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A bubble oxygenator is an early implementation of the oxygenator used for cardiopulmonary bypass. It has since been supplanted by the membrane oxygenator
Bubble_oxygenator
Device that replaces a lung
approved for long term use. Bubble oxygenator Extracorporeal circulation E. Converse Peirce, made refinements to membrane oxygenator Experiments in the Revival
Membrane_oxygenator
American surgeon (1926–2016)
surgeon who in 1955 created the first workable, portable bubble oxygenator that removed bubbles, thus avoiding gas embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass
Richard_DeWall
Technique of providing both cardiac and respiratory support
membrane oxygenator, also known as an artificial lung. ECMO works by temporarily drawing blood from the body to allow artificial oxygenation of the red
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Extracorporeal_membrane_oxygenation
American mechanical engineer and inventor
time taking autopsy photos; uniform University of Washington lucite bubble oxygenator for use during open-heart surgery; hydraulic gastrointestinal biopsy
Wayne_Quinton
Technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a simplified version of the heart-lung machine that includes a centrifugal pump and an oxygenator to temporarily
Cardiopulmonary_bypass
Electrode measuring the oxygen partial pressure in a solution
Research Institute, Yellow Springs, Ohio) had developed the first bubble oxygenator for use in cardiac surgery. However, when he came to publish his results
Clark_electrode
American surgeon and historian
introduced the bubble-oxygenator style heart-lung machine, and Frederick S. Cross who refined and popularized the rotating disk oxygenator. Two of Wangensteen's
Owen_Harding_Wangensteen
Surgical technique using deep hypothermia
hypothermia and an oxygenator of his own invention, and presented his work in 1955. Gollan made an important step in that his bubble oxygenator included a heat
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
Deep_hypothermic_circulatory_arrest
Prosthetic device
membrane oxygenator. ECMO differs from true artificial lungs because blood flow to the heart is not continued during their use. The oxygenator will execute
Artificial_lung
Public university in Minnesota, U.S.
cross-circulation. 1955 saw Richard DeWall and Lillehei develop the bubble oxygenator, setting the stage for modern heart-lung machines. This was followed
University_of_Minnesota
left-to-right shunt. It was Lillehei who one year later introduced the bubble oxygenator, simple and inexpensive, opening the doors of open heart surgery to
Minimized extracorporeal circulation
Minimized_extracorporeal_circulation
Month of 1926
A. DeWall, American cardiothoracic surgeon who created the first bubble oxygenator to prevent gas embolism during bypass surgery; in Appleton, Minnesota
December_1926
Medical device
performed with either a membrane oxygenator (a technology used in extracorporeal oxygenators) or a bubble oxygenator. The liquid ventilator heats the
Liquid_ventilator
Adding air to water
species it supports. Two dedicated McTay Marine vessels, oxygenation barges Thames Bubbler and Thames Vitality are used to replenish oxygen levels, as
Water_aeration
Noninvasive form of ventilation for newborns
Bubble CPAP is a non-invasive ventilation strategy for newborns with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). It is one of the methods by which continuous
Bubble_CPAP
Nest built by some fish and frog species to protect their eggs
Bubble nests, also called foam nests, are created by some fish and frog species as floating masses of bubbles blown with an oral secretion, saliva bubbles
Bubble_nest
Vascular blockage by air bubbles
known as a gas embolism, is a blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air or other gas in the circulatory system. Air can be introduced into
Air_embolism
Aquarium furniture
An airstone, also called an aquarium bubbler, is a piece of aquarium furniture, traditionally a piece of limewood or porous stone, whose purpose is to
Airstone
Physiological basis for decompression theory and practice
and concentration gradients, diffusion, bulk transport by perfusion, and bubble mechanics in living tissues. Gas is inhaled at ambient pressure, and some
Physiology_of_decompression
Water-powered air compressor
