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Beam of positively charged ions
An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes. They were first observed
Anode_ray
Beam of electrons observed in vacuum tubes
cathode rays were discovered, called Crookes tubes, this was done by using a high electrical potential of thousands of volts between the anode and the
Cathode_ray
Vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays
the tube to release electrons, which are accelerated toward the anode and produce X-rays when they strike it. The Crookes tube was improved by William Coolidge
X-ray_tube
Electrode through which conventional current flows into a polarized electrical device
An anode usually is an electrode of a polarized electrical device through which conventional current enters the device. This contrasts with a cathode
Anode
Type of discharge tube
electrodes, the cathode and the anode, one at either end. When a high voltage is applied between the electrodes, cathode rays (electrons) are projected in
Crookes_tube
Elastic interaction of x-rays with electrons
sealed X-ray tube has a stationary anode (the Crookes tube) and runs with ~2 kW of electron beam power. The more expensive variety has a rotating-anode type
X-ray_diffraction
Vacuum tube used to display images
plates, and an anode accelerates them towards the phosphor-coated screen, which generates light when hit by the electrons. Cathode rays were discovered
Cathode_ray_tube
Form of electromagnetic radiation
created X-rays when they struck the anode or the glass wall of the tube. The earliest experimenter thought to have (unknowingly) produced X-rays was William
X-ray
German physicist (1850–1930)
an early investigator of discharge tubes, and the discoverer of anode rays or canal rays, later identified as positive ions in the gas phase including the
Eugen_Goldstein
Type of microscope that uses X-rays
X-ray phase-contrast microscopy, from a focal spot about 10 um x 10 um, may be obtained with an X-ray source which uses a liquid metal galinstan anode.
X-ray_microscope
Phenomenon in X-ray tubes
In X-ray tubes, the heel effect or, more precisely, the anode heel effect is a variation of the intensity of X-rays emitted by the anode depending on
Heel_effect
Chemical analysis technique
electrons are driven to a small collecting anode. The advantage lies in the extremely low capacitance of this anode, thereby utilizing shorter processing times
Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
Energy-dispersive_X-ray_spectroscopy
Device for generating microwaves
grid) is inserted between the cathode and the anode, the flow of electrons between the cathode and anode can be regulated by varying the voltage on this
Cavity_magnetron
Device that controls current between electrodes
electron-emitting cathode and an anode. Conventional current can flow in only one direction through the device: from the cathode to the anode (hence the name "valve"
Vacuum_tube
Machine that generates X-rays
applications.[citation needed] An X-ray generator also needs to contain a cooling system to cool the anode; many X-ray generators use water or oil recirculating
X-ray_machine
gas discharges in the mid 19th century led to the discovery of anode and cathode rays, which turned out to be positive ions and electrons. Improved capabilities
History_of_mass_spectrometry
British physicist (1856–1940)
deflection of cathode rays. Cathode rays were produced in the side tube on the left of the apparatus and passed through the anode into the main bell jar
J._J._Thomson
electrons formed in the cathode side of an X-ray tube can interact with the electrons of a tungsten target on the anode side and produce ionized radiation or
Line_focus_principle
Imaging technique using radiation
strongly determined by the size of the X-ray source. This is determined by the area of the electron beam hitting the anode. A large photon source results in
Radiography
Technique to characterize materials using X-ray radiation
institutions. An X-ray spectrograph consists of a high voltage power supply (50 kV or 100 kV), a broad band X-ray tube, usually with a tungsten anode and a beryllium
X-ray_spectroscopy
Emission of secondary X-rays from a material excited by high-energy X-rays
through the tube are progressively decelerated by the material of the tube anode (the "target"). A typical tube output spectrum is shown in Figure 3. For
X-ray_fluorescence
Type of rechargeable battery
battery, based on a titanium disulfide cathode and a lithium-aluminium anode, although it suffered from safety problems and was never commercialized
Lithium-ion_battery
Material placed in front of an X-ray source
Mammography Rhodium - Used in Mammography with Rhodium anodes Aluminium - Used in general radiography x-ray tubes Copper - Used in general radiography - especially
X-ray_filter
Spectroscopic technique
