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Marker on immune cells
molecular biology, CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) is a glycoprotein that serves as a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor (TCR). CD4 is found on the surface
CD4
Type of immune cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune
T_helper_cell
Ratio of cells in immunology
The CD4+/CD8+ ratio is the ratio of T helper cells or regulatory T cells (Tregs) (with the surface marker CD4) to cytotoxic T cells (with the surface
CD4+/CD8+_ratio
Human retrovirus, cause of AIDS
helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4+ T cells through a number of mechanisms
HIV
Type of white blood cell
tumor antigen-specific T cells) and CD4+ "helper" T cells, each respectively named for the presence of proteins CD8 or CD4 on the cell surface. CD8+ T cells
T_cell
Spectrum of conditions caused by HIV infection
Stage 1: CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/μL and no AIDS-defining conditions Stage 2: CD4 count 200 to 500 cells/μL and no AIDS-defining conditions Stage 3: CD4 count
HIV/AIDS
Medical condition
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare medical syndrome in which the body has too few CD4+ T lymphocytes, which are a kind of white blood cell
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia
Idiopathic_CD4+_lymphocytopenia
CD4 immunoadhesin is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of a combination of CD4 and the fragment crystallizable region, similarly known as immunoglobulin
CD4_immunoadhesin
Motor vehicle platform
The Ford CD4 platform is a Ford global midsize/fullsize automobile platform. The transverse engine platform is designed for either front or all-wheel
Ford_CD4_platform
Type of vaccine used to treat existing cancer
Cancer vaccine targeting CD4+ T cells is a type of vaccine used to treat existing cancer. Cancerous cells usually cannot be recognized by the human immune
Cancer vaccine targeting CD4+ T cells
Cancer_vaccine_targeting_CD4+_T_cells
White blood cells of the immune system
biomarkers CD4, FOXP3, and CD25 and are thought to be derived from the same lineage as naïve CD4+ cells. Because effector T cells also express CD4 and CD25
Regulatory_T_cell
Disease pathology and physiology
influenza-like illness, and then a latent, asymptomatic phase. When the CD4 lymphocyte count falls below 200 cells/ml of blood, the HIV host has progressed
Pathophysiology_of_HIV/AIDS
Subset of T lymphocytes
subset, similar populations appear to exist for both the helper T cells (CD4-positive) and the cytotoxic T cells. Primary function of memory cells is
Memory_T_cell
Understanding of the antitumor immunity role of CD4+ T cells has grown substantially since the late 1990s. CD4+ T cells (mature T-helper cells) play an important
CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity
CD4+_T_cells_and_antitumor_immunity
T cell that kills infected, damaged or cancerous cells
functionally stable TCRs express both the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors and are therefore termed "double-positive" (DP) T cells (CD4+CD8+). The double-positive T cells
Cytotoxic_T_cell
that patients who began ART at lower CD4 counts continued to have lower CD4 counts than those who started at higher CD4 counts. When viral suppression on
Management_of_HIV/AIDS
Human monoclonal antibody
Assaf C (December 2008). "Zanolimumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting CD4 in the treatment of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome". Expert Opinion
Zanolimumab
Premature form of T cells present in the thymus
stage (positive for both CD4 and CD8). The final stage in maturation is the single positive stage (positive for either CD4 or CD8). In humans, circulating
Thymocyte
Antiviral drug
process.[citation needed] CD4, a protein receptor found on the surface of helper T cells in the human immune system, also called CD4+ T cells gp120, a protein
Entry_inhibitor
Type of allergic reaction
that secrete IL-12, which stimulates the proliferation of further CD4+ Th1 cells. CD4+ T cells secrete IL-2 and interferon gamma (IFNγ), inducing the further
Type_IV_hypersensitivity
Medical diagnostic method
ratio, T4:T8 ratio, CD4:CD8 ratio) is a basic laboratory test in which the percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes in the blood positive for CD4 (T helper cells)
