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Hypothesis about migration of species between Africa and Eurasia
The Sahara pump theory is a hypothesis that explains how flora and fauna migrated between Eurasia and Africa via a land bridge in the Levant region (the
Sahara_pump_theory
Regions south of the Sahara
on the Nile was blocked by the Sudd and the river's cataracts. The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna (including Homo sapiens) left Africa
Sub-Saharan_Africa
Evolutionary process
classify species in the genus Homo. The Sahara pump theory (describing an occasionally passable "wet" Sahara desert) provides one possible explanation
Human_evolution
Desert on the African continent
an area of 350,000 km2. The Sahara pump theory describes this cycle. During periods of a wet or "Green Sahara", the Sahara becomes a savanna grassland
Sahara
Dry basin that once carried a northern tributary of the Niger River
primarily as government officials and traders. Niger Basin Authority Sahara pump theory Neolithic Subpluvial Prehistoric Central North Africa Azawagh Arabs
Azawagh
Geographic corridor that connects Africa to Eurasia
springs and lakes in the Levantine corridor by the Natufian culture. Sahara pump theory Higham, Thomas F. G.; Wesselingh, Frank P.; Hedges, Robert E. M.;
Levantine_corridor
Rapid global cooling about 8,200 years ago
Antarctic Cold Reversal Bond event Older Peron Piora Oscillation Sahara pump theory Storegga Slide Zoller, Heinrich (1960). "Pollenanalytische Untersuchungen
8.2-kiloyear_event
Native animals of Asia
immigration of man affected the distribution of Asian fauna (see also Sahara pump theory). Eurasia and North America were many times are connected by the Bering
Fauna_of_Asia
Cyclic climate pattern
the Sahara region to rapidly transition from "green Sahara" to "desert Sahara" and vice versa. Abbassia Pluvial Mousterian Pluvial Sahara pump theory Climate
North_African_climate_cycles
Obsolete system of climatic periods
originally been imagined for East Africa.[citation needed] Interglacial Sahara pump theory Abbassia Pluvial Mousterian Pluvial Sonia Cole (1954). "The Prehistory
African_pluvial_periods
commercialization - Retreat of glaciers since 1850 - Runaway climate change Sahara pump theory - Satellite temperature measurements - Scientific opinion on climate
Index of climate change articles
Index_of_climate_change_articles
Millennium between 5000 BC and 4000 BC
increased population density and diffusion of religion, explained via the Sahara pump theory. One subclade, now known as R1b1a2 (R-V88), is found only at high
5th_millennium_BC
Holocene climate period during which northern Africa was wetter than today
droughts that followed the mid-20th-century wet period. Geography portal Sahara pump theory The end of the AHP coincides with the maximum temperatures. In Senegal
African_humid_period
out of the Sahara during the fourth and third millennium B.C.E. (6 kya to 4 kya) is accounted for and described by the Sahara Pump Theory, in its most
History_of_early_Tunisia
Prehistory of North African region
the Sahara. The Sahara is presently as dry as it was about 13,000 years ago. These conditions are responsible for what has been called the Sahara pump theory
Prehistoric_North_Africa
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
models project that areas almost one-third of humanity live in might become Sahara-like uninhabitable and extremely hot climates. These factors can drive climate
Climate_change
Residents of the ancient Near East until the end of antiquity
of a still earlier language in North Africa, perhaps in the southeastern Sahara, and that the process of desertification may have caused its speakers to
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient_Semitic-speaking_peoples
Theoretical engine
cooler system to a warmer one, thereby acting as a refrigerator or heat pump rather than a heat engine. Every thermodynamic system exists in a particular
Carnot_heat_engine
American novelist and underwater explorer (1931–2020)
Sandecker, David Selby as Gene Seagram, and Anne Archer as Dana Seagram. Sahara (2005), featuring Matthew McConaughey as Dirk Pitt, Steve Zahn as Al Giordino
Clive_Cussler
Fall of a complex human society
between 5,000 and 4,000 years ago in Africa and Asia. The drying of the Green Sahara not only turned it into a desert but also disrupted the monsoon seasons
Societal_collapse
Region of the Middle East
became squeezed against the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. The Saharan pump theory posits that this Middle Eastern land bridge was extremely important to