sucked in thus creating a constant air supply. The air forms bubbles in the pipe. As the bubbles go down the pipe they are pressurized proportionally to the
Trompe
Commodity price increases following the COVID-19 pandemic
in 2022.[citation needed] RBOB stands for Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending and is refined from crude oil and blended with 10% ethanol fuel
2020s_commodities_boom
Theoretical modelling of decompression physiology
no tissue will be damaged (lung tissues are adequately oxygenated by diffusion). The bubbles which are small enough to pass through the lung capillaries
Decompression_theory
Disorder caused by dissolved gases forming bubbles in tissues
medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the body tissues during decompression. DCS most commonly occurs
Decompression_sickness
Hydroponic method of plant production
pushed through, creates bubbles. As the bubbles float to the surface, diffusion occurs, and the surrounding water is oxygenated. Respective of the porosity
Deep_water_culture
Part of the vertebrate circulatory system
out from the right ventricle to the lungs. In the lungs the blood is oxygenated and returned to the left atrium to complete the circuit. The other division
Pulmonary_circulation
Human disease affecting newborns
approximately 2/3 of the inward elastic recoil forces. In the same way that a bubble will contract to give the smallest surface area for a given volume, so the
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
Infant_respiratory_distress_syndrome
the treatment. Tara is apparently cured and is able to emerge from her bubble and enjoy fresh air for the first time. 44 8 "Moonshot" X. Dean Lim David
List of The Good Doctor episodes
List_of_The_Good_Doctor_episodes
Formation of vapour bubbles in bodily fluids due to reduced environmental pressure
Death results unless recompression is rapid enough to restore oxygenation and reduce the bubbles before excessive tissue damage occurs. Head exposure may result
Ebullism
Respiration of oxygen-rich liquid by a normally air-breathing organism
disadvantage compared to gas ventilation—the system must incorporate a membrane oxygenator, heater, and pumps to deliver to, and remove from the lungs tidal volume
Liquid_breathing
Shock due to heart dysfunction
be caused by a sudden depressurization (e.g. in an aircraft), where air bubbles are released into the bloodstream (Henry's law), causing heart failure
Cardiogenic_shock
Branch of the Chicago River in Chicago, US
community areas of the city. The creek derives its name from the gases bubbling out of the riverbed from the decomposition of blood and entrails dumped
Bubbly_Creek
Medical condition of lack of oxygen in the tissues
caused by inert gas embolism and inflammatory reactions to extravascular bubble growth. It is also effective in carbon monoxide poisoning and diabetic foot
Hypoxia_(medicine)
Medical treatment at raised ambient pressure
or an air embolism by reducing the volume and more rapidly eliminating bubbles that have formed within the body. The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society
Hyperbaric_medicine
Complete separation of the head from the body
to humans and all vertebrate animals, since it deprives the brain of oxygenated blood by way of severing the jugular vein and common carotid artery, while
Decapitation
Perfluorocarbon emulsions are emulsions containing either bubbles or droplets which have perfluorocarbons inside them. Some of them are commonly used
Perfluorocarbon_emulsions
Membrane separating alveolar air from blood in lung capillaries
exists in the gas exchanging region of the lungs. It exists to prevent air bubbles from forming in the blood, and from blood entering the alveoli. It is formed
Blood–air_barrier
1971 Soviet spaceflight, first spaceflight to visit a space station, and fatal disaster
vacuum environment caused the oxygen and nitrogen in their bloodstreams to bubble and rupture vessels. Their blood was also found to contain heavy concentrations
Soyuz_11
corrosion modes are different. FAC does not involve impingement of particles, bubbles, or cavitation which cause the mechanical (often crater-like) wear on the
Flow-accelerated_corrosion
Fish farming method
methods, aeration and oxygenation. In aeration air is pumped through an air stone or similar device that creates small bubbles in the water column, this
Recirculating aquaculture system