Helper/suppressor_ratio
04b 2011 Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 VRC-CH30–34 2011 Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 3BNC117, 3BNC60 2011 Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 NIH45–46 2011 Mimics CD4 via CDRH2 12A12
Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies
Broadly_neutralizing_HIV-1_antibodies
weeks to twenty years or more. The final stage, AIDS, is defined by low CD4+ T cell counts (fewer than 200 per μL), various opportunistic infections
Signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS
Signs_and_symptoms_of_HIV/AIDS
Misinformation about the HIV/AIDS and its spread
left untreated, HIV usually progresses to AIDS, defined as possessing a CD4+ lymphocyte count under 200 cells/μL or HIV infection plus co-infection with
Misconceptions_about_HIV/AIDS
Group of cytokines
diseases or immune deficiency. The majority of interleukins are synthesized by CD4 helper T-lymphocytes, as well as through monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial
Interleukin
Cell that displays antigen bound by MHC proteins on its surface
Such cells express MHC class I and MHC class II molecules and can stimulate CD4+ helper T cells as well as cytotoxic T cells. APCs can also present foreign
Antigen-presenting_cell
Immune disorder
frequencies of CD4+, a T-cell marker, and decreased circulation of regulatory T cells and iNKT cells. Notably, approximately 10% of people display CD4+ T cell
Common variable immunodeficiency
Common_variable_immunodeficiency
Medical terminology
number of CD4 helper T cells in the blood begins to drop. At this point, seroconversion, the development of antibodies, occurs and the CD4 T cell counts
HIV_set_point
Medical condition
display a mature T-cell immunophenotype, with the majority of cases showing a CD4-/CD8+ T-cell subset immunophenotype versus other permutations of those markers
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Large_granular_lymphocytic_leukemia
Monoclonal antibody
Trogarzo, is a non-immunosuppressive humanised monoclonal antibody that binds CD4, the primary receptor for HIV, and inhibits HIV from entering cells. It is
Ibalizumab
Found in the epithelial layer of mucosal linings
epithelium, these cells can start express also CD8αα. TCRαβ+CD4+ IELs arise from conventional peripheral CD4+ T-cells. These cells migrate into the intestinal epithelium
Intraepithelial_lymphocyte
Stage of HIV infection
enter a latent stage of infection where it exists as a dormant provirus in CD4+ T-cells. Most latently infected cells are resting memory T cells, however
HIV_latency
Subsystem of the immune system
Like cytotoxic T cells, most of the CD4+ helper cells die on resolution of infection, with a few remaining as CD4+ memory cells. Increasingly, there is
Adaptive_immune_system
Classification in immunology
macrophages express low levels of CD4; dendritic cells express high levels of CD8). Human immunodeficiency virus binds CD4 and a chemokine receptor on the
Cluster_of_differentiation
26, 2007 Mount Lemmon Mount Lemmon Survey · 1.1 km MPC · JPL 567129 2021 CD4 — February 7, 2021 Mount Lemmon Mount Lemmon Survey Tj (2.8) · centaur 10
List of minor planets: 567001–568000
List_of_minor_planets:_567001–568000
Cell type in which HIV infects and replicates
assay. HIV can infect a variety of cells such as CD4+ helper T-cells and macrophages that express the CD4 molecule on their surface. HIV-1 entry to macrophages
HIV_tropism
Aspect of T-cell interactions
germline-encoded interactions between TCR and MHC and co-receptor interactions with CD4 or CD8 to signal T cell maturation occur during selection. The TCRs of T
MHC_restriction
Subtype of white blood cell
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and destroys T cells (specifically, the CD4+ subgroup of T lymphocytes, which become helper T cells). Without the key
Lymphocyte
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
developed as a cancer drug in its own right. LAG-3 is closely related to CD4, with which it shares the ability to bind MHC class II molecules. Although
Lymphocyte-activation_gene_3
Type of cells of the immunological system
destruction. T cells: CD4+ T helper cells: T cells displaying co-receptor CD4 are known as CD4+ T cells. These cells have T-cell receptors and CD4 molecules that
White_blood_cell