Fertile_Crescent
Indian actor (born 1968)
serial Karishma – The Miracles of Destiny from 2003 to 2004. It aired on Sahara One. He hosted a popular award show Sabse Favourite Kaun (2004) for STAR
Arshad_Warsi
Joel Marks (producer); Linda K Haskins c-15m 1986 North Africa: The Great Sahara (Pathé Cinéma); Joel Marks, Francios Flouqet & Henri de Turenne (producers);
List_of_Coronet_Films_films
Serial killer in California in the 1960s
noticed the couple parked on a gravel runoff near the gate to a water pumping station. The couple was spotted again at 11 p.m. Between 11:05 and 11:10 p
Zodiac_Killer
November 29, 2022. "Memorandum on the Delegation of Authority Under the Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership Program Act of 2022". WhiteHouse.gov. August
List of executive actions by Joe Biden
List_of_executive_actions_by_Joe_Biden
Regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India
regulatory cases against Reliance Industries, Reliance ADAG Group, MCX, and Sahara Group. Abraham wrote in the letter that SEBI was "under duress and under
Securities and Exchange Board of India
Securities_and_Exchange_Board_of_India
Flight 406, a Lockheed Starliner, broke up in mid-air and crashed into the Sahara Desert near the Edjele oilfield in Algeria following a possible bomb explosion
List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft
List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_commercial_aircraft
Thermodynamic process in which no mass or heat is exchanged with surroundings
As a key concept in thermodynamics, the adiabatic process supports the theory that explains the first law of thermodynamics. The opposite term to "adiabatic"
Adiabatic_process
Vegas casino owners and developers. They provided funding to build the Sahara, the Sands, the Riviera, the Fremont, and finally the Tropicana, (with three
History_of_Las_Vegas
Stadium house Tech house Tribal house Tropical house Trouse UK hard house Pumping house Hardbass Scouse house Industrial and post-industrial Electro-industrial
List of music genres and styles
List_of_music_genres_and_styles
Off-road 4x4 and pickup truck series produced by Land Rover
company's overseas operations for sale in their specific markets such as the "Sahara" edition and 55th anniversary Defender 90s sold in France; the former being
Land_Rover_Defender
Chemical compound found in some species of mushrooms
"The oldest representations of hallucinogenic mushrooms in the world (Sahara Desert, 9000-7000 BP)". Integration. Zeitschrift für geistbewegende Pflanzen
Psilocybin
French oceanographer and author (1910–1997)
Yes 3S 1944 Paysages du silence Silent Lands... Yes 4S 1948 Phoques au Sahara —N/a 5S 1949 Autour d'un récif —N/a 6S 1949 Une plongée du Rubis A Dive
Jacques_Cousteau
Spread of humans from Africa across the world
migration has been proposed as being related to the operation of the Saharan pump, around 1.9 million years ago.[citation needed] Homo erectus dispersed throughout
Early_human_migrations
Voluntary, intrinsically motivated recreation
children express themselves as part of the group. Some children in the Sahara use clay figures as their forms of playful toys. Toys in general are a representation
Play_(activity)
West's economic growth vs other advanced regions
developed in the Sahel on the southern edge of the Sahara which made immense profits from trading across the Sahara, trading heavily in gold and slaves for the
Great_Divergence
Reptile of Africa
lengths of only 4 m (13 ft 1 in). A crocodile population from Mali, the Sahara Desert, and elsewhere in West Africa reaches only 2 to 3 m (6 ft 7 in to
Nile_crocodile
Short skirt that usually extends to mid-thigh
"Miniskirts: The Height of Fashion". The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 April 2022. Sahara Woodell, 18,...was wearing a lace-trimmed cotton miniskirt with a jean jacket
Miniskirt
Removal of the human foreskin
Coulson D (2010). "Big hippo site, Oued Afar, Algeria". Sahara: Prehistory and History of the Sahara (21): 81–92. OCLC 931467462. INIST 23112468. Soukopova
Circumcision
1967–1970 war
Nigeria/Biafra War Has Just Started But We Will Defend Our Land – IPOB". Sahara Reporters. New York City, United States. 19 February 2021. Archived from
Nigerian_Civil_War
Civil War in 2011, Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara was fought in Libya's portion of the Sahara Desert. This involved usage of American military assets
History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi
