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Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
al-Ḥājj Ali III (ʿAlī bin ʿUmar), called Ali Walamma and various other names, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-to-late 17th century
Ali_III_Walamma
Empire around Lake Chad, Africa, c. 700–1902
followed, until mai Ali I Gaji founded Ngazargamu as a new permanent capital. Although Kanem was later recovered by mai Idris III Katagarmabe, scholars
Kanem–Bornu_Empire
designates Biri as a son of Umar III and thus a brother of Ali III. Cohen (1966) concludes that Biri was either the same person as Ali, that the presence of the
List_of_mais_of_Kanem–Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ali I (‘Alī bin Dunama), called Ali Gaji, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the late 15th and early 16th century, ruling approximately 1470–1503
Ali_I_Gaji
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
briefly-reigning ruler immediately before mai Ali III Walamma, or his name may have been an alternate name for Ali III and misunderstood as a separate monarch
Biri_V
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ali V (ʿAlī bin Ibrāhīm), called Ali Minargema and Ali Delatumi, was the last mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire, ruling in 1846. Ali was installed as mai by
Ali_V_Minargema
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Gaji (Ghājī), also recorded as Ali (‘Alī), was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-15th century, ruling approximately 1456–1461. Possibly
Gaji_of_Bornu
Ruler of the Kanem–Bornu Empire (c. 1570–1603)
al-Ḥājj Idris IV (Idrīs bin ʿAlī), called Idris Alooma and Idris Amsami, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-to-late 16th century and
Idris_Alooma
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Sanda_Kura
Shehu of Bornu (1853–1854)
battle ended with the death of Ali and many of his followers. In the aftermath, Umar ordered the decimation of Ali's family and the destruction of Kafela
'Abd_ar-Rahman_of_Bornu
Legendary founder of Kanem
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Susam_of_Kanem
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
campaigns have been lost. Muhammad was a son of mai Idris III Katagarmabe. His mother was named Zainab. Ali became mai in the first half of the 16th century,
Muhammad_VI_Aminami
Shehu of Bornu in 1900 and from 1901 to 1922
taking Istanbul. The British countered through messages from Hussein bin Ali, ruler of Hejaz, who opposed the Ottomans and encouraged Muslims to fight
Abubakar_Garbai
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
century, ruling approximately 1544–1545. Ali was a son of mai Idris III Katagarmabe. His mother was named Zainab. Ali became mai in the mid-16th century, succeeding
Ali_II_Zainami
Queen regnant in the Kanem–Bornu Empire
version of the tale that presents Aissa as Ali II's daughter, Dunama VI (who succeeded Ali) had all the sons of Ali killed, except for Idris who was sent away
Aissa_Koli
Regent of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ali (ʿAlī bin Muḥammad), called Ali Fannami, Ali Ghamarami, and Ali Ngumaramma, was a prince of the Sayfawa dynasty who may have served as regent of the
Ali_Fannami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Idrisid prince, Ali Gaji. Although Uthman had the upper hand for most of the civil war, he was eventually defeated and dethroned by Ali, who replaced him
Uthman_IV_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
W. (1992). "The Chad region as a crossroads". General History of Africa III: Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century (Abridged ed.). UNESCO.
Hummay
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
List_of_shehus_of_Bornu
Sudanese warlord and empire-builder
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Rabih_az-Zubayr
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Uthman III (ʿUthmān bin Dāwūd), called Uthman Kalinumuwa and Uthman Daudumi, was briefly mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the early 15th century
Uthman_III_Kalinumuwa
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Idris III (Idrīs bin ʿAlī), called Idris Katagarmabe and Idris Alimi, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the early 16th century, ruling approximately
Idris_III_Katagarmabe
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
brother Dawud Nikalemi. The name is also spelled Saad. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 172–173
Sa'id_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
century, succeeding the possibly co-reigning mais Idris II Saradima and Dunama III. By Umar's time, internal struggles and external attacks had torn Kanem apart
Umar_I_Idrismi
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Ibrahim_Kura
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Dunama_I_Umemi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Kure was a son of mai Abdullah II Kademi. He succeeded his brother Selema III as mai in the early 14th century, after Selema died in battle against the
Kure_I_Gana
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Ibrahim_I_Nikale
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Selema III (Sǝlǝma bin ʿAbdallāh) was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the early 14th century, ruling approximately 1322–1326. Selema was a son
Selema_III
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
one of his sons, either Biri V (whose historicity is disputed) or Ali III Walamma. Different king lists (girgams) and chronicles translated in the 19th–20th
Umar_III_al-Maqdisi
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Kyari_of_Bornu
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
they installed Ibrahim's son Ali V Minargema as mai. When Umar and ʽAbd ar-Rahman returned, the Wadai army fled, leaving Ali and his supporters to face
Umar_Kura
First Muslim ruler of Kanem
W. (1992). "The Chad region as a crossroads". General History of Africa III: Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century (Abridged ed.). UNESCO.