Cell surface proteins, part of the adaptive immune system
needed] On surfaces of helper T cells are CD4 receptors, as well as TCRs. When a naive helper T cell's CD4 molecule docks to an APC's MHC class II molecule
Major histocompatibility complex
Major_histocompatibility_complex
Cellular process
degrade CD4. CD4 is normally a stable protein and is not likely to be a target for ERAD. However, HIV produces the membrane protein Vpu that binds to CD4. The
Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation
Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated_protein_degradation
Surface protein important to the immune system
during ADCC. CD4+ T cells (mature Th cells) provide help to B cells that produce antibodies. Several subsets of activated effector CD4+ T cells are observed
Fc_receptor
Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system
AIDS-like disease with many parallels to human HIV infection. Delineating how CD4 T cells are depleted and how chronic inflammation and immune activation are
Inflammation
Regular measurement of the viral load of HIV-positive people
a viral load test help determine when a CD4 count is indicated. CD4 cells are the primary target of HIV. A CD4 test quantifies Helper T cells and is often
Viral_load_monitoring_for_HIV
2025 box set by Nick Drake
The Making of Five Leaves Left is a music boxed set, released on 25 July 2025 via Island Records, which features studio outtakes and alternative versions
The Making of Five Leaves Left
The_Making_of_Five_Leaves_Left
Sidney Truelove Professor of Gastroenterology
studying the interactions of different subsets of CD4+ T cells in rats. This work identified that CD4+OX22hi (OX22 is CD45RC in rats and the equivalent
Fiona_Powrie
Glycoprotein exposed on the surface of the HIV virus
Proteoglycan and a specific interaction with the CD4 receptor, particularly on helper T-cells. Binding to CD4 induces the start of a cascade of conformational
Envelope_glycoprotein_GP120
Type of immune cell
Bregs are also capable of conversion of naïve CD4+ T cells into Tregs and IL-10-secreting type 1 regulatory CD4+ T cells. This has been observed in various
Regulatory_B_cell
Eye disease in HIV/AIDS
that attacks the immune system of the human body. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 T cells, the central mediators of immune response in humans, leading to a
HIV_retinopathy
Mammalian protein found in humans
signals. In turn, clonal expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and/or CD4+ helper cells is propagated. The binding of PD-L1 to the inhibitory checkpoint
PD-L1
Motor vehicle platform
developed by Ford and in use since 2018, replacing the company's C1 and CD4 platforms as the basis for its compact cars (C-segment) and mid-size cars
Ford_C2_platform
Medical diagnostic method
to helper T-cells have also been developed. Helper T-cells or CD4+ T-cells express CD4 co-receptors. They bind to class II MHC molecules, which are only
Tetramer_assay
cD; S0− ~30 B-mag arcsec−2 ESO 409-25 (ESO 409-G 025) 1,454,000 901,700 cD4; E4; BrClG 90% total B-light NED ESO 256-11 1,424,000 594,100 SA0^0(s)? 90%
List_of_largest_galaxies
Japanese immunologist (born 1951)
expressing CD4 and CD25 that modulate the immune system and help maintain immune tolerance. They injected BALB/c athymic mice with a suspension of CD4+ cells
Shimon_Sakaguchi
Accessory cell of the mammalian immune system
cells requires the interaction of dendritic cells with CD4+ helper T cells. This help from CD4+ T cells additionally activates the matured dendritic cells
Dendritic_cell
1991 box set by John Coltrane
The Prestige Recordings is a box set by jazz musician John Coltrane. In review for AllMusic Lindsay Planer wrote: "The 16 CDs in this compendium represent
The_Prestige_Recordings
Protein family
the CD4 viral receptor and therefore participates in the general downregulation of CD4 expression during the course of HIV infection. Vpu-mediated CD4 degradation
Vpu_protein
Sub-population of CD4+T cells
cell biology, TH9 cells (T helper type 9 cells, CD4+IL-9+IL-13−IFNγ − ) are a sub-population of CD4+T cells that produce interleukin-9 (IL-9). They play
Th_9_cell
more likely to be infected with tuberculosis, especially if one's CD4 T-cells are low. CD4 T-cells below 200 (usually due to untreated HIV) increases one's
Tuberculosis in relation to HIV
