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Search references for ATTESTED LANGUAGE. Phrases containing ATTESTED LANGUAGE
See searches and references containing ATTESTED LANGUAGE!ATTESTED LANGUAGE
Linguistic varieties with evidence of having existed
In linguistics, attested languages are languages (living or dead) that have been documented and for which the evidence ("attestation") has survived to
Attested_language
Common ancestor of a language family
proto-language is a postulated ancestral language from which a number of attested languages are believed to have descended by evolution, forming a language
Proto-language
Ancestor of the Indo-European languages
reconstructible for Proto-Kartvelian. The Lusitanian language was a marginally attested language spoken in areas near the border between present-day Portugal
Proto-Indo-European_language
Extinct East Germanic language
and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. It is the earliest Germanic language that is attested in any sizable texts, but it
Gothic_language
Extinct Indo-European language
and poorly attested language, spoken in ancient times in Southeast Europe by the Thracians. The linguistic affinities of the Thracian language are poorly
Thracian_language
Group of languages related through a common ancestor
relationships between languages are not directly attested. For instance, the Romance languages and the North Germanic languages are also related to each
Language_family
Languages of Eurasia before the arrival of Indo-European languages
vocabulary, language not attested) Harappan language (not attested in readable script; see Indus script) Lullubi language Vedda language Burushaski language Dravidian
Pre-Indo-European_languages
Language of ancient Sumer and Babylon
romanized: eme-gir15, lit. 'native language') was the language of ancient Sumer. It is the oldest attested language, dating back to at least 3100 BC, perhaps
Sumerian_language
Branch of the Afroasiatic languages
Levant respectively. The only earlier attested languages are Sumerian and Elamite (2800 BCE to 550 BCE), both language isolates, and Egyptian (c. 3000 BCE)
Semitic_languages
Bear witness, confirm or authenticate
Wiktionary The dictionary definition of attestor at Wiktionary Attested language, a language for which documented evidence exists Law, Jonathan, ed. (2022)
Attestation
Proposed language family including Basque and Aquitanian
proper in the north together with Vasconic, the far more sparsely attested language of the Vascones in the south. Taken broadly, Aquitanian therefore
Vasconic_languages
Utian language family of California
languages, and in 1994 there were two speakers of Lake Miwok. The best attested language is Southern Sierra Miwok, from which the name Yosemite originates
Miwok_languages
Language group
of different related languages and dialects across Europe in pre-Roman times,[citation needed] but only a small number are attested: Lepontic (6th to 4th
Continental_Celtic_languages
Extinct Bronze Age Indo-European language
Nesite, is an extinct Indo-European language formerly spoken in Anatolia during the Bronze Age. The language is attested in cuneiform texts, primarily from
Hittite_language
Branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family
attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Of the Middle Iranian languages
Iranian_languages
Extinct branch of Indo-European languages
Hittite, the earliest-attested Indo-European language. Only discovered in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Anatolian languages are probably the
Anatolian_languages
Historic form of Sanskrit
Vedic language, is the earliest attested form of the Sanskrit and Prakrit languages: members of the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European language family
Vedic_Sanskrit
Ancient Indo-European language of the Hittite Empire
Luvia) – the name of the region in which the Luwians lived. Luwiya is attested, for example, in the Hittite laws. The two varieties of Luwian are known
Luwian_language
Major division of the Niger–Congo language family
the West Atlantic languages Nalu and Rio Nunez as unclassified languages within Niger-Congo. There are a few poorly attested languages, such as Bayot and
Atlantic–Congo_languages
Ancestor of Latin and other Italic languages
Proto-Italic language is the ancestor of the Italic languages, most notably Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages. It is not directly attested in writing
Proto-Italic_language
Extinct indigenous language of Brazil
Ceococe) is an extinct and poorly attested language of Brazil that is not known to be related to other languages. It has been classified as being related
Xokó_language
Ancient language of Asia Minor
Euphrates as "Land of the Hatti" (Khatti). The heartland of the oldest attested language of Anatolia before the arrival of Hittite-speakers, ranged from Hattusa
Hattic_language
Salutation or greeting
Hello is a salutation or greeting in the English language. It is first attested in writing from 1826. Hello, with that spelling, was used in publications
Hello
Historical group of Indo-Aryan languages from 600 BCE to 1000 CE
descendants of Old Indo-Aryan (OIA; attested through Vedic Sanskrit) and the predecessors of the modern Indo-Aryan languages, such as Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu)
Middle_Indo-Aryan_languages
Uto-Aztecan language branch of Mexico
