychic from external events
Reality
Surgical implant
In cardiac surgery and vascular surgery, external support (or external stent) is a type of scaffold made of metal or plastic material that is inserted
External_support
Foreign currency loans from non-resident Indians to Indians
External commercial borrowing (ECBs) are loans in India made by non-resident lenders in foreign currency to Indian borrowers. They are used widely in India
External_commercial_borrowing
Concept in psychology
in others' use of the internal-versus-external construct. Rotter (1975) cautioned that internality and externality represent two ends of a continuum, not
Locus_of_control
English economist (1877–1959)
negative externalities. Pigou's most enduring contribution was The Economics of Welfare, 1920, in which he introduced the concept of externality and the
Arthur_Cecil_Pigou
Electro-mechanical data storage device
March 2015[update], available capacities for external hard disk drives ranged from 500 GB to 10 TB. External hard disk drives are usually available as assembled
Hard_disk_drive
An external render is, in its most basic form, a coating applied to the walls of a building, to provide a protective coating which would prevent rain penetration
External_render
Topics referred to by the same term
External Affairs may refer to: Ministry of External Affairs (Andorra) Ministry of External Affairs and Defence, Ceylon (former) Ministry of External Affairs
Ministry_of_External_Affairs
Adverse environmental contamination
causes air pollution is an example of a negative externality in production. A negative externality in production occurs "when a firm's production reduces
Pollution
Device for birth control and STI prevention
infection (STI). There are both external condoms, also called male condoms, and internal (female) condoms. The external condom is rolled onto an erect
Condom
(41.6% of GDP) (October 2024) ∟External debt: ₱5.13 trillion ($88.47 billion) (19.6% of GDP) (October 2024) Gross external debt: $111.3 billion (27.5% of
National debt of the Philippines
National_debt_of_the_Philippines
Head of the Ministry of External Affairs
The Minister of External Affairs (or simply the External Affairs Minister; Hindi: Videsh Mantri) is the head of the Ministry of External Affairs of the
Minister of External Affairs (India)
Minister_of_External_Affairs_(India)
B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References External links 3K is an gene-terrorist organization led by the Chairman and consisting
List of Marvel Comics teams and organizations
List_of_Marvel_Comics_teams_and_organizations
Public university in Eastern Samar, Philippines
campus in Salcedo, Maydolong, Guiuan, Can-avid, Arteche (External Campus), and Balangiga (External Campus). Founded On February 14, 1960, as the Eastern
Eastern Samar State University
Eastern_Samar_State_University
Government ministry of Romania
(Romanian: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe) is the ministry responsible for external affairs of the Romanian Government. The current foreign minister is Oana
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)
Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Romania)
2022 studio album by Mike Campbell & The Dirty Knobs
writing, recording, and planning his first tour after the COVID-19 pandemic External Combustion is the second studio album by American rock band Mike Campbell
External_Combustion
Government strategy in relating with other nations
Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and
Foreign_policy
estimate, and can be reranked by any of the sources. List of countries by external debt List of countries by GDP (nominal) List of countries by GDP (PPP)
List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita
Thing that satisfies human wants but at unhealthy physical or behavioral cost
conceptual distinction between a demerit good and a negative externality. A negative externality occurs when the consumption of a good has measurable negative
Demerit_good
Rib muscle
The external intercostal muscles or external intercostals (intercostales externi) are eleven in number on both sides. The muscles extend from the tubercles
External_intercostal_muscles
Ligament of the ankle
The lateral talocalcaneal ligament (external calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) is a ligament in the ankle. It is a short, strong fasciculus, passing from
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Lateral_talocalcaneal_ligament
Blood vessel
The cremasteric artery (external spermatic artery) is a branch of the inferior epigastric artery which accompanies the spermatic cord to supply the cremaster
Cremasteric_artery
In the theory of capital structure, external financing is the phrase used to describe funds that firms obtain from outside of the firm. It is contrasted
External_financing
Nose orifice that enables the entry and exit of air
longer separated and form a single larger external opening. Like other tetrapods, humans have two external nostrils (anterior nares) and two additional
Nostril
Concept in ontology
internal–external distinction is a distinction used in philosophy to divide an ontology into two parts: trivial internal questions and meaningless external questions
Internal–external_distinction
Intelligence assessment agency of New Zealand
The National Assessments Bureau (NAB), previously known as the External Assessments Bureau (EAB), is a New Zealand intelligence analysis agency within
National_Assessments_Bureau
Variable defined outside any function block in C programming
In the C programming language, and its predecessor B, an external variable is a variable defined outside any function block. On the other hand, a local
External_variable
Branch of the vagus nerve
two branches —the external laryngeal nerve and the internal laryngeal nerve. The external laryngeal nerve is the smaller, external branch. It descends
Superior_laryngeal_nerve
Part of the human skull
Near the middle of the squamous part of occipital bone is the external occipital protuberance, the highest point of which is referred to as the inion.
