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When perception of one sound is affected by another sound
simultaneous masking, frequency masking or spectral masking. Auditory masking in the time domain is known as temporal masking or non-simultaneous masking. The
Auditory_masking
Band of audio frequencies that produce the effect of auditory masking in the human ear
first tone by auditory masking. Psychophysiologically, beating and auditory roughness sensations can be linked to the inability of the auditory frequency-analysis
Critical_band
Sensory stimuli below an individual's threshold for conscious perception
backward mask usually follows it to prevent the subject from recognizing the stimulus. One method for creating subliminal auditory stimuli is masking, which
Subliminal_stimuli
Addition of sound to reduce distraction
noise") into an environment to mask unwanted sound. It relies on auditory masking. Sound masking is not a form of active noise control (noise cancellation technique);
Sound_masking
Phenomenon of visual perception
forward masking, backward masking, and simultaneous masking. In forward masking, the mask precedes the target. In backward masking the mask follows the
Visual_masking
Digital audio format
takes advantage of a perceptual limitation of human hearing called auditory masking. In 1894, the American physicist Alfred M. Mayer reported that a tone
MP3
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up masking in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Masking can mean: Masking (art), protecting a selected area from change during production, as with
Masking
perception thresholds like hearing threshold, auditory masking thresholds etc. Which characteristics has the auditory event? => Determination of loudness, pitch
Auditory_event
Illusory discontinuity is an auditory illusion in which a continuous ongoing sound becomes inaudible during a brief, non-masking noise. The illusion is perceived
Illusory_discontinuity
Developmental or acquired neurological disorders
ordering, and temporal masking; auditory performance in competing acoustic signals (including dichotic listening); and auditory performance with degraded
Auditory_processing_disorder
Aid used by humans to control speech production and singing
dependence on auditory feedback, auditory masking can be reasoned to increase fluency by decreasing the frequency of a speaker attending auditorily to speech
Auditory_feedback
White noise sound generating device
maskers. In addition to the spectrum of masking sound, the amplitude determines the degree of masking achieved. In some cases, the required masking amplitude
Tinnitus_masker
Audible vibration that travels via pressure waves in matter
or viscous), or the superposition of such propagated oscillation. (b) Auditory sensation evoked by the oscillation described in (a)." This two-part definition
Sound
American scientist
Psychology (AJP) called Jeffress the "acknowledged authority" on auditory masking and masking-level differences. Jeffress also had a long-standing interest
Lloyd_A._Jeffress
Sensory memory register
between presentation of the stimulus and recall) increased. Auditory backward recognition masking is one of the most successful tasks in studying audition
Echoic_memory
Lossy audio coding technique
specific example. When used for audio compression, SBC exploits auditory masking in the auditory system. Human ears are normally sensitive to a wide range of
Sub-band_coding
Medical test
occurred it is best to use masking. This is done by temporarily elevating the threshold of the non-test ear, by presenting a masking noise at a predetermined
Pure-tone_audiometry
Muscle contraction in the middle ear in response to loud sound
hypothesis for the role of the acoustic reflex is the prevention of auditory masking of high-frequencies by low-frequencies, which are predominant in natural
Acoustic_reflex
Extension of the time between speech and auditory perception
stress. It is a type of altered auditory feedback that—along with frequency-altered feedback and white noise masking—is used to treat stuttering; it has
Delayed_auditory_feedback
Algorithm for objectively measuring perceived audio quality
masking, that describes the effect that a sound produces into another simultaneous sound. Masking depends on the spectral composition of both masker and
Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality
Perceptual_Evaluation_of_Audio_Quality
Topics referred to by the same term
leukodystrophy, a rare neurometabolic genetic condition Masking Level Difference, see Auditory masking Mean log deviation in statistics and econometrics Mixed
MLD
Auditory phenomenon in the brain
Obtain Click-evoked ABR responses to clicks and high-pass pink masking noise (ipsilateral masking) Obtain derived-band ABRs (DBR) Shift & align the wave V peaks
Auditory_brainstem_response
Scientific study of sound perception
threshold of hearing Temporal masking (forward masking, backward masking) Simultaneous masking (also known as spectral masking) A compression algorithm can
Psychoacoustics
Involuntary tendency of animals to increase their vocal effort when in loud environments
noise better than they hear a speech which has been recorded in quiet with masking noise applied afterwards. This is because changes between normal and Lombard
Lombard_effect
Safety feature
respective cars, and an algorithm was proposed to estimate them based on auditory masking. Research conducted at the University of California, Riverside in 2008