Recirculating_aquaculture_system
Basil cultivar
are the primary morphological element of interest, often described as "bubble-like" due to their convex shape. Authorized seeds must belong to certified
Genovese_basil
Severely deficient supply of oxygen
low oxygen atmosphere, or in a vacuum; environments where sufficiently oxygenated air is present, but cannot be adequately breathed because of air contamination
Asphyxia
Order of insects
that it traps is in contact with oxygenated water, so as the animal's consumption depletes the oxygen in the bubble, more oxygen can diffuse in to replenish
Beetle
Partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli
hypoesthesia. Hypoesthesia results because of air bubbles that form in blood, which prevents oxygenation of downstream tissue. In cases of decompression
Hypoesthesia
Fish that can leave water for periods of time
facultative air breathers, requiring access to surface air to breathe in poorly oxygenated water. Various other "lunged" fish: now extinct, a few of this group were
Amphibious_fish
Species of fish
a good supply of oxygen (some air bubblers do fine), a reasonable current (which is often provided by the bubblers if they are good strong ones), and
Phoxinus_phoxinus
Hypothetical devices to extract oxygen from water
gills. One proposed method is the use of liquid breathing with a membrane oxygenator to solve the problem of carbon dioxide retention, the major limiting factor
Artificial_gills_(human)
Incision in the neck to make an airway
"cannot intubate, cannot ventilate" (CICV) or "cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate" (CICO), are commonly seen as a result of airway obstruction, angioedema
Cricothyrotomy
Marine lake in Palau
the nearby lagoons. Jellyfish Lake is stratified into two layers, an oxygenated upper layer (mixolimnion) and a lower anoxic layer (monimolimnion). The
Jellyfish_Lake
Injury caused by a bullet
pulses, uncontrolled bleeding, expanding hematoma, bruits/thrill, air bubbling from wound or extensive subcutaneous air, stridor/hoarseness, neurological
Gunshot_wound
Predatory cartilaginous fishes
most sharks pump water over their gills to ensure a constant supply of oxygenated water. A small number of species have lost the ability to pump water through
Shark
Ancient atmosphere, particularly of Earth, in the geological past
density. A similar study in 2016 looked at the size distribution of gas bubbles in basaltic lava flows that solidified at sea level also during the Archean
Paleoatmosphere
Organ system for circulating blood in animals
the lungs where it is oxygenated and returned to the left heart. The systemic circulation is a circuit loop that delivers oxygenated blood from the left
Circulatory_system
Human heart defect present at birth
peripheral vein during echocardiography, small air bubbles can be seen on echocardiographic imaging. Bubbles traveling across an ASD may be seen either at
Atrial_septal_defect
Breed of goldfish
action will oxygenate the tank or pond. Contrary to popular belief, air pumps and airstones do not oxygenate directly and rely on bubbles breaking the
Common_goldfish
Man-made chemical-free swimming pool
small air compressor and strong tubes that connect to a diffuser that bubbles air through the water. A brass manifold can be connected to the compressor
Natural_swimming_pool
Medical device using positive pressure to inflate the lungs
of an unconscious person who is not breathing, in order to keep them oxygenated and alive. There are three basic types: a manual version (also known as
Resuscitator
Largest island off the coast of Maine in the US
Pleistocene epoch. The glacier left visible marks upon the landscape, such as Bubble Rock, a glacial erratic carried 19 miles (31 km) by the ice sheet from a
Mount_Desert_Island
American animated television series
a fast food restaurant. He enjoys catching jellyfish and blowing soap bubbles into elaborate shapes, and he hopes to one day obtain a boat-driving license
SpongeBob_SquarePants
Chemical element with atomic number 54 (Xe)
distinguish from bulk signals. In nuclear energy studies, xenon is used in bubble chambers, probes, and in other areas where a high molecular weight and inert
Xenon
Life arising from non-living matter
lightning, atmospheric entries of micro-meteorites, and implosion of bubbles in sea and ocean waves. This has been confirmed by experiments and simulations
Abiogenesis