History_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi
1983–2005 war for South Sudanese independence
wanted to control these resources because they live on the edge of the Sahara desert, which is unsuitable for agricultural development. Oil revenues make
Second_Sudanese_Civil_War
Water supply system developed in ancient Iran
level some distance away, via gravity, therefore eliminating the need for pumping. The vertical shafts along the underground channel are for maintenance
Qanat
Single-celled algae with silica cell walls
of diatom shell dust transported by transatlantic winds from the African Sahara, much of it from the Bodélé Depression, which was once made up of a system
Diatom
Financial-economic agreement reached in 1944
1971 more and more dollars were being printed in Washington, then being pumped overseas, to pay for government expenditure on the military and social programs
Bretton_Woods_system
major cultural areas: North Africa, the Middle East, the Mediterranean, the Sahara and Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, Egypt has experienced several invasions
Population_history_of_Egypt
African citizens and residents born in or with ancestors from Europe
6% French Morocco: 1–5% Swaziland Protectorate: 1–5% Spanish Sahara (current Western Sahara): 1–5% Northern Rhodesia (current Zambia): 2% Kenya: 1% Rest
White Africans of European ancestry
White_Africans_of_European_ancestry
Tall African hoofed mammal
its apparent defiance of gravity; one theory contemplates the animal's long neck functions like a plunger pump. Giraffes have a great effect on the trees
Giraffe
Presence of dangerous substances in the air
the Gobi Desert in China and Mongolia can reach Hawaii, and dust from the Sahara reaches the Amazon rainforest in South America. Radon is a radioactive gas
Air_pollution
First hominin expansion into Eurasia (2.1–0.1 Ma)
declining humidity of the desert belt of northern Africa, known as the Sahara pump. The numerous hominin sites in the Levant, such as Ubeidiya and Misliya
Early expansions of hominins out of Africa
Early_expansions_of_hominins_out_of_Africa
Family of insects
reduces that risk. Diurnal desert ants of the genus Cataglyphis such as the Sahara desert ant navigate by keeping track of direction as well as distance travelled
Ant
Power system designed to supply usable electric power from solar energy
dependent on location, orientation, tilt, insolation and other factors. In the Sahara desert, with less cloud cover and a better solar angle, one could ideally
Photovoltaic_system
Greenhouse gases emitted from human activities
implementation of clean energy technologies like solar, wind, nuclear, heat pumps, and electric vehicles since 2019 has significantly tempered emissions growth
Greenhouse_gas_emissions
States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Vatican City Venezuela Vietnam Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Cultural and regional genres African Central East
List_of_musical_instruments
Use of mirrors or lenses to heat a fluid for electricity generation
of kerosene from H2O and CO2". July 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2024. "The Sahara: a solar battery for Europe?". 20 December 2017. Retrieved 21 April 2018
Concentrated_solar_power
Device for making musical sounds
manipulate these sounds. They may produce sound by wind being fanned (organ) or pumped (accordion), vibrating strings either hammered (piano) or plucked (harpsichord)
Musical_instrument
Population explosion of organisms that can kill marine life
factors such as iron-rich dust influx from large desert areas such as the Sahara Desert are thought to play a major role in causing HAB events. Some algal
Harmful_algal_bloom
separately by the Chinese, such as the odometer, water wheel, and chain pump. Scientific, mathematical or natural discoveries made by the Chinese, changes
List_of_Chinese_inventions
Electrophysiological method to record electrical activity of the brain
with the signal stability of gel-based recordings. One example is the g.SAHARA Hybrid EEG electrode system, developed by g.tec medical engineering GmbH
Electroencephalography
psychoactive plant sources such as psilocybin mushrooms in c. 6000 BCE Sahara to primitive dental care in c. 11,900 BCE (13,000 BP) Riparo Fredian (present-day
History_of_medicine
Hanafi in the Turkic lands, the Middle East, and South Asia; Maliki in the Sahara; Shafi'i in Southeast Asia and the Horn of Africa; Hanbali in parts of the
International propagation of the Salafi movement and Wahhabism