be part of the Taracahitic languages, but this is no longer considered a valid genetic unit. The poorly attested language of the Acaxee has also been
Cahitan_languages
Extinct Uto-Aztecan language
Zacatec language is an extinct and poorly attested language, likely of the Uto-Aztecan language family. It has been suspected to be a Nahuan language, or
Zacateco_language
Extinct languages of the Andes
Peru once harbored numerous languages of diverse linguistic affiliations. Most of them are poorly attested or not attested at all. Those of the middle
Extinct languages of northern Peru
Extinct_languages_of_northern_Peru
Ancient Iranian language
group that encompasses numerous distinct languages attested in significantly more recent periods. The language is posited to be the ancestor of Parthian
Median_language
Extinct Indo-European language of central Anatolia
an overview of this language", "Macedonian is better explained as a Greek dialect than a proper language", and "Albanian is attested as late as fourteenth
Phrygian_language
Extinct language of Ghana
Blench considered it to be a possible language isolate, or alternatively a Kwa language. A poorly attested language spoken in the nearby village of Tuluwe
Mpra_language
Indigenous South American language family
decisions on whether a variety is a language or a dialect, changing names, and not addressing several poorly attested languages, Aikhenvald departs from Kaufman
Arawakan_languages
Language that has no demonstrable genetic relationship with other languages
are examples of language isolates, as too are well attested extinct languages such as Sumerian and Elamite. The exact number of language isolates is unknown
Language_isolate
Extinct unclassified language of Peru
Tallán is an extinct and poorly attested language of the Piura Region of Peru. It is too poorly known to be definitively classified. It may have a possible
Tallán_language
Ancestor of the Germanic languages
Proto-Germanic language is not directly attested and has been reconstructed using the comparative method with other more archaic and earlier attested Indo-European
Proto-Germanic_language
Branch of the Iranian languages
The Western Iranian languages or Western Iranic languages are a branch of the Iranian languages, attested from the time of Old Persian (6th century BC)
Western_Iranian_languages
Language family native to Eurasia
Hellenic language. Indo-Iranian, attested c. 1400 BC, descended from Proto-Indo-Iranian (dated to the late 3rd millennium BC). Indo-Aryan, attested from around
Indo-European_languages
Reconstructed ancestor of the Afroasiatic language family
Afroasiatic are attested as early as 3000 BC, while the languages of the Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, and Omotic branches are only attested much later, sometimes
Proto-Afroasiatic_language
Proto-language of all the Slavic languages
proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; scholars have reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic
Proto-Slavic_language
Medieval Slavic literary language
slə-VON-ik, slav-ON-) is the first Slavic literary language and the oldest extant written Slavonic language attested in literary sources. It belongs to the Eastern
Old_Church_Slavonic
Large dialect continuum from the Levant and Mesopotamia
Sutean, a Semitic language, possibly of the Canaanite branch. Amarna Canaanite – attested only through the Canaano-Akkadian language of the Amarna letters
Canaanite_languages
Large language family of Africa and West Asia
speakers, and many Afroasiatic languages in Africa are vulnerable or endangered. There are many well-attested Afroasiatic languages from antiquity that have
Afroasiatic_languages
Extinct ancient language of Lemnos, modern Greece
The Lemnian language is an extinct Tyrsenian language attested by inscriptions from the island of Lemnos, Greece, dating to the second half of the 6th
Lemnian_language
Hypothetical unclassified languages of late Neolithic Mesopotamia
Proto-Tigridic languages with the so-called "banana languages", named for a characteristic feature of multiple personal names attested in Sumerian texts
Pre-Sumerian_substratum
West Germanic language
Germanic language of the Indo-European language family that emerged in early medieval England and has since become a global lingua franca. The language is named
English_language
Extinct language in Egypt
known written languages, first recorded in the hieroglyphic script in the late 4th millennium BC, and the longest-attested human language with a written
Egyptian_language
Extinct language of Colombia
Malibú (Malebú) is an extinct and poorly attested language formerly spoken in Magdalena Department in Colombia. The name "Malibú" is the word for cacique
Malibú_language
Extinct language of Brazil
(also called Praki-ô, Prakió, and Paraquió) is an extinct and poorly attested language of northeastern Brazil, known only through two wordlists published
Paratió_language
Proposed group of extinct languages
group of languages that is considered to be an extinct sister branch of the Mongolic languages. Para-Mongolic contains certain historically attested extinct
Para-Mongolic_languages
poorly-attested language spoken by people in the general Gond area, and so is assumed to be related to Gondi. Glottolog classifies the Gondoid languages as
Gondoid_languages
Extinct pre-Indo-European language family
Italy and Austria, named after the Rhaetian people; and the Lemnian language attested in Lemnos in the northern Aegean Sea. Camunic in northern Lombardy
