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Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today
The African humid period (AHP; also known by other names) was a climate period in Africa during the late Pleistocene and Holocene geologic epochs, when
African_humid_period
Cyclic climate pattern
the beginning and end of the African Humid Period suggests that both the onset and termination of the African Humid Period were abrupt. In fact both events
North_African_climate_cycles
Current geological epoch
Limondin-Lozouet, Nicole (1 March 2021). "Alluvial records of the African Humid Period from the NW African highlands (Moulouya basin, NE Morocco)". Quaternary Science
Holocene
Archaeological site in Kenya
eastern Africa during the Holocene. Today, Lothagam Lokam is recognised as the biggest archaeological site of its kind during the African Humid Period (AHP)
Lothagam_Lokam
Hypothesis about migration of species between Africa and Eurasia
Collapse and saw chariots appear in the Sahara. Abbassia Pluvial African humid period Mousterian Pluvial van Zinderen-Bakker E. M. (1962-04-14). "A Late-Glacial
Sahara_pump_theory
Ancient, inactive river in Algeria
palaeoriver believed to have flowed through West Africa as recently as 5000 years ago during the African humid period. The Tamanrasset River basin is thought to
Tamanrasset_River
eastern Sahara was the home of several Neolithic cultures. During the African humid period, this was the area with rich vegetation, and the human population
Ancient_Egyptian_agriculture
Era after unification, c. 3150–2686 BC
societies along the Nile has also been linked to the end of the African humid period.[citation needed] Funeral practices for non-elites would have been
Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
Early_Dynastic_Period_of_Egypt
Culture centered in the Maghreb that lasted from about 9000 to 5400 cal BC
forests at higher altitudes; where the initial phase overlaps with the African humid period. The Capsian diet included a wide variety of animals, ranging from
Capsian
Northernmost region of Africa
are all either closer to the African continent than Europe or as close to the African continent as Europe. Northwest Africa has been inhabited by Berbers
North_Africa
Alkaline lake on the border of Ethiopia and Kenya
about 9500 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene as part of the African humid period. It is generally theorised that Turkana was part of the upper Nile
Lake_Turkana
Extinct species of large cattle
000 years ago when the climate in this region was more humid than during the African humid period. Following the most recent deglaciation, the range of
Aurochs
Subspecies of carnivore
water indirectly from the blood of their prey. Northeast African cheetah African humid period Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Subspecies Acinonyx jubatus hecki"
Northwest_African_cheetah
Place in Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco
areas, a phenomenon not observed in decades. Sahara Sahara Desert African humid period Morocco "New research reveals why and when the Sahara Desert was
Merzouga
Global warm period around 9,000–5,000 years ago
dropped. West African sediments additionally record the African humid period, an interval between 16,000 and 6,000 years ago during which Africa was much wetter
Holocene_climatic_optimum
River
remnant of the ancient Yellow Nile, a tributary of the Nile during the African humid period from about 9500 to 4500 years ago. At that time, savanna fauna and
Wadi_Howar
Circular geological feature in the Sahara desert
these sediments accumulated between 15,000 and 8,000 BP during the African humid period. These deposits lie directly upon deeply eroded and weathered bedrock
Richat_Structure
Circa 24,000–16,000 BCE; most recent era when ice sheets were at their greatest extent
Younger Dryas – Time period c. 12,900–11,700 years ago African humid period – Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today
Last_Glacial_Maximum
Neolithic petroglyphs in Niger
to have been done between 6,000 and 8,000 years ago, during the African humid period, when the region was less arid, and the Sahara was a vast savannah
Dabous_Giraffes
Continent
human settlement found in southern Africa, Southeast Africa, North Africa, and the Sahara. During the African humid period, estimated to have been around
Africa
Major river in northeast Africa
during the African humid period which lasted from about 10,000 to 5,000 years ago. Pastoral herding cultures developed during that period, but when the
Nile
Millennium between 5000 BC and 4000 BC
to the end of the African humid period (c. 3500 BC) and the desiccation of the Green Sahara. During this time, sub-Saharan Africa remained in the Palaeolithic
5th_millennium_BC
Egyptian riverbed in the Sinai Peninsula
catchment is the largest drainage system in the Sinai Peninsula. The African Humid Period was the last time a river consistently flowed through the riverbed
Wadi_al-Arish