Electric vehicle warning sounds
Electric_vehicle_warning_sounds
Perceived quality of sound
increases in accordance with Weber's Law. Auditory masking Consonance and dissonance Psychoacoustics (Masking effects) Hollins, M; Bensmaia S.J. (2007)
Roughness_(psychophysics)
Function for correlating hair cells with auditory neurons
on 2007-02-05. Retrieved 2006-05-13. Donald D. Greenwood (1961). "Auditory Masking and the Critical Band". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Greenwood_function
Diagnostic framework in personalized psychiatry
subconstructs have been added to some constructs. For example, Visual Perception, Auditory Perception, and Olfactory/Somatosensory/Multimodal perception as subconstructs
Research_Domain_Criteria
Devices intended to improve the fluency of persons who stutter
Masker (since discontinued) have been developed to deliver masking, and found that masking was effective in reducing stuttering, though many found that
Electronic_fluency_device
False perception of sound
variety of underlying causes and may be generated at any level of the auditory system as well as outside that system. The most common causes are hearing
Tinnitus
Family of proprietary audio codecs owned by Qualcomm
design is based on time domain ADPCM principles without psychoacoustic auditory masking techniques. The algorithm was then commercialized under the name aptX
AptX
Measure of speech transmission quality
redundancy between adjacent octave bands (rev.2), level-dependent auditory masking (rev.3) and various methods for applying the STI to specific populations
Speech_transmission_index
occur in different types of communication. Auditory signal jamming, otherwise labelled as auditory masking, is when a noisy environment created by heterospecific
Reproductive_interference
Form of habituation therapy for tinnitus
is tinnitus masking: the use of noise, music, or other environmental sounds to obscure or mask the tinnitus. Hearing aids can partially mask the condition
Tinnitus_retraining_therapy
Medical treatment
treatment. The following methods are typically used: MAF (masking auditory feedback). It is masking by white noise or sinus noises of the user's own speech
Stuttering_therapy
Excessive displeasing noise
were not affected, their whistles were because of susceptibility to auditory masking. The noise from the OCTA-KONG was found to have been detectable by
Noise_pollution
Phenomenon in cognitive neuroscience
used to collect visual or auditory stimuli that are used to replace lost sight and hearing, respectively. The visual or auditory data collected from the
Sensory_substitution
Sound frequency changes responsible for perceptions of loudness, pitch and timbre
carrier, an effect termed modulation masking. Modulation-masking patterns are tuned (greater masking occurs for masking and target AMs close in modulation
Temporal envelope and fine structure
Temporal_envelope_and_fine_structure
Video encoding standard
The psychoacoustic model is based on the principles of auditory masking, simultaneous masking effects, and the absolute threshold of hearing (ATH). The
MPEG-1
Model of auditory perception
auditory scene analysis (ASA) is a proposed model for the basis of auditory perception. This is understood as the process by which the human auditory
Auditory_scene_analysis
Hearing loss caused by an inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve defect
nerve (the vestibulocochlear nerve) or the auditory tracts of the brainstem. If higher levels of the auditory tract are affected, this is known as central
Sensorineural_hearing_loss
Auditory perception phenomenon
of the improvement is known as the "binaural masking level difference" (BMLD), or simply as the "masking level difference". Binaural unmasking is most
Binaural_unmasking
Psychology experiment
awareness. Attentional blink Auditory masking Pre-attentive processing Unconscious thought theory § Criticism of UTT Visual masking Fehrer, E., & Raab, D. Reaction
Response_priming
Medical diagnostic method
more of the basal areas. Tone burst masking techniques have been developed to overcome this upward spread of masking. Click stimuli have no frequency specificity
Bone conduction auditory brainstem response
Bone_conduction_auditory_brainstem_response
Topics referred to by the same term
consciously giving up on autistic masking The Unmasking, a 1914 film Binaural unmasking, a phenomenon in auditory perception Unmasking by U.S. intelligence
Unmasking
Perceptual phenomenon
presented a picture, followed by a blank, masking screen, followed by the initial picture with a change. The masking screen acts like a saccadic eye movement
Change_blindness
Island in New Zealand
revealed new insights into cumulative noise effects from vessels on auditory masking. "Sea Kayaking Trip to The Ahaaha Rocks on 19th/20th March 2011". Auckland
Ahaaha_Rocks
Discipline related to neuroscience and biomedical engineering
processed signal is then transferred to an implanted unit that stimulates the auditory nerve through a microelectrode array. Through the replacement or augmentation
Neuroprosthetics
Species of baleen whale
often overlap with the acoustics of baleen whales. This can cause auditory masking, which can diminish or block a whale's ability to communicate or detect
Rice's_whale
Common name for an abnormal bone growth within the external ear canal