Non-monochromatic X-ray sources also produce a significant amount of heat (100 to 200 °C) on the surface of the sample because the anode that produces the X-rays is typically
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray_photoelectron_spectroscopy
Subatomic particle with positive charge
discovered canal rays (also known as anode rays) exiting from perforations in the discharge tube. Wilhelm Wien in 1898 showed that these rays had a charge
Proton
Electrical component producing a narrow electron beam
and one or more anode electrodes which accelerate and further focus the beam. A large voltage difference between the cathode and anode accelerates the
Electron_gun
Medical diagnostic technology
itself, electron-beam focal point (and hence the X-ray source point) is rapidly swept along a tungsten anode in the tube, tracing a large circular arc on its
Electron beam computed tomography
Electron_beam_computed_tomography
Type of electrical rectifier with a liquid cathode
graphite rods as anodes. Their number depends on the application, with one anode usually provided per phase. The shape of the anode arms ensures that
Mercury-arc_valve
Electrode where reduction takes place
flows the other way, into the device, is termed an anode. Conventional current flows from cathode to anode outside the cell or device (with electrons moving
Cathode
Emission of secondary X-rays from a material excited by high-energy X-rays
with the corresponding energy. In X-ray tubes, this directional change is the electron hitting the metal target (anode). In synchrotrons, the outer magnetic
X-ray_emission_spectroscopy
Branch of physical chemistry
and the oxidation potential for the anode. E°cell = E°red (cathode) – E°red (anode) = E°red (cathode) + E°oxi (anode) For example, the standard electrode
Electrochemistry
Instrument that can measure properties of X-rays
around the anode wire. This makes the signal very strong, but causes a dead time after each event and makes it impossible to measure the X-ray energies
X-ray_detector
Analytical technique based on determining mass to charge ratio of ions
negatively charged cathode rays (which travel from cathode to anode). Goldstein called these positively charged anode rays "Kanalstrahlen"; the standard
Mass_spectrometry
Vacuum tube with four active electrodes
are: a thermionic cathode, first and second grids, and a plate (called anode in British English). There are several varieties of tetrodes, the most common
Tetrode
X-ray radiation detector
the reduction of capacitance between anode and FET, which reduces electronic noise. Other designs move the anode and FET outside of the irradiated area
Silicon_drift_detector
American physicist and diplomat (1898–1986)
described a method for determining the ionization energy of a molecule using anode rays and demonstrated the method on mercury vapor. In the following year he
Henry_DeWolf_Smyth
Medical imaging procedure
large enough X-ray tube is constructed so that only the path of the electrons, travelling between the cathode and anode of the X-ray tube, are spun using
CT_scan
orbiting observatory based on multi-anode multi-layer proportional chambers, one that showed the power of X-ray spectroscopy; for example, it established
History_of_X-ray_astronomy
Experimental method in X-ray diffraction
Powder diffraction is a scientific technique using X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction on powder or microcrystalline samples for structural characterization
Powder_diffraction
Velocity filter for charged particles
It is named for Wilhelm Wien who developed it in 1898 for the study of anode rays. It can be configured as a charged particle energy analyzer, monochromator
Wien_filter
Part of a Geiger counter
the anode. Close to the anode in the "avalanche region" where the electric field strength rises inversely proportional to radial distance as the anode is
Geiger–Müller_tube
Plasma formed by passage of current through gas
radiation source such as ultraviolet light or cosmic rays. At higher voltages across the anode and cathode, the freed carriers can gain enough energy
Glow_discharge
Water-based graphite used in CRTs
high-voltage positive electrode, the second anode, which accelerates the electron beam. The second anode is a metal cylinder inside the neck of the tube
Aquadag
Electronic numeric display device
other information using glow discharge. The glass tube contains a wire-mesh anode and multiple cathodes, shaped like numerals or other symbols. Applying power
Nixie_tube
German nuclear physicist (1895-1982)
attended the doctoral program and did his fundamental research on the Anode ray under Physics Nobel Laureate Wilhelm Wien, prior awarding his PhD in physics
Robert_Döpel
German physicist (1864–1928)
Wien filter (also known as velocity selector) in 1898 for the study of anode rays. It is a device consisting of perpendicular electric and magnetic fields
Wilhelm_Wien