External occipital protuberance
External_occipital_protuberance
Terms describing animal motion
other joints, for example the shoulder, and are described as internal or external. Other terms, such as elevation and depression, describe movement above
Anatomical_terms_of_motion
This is a list of countries by external debt: it is the total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in internationally accepted currencies
List of countries by external debt
List_of_countries_by_external_debt
Territory that does not possess full political independence as a sovereign state
dependent territory, dependent area, or dependency (sometimes referred as an external territory) is a territory that does not possess full political independence
Dependent_territory
Inefficiently allocated markets
externality and the possible resolutions. Traffic congestion is an example of market failure that incorporates both non-excludability and externality
Market_failure
External reason for a medical condition
In medicine, an external cause is a reason for the existence of a medical condition which can be associated with a specific object or acute process that
External_cause
Tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear
Ear_canal
Internal organ in the male reproductive system
and thus developed external testes; however, kangaroo external testes are suggestive of a possible adaptive function for external testes in large animals
Testicle
Muscle of the human male urethra
The external sphincter muscle of the male urethra, also sphincter urethrae membranaceae, sphincter urethrae externus, surrounds the whole length of the
External sphincter muscle of male urethra
External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra
Type of semiconductor laser
A vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser (VECSEL) is a small semiconductor laser similar to a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser
Vertical-external-cavity_surface-emitting-laser
Topics referred to by the same term
The term external memory is used with different meanings in different fields: For the use of the term in psychology, see external memory (psychology) For
External_memory
Power supply with electrochemical cells
of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying
Electric_battery
Non-functional RNA
External transcribed spacer (ETS) refers to a piece of non-functional RNA, closely related to the internal transcribed spacer, which is situated outside
External_transcribed_spacer
Process strengthening the immune system
available. Immunizations impose what is known as a positive consumer externality on society. In addition to providing the individual with protection against
Immunization
Hypothetical relationship between Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations
External association was a hypothetical relationship between Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations proposed by Éamon de Valera in 1921–1922, whereby
External_association
Connective tissue between the ribs
Unlike the other two intercostal muscles, the external intercostal muscle does not retain its muscular character all the way to the sternum, and so the
External_intercostal_membrane
Totality of psychological phenomena
including both conscious processes, through which an individual is aware of external and internal circumstances, and unconscious processes, which can influence
Mind
Financial regulation that aims to mitigate risk to the financial system as a whole
The key market imperfection, the pecuniary externality, is defined as a particular form of externality that a private agent's optimal decision affects
Prudential_capital_controls
European Commissioner for External Relations was a member of the European Commission with responsibility over the Commissions external representation in the
European Commissioner for External Relations
European_Commissioner_for_External_Relations
Anti-individualism (also known as content externalism) is an approach to linguistic meaning in philosophy, the philosophy of psychology, and linguistics
Anti-individualism
animals. It is also known as the dorsal antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the external cutaneous branch of the musculospiral nerve, and the posterior antebrachial
Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm
Posterior_cutaneous_nerve_of_forearm
Debt owed by India to foreign creditors
The external debt of India is the debt the country owes to foreign creditors. The debtors can be the Union government, state governments, corporations
External_debt_of_India
Arteries of the pelvis
The external iliac arteries are two major arteries which bifurcate off the common iliac arteries anterior to the sacroiliac joint of the pelvis. The external
External_iliac_artery
Market failure occurs when an externality is present and a market either underproduces a product with a positive externality, or overproduces a product that
History_of_capitalist_theory
Investment behavior
also an inefficiency issue generated by externality that supports rationale for prudential policy. The externality is generated when in presence of illiquid
Flight-to-quality
Medical condition
External compression headache is caused by any type of headwear. This includes headwear that places pressure on the head — including tight hats, helmets
External_compression_headache
An external ray is a curve that runs from infinity toward a Julia or Mandelbrot set. Although this curve is only rarely a half-line (ray) it is called
External_ray
Goods tax levied at the moment of manufacture rather than sale
discourage the consumption of products it considers to have a negative externality (sometimes referred to as sin tax). More recently, excise duty has been
Excise
Image other people have of a person
In psychology, the external image (also alien image, foreign image, public image, third-party image; German: Fremdbild) is the image other people have
External_image
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
Boy/Male
Muslim
The pardoner
Boy/Male
Indian
Praise of almighty Allah, Thanks to the graceful and merciful Allah
Girl/Female
Tamil
Poorvika | பூரà¯à®µà®¿à®•à®¾Â
Orient, Formerly
Boy/Male
German Scandinavian
Eagle.
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Armored battle maiden.
Female
Hungarian
Pet form of Hungarian Anikó, PANNI means "favor; grace."
Girl/Female
Persian
Raindrop.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Servant of the Light
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Muslim Arthurian Legend
Old Arabic name.
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
EXTERNALITY
n.
The state or quality of being distanguishable from the perceiving mind, by being in space, and possessing marerial quality; externality; objectivity.
n.
Surface; superficies; externality.
n.
State of being external; exteriority
n.
separation from the perceiving mind.