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Recall of fabricated, misinterpreted or distorted memories
Confabulation is a memory error consisting of the production of fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories about oneself or the world. It is generally
Confabulation
Erroneous AI-generated content presented as true
hallucination or artificial hallucination (also called bullshitting, confabulation, delusion, or mirage) is a response generated by AI that contains false
Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
Hallucination_(artificial_intelligence)
Combined presence of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff's syndrome
WKS often show confabulation, spontaneous confabulation being seen more frequently than provoked confabulation. Spontaneous confabulations refer to incorrect
Wernicke–Korsakoff_syndrome
A confabulation, also known as a false, degraded, or corrupted memory, is a stable pattern of activation in an artificial neural network or neural assembly
Confabulation (neural networks)
Confabulation_(neural_networks)
Mental illness caused by a lack of thiamine in the brain
nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation. This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin
Korsakoff_syndrome
Theory of memory recall
is aware of such supplemental processing. This process is known as confabulation. All of the supplemental processes occurring during the course of reconstruction
Reconstructive_memory
American computer scientist (1947–2019)
fundamental mechanism of cognition" dubbed Confabulation Theory, which he believes is a process of confabulation. He posits that all actions and thoughts
Robert_Hecht-Nielsen
Fixation of holding false beliefs
is distinct from a belief based on false or incomplete information, confabulation, dogma, illusion, hallucination, or some other misleading effects of
Delusion
Part of the brain
frequently are also varied. Confabulation may be the most frequently indicated "less common" effect. In the case of confabulation, someone gives false information
Frontal_lobe
American philosopher
basis of confabulation, and argues that prefrontal executive processes fail to correct false memories or perceptions, resulting in a confabulation. Thus
William_Hirstein
Cognitive neuropsychologist
recollective confabulation, which was originally described as 'déjà vécu' (a term originally used by Arthur Funkhouser). Recollective confabulation is a rare
Chris_Moulin
Rare symptom of brain damage where those affected deny being blind
with Anton syndrome dismiss evidence of their condition and employ confabulation to fill in the missing sensory input. The condition is named after the
Anton_syndrome
2000 film by Christopher Nolan
psychological analysis of the film, specifically the act of confabulation. Leonard's use of confabulation poses the dilemma, as explained by SUNY Downstate Medical
Memento_(film)
Generative AI chatbot by OpenAI
meaning in psychology, and the phenomenon in chatbots is more similar to confabulation. Journalists and scholars have commented on ChatGPT's tendency to output
ChatGPT
Memory implantation technique
experiment is a memory implantation technique used to demonstrate that confabulations about events that never took place – such as having been lost in a shopping
Lost_in_the_mall_technique
Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939)
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Sigmund_Freud
Topics referred to by the same term
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Paramnesia is memory-based delusion or confabulation, or an inability to distinguish between real and fantasy memories. It
Paramnesia
Psychological condition
typically in cases of amnesia and frontal lobe disorders. In "spontaneous" confabulations, there is a persistent, unprovoked outpouring of false memories in which
Memory_distrust_syndrome
Condition usually resulting from brain damage
life experiences and intellect. Individuals with DES may experience confabulation, which is the spontaneous reporting of events that never happened. This
Dysexecutive_syndrome
Pseudoscientific claim that past lives can be remembered
recovered memories of past lives as fantasies or delusions or a type of confabulation. Past-life regression is typically undertaken either in pursuit of a
Past_life_regression
Subset of artificial intelligence
hallucination or artificial hallucination (also called bullshitting, confabulation, delusion, or mirage) is a response generated by AI that contains false
Machine_learning
Awareness of facts, or competency
feelings and attaining self-knowledge is one step in psychoanalysis. Confabulation is a special type of memory error that consists remembering events that
Knowledge
Unawareness of one's own illness, symptoms or impairments
Anosodiaphoria Anton–Babinski syndrome Body schema Body transfer illusion Confabulation Cotard delusion Unilateral neglect (also known as hemispatial neglect)
Anosognosia
Visual response in some blind people
syndrome, in which there is full cortical blindness along with the confabulation of visual experience. Much of our current understanding of blindsight
Blindsight
2007 non-fiction book by Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson
syndrome Statements by Al Campanis and Mel Gibson justifying racism Confabulation of autobiographical memory False certainty in pseudoscience Self-justification
Mistakes Were Made (but Not by Me)
Mistakes_Were_Made_(but_Not_by_Me)
Software tools for medical audio transcription
can make them more reliable at extracting semantic information, but confabulations or hallucinations (convincing but wrong output) are an intrinsic part
AI_scribe
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Memory
Aspect of learning procedure