Process of extracting aluminium from its oxide alumina
electrolyte is maintained at high temperature inside the cell. The prebaked anode is also made of carbon in the form of large sintered blocks suspended in
Aluminium_smelting
Instrument for displaying time-varying signals
adjusts the voltage on the last CRT anode (immediately next to the Y deflection plates). For a circular spot, the final anode must be at the same potential
Oscilloscope
Device that converts x-rays into visible light with greater contrast
10 to 15%. A potential difference (25-35 kilovolts) created between the anode and photocathode then accelerates these photoelectrons while electron lenses
X-ray_image_intensifier
City in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
skin cream. Eugen Goldstein (1850–1930), German physicist, discoverer of anode rays, sometimes credited for the discovery of the proton. Julian Kornhauser
Gliwice
Imaging systems using changes in phase
polychromatic beams, like those generated by a conventional rotating-anode X-ray tube. This is done by introducing two opportunely designed masks (sometimes
Phase-contrast_X-ray_imaging
Alloy that is liquid at room temperature
be obtained with an X-ray source that uses a liquid-metal galinstan anode of 9.25 keV X-rays (gallium K-alpha line) for X-ray phase microscopy of fixed
Galinstan
Type of rechargeable battery
dissolution from the anode surface (and incorporation into alkali metal polysulfide salts) during discharge, and reverse lithium plating to the anode while charging
Lithium–sulfur_battery
Type of solid-state switch
larger current of the anode-to-cathode path. In a two-lead thyristor, conduction begins when the potential difference between the anode and cathode themselves
Thyristor
External anode, liquid convection cooling N – External anode, natural convection air cooling S – External anode, conduction cooling V – Vapor cooled (anode is
List_of_vacuum_tubes
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
electrons. The ions move from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte. At the same time, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external
Fuel_cell
{\displaystyle Z} . Anode X-ray sources have been successfully used to study gold ( Z = 79 {\displaystyle Z=79} ) for example. When doing X-ray measurements
X-ray_crystal_truncation_rod
Type of capacitor
electrolytic capacitors are (usually) polarized electrolytic capacitors whose anode electrode (+) is made of a pure aluminium foil with an etched surface. The
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor
Aluminum_electrolytic_capacitor
accurate electricity meter (Pendelzähler) by Hermann Aron 1886: Discovery of anode rays by Eugen Goldstein 1887: Discoveries of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric
List of German inventions and discoveries
List_of_German_inventions_and_discoveries
Bio-electrochemical system
oxidation of reduced compounds (also known as fuel or electron donor) on the anode to oxidized compounds such as oxygen (also known as oxidizing agent or electron
Microbial_fuel_cell
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
layer, addressable grid, or ITO segments serve as or are connected to the anode, which may be made of ITO or metal. OLEDs can be made flexible and transparent
OLED
tubes, the entire vacuum tube rotates with respect to the anode axis, versus rotating anode tubes, in which the target disk rotates inside a stationary
Straton_tube
Type of battery
store chemical energy in reactive chemicals at the anodes and cathodes of a cell. Typically, anodes and cathodes exchange lithium (Li+) ions through a
Thin-film_lithium-ion_battery
for observed hydrogen line wavelengths 1886 Eugen Goldstein produced anode rays; 1887 Heinrich Hertz discovers the photoelectric effect 1894 Lord Rayleigh
Timeline of atomic and subatomic physics
Timeline_of_atomic_and_subatomic_physics
Mirabilis papers Annus mirabilis Anode ray Anomalon Anomalous Diffraction Theory Anomalous X-ray pulsar Anomalous cosmic ray Anomalous diffusion Anomalous
Index_of_physics_articles_(A)
Indian space observatory
division in a set of resistive anode wires connected in series. The prime objects for observation with this instrument are the X-ray bright accretion powered
XPoSat
Electrode in the electron gun assembly of some thermionic devices
positioned directly above the Wehnelt aperture, and an anode is located below the Wehnelt. The anode is biased to a high positive voltage (typically +1 kV
Wehnelt_cylinder
Crystalline form of carbon
graphite are used as an anode material to construct electrodes in major battery technologies. Graphite is the "predominant anode material used today in
Graphite
Sagittal MRI of the knee A 3 tesla MRI scanner fMRI scanner Rotating anode X-ray tube X-ray guided cholecystectomy Mobile fluoroscopy machine Arun Baran Singha
Instruments_used_in_radiology