Method to mechanically assist or replace spontaneous breathing
graphics to provide visual feedback of each breath. Neonatal ventilators (bubble CPAP, HFJV, HFOV[clarification needed])—Designed with the preterm neonate
Mechanical_ventilation
Aquatic plants are used to give the aquarium a natural appearance, oxygenate the water, and provide habitat for fish, especially fry (babies) and for
List of marine aquarium plant species
List_of_marine_aquarium_plant_species
Contagious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2
body, the virus is destroyed by household soap which bursts its protective bubble. Hospital disinfectants, alcohols, heat, povidone-iodine, and ultraviolet-C
COVID-19
Type of sedimentary rock
less than 4, well below common silicate minerals) and because limestone bubbles vigorously when a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid is dropped on it. Dolomite
Limestone
severe combined immunodeficiency, despite the condition's popular nickname ("bubble boy syndrome") and its portrayal in films. A bone marrow transplant in the
List of common misconceptions about science, technology, and mathematics
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_science,_technology,_and_mathematics
form abstract nouns surgery ze- boil Greek ζέω (zéō), to boil, seethe, bubble eczema zo(o)- animal, animal life Greek ζῷον (zôion) zoology zym(o)- fermentation
List of medical roots and affixes
List_of_medical_roots_and_affixes
Chemical element with atomic number 17 (Cl)
However, the kinetics of this reaction are unfavourable, and there is also a bubble overpotential effect to consider, so that electrolysis of aqueous chloride
Chlorine
Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2
Columbia, Alberta, Quebec and Ontario, with the formation of the Atlantic Bubble, a travel-restricted area of the country (formed of the four Atlantic provinces)
COVID-19_pandemic
German brand of laundry detergent
"self-activating powder" detergent. During the washing process, oxygenated perborate forms small bubbles, doing the "work of the washboard"—saving consumers time
Persil
Raising fish commercially in enclosures
as fish need a sufficient oxygen level for growth. This is achieved by bubbling, cascade flow, or aqueous oxygen. Catfish in genus Clarias can breathe
Fish_farming
Order of reptiles
loud splash, after which the head may immerse below the surface and blow bubbles from the throat or nostrils. Some species then roar while others slap water
Crocodylia
Foam used for fire suppression
of adding exotic chemicals to increase the durability of fragile water bubble, they begin with a styrene or similar core and add thin engineered coatings
Firefighting_foam
Family of archaic-looking ray-finned fishes
accessing surface air to breathe when the water they inhabit is poorly oxygenated. Their lungs are highly vascularized to facilitate gas exchange. Deoxygenated
Bichir
Vaporizing laser beam in a vacuum chamber
such as oxygen which is commonly used when depositing oxides to fully oxygenate the deposited films. While the basic setup is simple relative to many
Pulsed_laser_deposition
Unit of time
; et al. (2010). "Large colonial organisms with coordinated growth in oxygenated environments 2.1 Gyr ago" (PDF). Nature. 466 (7302): 100–104. Bibcode:2010Natur
Galactic_year
Injury due to pressure difference between gas filled space and adjoining tissue
reduces bubble size, the reduced blood inert gas concentration may accelerate inert gas solution, and high oxygen partial pressure helps oxygenate tissues
Barotrauma
Intensive care for newborn infants
unit Embrace (organization) Neonatal nurse practitioner Neonatal nursing Bubble CPAP "A Brief History of Advances in Neonatal Care". NEONATAL INTENSIVE
Neonatal_intensive_care_unit
Period of long-term reduction in temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere
from the ice itself and from atmospheric samples provided by included bubbles of air. Because water containing lighter isotopes has a lower heat of evaporation
Ice_age
Electronic ear-based devices
with sound bubbles". Nature Electronics: 1–12. doi:10.1038/s41928-024-01276-z. ISSN 2520-1131. Ma, Dong (2024-11-14). "Creating sound bubbles with intelligent
Hearables
Blood test that measures amounts of dissolved gas
at the actual patient temperature. It is necessary to add CO2 to the oxygenator to accomplish this goal. α-stat (alpha-stat): The pH and other ABG results