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Classical_conditioning
mydriasis/miosis (H570) nystagmus Psychiatric amusia anhedonia anxiety apathy confabulation depression delusion euphoria homicidal ideation irritability mania (F30)
List_of_medical_symptoms
Something that communicates meaning
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Sign_(semiotics)
Concept in parapsychology
in an article published in its Proceedings, as the product of mutual confabulation. Foresight (psychology) List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
Retrocognition
Forming something new and somehow valuable
performance Artistic inspiration Brainstorming Computational creativity Confabulation (neural networks) Content creation Creative age Creativity techniques
Creativity
Method of interviewing witnesses to crime
found to elicit memories without generating inaccurate accounts or confabulations. Cognitive interviews are increasingly used in police investigations
Cognitive_interview
Study of symbols and signs in social settings
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Semiotics of social networking
Semiotics_of_social_networking
coenestopathic state has a localized distortion of body awareness. Confabulation is the confusion of imagination with memory, or the confusion of true
Glossary_of_psychiatry
British painter, writer and art critic (1926 - 2017)
series of semi-autobiographical sketches". Among his last works is Confabulations (essays, 2016). In 1999, Berger voiced twin brothers Archie and Albert
John_Berger
Psychology of false perceptions and their impact on human behavior
that a non-conscious lie followed by a process of creating a conscious confabulation would amount to more, not fewer, brain processes than simply making
Self-deception
Linguistic and philosophical term
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Significs
Russian linguist (1896–1982)
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Roman_Jakobson
American memory disorder patient
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Henry_Molaison
Intentionally false statement made to deceive
honest people should not excuse them as containing a "rational kernel." Confabulation is fabricated information given because the speaker misremembers or
Lie
Concept of rebirth in different physical form
existence, the source of the memories is more likely cryptomnesia and confabulations that combine experiences, knowledge, imagination and suggestion or guidance
Reincarnation
Biology interpreted as a sign system
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Biosemiotics
Conformity to reality
from objective reality due to distortions introduced by repression and confabulation. In logic and semantics, truth simpliciter is sometimes distinguished
Truth
Philosophical concept
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Meaning_(semiotics)
Psychological occurrence
starring comedian Sinbad as a genie (which Snopes suggests could be a confabulation of real memories, possibly including Sinbad wearing a genie-like costume
False_memory
Subjective experience of victimization by extraterrestrials
this is disputed by some researchers who consider this definition a confabulation of intent when just apparently being taken around to multiple places
Alien_abduction
Memorization technique based on repetition
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Rote_learning
American comedian and actor (born 1956)
Shaquille O'Neal. The false memories of Shazaam have been explained as a confabulation of memories of the comedian wearing a genie-like costume during a TV
Sinbad_(comedian)
Paranormal sight of the future
Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-025773-0. via Hines (2003). "paramnesia and confabulation", Britannica (retrieved 14 February 2022). Herman N. Sno (1991); "The
Precognition
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Interpretant
Type of character
ISBN 0-87833-808-X. Retrieved January 15, 2020. Gibbons, Dave (March 14, 2023). Confabulation: An Anecdotal Autobiography by Dave Gibbons. Dark Horse Comics. ISBN 978-1-5067-2905-3
Superhero
Memory disorder
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Dissociative_amnesia
French psychoanalyst and social activist (1930–1992)
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Félix_Guattari
Decline of memory retention in time
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Forgetting_curve
Brain structures in the forebrain
forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation. One common cause of basal forebrain damage is an aneurysm of the anterior
Basal_forebrain
Loss of short-term memory
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Anterograde_amnesia
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Semiotics_of_photography
Memory triggered by an environmental cue
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Involuntary_memory
Ability to recall an image from memory after one viewing
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Eidetic_memory
Philosophical essay by Harry Frankfurt
model-based chatbots and is more accurate than terms like "hallucination" or "confabulation". The uncritical use of LLM output is sometimes called botshit. Truthiness
On_Bullshit
Mental processes
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Memory and retention in learning
Memory_and_retention_in_learning
that this story, which is not supported by any recorded facts, was a confabulation based on a meeting with a hostile and menacing group of Democrats that
Ku Klux Klan members in United States politics
Ku_Klux_Klan_members_in_United_States_politics
Psychological phenomenon in which a person re-experiences a memory
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Flashback_(psychology)
Type of complementary and alternative medicine