Electric circuit that generates high DC voltage from low-voltage AC or pulsing DC input
everyday electronic devices that require high voltages, such as dental X-ray machines and air ionizers. The CW generator is a voltage multiplier that
Cockcroft–Walton_generator
Flat panel display technology
300 microns apart. The space created by the spaces contains a vacuum. The anode may be made out of aluminum or Indium tin oxide (ITO), and it may be placed
Field-emission_display
History of radiation-based medical imaging
a static detector array and a static X-ray source. This was achieved using a large semi-circular tungsten anode made of multiple arcs, across which an
History of computed tomography
History_of_computed_tomography
Formation of 2D images using X-rays
tissues. Often a tube with a molybdenum anode is used with about 30 000 volts (30 kV), giving a range of X-ray energies of about 15-30 keV. Many of these
Projectional_radiography
Visual indicator of the amplitude of an electronic signal
consisting of a conical-shaped target anode coated with zinc silicate or similar material. The display section's anode is usually directly connected to the
Magic_eye_tube
Type of tetrode vacuum tube
space charge region between the anode and screen grid to return anode secondary emission electrons to the anode when the anode potential is less than that
Beam_tetrode
Gaseous ionization detector
the cathode and electrons towards the anode. This is the "ion drift" region. In the immediate vicinity of the anode wire, the field strength becomes large
Proportional_counter
American physicist and engineer
"X-ray anode" Coolidge, U.S. patent 1,917,099, "X-ray tube" Coolidge, U.S. patent 1,946,312, "X-ray tube" Coolidge, U.S. patent 1,967,869, "X-ray device"
William_D._Coolidge
Peak voltage across an X-ray tube
accelerates these electrons toward an anode target, ultimately producing X-rays when the electrons are stopped in the anode. Thus, the kVp corresponds to the
Peak_kilovoltage
Japanese X-ray equipment manufacturer
anode X-ray generator. 1954 Rigaku introduced the first automatic-recording X-ray diffractometer. 1973 Rigaku introduced the Miniflex series of X-ray
Rigaku
Sources of electricity or hydrogen via electrolysis
photo-electrodes in the assembly of PECs exist: photo-anode made of a n-type semiconductor and a metal cathode photo-anode made of a n-type semiconductor and a photo-cathode
Photoelectrochemical_cell
of a planar cathode and a pixelated anode and are operated under a negative bias voltage. X-rays and gamma rays interacting within the detector layer
High energy X-ray imaging technology
High_energy_X-ray_imaging_technology
Treatment of cancer with ionized radiation
Kilovoltage X-rays are typically produced using an X-ray tube, in which electrons travel through a vacuum from a hot cathode to a cold anode, which also
External_beam_radiotherapy
Form of physical vapor deposition
deposition, or EBPVD, is a form of physical vapor deposition in which a target anode is bombarded with an electron beam given off by a charged tungsten filament
Electron-beam physical vapor deposition
Electron-beam_physical_vapor_deposition
Gas-filled tube, electrical switch, rectifier
thyratron. A thyratron consists of a hot cathode, an anode, and one or more control grids between the anode and cathode in an airtight glass or ceramic envelope
Thyratron
Four-layer solid-state current-controlling device
short-circuit the anode and cathode momentarily with a push-button switch or transistor across the junction. When a negative voltage is applied to the anode and a
Silicon_controlled_rectifier
Type of microwave generator
duration of about 50–150 nanoseconds. The electrons are attracted to a thin anode, such as an aluminized PET film or a stainless steel mesh, that is connected
Vircator
switching to silicon-carbon batteries which utilize silicon anodes rather than traditional graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries, which allows for higher energy
Research in lithium-ion batteries
Research_in_lithium-ion_batteries
Converts light into current
built-in electric field of the depletion region. Thus holes move toward the anode, and electrons toward the cathode, and a photocurrent is produced. The total
Photodiode
Analytical technique
field in PAGE, the negatively charged polypeptide chains travel toward the anode with different mobility. Their mobility, or the distance traveled by molecules
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
Polyacrylamide_gel_electrophoresis
Norwegian physicist (1880–1963)
get another scholarship and go to the University of Würzburg to study anode rays, which were relevant to his hypothesis about positive ions in aurora,
Lars_Vegard
Display used in consumer electronics
roughly similar to a cathode-ray tube, but operating at much lower voltages. Each tube in a VFD has a phosphor-coated carbon anode that is bombarded by electrons