External auditory canal exostoses (EAE), commonly known as Surfer's ear, is the name for an exostosis or abnormal bone growth within the ear canal. They
Surfer's_ear
Repetitive self-stimulatory behaviour common in neurodevelopmental disorders
suppressing and masking some autistic stimming behaviors that are not harmful or are adaptive. Stimming behaviors can consist of tactile, visual, auditory, vocal
Stimming
Brain capacity to filter out stimuli
the brain focuses a person's attention on a particular stimulus, usually auditory. This focus excludes a range of other stimuli from conscious awareness
Cocktail_party_effect
Chinese computer scientist
Li, Jin (December 2002). "Embedded audio coding (EAC) with implicit auditory masking" (PDF). Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Jin_Li_(computer_scientist)
American scientist
was titled: Effects of click polarity on auditory brainstem responses in man using high-pass noise masking. She completed her thesis under the guidance
Lisa_L._Cunningham
Backward recording technique
backwards masking warning on the cover and a message masked within the song "The Smartest Person I Know": "Anyone who believes in backwards masking is a fool
Backmasking
Reaction to noise
auditory masking and level-dependent frequency weighting to more accurately track human reception. Integration of individual sounds into an auditory or
Sound_annoyance
High rates of congenital deafness in white cats
stem responses could be evoked by auditory stimuli, suggesting that these animals had never experienced any auditory sensations. It was found that some
Congenital sensorineural deafness in cats
Congenital_sensorineural_deafness_in_cats
Distortion in the perception of time
than normal when first looked at. This illusion can also occur in the auditory and tactile domain. For instance, a study suggests that a caller who listens
Chronostasis
Medical condition of the middle ear
causes an unpleasant fullness feeling in the middle ear and alters the auditory perception. Complaints seem to include muffled hearing and autophony. In
Patulous_Eustachian_tube
Minimum sound level that an average human can hear
threshold of hearing (ATH), also known as the absolute hearing threshold or auditory threshold, is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human
Absolute_threshold_of_hearing
Auditory test to assess selective attention
selective attention and the lateralization of brain function within the auditory system. It is used within the fields of cognitive psychology and neuroscience
Dichotic_listening
Evangelical Christian pastor
J. (November 2004). "Some characteristics of auditory spatial attention revealed using rhythmic masking release". Perception & Psychophysics. 66 (8):
Andrew_Sach
Computational auditory scene analysis (CASA) is the study of auditory scene analysis by computational means. In essence, CASA systems are "machine listening"
Computational auditory scene analysis
Computational_auditory_scene_analysis
Measure used in psychoacoustics
approximation is based on the results of a number of published simultaneous masking experiments and is valid from 100–6500Hz. Seven years later, Glasberg &
Equivalent rectangular bandwidth
Equivalent_rectangular_bandwidth
Subjective perception of sound pressure
perception of sound pressure. More formally, it is defined as the "attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be ordered on a scale extending
Loudness
Capacity of an excited neuron to reduce activity of its neighbors
antagonism and occurs primarily in visual processes, but also in tactile, auditory, and even olfactory processing. Cells that utilize lateral inhibition appear
Lateral_inhibition
Neural phenomenon
underlying spatial release from masking (SRM) in challenging listening environments. Burkard, R., Don, M., & Eggermont, J. J. Auditory evoked potentials: Basic
Frequency_following_response
Subconscious accumulation of information from the environment
by backward masking. Springer Science, 33, 113-124. Seri, S., Pisani, F., Thai, J. N., & Cerquiglini, A. (2007). Pre-attentive auditory sensory processing
Pre-attentive_processing
Branch of audiology measuring hearing sensitivity
auditory nerve, and central auditory processing portions of the neocortex. Sound waves enter the outer ear and travel through the external auditory canal
Audiometry
Frequency characteristics of hearing and perceived volume
increased head masking at one ear, and subtle changes in the effect of the pinna, especially at the other ear. This combined effect of head-masking and pinna
Equal-loudness_contour
Conceptual scale
Harvey Fletcher; W. A. Munson (1937). "Relation Between Loudness and Masking". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 9 (1): 1–10. Bibcode:1937ASAJ
Mel_scale
Type of contact microphone
2014. Dewar, Dewar, and Barnes (1976). "Automatic triggering of auditory feedback masking in stammering and cluttering". The British Journal of Disorders
Throat_microphone
Auditory illusion
The illusory continuity of tones is the auditory illusion caused when a tone is interrupted for a short time, during which a narrow band of noise is played
Illusory_continuity_of_tones
Hat and stereotype for conspiracy theorists
extraterrestrial, or paranormal beings that employ ESP or the microwave auditory effect. People in many countries who believe they are "targeted individuals"
Tin_foil_hat
Auditory frequency metric