Tuberculosis_in_relation_to_HIV
Medical classification for HIV/AIDS
3. Stages 1 to 3 are based primarily on the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, which takes precedence over the CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage; the percentage is used
CDC classification system for HIV infection
CDC_classification_system_for_HIV_infection
Mid-size luxury crossover SUV
"sailor", as in nautical or astronaut. The first generation is based on the CD4 platform and was manufactured at Oakville Assembly in Oakville, Ontario,
Lincoln_Nautilus
qualified SDE result of the caucuses held only in CD4 on February 3, but the exact name of the CD4 elected national convention delegate will only be selected
2020 Iowa Democratic presidential caucuses
2020_Iowa_Democratic_presidential_caucuses
interleukin-10 (IL-10). Th3 have been described both in mice and human as CD4+FOXP3− regulatory T cells. Th3 cells were first described in research focusing
T_helper_3_cell
Motor vehicle platform
Lincoln replaced the MKS with the revived Lincoln Continental, based on the CD4 architecture. 2005 Mercury Meta One diesel-electric hybrid crossover SUV
Ford_D3_platform
Type of white blood cell
throughout the body. HIV can enter the macrophage through binding of gp120 to CD4 and second membrane receptor, CCR5 (a chemokine receptor). Both circulating
Macrophage
Immune response to nonself antigens from members of the same species
microenvironment where CD4+ T-lymphocytes recognize alloantigens significantly influences polarization of the immune response. CD4+ T-lymphocytes differentiate
Alloimmunity
2010 live album by Various artists
The Amazing Zig Zag Concert was a rock concert held at The Roundhouse on 28 April 1974 to celebrate the fifth anniversary of Zig Zag Magazine. Described
The_Amazing_ZigZag_Concert
74 Y CEN Y CEN Y R 20.9 0.4 35.9 12.2 29.6 3.2 — MPC · JPL (567129) 2021 CD4 7 Feb 2021 MLS 12 Y CEN Y CEN Y R 11.4 0.5 19.9 5.3 17.6 2.8 SSBN07: not
List of centaurs (small Solar System bodies)
List_of_centaurs_(small_Solar_System_bodies)
Motor vehicle platform
migrated to the Ford CD4 platform, a new common global platform. Its European counterpart, the Mondeo, made the transition to CD4 when the fifth generation
Ford_EUCD_platform
Lab mouse strain lacking immunity and fur
requires CD4+ helper T cells cell-mediated immune responses, which require CD4+ and/or CD8+ T cells delayed-type hypersensitivity responses (require CD4+ T
Nude_mouse
Mid-size crossover SUV
2015, based upon the CD3 platform. The second generation is based on the CD4 platform. Both generations of the MKX were manufactured at Oakville Assembly
Lincoln_MKX
Immune response that does not involve antibodies
which the protective function of immunization was associated with cells. CD4 cells or T helper cells (also known as helper T cells) provide protection
Cell-mediated_immunity
relatively low number of CD4 receptors. A recent study proposes that the primary “killing units” of CD4 T cells leading to CD4 T-cell depletion and progression
Viral_synapse
Human disease caused by protist parasites
for endogenous IL-10 secretion. CD4+ clones could only be isolated from VL PBMC after CD8+ T cell depletion. The CD4+ clones had little effect on IL-10
Visceral_leishmaniasis
Protein complex on the surface of T cells that recognizes antigens
plasma membrane by associating with the co-receptor CD4 or CD8, depending on the T-cell subtype. CD4 is expressed on helper T cells and regulatory T cells
T-cell_receptor
2015 live album by Brad Mehldau
Greenwood / Selway / O'Brien 7:22 17 Nov 2004 CD4–1 "La Mémoire et la Mer" Léo Ferré 10:37 10 Sep 2011 CD4–2 "Bitter Sweet Symphony / Waterloo Sunset" Richard
10_Years_Solo_Live
Infection that develops from a pre-existing condition
virus that targets the CD4 cells (a type of white blood cell) within the body's immune system and causes HIV disease or HIV/AIDS. CD4 counts within a non-affected
Opportunistic_infection
Chemical compound
called tetradeuteriomethane, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CD4 or C2H4, where D and 2H stand for deuterium. It is a colorless gas. It is
Tetradeuteromethane
Chemical compound
have telomerase activation activity. A preliminary in vitro study on human CD4 and CD8 T cells found that cycloastragenol may moderately increase telomerase
Cycloastragenol
Series of automobiles by Ford