Tyrsenian_languages
Extinct Indo-European languages in Asia
being mutually unintelligible. A common Proto-Tocharian language must precede the attested languages by several centuries, probably dating to the late 1st
Tocharian_languages
Punjabi language uses both Gurmukhi script as well as Shahmukhi script officially but Google Translate uses Gurmukhi script only. Angika is attested to have
Languages_of_India
Language family
The Khoe–Kwadi languages are a family consisting of the Khoe languages of southern Africa and the poorly attested extinct Kwadi language of Angola. The
Khoe–Kwadi_languages
Extinct Yeniseian language of Russia
branch, being its only attested language. The closest known relative of Arin, Pumpokol, has been suggested to be similar to the language of the ruling elite
Arin_language
Extinct Indo-European language of northeast Italy
exact relationship to languages such as Latin, Germanic, Celtic, and other Italic languages is debated. The language is attested by over 300 short inscriptions
Venetic_language
Processes of understanding how earlier languages were spoken
asterisk (*) to distinguish them from attested forms. An attested word from which a root in the proto-language is reconstructed is a reflex. More generally
Linguistic_reconstruction
Bronze Age civilization on Crete and other Aegean Islands
of the Minoan language is unknown. Based on what is known, the language is regarded as unlikely to belong to a well-attested language family such as
Minoan_civilization
Arawakan language
Neo-Taíno lexicon by way of comparative linguistics with better-attested Arawakan languages. Puerto Rican linguist Javier Hernandez published his Primario
Taíno_language
Extinct language of Peru
poorly attested Indigenous language formerly spoken by the Chimú people on the coast of northern Peru. After the Spanish conquest, the language went into
Quingnam_language
Standard form of the Hebrew language
Hebrew language spoken today. It is the only extant Canaanite language of the Semitic language family, as well as one of the oldest attested languages to
Modern_Hebrew
Reconstructed ancestor of the Albanian languages
of native words at the points of major influxes of loans from well-attested languages. In historical linguistics Proto-Albanian is broken up into different
Proto-Albanian_language
Dayak language spoken on Borneo
Kembayan, or Mateq (Mate'), is a Dayak language of Borneo. The phoneme /ᵐb/ is only attested in a single word that has likely been borrowed. Additionally
Kembayan_language
Nilo-Saharan language family of Central Africa
the CAR, and South Sudan. Starostin (2011) notes that the poorly attested language Mimi of Decorse is suggestive of Central Sudanic, though he provisionally
Central_Sudanic_languages
Subgroup of the Semitic languages
speakers of East Semitic languages wandered further east, settling in Mesopotamia during the 3rd millennium BC, as attested by Akkadian texts from this
East_Semitic_languages
Indo-Aryan language of Sri Lanka
literature. Early forms of the Sinhalese language are attested to as early as the 3rd century BCE. The language of these inscriptions, still retaining long
Sinhala_language
Ancestor of the Finnic languages
common ancestor of the Finnic languages, which include the national languages Finnish and Estonian. Proto-Finnic is not attested in any texts, but has been
Proto-Finnic_language
Language spoken in the Xiongnu empire
confederation which existed from the 3rd century BCE to 100 AD. It is sparsely attested, and the extant material available on it comprises about 150 words, as
Xiongnu_language
Reconstructed ancestor of the Anatolian languages
no attested writings have been found; the language has been reconstructed by applying the comparative method to all the attested Anatolian languages as
Proto-Anatolian_language
Extinct language isolate of Sudan
however accept it as Koman, though too poorly attested to be much help in reconstructing that family. The language was spoken by the inhabitants of Jebel Gule
Gule_language
Indo-European language
decline for case (from six cases in the earliest forms attested to four in the modern language). Nouns, articles, and adjectives show all the distinctions
Greek_language
Extinct Sino-Tibetan language of Tibet
zhung) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was spoken in Zhangzhung in what is now western Tibet. It is attested in a bilingual text called A Cavern
Zhang-Zhung_language
Extinct and unclassified language
Amotomanco is an extinct and poorly attested language of southern Texas and northern Mexico. Only 4 words are known. Four words are known of Amotomanco
Amotomanco_language
Grammar of the Hittite language
Hittite language has a highly conservative verbal system and rich nominal declension. The language is attested in cuneiform, and is the earliest attested Indo-European
Hittite_grammar
Prestige language of the Yi people
Sichuan Yi, is the prestige language of the Yi people; it has been chosen by the Chinese government as the standard Yi language (Chinese: 彝语) and as such
Nuosu_language
Ancient language of the Central Alps
in Val Camonica, a valley in the Central Alps. The language is sparsely attested to an extent that makes any classification attempt uncertain—even the discussion
Camunic_language
Arawakan language of Colombia
Amarizana (Amarizama) is an extinct, poorly attested, and unclassified Arawakan language. It is attested in a wordlist from 1824. Kaufman (1994) placed