directly measured in experiments on the threshold for complex sounds, on masking, on the perception of phase, and most often on the loudness of complex
Bark_scale
Type of brain development capacity
congenital blindness or pre-lingual deafness. For example, individuals with auditory deficits may experience strengthened visual processing compared to hearing
Cross_modal_plasticity
Pitch heard due to binaural processing
various configurations of the dichotic pitch were studied and several auditory models were developed. However, no singular model has been developed that
Dichotic_pitch
Component of the auditory system
The olivocochlear system is a component of the auditory system involved with the descending control of the cochlea. Its nerve fibres, the olivocochlear
Olivocochlear_system
Auditory scientist
Monita Chatterjee is an auditory scientist and Professor in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at Northwestern University in Evanston
Monita_Chatterjee
Lossy audio compression format
perceived by the human auditory system. This is called frequency masking. Perceptual audio codecs take advantage of this frequency masking by ignoring information
MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II
Component of the visual memory system
once again improved. This phenomenon was an example of metacontrast masking. Masking was also observed when images such as random lines were presented immediately
Iconic_memory
Study of processing speed on cognitive tasks
"Intelligence and information processing during an auditory discrimination task with backward masking: An event-related potential analysis". Journal of
Mental_chronometry
American psychologist
output through external auditory feedback and, like humans, also demonstrated the Lombard effect. He also recorded the auditory brainstem response (ABR)
Robert_Dooling
Injury due to pressure difference between gas filled space and adjoining tissue
ear. External ear barotrauma may occur if air is trapped in the external auditory canal. Diagnosis of middle and external ear barotrauma is relatively simple
Barotrauma
Amber red
widely used to assess individuals for binaural integration, a type of auditory processing skill. During the tests, individuals are asked to identify different
Amblyaudia
American reality competition show
including the Mackenzie tartan, to provide the show's distinct, tense auditory backdrop.[citation needed] The American show is a sister show to the British
The Traitors (American TV series)
The_Traitors_(American_TV_series)
American psychologist and computer scientist (1915-1990)
Allerhand (1992). "Auditory Models as Preprocessors for Speech Recognition". In Marten Egbertus Hendrik Schouten (ed.). The Auditory Processing of Speech:
J._C._R._Licklider
Consensual sexual binding or restraining
escape from. The cold sensation and clanking sound of chains provides auditory and tactile sensory stimulation and can be used to enhance the atmosphere
Bondage_(BDSM)
Template for neurodiversity studies
studies and multiple systematic reviews have indicated that higher levels of masking, passing as neurotypical, or camouflaging are generally associated with
Neurodiversity
Simultaneous perception of both a speech and nonspeech sound
third formant without a transition. Normally, there would be peripheral masking in such a binaural listening task but this does not occur. Instead, the
Duplex_perception
2011 American psychological thriller film
construction worker Curtis LaForche has apocalyptic dreams and visual and auditory hallucinations of rain "like fresh motor oil," swarms of menacing black
Take_Shelter
Moore FMedSci, FRS (born 10 February 1946) is an Emeritus Professor of Auditory Perception in the University of Cambridge and an Emeritus Fellow of Wolfson
Brian_Moore_(scientist)
Excessive information sharing
of safety, and resisting ostracization": Understanding Neurodivergent Masking with Online Communities". CHI '25: Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference
Infodumping
Medical condition
practitioner must lengthen and elevate the patient's neck until the external auditory meatus is in the same plane as the sternum. The face should be facing the
Respiratory_arrest
occurs when missing phonemes in an auditory signal are replaced with a noise that would have the physical properties to mask those phonemes, creating an ambiguity
Phonemic_restoration_effect
1980 single by Queen
Dust" helped improve the accuracy of compression rates. When used as an auditory aid, the song resulted in a significantly higher number of participants
Another_One_Bites_the_Dust
Subtype of delusion
athletes or great inventors. Expansive delusions may be maintained by auditory hallucinations, which advise the patient that they are significant, or
Delusions_of_grandeur
Professor in the School of Psychology at the University of Plymouth
2017. A formal approach to discovering simultaneous additive masking between auditory medical alarms. Applied ergonomics, 58, pp. 500–514. Sousa, B.
Judy_Edworthy
Research into a reading disorder
contributing factor to the reported "masking" of words reported among dyslexic individuals. Researchers posit that such a "masking" effect is due to the abnormal
Research_in_dyslexia
German-Australian physicist
in Perth, Western Australia. Erbe is known for her research on acoustic masking in marine mammals, investigating how man-made underwater noise interferes
Christine_Erbe
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