Arterial_blood_gas_test
Chemical element with atomic number 8 (O)
frequently used as first aid for any diving injury that may involve inert gas bubble formation in the tissues. There is epidemiological support for its use from
Oxygen
Meromictic lake in the East African Rift valley
gases (primarily carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane) begin to bubble out as the water pressure gets lower. This project is expected to increase
Lake_Kivu
Structure that lowers elevation of water in a controlled fashion
stretch of stream into a series of pools. Surface turbulence, eddies, and bubbles are generated by drop structures that provide hiding and cover for fish
Drop_structure
Records of Earth's development
the conversion of fatty acids into "bubbles", and that the bubbles could encapsulate RNA attached to the clay. Bubbles can then grow by absorbing additional
History_of_Earth
Chemical element with atomic number 77 (Ir)
to produce oxide single-crystals (such as sapphires) for use in computer bubble memory devices and in solid state lasers. The crystals, such as gadolinium
Iridium
Methane formed and found in water
systems through three primary pathways: Ebullition (bubble formation): Aquatic methane forms bubbles in sediments that rise to the surface and release into
Aquatic_methane
Garden with water as a main feature
and waterfalls. The rocks disrupt the waterflow, causing splashing and bubbles that can make pleasant sounds and micro-habitats for plants, fish, and
Water_garden
Internal bruise of the lungs
tissue containing bubbles of gas: the bubbles first implode, then rebound and expand beyond their original volume. The air bubbles cause many tiny explosions
Pulmonary_contusion
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
usually have five, sometimes six or seven pairs; they often have to swim to oxygenate their gills. Bony fish have a single gill opening on each side, hidden
Fish
Response of fish to environmental hypoxia
spatial and temporal differences in the concentration of oxygen (see oxygenation and underwater). Fish respond to hypoxia with varied behavioral, physiological
Hypoxia_in_fish
Class of lobe-finned fishes
Colleen Farmer (1997), "Did lungs and the intracardiac shunt evolve to oxygenate the heart in vertebrates" (PDF), Paleobiology, 23 (3): 358–372, doi:10
Lungfish
Species of true bug
will decrease and nitrogen partial pressure will increase, causing the air bubble to decrease in size.[clarification needed] Notonecta glauca is used as a
Notonecta_glauca
patented by Marvin Minsky in 1957. 1957 Air-bubble packing Better known by the brand name of Bubble Wrap, air-bubble packing is a pliable transparent plastic
Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991)
Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(1946–1991)
Diversification of animal burrowing
sulphidic substrate Animals moving on / in surface of sea-floor Loose, oxygenated upper substrate with burrowing animals The "Cambrian substrate revolution"
Cambrian_substrate_revolution
Gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy
Farmer, Colleen (1997). "Did lungs and the intracardiac shunt evolve to oxygenate the heart in vertebrates" (PDF). Paleobiology. 23 (3): 358–372. Bibcode:1997Pbio
Swim_bladder
Division or infraclass of fishes
the male fish guarding a nest and fanning the eggs to keep them well-oxygenated. Teleosts are economically important to humans, as is shown by their depiction
Teleost
Upper airway closure disrupting sleep
and lower teeth, creating a seal with the lips. They have a "bulb" or "bubble" which sticks out of the front of the mouth. This creates negative suction
Obstructive_sleep_apnea
Species of fish
mouthbrooding exist as opposed to other forms of parental care, such as bubble nesting. Mouthbrooders are able to freely move with the eggs in their mouths
Hardhead_catfish
Human body core temperature below 35 °C (95 °F)
should be moved gently. In severe hypothermia, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or cardiopulmonary bypass may be useful. In those without a pulse
Hypothermia
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BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
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BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
BUBBLE OXYGENATOR
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