Amarizana_language
Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family
Palaungic language by Paul Sidwell. Jerold A. Edmondson considers it to be most closely related to Kháng. Also, Quang Lam is a poorly attested language in Vietnam
Khmuic_languages
Language family of northern Japan and neighboring islands
historically attested extent of the family was due to a relatively recent expansion northward. No genealogical relationship between Ainu and any other language family
Ainu_languages
Progenitor of Old Norse
the earliest stage of a characteristically North Germanic language, and the language attested in the oldest Scandinavian Elder Futhark inscriptions, spoken
Proto-Norse_language
Literary form of written Chinese
The attested language of the period was probably not very different from cultured speech. The gap between the written and the spoken language began
Classical_Chinese
Reclassifying a language variety as a distinct language
This attitude was first analyzed in Catalan sociolinguistics but it is attested in other parts of the world. The Arab world is characterized by diglossia:
Language_secessionism
Group of extinct Indo-European languages in the Germanic family
that East Germanic is not a valid genetic clade, as the three most attested languages conventionally identified as East Germanic (Burgundian, Vandalic,
East_Germanic_languages
Extinct ancient Phoenician language
Niph‘al forms are attested in Punic and Neo-Punic (verb: P-‘-L, fel, 'to make'; < Phoenician pa‘ol): The following Pi‘el forms are attested in Punic and Neo-Punic
Punic_language
Bantu language spoken in Tanzania
the language spoken along the shores of Mbamba Bay of Lake Malawi, variously (and ambiguously) known as Mwera or Nyasa. It is a poorly attested Bantu
Mbamba_Bay_language
Extinct Algonquin language of New England
language varieties spoken in colonial New England as attested in the manuscripts of mid-eighteenth century French missionaries. Loup A was attested in
Loup_languages
Rgyalrongic language of China
other being Khroskyabs. To date, the Horpa languages are the closest attested ones to the medieval language Tangut. Horpa is spoken primarily in western
Horpa_language
Earliest attested form of the Korean language
the sparsely attested languages of the Three Kingdoms of Korea as variants of Old Korean, while others reserve the term for the language of Silla alone
Old_Korean
Extinct and revitalized Slavic language
from other Slavic languages, most notably in having a strong German influence. It was close to Pomeranian and Kashubian, and is attested only in a handful
Polabian_language
Old language with established literature or use
of Marathi language, attested in Yadava dynasty, 7th to 12th centuries) Classical Assamese (the earliest form of Assamese language, attested in Kamarupa
Classical_language
Earliest attested Turkic language
Khaganate, and later the Uyghur Khaganate, making it the earliest attested Common Turkic language. In terms of the datability of extant written sources, the
Old_Turkic
Language of Baekje
The language of the kingdom of Baekje (4th–7th centuries), one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, is poorly attested, and scholars differ on whether one
Baekje_language
Language as naturally spoken by humans
worldwide and is one of the two official languages of the Republic of Haiti. As of 1996, there were 350 attested families with one or more native speakers
Natural_language
Extinct unclassified language of the Huns
As no inscriptions or whole sentences in the Hunnic language have been preserved, the attested corpus is very limited, consisting almost entirely of
Hunnic_language
Ancestor of the Celtic languages
reconstructed ancestral proto-language of all known Celtic languages, and a descendant of Proto-Indo-European. It is not attested in writing but has been partly
Proto-Celtic_language
Northwest Semitic language
eds., Language Environment of First Century Judaea, Brill, 2014:66–109. p. 109 "no, Ἑβραιστί does not ever appear to mean Aramaic in attested texts during
Hebrew_language
Direct descendants of Vulgar Latin
Latin is a very well attested ancient language, some amateur linguists have even constructed Romance languages that mirror real languages that developed from
Romance_languages
Pre-Islamic inscriptions
inscriptions were intended for public display. Sabaic is the best attested language in South Arabian inscriptions, named after the Kingdom of Saba, and
Pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions
Pre-Islamic_Arabian_inscriptions
Large language family mostly of Southeast Asia and the Pacific
*Sepat 'four', an analogical pattern historically attested from Pazeh. The fact that the Kradai languages share the numeral system (and other lexical innovations)
Austronesian_languages
Extinct Sino-Tibetan language
In Tangut texts, only few instances of syntactic noun incorporation are attested: the head is final, since it doesn’t move, the directional marker serves
Tangut_language
The indigenous languages of the Americas are the languages that were used by the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, before the arrival of Europeans.
Indigenous languages of the Americas
Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas
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ATTESTED LANGUAGE
ATTESTED LANGUAGE
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