Vacuum_fluorescent_display
Type of rechargeable battery without cobalt
material, and a graphitic carbon electrode with a metallic backing as the anode. Because of their low cost, high safety, low toxicity, long cycle life and
Lithium iron phosphate battery
Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery
Electron diffraction by reflection from surfaces
cathode and a positively biased anode draws electrons from the tip of the tungsten filament. The magnitude of the anode bias determines the energy of the
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction
Reflection_high-energy_electron_diffraction
Standard unit of mass for atomic-scale entities
the anode of an electrolysis cell, while passing a constant electric current I for a known time t. If m is the mass of silver lost from the anode and
Dalton_(unit)
Inorganic chemical compound
in water, it is used as a release material in casting of copper anode plates. The anode plates are cast in copper molds, so to avoid the direct contact
Barium_sulfate
English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)
and the system of oxidation numbers, and popularised terminology such as "anode", "cathode", "electrode" and "ion". Faraday ultimately became the first
Michael_Faraday
Vacuum tube with an electron beam deflectable to one of two anodes
Modulated beam deflection tube, for pulse generation up to 375 MHz; single-anode version, shock-proof up to 500 g 7360 - Balanced modulator or product detector
Beam_deflection_tube
Single-grid amplifying vacuum tube having three active electrodes
evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode). Developed from Lee De Forest's 1906 Audion, a partial vacuum tube that
Triode
Type of cathode-ray tube
cathode and an anode hole. From the cathode (-) electrons are emitted and accelerated by the electric field towards the positively charged anode (+). Through
Teltron_tube
When a particle's interactions with a material cause it to emit new particles
effect in electronic vacuum tubes when electrons from the cathode strike the anode, and can cause parasitic oscillation. Commonly used secondary emissive materials
Secondary_emission
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
Girl/Female
Tamil
Abode, Existence
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Exalted Abode
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Quardangular Abode
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Divine Abode
Boy/Male
Hindu
Abode of God
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Blissful Abode
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Eternal Abode
Girl/Female
Indian
Abode, Existence
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Priceless Abode
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Ray; Light; Abode; Glory
Boy/Male
Tamil
Abode of light
Girl/Female
Tamil
Jasleena | ஜஸà¯à®²à¯€à®¨à®¾
Abode of fame
Jasleena | ஜஸà¯à®²à¯€à®¨à®¾
Girl/Female
Hindu
Abode of fame
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Blissful Abode
Girl/Female
Indian
Abode, Existence
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Immortal Abode
Girl/Female
British, English
Beautiful Flower
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Abode; Shelter
Girl/Female
Tamil
Abode, Existence
Boy/Male
Tamil
Mundakarama | à®®à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¾à®•à®¾à®°à®®à®¾à®‚Â
Abode of happiness
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Welborn.
Girl/Female
Latin American
Young. Jove's child. Feminine of Julius.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sri Varshan | à®·à¯à®°à¯€ வரà¯à®·à®¾à®¨Â
Girl/Female
Hindu
Beauty
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
From the Sea's Edge
Boy/Male
Indian
Good
Boy/Male
Hindu
Budding
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Ladd.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Life
Boy/Male
Indian
Glimmer
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
ANODE RAY
n.
See Node.
n.
Fig.: Dwelling; abode; habitation.
n.
A hole in the gnomon of a dial, through which passes the ray of light which marks the hour of the day, the parallels of the sun's declination, his place in the ecliptic, etc.
n.
A rustic cottage or abode; poetically, an attractive abode or retreat.
n.
Abode of an anchoret.
n.
Dwelling; abode; residence.
n.
The positive pole of an electric battery, or more strictly the electrode by which the current enters the electrolyte on its way to the other pole; -- opposed to cathode.
n.
Residence; abode.
pl.
of Apode
a.
Dwelling; habitation; abode.
a.
Without a node.
n.
Alt. of Apode
n.
An abode; a cottage.
n.
An abode or dwelling.
n.
The positive electrode of an electrolytic cell; anode.
n.
Abode; place of dwelling; residence.
pl.
of Apode
n.
The point at which a curve crosses itself, being a double point of the curve. See Crunode, and Acnode.
imp. & p. p.
Abode.
n.
A knot; a node.