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Models of the universe which deviate from then-current scientific consensus
A non-standard cosmology is any physical cosmological model of the universe that was, or still is, proposed as an alternative to the then-current standard
Non-standard_cosmology
Study of the universe
Because of this shared scope with philosophy, theories in cosmology may include both scientific and non-scientific propositions and may depend upon assumptions
Cosmology
Non-standard model of the universe
Shockwave cosmology is a non-standard cosmology proposed by Joel Smoller and Blake Temple in 2003. In this model, the “big bang” is an explosion inside
Shockwave_cosmology
Non-standard model of the universe; emphasizes the role of ionized gases
Plasma cosmology is a non-standard cosmology whose central postulate is that the dynamics of ionized gases and plasmas play important, if not dominant
Plasma_cosmology
Attempts to develop a quantum mechanical theory of cosmology
of classical spacetime. String cosmology Brane cosmology Loop quantum cosmology Top-down cosmology Non-standard cosmology Loop quantum gravity Canonical
Quantum_cosmology
Mathematical model of the Big Bang
Lambda-CDM, Lambda cold dark matter, or ΛCDM model is the standard form of the Big Bang theory of cosmology governing the chronology of the universe. As implied
Lambda-CDM_model
American amateur astronomer
of cosmology and the scientific establishment. Dobson claimed the Big Bang model did not hold up to scrutiny, and instead advocated a non-standard cosmology;
John Dobson (amateur astronomer)
John_Dobson_(amateur_astronomer)
Physical theory of the cosmos
of the universe. Also known as the Big Chill and the Big Freeze Non-standard cosmology – Models of the universe which deviate from then-current scientific
Big_Bang
Topics referred to by the same term
model that is not isomorphic to the standard model, especially models of Peano arithmetic non-standard cosmology, models which do not conform to current
Nonstandard_(disambiguation)
American astronomer (1927-2013)
advocating a non-standard cosmology incorporating intrinsic redshift. Arp developed those views in a book, Seeing Red: Redshift, Cosmology and Academic
Halton_Arp
History and future of the universe
by solid observational evidence. Anything earlier is considered non-standard cosmology, the subject of a great deal of as-yet-unconfirmed research. At
Chronology_of_the_universe
Cosmological model
Conformal cyclic cosmology (CCC) is a speculative cyclocosmic cosmological model in the framework of general relativity, proposed by the theoretical physicist
Conformal_cyclic_cosmology
Galaxy in the constellation of Pisces
critical of the view that the universe is expanding, and advocates for non-standard cosmology such as Halton Arp, Fred Hoyle, and others.[like whom?] This is
NGC_7603
Cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole
A black hole cosmology, or Schwarzschild cosmology, is a cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole. During gravitational
Black_hole_cosmology
Concept in cosmology
traced back to unphysical non-causal terms in the standard calculation, which lead to an erroneously large value of the cosmological constant. In 2018, a mechanism
Cosmological_constant_problem
Theories in particle physics and cosmology
and thus introduce effects not seen in more standard cosmological models. Some versions of brane cosmology, based on the large extra dimension idea, can
Brane_cosmology
The cosmology of the ancient Near East denotes the beliefs concerning the universe's origin, evolution, and structure that prevailed in the ancient Near
Ancient Near Eastern cosmology
Ancient_Near_Eastern_cosmology
Trace radiation from the early universe
model – Mathematical model of the Big Bang List of cosmological computation software Non-standard cosmology – Models of the universe which deviate from then-current
Cosmic_microwave_background
Branch of physics that studies mathematical models of the universe
Physical cosmology is a branch of physics concerned with modeling the universe based on the laws of physics. A cosmological model provides a mathematical
Physical_cosmology
Physical cosmological theory
homogeneous and isotropic at large enough scales, as claimed by the cosmological principle and assumed by all models that use the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker
Inhomogeneous_cosmology
Overview of and topical guide to metaphysics
an alternative to the Big Bang model of standard physical cosmology. Plasma cosmology – a non-standard cosmology whose central postulate is that the dynamics
Outline_of_metaphysics
American physicist
target designs. He is an influential proponent of plasma cosmology, a non-standard cosmology proposed as an alternative to the Big Bang and rejected by
Anthony_Peratt
Everything in space and time
universe Center of the universe Illustris project Local (astronomy) Non-standard cosmology Nucleocosmochronology Parallel universe (fiction) Rare Earth hypothesis
Universe
Indian physicist and author (1938–2025)
cosmology, Narilkar investigated alternative models, a field known as non-standard cosmology. With Fred Hoyle, he proposed a conformal gravity model now known
Jayant_Narlikar
this period, Zoroastrian Cosmology Develops and defines Creation as a manifestation of a cosmic conflict between existence and non-existence, good and evil
Timeline of cosmological theories
Timeline_of_cosmological_theories
Theoretical model of gravity
The world crystal implies specific modifications. Quantum cosmology Non-standard cosmology H. Kleinert (1987). "Gravity as Theory of Defects in a Crystal
World_crystal
Indian astrophysicist (born 1950)
and Cosmology. Eds. B.R. Iyer, A. Kembhavi, J.V. Narlikar & C.V. Vishveshwara, 1988. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Non Standard Cosmology (Revised
Ajit_Kembhavi