International_propagation_of_the_Salafi_movement_and_Wahhabism
of the human population could become as hot as the hottest parts of the Sahara within 50 years. This would happen if greenhouse gas emissions continue
Effects_of_climate_change
Metropolis and state capital of Bihar, India
Dainik, Dainik Jagran, Dainik Bhaskar, Prabhat Khabar, Aaj and Rashtriya Sahara, all of which have editions from Patna. There are also daily Urdu newspapers
Patna
Special forces unit of the Royal Navy
first mission was to conduct reconnaissance of an Iraqi air base at al-Sahara. The team was compromised by an anti-special forces Fedayeen unit and barely
Special_Boat_Service
Capital of the Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Sharjah Museum of Islamic Civilization, located in Al-Nabba The interior of Sahara Center, one of the biggest malls in Sharjah Night view of the boats docked
Sharjah
Heard". Lost and Found Radio. Retrieved 20 June 2025. Song: Snow On The Sahara... This is her [Anggun's] signature song, released on her first English-language
List of English signature songs
List_of_English_signature_songs
Most populous city in Nevada, United States
was built within city limits, in front of the Strat resort and north of Sahara Avenue. The project, built by YESCO, cost $6.5 million and stands 80 feet
Las_Vegas
List of notable people from Illinois
end 1999–2004 Clive Cussler, best-selling novelist, Raise the Titanic!, Sahara, creator of Dirk Pitt Ethan Cutkosky, actor, Shameless Slade Cutter, decorated
List_of_people_from_Illinois
Global development network of the UN
These installations, driven by a diesel engine, power devices such as pumps, grain mills and appliances. By 2004, the number of MFPs in Mali reached
United Nations Development Programme
United_Nations_Development_Programme
Rapid climate fluctuation in the last glacial period
the atmosphere-ocean system. D-O events tend to be what drives the "Sahara pump" which has had an effect upon human evolution and dispersal. The cyclicity
Dansgaard–Oeschger_event
Special forces unit of the Australian Army
Several SASR signallers from 152 Signal Squadron also deployed to the Western Sahara between September 1991 and May 1994 as part of the Australian contingent
Special_Air_Service_Regiment
European Dance Dance Revolution arcade release debut of I'm so Happy and Theory of Eternity from Dance Dance Revolution X2 as those songs weren't available
Music of Dance Dance Revolution (2013–present)
Music_of_Dance_Dance_Revolution_(2013–present)
Australian song chart in 2010
96 Go Do Jónsi Iceland 97 Sleepwalker Parkway Drive Australia 98 Spanish Sahara Foals United Kingdom 99 Big Dead Letter Circus Australia 100 Neutron Star
Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2010
Triple_J's_Hottest_100_of_2010
International treaty about the rights of children
strike of 1899 Prez Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms Wild in the Streets Theory and concepts Adultcentrism Adultism Ageism Criminalization Democracy Ephebiphobia
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child
Plaything intended to stimulate learning
on western cultures, but work has also been done on North Africa and the Sahara. Puppets or dolls made of wood, clay, wax or cloth may be the earliest known
Educational_toy
Robin; Damiani, Ross; et al. (April 14, 2005). "Permian tetrapods from the Sahara show climate-controlled endemism in Pangaea" (PDF). Nature. 434 (7035):
History_of_life
internationally recognized borders, Morocco continues to claim Western Sahara, which it refers to as its "Southern Provinces". The “Unity of the Nile
List of irredentist claims or disputes
List_of_irredentist_claims_or_disputes
player device on October 23. Worldwide, the best-selling albums were Hybrid Theory (2000) by Linkin Park, No Angel (1999) by Dido, and Survivor (2001) by Destiny's
2001_in_music
with two other men, had kidnapped a friend Alex had made at the resort, Sahara Sands. They intended to use her as blackmail for her father, Cameron Sands
List_of_Alex_Rider_characters
the Italians. Spain gained a small part of Morocco and modern-day Western Sahara. West Africa was dominated by France, although Britain ruled several smaller
History of Western civilization
History_of_Western_civilization
2020 American musical film and visual album by Beyoncé
directed by Pierre Debusschere and filmed on December 15, 2019, in the Sahara nature reserve in Lommel, Belgium. Debusschere recalled sometimes working
Black_Is_King
1981–1991 conflict part of Somali Civil War