Current C2 Historic Fox D186 CDW27 Mazda G CD3 EUCD DEW Ford DE-1 Platform CD4 Full-size cars Historic Full-size Ford 1949 Ford 1952 Ford 1957 Ford 1960
Ford_T_platforms
Greek scientist and physician
Sereti researches immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, and immune-based therapeutic strategies of HIV investigation
Irini_Sereti
Oral sex on the penis by a sexual partner
unprotected sexual contact was oral sex developed systemic HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immune responses, suggesting that oral exposure to HIV may
Fellatio
Protein found in humans
found on the surface of many immune cells (white blood cells), including CD4+, CD8+, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. CD38 also functions in cell
CD38
Group of proteins
neutrophils but not eosinophils. IL-17 function is also essential to a subset of CD4+ T-Cells called T helper 17 (Th17) cells. As a result of these roles, the
Interleukin_17
Gene variant
infect host T-cells in humans. It weakens the immune system by destroying the CD4+ T-helper cells, making the body more susceptible to other infections. CCR5-Δ32
CCR5-Δ32
Endocrine gland
cell receptor is formed, the thymocyte expresses the cell surface proteins CD4 and CD8 simultaneously. The survival and nature of the T cell then depend
Thymus
Receptor on the surface of a eukaryotic cell
from CD4 coreceptor. This model was created to examine role of coreceptor coupling to Lck (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase) as the CD4 and
CD8.4
Vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering
presented on the cell surface by MHC-II molecules to helper T cells expressing CD4. Only APCs such as dendritic cells, B cells or macrophages express MHC-II
Antigen_presentation
Medical condition
risk of MAC is inversely related to the patient's CD4 count and increases significantly when the CD4 count decreases below 50 cells/mm³. Other risk factors
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection
Mycobacterium_avium-intracellulare_infection
2014 box set by Ulver
(CD3, CD4), Håvard "Haavard" Jørgensen (CD3-4), Ulver (CD2) Engineer – Huldra (CD1), Hr. Anders G. Offenberg Jr. (CD4), Hr. Audun Johan Strype (CD4), Hr
Trolsk_Sortmetall_1993–1997
American television network
KHRR-DT4 40.4 Little Rock Arkansas KWMO-LD6 34.6 Bakersfield California KTLD-CD4 8.4 Fresno KNSO-DT5 51.5 Los Angeles KNBC-DT3 4.3 Sacramento KCSO-LD6 33
Oxygen_(TV_network)
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
infects cells of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and CD4+ T helper cells (TH). The latter can be infected by the virus in various
Interleukin_1_beta
Mammalian protein found in humans
Experiments using PD-L1 transfected DCs and PD-1 expressing transgenic (Tg) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells suggest that CD8+ T cells are more susceptible to inhibition
Programmed cell death protein 1
Programmed_cell_death_protein_1
Motor vehicle platform
Manufacturer Mazda Production 2002–2019 Body and chassis Class Mid-size (C/D) platform Chronology Predecessor Ford CD2 platform Successor Ford CD4 platform
Ford_CD3_platform
Immunological test
when HIV is untreated. A person with HIV is diagnosed with AIDS when their CD4+ T cell count falls below 200 cells per μL or they develop an AIDS-defining
Diagnosis_of_HIV/AIDS
Suppressor-inducer T cells were a proposed functional subset of CD4+ T helper cells in models of T-cell-mediated immune suppression developed during the
Suppressor-inducer_T_cell
Car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company since 1993
third-generation model used the EUCD platform, the fourth-generation used the CD4 platform, and the fifth-generation used the C2 platform. Ford announced in
Ford_Mondeo
2008 box set by Mott the Hoople
In Performance 1970–1974 is a four CD box-set of live Mott the Hoople concerts between 1970 and 1974. Playing were the original members of the band and
In_Performance_1970–1974
Swiss immunologist and academic
Michael R Betts; et al. (2002). "HIV preferentially infects HIV-specific CD4+ T cells". Nature. 417 (6884): 95–98. Bibcode:2002Natur.417...95D. doi:10
Annette_Oxenius
travel, tourism, insurance
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CD4
CD4
CD4
CD4
CD4
CD4
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CD4
travel, tourism, insurance