Value representing energy density of space
energy. The cosmological constant Λ is the simplest possible explanation for dark energy and is used in the standard model of cosmology known as the
Cosmological_constant
Theory of rapid universe expansion
In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe
Cosmic_inflation
Description of the universe in Buddhist texts
Buddhist cosmology is the description of the shape and evolution of the Universe according to Buddhist scriptures and commentaries. It consists of a temporal
Buddhist_cosmology
Cosmological phenomenon
description assuming dark energy (positive Λ) is used in the standard model of cosmology, which also includes cold dark matter (CDM) and is known as the
Accelerating expansion of the universe
Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe
from Big Bang models with dark matter. From then on, models of non-standard cosmology without some form of Big Bang became very rare in the mainstream
History of the Big Bang theory
History_of_the_Big_Bang_theory
Topics referred to by the same term
security officials. It may also refer to: Steady-state model, a non-standard cosmological view developed in 1949 by Fred Hoyle and others as an alternative
Steady_state_(disambiguation)
Theory that the universe is the same in all directions
In modern physical cosmology, the cosmological principle is the notion that the spatial distribution of matter in the universe is uniformly isotropic
Cosmological_principle
Family of French origin with a Swedish branch
statistics as assistant professor at University of Washington and a non-standard cosmology. Marie-Louise Masreliez (1977- ), a Swedish contemporary circus
Masreliez
Philosophical argument for the existence of God
The Kalam cosmological argument is a modern formulation of the cosmological argument for the existence of God, named after the Kalam—or medieval Islamic
Kalam_cosmological_argument
French astrophysicist (born 1951)
Buchet-Chastel(ISBN 978-2369148258) Physical cosmology List of cosmologists Non-standard cosmology Timeline of cosmology "About". Inference: International Review
Jean-Pierre_Luminet
Equations in physical cosmology
Friedmann equations are called FRW or FLRW models and form the Standard Model of modern cosmology, although such a description is also associated with the further
Friedmann_equations
Astrophysicist
Hume A. Feldman is a physicist specializing in cosmology and astrophysics. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and a professor and chair (2013-2023)
Hume_Feldman
Fluctuations in the energy spectrum of the microwave background
primordial magnetic fields and other non-standard physics examples. Within Λ {\displaystyle \Lambda } CDM cosmology, the adiabatic cooling of matter and
Cosmic microwave background spectral distortions
Cosmic_microwave_background_spectral_distortions
Theory of forces and subatomic particles
from observational cosmology. The Standard Model without modifications also does not incorporate neutrino oscillations and their non-zero masses, but extensions
Standard_Model
Measurement of distance
In standard cosmology, comoving distance and proper distance (or physical distance) are two closely related distance measures used by cosmologists to define
Comoving_and_proper_distances
Process during the early universe
light element abundances. The model is one of the key concepts in standard cosmology. Elements heavier than lithium are instead created in appreciable
Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis
Concept in cosmology
The measure problem in cosmology concerns how to compute the ratios of universes of different types within a multiverse. It typically arises in the context
Measure_problem_(cosmology)
Energy driving the accelerated expansion of the universe
In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is a proposed form of energy that affects the universe on its largest scales. Its primary effect is to
Dark_energy
Hypothesis about life in the universe
are about 31 physical constants in the Standard Model of particle physics and the standard model of cosmology combined, and they seem to have unusual
Fine-tuned_universe
Increase in distance between parts of the universe
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric. The consensus or "standard" model of cosmology, the Lambda-CDM model, hypothesizes different expansion rates
Expansion_of_the_universe
Comformal theory of gravity
observation as it does not fit into WMAP data. Brans–Dicke theory Non-standard cosmology "Cosmology: Math Plus Mach Equals Far-Out Gravity". Time. Jun 26, 1964
Hoyle–Narlikar theory of gravity
Hoyle–Narlikar_theory_of_gravity
function estimate for the measurement of a physical quantity. In physical cosmology, the fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background are known to be approximately
Non-Gaussianity
Processes that could produce lepton-antilepton asymmetry
matter than antimatter? More unsolved problems in physics In physical cosmology, leptogenesis is the generic term for hypothetical physical processes
Leptogenesis
Cosmological models involving indefinite, self-sustaining cycles
A cyclic model (or oscillating model) is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, or indefinite, self-sustaining cycles
Cyclic_model
power spectrum given the cosmological parameters. These codes are capable of calculating the power spectrum from the standard LCDM model or its derivatives
List of cosmological computation software
List_of_cosmological_computation_software
Role-playing game multiverse
various official cosmologies over the course of the different editions of the game; these cosmologies describe the structure of the standard Dungeons & Dragons
Plane_(Dungeons_&_Dragons)
Problem in astronomy
framework of Tsallis non-extensive statistics. Their result suggest that 1.069 < q < 1.082 is a possible new solution to the cosmological lithium problem.