failure of harvests, perhaps caused by volcanic dust 900–1300 Medieval Warm Period, wet in Europe, arid in North America, may have depopulated the Great Plains
List of periods and events in climate history
List_of_periods_and_events_in_climate_history
Mountain range in Algeria
of the Tamanrasset River, an ancient river that flowed during the African humid period and was named after the main city nearby, Tamanrasset. The city was
Hoggar_Mountains
African Neolithic culture
approximately 8,000 BC and 6,000 BC in the Sahara Desert, during the African humid period referred to as the Neolithic Subpluvial. Human remains from this
Kiffian_culture
Desert on the African continent
indigenous cultural identities in the region. African humid period – Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today Arid Lands Information
Sahara
Lake in West-Central Africa
Ocean through the Niger River. The vast waters formed during the African humid period provided conditions for the emergence of lakeside fishermen's settlements
Lake_Chad
Second epoch of the Neogene Period
2024). "Mid-Pliocene glaciation preceded by a 0.5-million-year North African humid period". Nature Geoscience. 17 (7): 660–666. Bibcode:2024NatGe..17..660A
Pliocene
Lake in East-central Africa
and it refilled 14,700 years ago[non-primary source needed]—as the African humid period began. Lake Victoria receives 80 percent of its water from direct
Lake_Victoria
Term denoting a period of primordial peace, harmony, stability, and prosperity
order (Baháʼí) Olympic medals Paradise Precession of the Equinoxes/African humid period Satya Yuga Utopia Islamic Golden Age World to Come Hesiod, "109"
Golden_Age
Former lake in East Africa
East Africa. It formed in the Suguta Valley, which is part of the East African Rift, south of Lake Turkana during the Holocene African humid period. The
Lake_Suguta
Major river in West Africa
Niger River at Niger Delta (period from 2010 to 2018): The main tributaries from the mouth: At the end of the African humid period around 5,500 years before
Niger_River
Book by George Gurdjieff
into a film, Meetings with Remarkable Men, in 1979 by Peter Brook. African humid period Meetings with Remarkable Men: Writers Internet Movie Database. Meetings
Meetings_with_Remarkable_Men
Obsolete term for a prehistoric wet and rainy period in North Africa
described it as a strong African Humid period. During earlier strong African Humid periods, the now-desiccated regions of northern Africa were well-watered,
Mousterian_Pluvial
Severe climatic event starting around 2200 BC
Great Flood (China) 2354–2345 BCE climate anomaly 8.2-kiloyear event African humid period Bond event Climate variability and change Late Bronze Age collapse
4.2-kiloyear_event
Westernmost region of the African continent
the subsequent expansion of the West African forest. West African hunter-gatherers occupied western Central Africa (e.g., Shum Laka) earlier than 32,000
West_Africa
Ethnic group in West Africa
experienced major climatic changes. Around 11,000 years ago, during the African Humid Period, lakes, rivers, and grasslands spread across areas that are now desert
Akan_people
Critical thresholds in climate science
pulses. The monsoon in North Africa saw abrupt changes on decadal timescales during the African humid period. This period, spanning from 15,000 to 5,000
Tipping points in the climate system
Tipping_points_in_the_climate_system
Rapid global cooling about 8,200 years ago
by sediment records from Juréia paleolagoon. 4.2-kiloyear event African humid period Antarctic Cold Reversal Bond event Older Peron Piora Oscillation
8.2-kiloyear_event
Country in West Africa
humans lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. During the prehistoric African humid period, the climate of the Sahara was wetter and more fertile, a phenomenon
Niger
Species of large semi-aquatic mammal
region historically assigned to the species "H. icosiensis". In the African Humid Period during the early Holocene, around 10-4,000 years ago, the range of
Hippopotamus
Climatic period of the Holocene
importance was the coming to an end of the African Humid Period, reflected in the lakes of subtropical Africa (such as Lake Chad) experiencing a rapid fall
Subboreal
Lake in Chad
remnants of a much larger lake which occupied this basin during the African Humid period, which lasted from approximately 15,000 to 5,500 years before present
Lake_Yoa
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Ennedi Ouest, Chad
desertification that inevitably buried their orchards and crops. During the African humid period the early humans found the freshwater lake area to be fertile enough
Lakes_of_Ounianga
High pyroclastic shield volcano in the Sahara
Neolithic societies of the region. Until 5,400 years ago during the African humid period (Holocene), Era Kohor was filled with a 4.1 square kilometres (1
Emi_Koussi
Process by which fertile areas of land become increasingly arid
Graciela (26 January 2017). "Humans as Agents in the Termination of the African Humid Period". Frontiers in Earth Science. 5: 4. Bibcode:2017FrEaS...5....4W.