"Military Intelligence Summary, Vol IV, Part III, Africa South of the Sahara". Defense Intelligence Agency. November 1987. p. 12. Small Arms in Somaliland:
Somaliland War of Independence
Somaliland_War_of_Independence
Extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth
of Africa was abundant with salt due to the mines and resources in the Sahara. The trade of gold for salt was primarily used to promote trade between
Mining
Species of grasshopper
(6.2-million-square-mile) belt that extends from Mauritania through the Sahara Desert in northern Africa, across the Arabian Peninsula, and into northwest
Desert_locust
Joe Bard & Danya Parkinson, Finley Fryer, Buckethead, Mutaytor, String Theory Arcadian Circle. The art was curated by Philip Blaine. Dropped Acts: The
Coachella_Festival_line-ups
monopoly in 1954. Aerial prospecting eased the task, particularly over the Sahara. The first significant deposit was found in 1956 at Mounana in Gabon. The
History of France's civil nuclear program
History_of_France's_civil_nuclear_program
Estimation of risk associated with exposure to a given set of hazards
2019 in local disaster risk reduction. As of 2019, in the South of the Sahara, risk assessment is not yet an institutionalized practice. The exposure
Risk_assessment
and MTV's Teen Wolf Thomas Dean Donnelly – screenwriter of films such as Sahara and an upcoming adaption of the Uncharted video games Aviva Drescher – television
List_of_Vassar_College_people
Extinct order of tetrapods
E.; Sereno, P.C.; Ide, O.; Maga, A. (2005). "Permian tetrapods from the Sahara show climate-controlled endemism in Pangaea" (PDF). Nature. 434 (7035):
Temnospondyli
City in Tombouctou Region, Mali
River, making for good agricultural land. Its position near the edge of the Sahara Desert made it a hub for trans-Saharan trade routes. Timbuktu also acts
Timbuktu
Management strategy for global warming
continuous area, it corresponds to a little more than half the size of the Sahara Desert. Ideally this area would be broken into several small regions globally
Passive daytime radiative cooling
Passive_daytime_radiative_cooling
Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine (2005). The History of African Cities South of the Sahara From the Origins to Colonization. Markus Wiener Pub. pp. 123–126. ISBN 978-1-55876-303-6
History_of_architecture
Misa, Thomas; Brey, Philip; Feenberg, Andrew (2003). "Critical Theory, Feminist Theory, and Technology Studies". Modernity and Technology. The MIT Press
List of The Nature of Things episodes
List_of_The_Nature_of_Things_episodes
Hanafi in the Turkic lands, the Middle East, and South Asia; Maliki in the Sahara; Shafi'i in Southeast Asia and the Horn of Africa; Hanbali in parts of the
International propagation of the Salafi movement and Wahhabism by region
International_propagation_of_the_Salafi_movement_and_Wahhabism_by_region
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to geography
parking vehicles Pier – Raised structure in a body of water Pipeline – Pumping fluids or gas through pipesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect
Outline_of_geography
Concept on the quality and availability of freshwater resources
overuse of non-renewable groundwater aquifers. Many aquifers have been over-pumped and are not recharging quickly. Although the total freshwater supply is
Peak_water
Artillery battery in Gibraltar
replace the Royal Gibraltar Regiment that was training at Exercise Jebel Sahara. The 10 Signal Regiment worked at O'Hara's Battery, clearing the gun pit
O'Hara's_Battery
French author and undersea explorer
translated into English) 1955: Le Plus Beau Désert du monde (1956 in the USA: Sahara Adventure. 1959 in the UK: The Most Beautiful Desert of All) 1956: Dans
Philippe_Diolé
Pre-colonial Akan polity in modern day Ghana
eastern Mediterranean, from where they may have been brought across the Sahara in precolonial times. If so, traditions claiming Bodom beads were locally
Bono_State
discography List of songs recorded by Drake Bell Lil Skies discography Lil Pump discography Katy Perry discography Mac Miller discography Kodak Black discography
Lists_of_songs
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SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
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SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
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SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
SAHARA PUMP-THEORY
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