Cosmological_lithium_problem
Theories trying to extend known physics
Assuming that general relativity and Lambda CDM are true, cosmological observations show that the Standard Model explains about 5% of the mass-energy present
Physics beyond the Standard Model
Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model
In Mahāyāna Buddhism, the mundane world
sense bases and their respective modes of consciousness. In Buddhist cosmology, the desire realm is often described as being composed of four continents
Sahā
Argument for the existence of God
In philosophy of religion, a cosmological argument is an argument for the existence of God based on observational statements concerning the universe and
Cosmological_argument
Cosmological fine-tuning problem
the early universe must have been exceptionally close to flat. In standard cosmology based on the Friedmann equations the density of matter and energy
Flatness_problem
Book by Halton Arp
Associations, C. Roy Keys Inc. (February, 2003), ISBN 978-0968368992. Non-standard cosmology Arp, Halton, "Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies" (1966) Publ. Pasadena:
Quasars, Redshifts and Controversies
Quasars,_Redshifts_and_Controversies
Theory of the evolution of cosmological structure
physical cosmology, cosmological perturbation theory is the theory by which the evolution of structure is understood in the Big Bang model. Cosmological perturbation
Cosmological perturbation theory
Cosmological_perturbation_theory
Hypothetical field that may have driven cosmic inflation
standard cosmological model. At that point, the field has "lost" its original potential energy, but gained kinetic energy. To introduce the standard model
Inflaton
E and B modes (Polarisation)
Polarization in cosmology refers to the orientation of the oscillations of waves as they travel through space, primarily understood in the cosmic microwave
Polarization_(cosmology)
Fluctuations in the density of the normal matter of the universe
provide a "standard candle" for astronomical observations, BAO matter clustering provides a "standard ruler" for length scale in cosmology. The length
Baryon_acoustic_oscillations
Unsolved problem in physics
cosmological constant problem include modifying and/or extending gravity, adding matter with unvanishing pressure, and UV/IR mixing in the Standard Model
Hierarchy_problem
Non-linear sigma model Non-orientable wormhole Non-perturbative Non-standard cosmology Non-topological soliton Non-uniform circular motion Non-zero dispersion-shifted
Index_of_physics_articles_(N)
Observation in physical cosmology
law, officially the Hubble–Lemaître law, is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their
Hubble's_law
Principle that humans are not privileged observers of the universe
Unsolved problem in physics Are cosmological observations made from Earth representative of observations from the average position in the universe? More
Copernican_principle
Universe's background particle radiation composed of neutrinos
directly observed in detail for many years, if at all. However, Big Bang cosmology makes many predictions about the CνB, and there is very strong indirect
Cosmic_neutrino_background
Two geometries based on axioms closely related to those specifying Euclidean geometry
not use cosmological language as Minkowski did in 1908. The relevant structure is now called the hyperboloid model of hyperbolic geometry. The non-Euclidean
Non-Euclidean_geometry
Cosmological model
The Milne model was a special-relativistic cosmological model of the universe proposed by Edward Arthur Milne in 1935. It is mathematically equivalent
Milne_model
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
which entire galaxies appear like tiny particles. In the standard Lambda-CDM model of cosmology, the mass–energy content of the universe is 5% ordinary
Dark_matter
Award
the Standard Model Vacuum Energy. 3rd prize: Niayesh Afshordi and Elliot Nelson, for their work Cosmological Non-Constant Problem: Cosmological bounds
Buchalter_Cosmology_Prize
Imbalance of matter and antimatter in the observable universe
matter and antimatter? More unsolved problems in physics In physical cosmology, the baryon asymmetry problem, also known as the matter asymmetry problem
Baryon_asymmetry
Hypothetical type of dark matter in physics
In cosmology and physics, cold dark matter (CDM) is a hypothetical type of dark matter. According to the current standard model of cosmology, the Lambda-CDM
Cold_dark_matter
Comprehensive physical model
Particles, Strings and Cosmology – The Pran Nath Festschrift – Pascos 2004. Tenth International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology – PaSCos 2004. Boston
Grand_Unified_Theory
Spectral line of hydrogen state transition in UHF radio frequencies
fine-structure constant over time. It is of particular importance to cosmology because it can be used to study the early Universe. Due to its fundamental
Hydrogen_line
Region of the observable universe
In cosmology, a Hubble volume (named for the astronomer Edwin Hubble) or Hubble sphere, subluminal sphere, causal sphere and sphere of causality is a