Desertification
Region of archaeological sites in the Nubian Desert
130,000 and 70,000 years ago, with the most recent one being the African humid period from around 15,000 to 6,000 years ago. During these times, the area
Nabta_Playa
Archaeological site in Kenya
period is referred to as the African Humid Period, and during the Early and Middle Holocene, North and East Africa had a humid climate with full lakes and
Lothagam_North_Pillar_Site
Proposed family of Native African languages
families may reflect ancient watercourses in a green Sahara during the African humid period before the 4.2-kiloyear event, when the desert was more habitable
Nilo-Saharan_languages
Fossil water aquifer system in northeastern Africa
region and protecting biodiversity and land resources. Lake Ptolemy African humid period International Atomic Energy Agency: NSAS Project Archived 2007-10-20
Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System
Nubian_Sandstone_Aquifer_System
date for the still-undeciphered Indus script. 3500 BC: End of the African humid period possibly linked to the Piora Oscillation: a rapid and intense aridification
Timeline_of_prehistory
Mountain range in southeastern Algeria
today harsh and dry with almost no precipitation. But during the African humid period the area had rainfall and was covered by savanna vegetation and thus
Tadrart_Rouge
Sandstone massif in Algeria's central Sahara Desert
beads, and jewelry. The transition to pastoralism following the African Humid period during the early Holocene is reflected in Tassili n'Ajjer's archaeological
Tassili_n'Ajjer
Country in Southern Africa
affairs, South Africa maintains significant regional influence and is a member of BRICS+, the African Union (hosting the seat of the Pan-African Parliament)
South_Africa
National park in New Valley Governorate, Egypt
the beginning of the Neolithic area some 9000 years ago during the African humid period, leaving splendid rock paintings and engravings of uncertain age
Gilf_Kebir_National_Park
Transitional climatic zone
A humid subtropical climate is a temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie
Humid_subtropical_climate
Region
East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the African continent, distinguished by its unique
East_Africa
Country in Central Africa
The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan
Central_African_Republic
Cave with ancient rock art in southwest Egypt
have been created as early as 8000 BC with the beginning of the African Humid Period, when the Sahara was significantly greener and wetter than it is
Cave_of_Swimmers
Mountain range in northern Niger
its rock art, dating from 6000 BCE to around 1000CE. During the African humid period, the region was a pastoral area, as is illustrated by images of cattle
Aïr_Mountains
Settlement in Ancient Egypt
Holocene Moist phase started at that time. Population history of Egypt African humid period William H. Stiebing Jr., Susan N. Helft (2017), Ancient Near Eastern
Merimde_Beni_Salama
North African genetic history
published by Nature on a previously unknown North African genetic lineage from the African humid period (7,000 years ago). By analyzing ancient genomes
Genetic history of North Africa
Genetic_history_of_North_Africa
Archaeological site in southwestern Libya
Takarkori from the Late Pastoral period despite this. The Late Pastoral period coincides with the end of the African humid period, and researchers have speculated
Takarkori
Abrupt cold and wet period in the Holocene Epoch
Switzerland. Bond event 4.2-kiloyear event Bølling–Allerød warming African humid period Older Peron Lamb, pp. 124, 128, 143. Magny, Michel; Leuzinger, Urs;
Piora_Oscillation
Prehistoric artwork in the Saharan desert
(Pastoral Period) Rock art Prehistoric art List of Stone Age art Association des Amis de l'Art Rupestre Saharien African humid period "Trust for African Rock
Saharan_rock_art
Later Stone Age Malian skeleton
The Asselar skeleton was found near what, during the time of the African Humid Period, was likely a lake. Medical imaging techniques of the skeleton and
Asselar_man
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Ghat District, Libya
continuously in the Holocene despite fluctuating climate in the African Humid Period. These sites have been important in understanding food processing
Acacus_Mountains
Archaeological site in Kenya
pastoralism in Turkana Basin. This is particularly significant period following the African Humid Period (AHP), and was a time marked by rapid environmental, social
Manemanya_Pillar_Site
Ice Lake, freshwater period of the White Sea Baltic Ice Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea Ancylus Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea Lake
List_of_prehistoric_lakes
Archaeological site in Nigeria
North Africa's populations during a time of acute aridness in the Sahara desert that made it impassable until the arrival of the African humid period. In
Iho_Eleru
African elephant species
The African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is an elephant species native to humid tropical forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It was first
African_forest_elephant
(natural) Wadi Howar used to be a tributary of the Nile during the African humid period, today it is a wadi. The national park that encompasses it contains
List of World Heritage Sites in Sudan
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sudan
Eastern African genetic history
people in Africa during various humid phases and periods throughout the history of Africa. While Denisovan and Neanderthal ancestry in non-Africans outside