Autosuggestion – Psychological technique related to the placebo effect Confabulation – Recall of fabricated, misinterpreted or distorted memories Doctor
Hypnotherapy
1959 essay written by Roman Jakobson
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
On Linguistic Aspects of Translation
On_Linguistic_Aspects_of_Translation
British oriental scholar, linguist, and confidence man (1873–1944)
memoirs Décadence Mandchoue, argues that they are also an undoubted confabulation but contain plausible recollections of scenes and details. Backhouse
Sir Edmund Backhouse, 2nd Baronet
Sir_Edmund_Backhouse,_2nd_Baronet
Traumatic memories in the human mind
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Traumatic_memories
The world as it appears through a species's perceptual systems
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Umwelt
Psychological phenomenon
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Mere-exposure_effect
Theory of cognition
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Fuzzy-trace_theory
Cognitive disorder where memory is disturbed or lost
dysfunction. Korsakoff's syndrome is also known to be connected with confabulation. The person's short-term memory may appear to be normal, but the person
Amnesia
Delusional belief that a location has been duplicated or relocated
supported this view, and links have been made to the literature on confabulation, where patients seem to recall false memories without any realisation
Reduplicative_paramnesia
Icelandic psychologist
A Guide to Practice (with Lionel Haward) The relationship between confabulation and intellectual ability, memory, interrogative suggestibility and acquiescence
Gísli_Guðjónsson
1980 book by Anthony Burgess
Retrieved 18 March 2012. Chapter 82: "I shall call it, I think," I said "Confabulations." "That's a wet sort of title." "Well, consider. In psychiatry, according
Earthly_Powers
Term in psychology
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Memory_inhibition
Learning technique that helps in remembering
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Mnemonic
British conductor with severe amnesia
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Clive_Wearing
American cognitive psychologist
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Elizabeth_Loftus
Irish neuroscientist (1970–2025)
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Eleanor_Maguire
Sensory memory register
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Echoic_memory
Learning technique that aids information retention
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Art_of_memory
Swiss linguist and philosopher (1857–1913)
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Ferdinand_de_Saussure
Claim or allegation of wrongdoing that is untrue
intentional lying on the part of the accuser; or unintentionally, due to a confabulation, either arising spontaneously due to mental illness or resulting from
False_accusation
Class of psychoactive drugs
anticholinergics is characterized by stupor, agitation, confusion, confabulation, emotional bluntness, dysphoria, memory deficits, incoherency of thoughts
Deliriant
British-Canadian neuroscientist and neuropsychologist (born 1918)
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Brenda_Milner
Concept in semiotics
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Sign_relation
Concept in semiotics
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Sign_system
Semiotics General concepts Sign relation Code Confabulation Connotation / Denotation Encoding / Decoding Lexical Modality Representation Salience Semiosis
Index_of_semiotics_articles
Postulated continued existence after death
recovered memories of past lives as fantasies or delusions or a type of confabulation, because the use of hypnosis and suggestive questions can tend to leave
Afterlife
Memory bias
psychic ability Bridey Murphy – Purported example of a recalled past life Confabulation – Recall of fabricated, misinterpreted or distorted memories Déjà vu –
Cryptomnesia
2005 compilation album by The Melvins
1:44 "Keep Away From Me" – 1:22 "☘" (Shamrock U+2618)– 1:00 "Bibulous Confabulation During Rehearsal" – 4:58 "✠" (Maltese Cross U+2720) – 1:21 "✏" (Pencil
Mangled_Demos_from_1983
Vulgar term for nonsense
my spot." Buzzword bingo, also known as bullshit bingo Chicken shit Confabulation Fake news Gish gallop Holy cow Humbug Not even wrong Sacred cow Shibai
Bullshit
(2007). "The Gay Lincoln Myth". Lincoln Legends: Myths, Hoaxes, and Confabulations Associated with Our Greatest President. University Press of Kentucky
Sexuality_of_Abraham_Lincoln
Theory that memory may be stored in the unconscious mind
Medical Association, recollections obtained during hypnosis can involve confabulations and pseudomemories and appear to be less reliable than nonhypnotic recall
Repressed_memory
Greek psychologist and academic
College London. Her doctoral research, where she focused on neurological confabulation, was completed at Durham University in 2005. Fotopoulou's research revolves
Aikaterini_Fotopoulou
Types of accurate and detailed recall
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Exceptional_memory
Canadian memory disorder patient (1951–2014)
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Kent_Cochrane
Memory about one's environment and spatial orientation
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
Spatial_memory
1956 psychology paper by George Miller on working memory capacity
Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation Cryptomnesia Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of cognitive
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
The_Magical_Number_Seven,_Plus_or_Minus_Two
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CONFABULATION
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