Hubble_volume
Aspect of field theory
when formulating ghost fields, in some models of cosmology, in condensed matter systems, and for non-unitary conformal field theories. In a Lagrangian
Kinetic_term
physics and cosmology that have not been experimentally confirmed. They are typically introduced to address limitations of the Standard Model, unify
List of hypothetical particles
List_of_hypothetical_particles
Proposed theories of gravity
physics. The many successful, high precision predictions of the standard model of cosmology has led astrophysicists to conclude it and thus general relativity
Alternatives to general relativity
Alternatives_to_general_relativity
Plane of existence in Dungeons & Dragons
Spire's pinnacle. This D&D cosmology is the standard cosmology in the 3rd and 5th Editions and is the official cosmology used in campaign settings such
Outer_Plane
Lebanese physicist (born 1953)
works in supergravity, Grand Unified Theory, noncommutative geometry and cosmology. Chamseddine also lead the development of theories with tangible, testable
Ali_Chamseddine
English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)
and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Between 1979 and 2009, he was the Lucasian
Stephen_Hawking
Standard Model, i.e. the strong CP problem. A consequence of this solution is to generate an axion field, which would in turn indicate a cosmological
Direct detection of dark matter
Direct_detection_of_dark_matter
Theory extending Einstein gravity
Alberto (11 April 2024). "A non-perturbative and background-independent formulation of quadratic gravity". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Quadratic_gravity
Argument in astrophysics against the theory of an unchanging universe
bright. This contradicts the observed darkness and non-uniformity of the night sky. Modern cosmological models do not make all of these assumptions. The
Olbers'_paradox
Particle physics theory
of the notion of a landscape and non-naturalness. Savas Dimopoulos, who initially proposed the supersymmetric Standard Model, proposed split supersymmetry
Split_supersymmetry
Postulated type of radiation that mediates interactions of dark matter
electromagnetic interactions between particles in the Standard Model (called baryonic matter in cosmology), dark radiation is proposed to mediate interactions
Dark_radiation
Principle in theoretical physics
holographic bound Brane cosmology Digital physics Entropic gravity Implicate and explicate order Quantum speed limit theorems Physical cosmology Quantum foam except
Holographic_principle
Hypothesized early universe process
In physical cosmology, baryogenesis (also known as baryosynthesis) is the physical process that is hypothesized to have taken place during the early universe
Baryogenesis
Notions in the de Broglie-Bohm theory
Valentini, Antony (2013). "Hidden Variables in Modern Cosmology". youtube.com. Philosophy of Cosmology. Retrieved 23 December 2016. See for ex. Detlef Dürr
Quantum_non-equilibrium
Hypothetical fundamental force
because it is non-dynamical and homogeneous; the cosmological constant would not be considered a fifth component in this sense, because it is non-dynamical
Quintessence_(physics)
Violation of charge-parity symmetry in particle physics and cosmology
opened the door to questions still at the core of particle physics and of cosmology today. The lack of an exact CP-symmetry, but also the fact that it is
CP_violation
Theory in physics with scalars and tensors both describing a force or interaction
M. (2016-08-10). "Post-Newtonian celestial mechanics in scalar-tensor cosmology". Physical Review D. 94 (4) 044015. arXiv:1606.09139. Bibcode:2016PhRvD
Scalar–tensor_theory
Book by Leonard Susskind
Concepts Particle Physics 2: Standard Model Particle Physics 3: Super-symmetry and Grand Unification String theory Cosmology and black holes Gribbin, John
The_Theoretical_Minimum
Hypothetical physical concept
candidate forces suggested by modern cosmology: an inflationary force and dark energy. Furthermore, cosmological experiments also suggest the existence
Theory_of_everything
Compact astronomical body
"Electroweak Stars: How Nature May Capitalize on the Standard Model's Ultimate Fuel". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (12): 004. arXiv:0912
Black_hole
Period in the evolution of the early universe
In physical cosmology, the electroweak epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe when the temperature of the universe had fallen enough
Electroweak_epoch
Distance measurement used in cosmology
The particle horizon (also called the cosmological horizon, the comoving horizon, or the cosmic light horizon) is the maximum distance from which light
Particle_horizon
Archaic conception of Earth's shape
philosophy with Pythagoras (6th century BC). However, the early Greek cosmological view of a flat Earth persisted among most pre-Socratics (6th–5th century
Flat_Earth
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