Genetic history of Eastern Africa
Genetic_history_of_Eastern_Africa
Lake in Ethiopia
significantly in the last tens of thousands of years. During the African Humid Period, the lake level was 50m higher than today and covered much larger
Lake_Afrera
Regions south of the Sahara
Central Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, and West Africa. Geopolitically, in addition to the African countries and territories that are situated fully
Sub-Saharan_Africa
savanna. In 15,000 BP, the West African Monsoon transformed the landscape of Africa and began the Green Sahara period; greater rainfall during the summer
History_of_Southern_Africa
The genetic history of Africa summarizes the genetic makeup and population history of Africans in living on the African continent, including the recent
Genetic_history_of_Africa
as the planet was moving from an Ice age, towards an interstadial (warm period). Sea levels rose dramatically (and are continuing to do so), land that
Timeline of environmental history
Timeline_of_environmental_history
Lake Kajiado County, Kenya
thousand years ago (during the late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene in the African humid period), the Magadi basin held a freshwater lake with many different fish
Lake_Magadi
Biogeographical region in Africa
acacia savanna, is a biogeographical region in Africa. It is the transition zone between the more humid Sudanian savannas to its south and the drier Sahara
Sahel
animals, and are important to in African cuisine. West african cuisine comes from crops with ancient origins to West africa, as well as crops introduced from
West_African_cuisine
Southernmost region of Africa
Southern Africa Regions of the African Union: Northern Western Southern Eastern Central Note that Ceuta and Melilla in Northern Africa are parts
Southern_Africa
Climate classification system
criterion also applies to locations that satisfy both Ds and Dw. Cfa = Humid subtropical climate; coldest month averaging above 0 °C (32 °F) (or −3 °C
Köppen_climate_classification
West African genetic history
people in Africa during various humid phases and periods throughout the history of Africa. Archaic traits found in human fossils of West Africa (e.g., Iho
Genetic history of West Africa
Genetic_history_of_West_Africa
Glacier in Peru
000 years ago, which included the drying of the Sahara at the end of the African humid period and wetter and colder conditions in the extratropics. This re-expansion
Quelccaya_Ice_Cap
Roman province in North Africa
so did the city's demand for Northwest African produce. This flourishing trade allowed the Northwest African provinces to increase artisan production
Africa_(Roman_province)
Petrified hyrax excrement accumulation
variability along the margin of the southern African monsoon region at the end of the African Humid Period". Quaternary Science Reviews. 291 107663. Bibcode:2022QSRv
Rock_hyrax_midden
Communal cemetery in Lake Turkana Basin, Northern Kenya
rapid environmental, social, and economic that characterized by the African Humid Period (AHP). The lack of clear evidence of social stratification also supports
Jarigole_pillar_site
Village in South West, Somalia
over a ~30,000 year period that covers most of the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (~29-14.5ka) and the MIS 1 African Humid Period ~14.5-6 ka.) Using Bayesian
Buur_Heybe
needed] In 15,000 BP, the West African Monsoon transformed the landscape of Africa and began the Green Sahara period; greater rainfall during the summer
History_of_North_Africa
Sedimentary basin of the Congo River in Central Africa
equatorial Middle Africa that lies between the Gulf of Guinea and the African Great Lakes. The basin begins in the highlands of the East African Rift system
Congo_Basin
Most Common Type of Central Saharan rock art
support for Africans independently domesticating African cattle. Based on a small sample size (SNPs from sequences of whole genomes), African cattle split
Pastoral_period
Rock art cave shelter in the Gif Kebir National Park in Egypt
paintings testify the favorable climatic conditions of life during the African humid period much different from the present one. Rock painted farmstead Rock
Magharet_el_Kantara
Holocene former lake in Sudan
Chad and Nile species. Lakes portal African humid period – Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today Kropelin 2009,
Lake_Ptolemy
Stone age peoples
West African hunter-gatherers, West African foragers, or West African pygmies dwelled in western Central Africa earlier than 32,000 BP and dwelled in West
West_African_hunter-gatherers
on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2022. "Three sites on the African continent removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger". UNESCO World
List of World Heritage Sites in Libya
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Libya
Topics referred to by the same term
Half-Passage, an Adiabatic MRI Pulse design African humid period, a period during the Holocene when Africa was much wetter than today Afterhyperpolarization
AHP
Fifth period of the Paleozoic Era
KAR-bə-NIF-ər-əs) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era that spans 60 million years, from the end of the Devonian Period 358.86 Ma (million years
Carboniferous
Africa". African Arts. 1 (2): 32–74. doi:10.2307/3334324. JSTOR 3334324. Vlach, John Michael (1976). "Affecting Architecture of the Yoruba". African Arts
Architecture_of_Africa
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