Hu_of_Kanem
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Bukar_Kura
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
(Biri, Biri ʿUthmān, ʿUthmān Biri, or ʿUthmān bin Idrīs), enumerated as Biri III, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the late 14th and early 15th
Biri_III_Uthman
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Different sources give the location of Wuduroma's capture as Konduga or Shettima Ali Kolobe, near Damboa. Wuduroma was chained to a camel and taken to Rabih,
Sanda_Wuduroma
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
14th-century Dunama III, lowering the regnal numbers of later rulers of this name. This ruler is then considered Dunama IV. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni"
Dunama_V_Ahmad
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Biri_I_Uthman
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Abdullah_I_Bikur
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Dunama_II_Dibalemi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
earlier mais. The Sao rose up against the empire in the time of mai Selema III, a brother of Kure I and Kure II who had also been killed by the Sao. After
Kure_II_Kura
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Kade III (Kade bin ʿUthmān) was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-15th century, ruling approximately 1440–1444. Kade ruled during the "Era
Kade_III
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Ashimi_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
14th-century Dunama III, lowering the regnal numbers of later rulers of this name. This ruler is then considered Dunama III. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni"
Dunama_IV
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ahmad (Aḥmad bin ʿAlī), called Ahmad Alimi, was the mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1791–1808. Ahmad was a pious, learned, and compassionate ruler
Ahmad_Alimi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
bore this name (Uthman I, Uthman II, Uthman III Kalinumuwa and Biri III Uthman). Lange (1984) suggested Biri III Uthman as the most likely candidate. Some
Amarma
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Idrisid prince Ali Gaji defeated Uthman, the last Dawudid ruler, and drove the remaining Dawudids and their supporters from the empire. Ali Gaji then acted
Umar_II_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Dunama became mai in the mid-16th century, succeeding Muhammad VI's brother Ali II Zainami. Dunama is credited with fortifying the empire's capital, Ngazargamu
Dunama_VI_Muhammad
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
earlier mais. The Sao rose up against the empire in the time of mai Selema III, another of Muhammad's brothers. Before Muhammad's reign, the conflict with
Muhammad_I_Kure
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
and designates him as the successor of mai Abdullah III Dakumuni and the predecessor of Kade III. Kade's father was also named Uthman and he may thus
Ibrahim_II_of_Bornu
Islamic religious scholar and political leader (1776–1837)
kill the shehu in 1817. At this date, Dunama and Sultan ‘Uthman Burkomanda III al-Kabir of Bagirmi plotted to get rid of al-Kanemi. This foreign intervention
Muhammad_al-Amin_al-Kanemi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Idris I Nikalemi) prince Ali Gaji some years prior. Lange (1984) instead believed Muhammad V to have been a son of mai Muhammad III, who Lange interpreted
Muhammad_V_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
in Kanem. Abubakar was succeeded as mai by Idris II Saradima and Dunama III, who may have ruled together. King lists (girgams) and chronicles translated
Abubakar_Liyatu
Emir of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Fadlallah_bin_Rabih
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
IV. Biri became mai in the mid-15th century, after his predecessor Kade III had been defeated by the rival claimant Dunama V Ahmad. Biri ruled only briefly
Biri_IV
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
three years. He died at Ngazargamu and was succeeded as mai by his cousin Ali IV Kalirgima. Different king lists (girgams) and chronicles translated in
Dunama_VIII_Gana
Regent of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Fasama
Shehu of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Masta_Gumsumi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
power. The imperial court entered into an alliance with ‘Uthman Burkomanda III al-Kabir, ruler of the Sultanate of Bagirmi, who feared that al-Kanemi was
Dunama_IX_Lefiami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
sources in several places based on their familial relationships. Selema III is placed earlier in their lists than in those of other authors. Stewart
Biri_II_Ibrahim
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
of Dawud Nikalemi) branches of the Sayfawa dynasty. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 172–173
Uthman_II_of_Kanem
Last mai of the Duguwa dynasty
W. (1992). "The Chad region as a crossroads". General History of Africa III: Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century (Abridged ed.). UNESCO.
Selema_I
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
rulers of this name. This ruler is then considered Muhammad III. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University
Muhammad_IV_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Dawud_Nikalemi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
approximately 1369–1376, possibly co-ruling with mai Dunama III. The mais Idris Saradima and Dunama III are recorded in lists of Kanem–Bornu rulers (girgams)
Idris_II_Saradima
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
only a year on the throne. Kade was succeeded as mai by his brother Biri III Uthman. King lists (girgams) and chronicles translated in the 19th–20th centuries
Kade_II_Afunu
Mai of Kanem–Bornu Empire
Muhammad III (Muḥammad) was briefly mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-15th century, ruling approximately 1449–1450. Possibly a usurper
Muhammad_III_of_Bornu
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III (Ibrāhīm bin Idrīs), called Ibrahim Gumsami, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the early 17th century, ruling approximately 1618–1625
Ibrahim_III_Gumsami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Muhammad IX (Muḥammad bin ʿAlī bin Ḥamdūn), called Muhammad Ngileruma, was the mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1811–1814. Muhammad Ngileruma came
Muhammad_IX_Ngileruma
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ali IV (ʿAlī bin Ḥamdūn), called Ali Kalirgima, Ali Gulmi, Ali Dunamami, and Ali Fannami, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the second half
Ali_IV_Kalirgima
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
W. (1992). "The Chad region as a crossroads". General History of Africa III: Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century (PDF) (Abridged ed.). UNESCO
Arki_of_Kanem
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
of Shuwa Arabs. Muhammad was succeeded as mai by his half-brother Ibrahim III Gumsami. Most king lists (girgams) and chronicles translated in the 19th–20th
Muhammad_VII_Bukalmarami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Selema_II
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
century. Muhammad and three of his brothers who reigned before him (Selema III, Kure I Gana, and Kure II Kura) had been killed in quick succession in wars
Idris_I_Nikalemi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Abdullah III (ʿAbdallāh bin ʿUmar), called Abdullah Dakumuni and Abdallah Auja, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the early 15th century, ruling
Abdullah_III_Dakumuni
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
two-year famine is recorded in his time; later chronicles named this famine Ali Shuwa. The German explorer Heinrich Barth, who visited Bornu in the 1850s
Muhammad_VIII_Ergama
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Jalil_of_Kanem
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
of Dawud Nikalemi) branches of the Sayfawa dynasty. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 172–173
Uthman_I_of_Kanem
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Hamdan_Dunamami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Dunama III (Dunama bin Ibrāhīm) may have been a mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the 14th century, approximately 1369–1376, possibly co-ruling
Dunama_III
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Dirke_Kelem
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
ruling approximately 1555–1563, perhaps under the regency of his uncle Ali Fannami. Abdullah was a son of mai Dunama VI Muhammad, who he succeeded as
Abdullah_IV_Dunamami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
Ibrahim III Gumsami Umar III al-Maqdisi Biri V Ali III Walamma Idris V Dunama VII Martemarambi Hamdan Dunamami Muhammad VIII Ergama Dunama VIII Gana Ali IV
Kade_I_Aujami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
died of natural causes in Njimi and was succeeded as mai by his son Selema III. Selema and his three successors (Kure I Gana, Kure II Kura, and Muhammad
Abdullah_II_Kademi
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
of Dawud Nikalemi) branches of the Sayfawa dynasty. Lange, Dierk (2012). "Ali Gajideni". Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. pp. 172–173
Muhammad_II_Manza
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
during the second attempt. Ibrahim was only briefly succeeded by his son, Ali V Minargema, before the office of mai was abolished for good. Ibrahim was
Ibrahim_IV_Lefiami
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
bin ʿAlī) was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the late 17th century, ruling approximately 1680–1699. Idris was a son of mai Ali III Walamma, who
Idris_V
Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
18th century, ruling approximately 1699–1717. Dunama was a son of mai Ali III Walamma and succeeded his brother Idris V as mai in the late 17th or early
Dunama_VII_Martemarambi
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